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A CPW-fed, C-shaped antenna is designed for Ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. In the proposed design, there is a wide slot in the ground plane in such a way that the C-shaped radiator accommodates within that slot. Moreover, two slots have been cut on either side of the lower ground plane to down the return loss from 10 dB. The dimension of the antenna is 25 mm × 25 mm × 1.6 mm which is etched on the FR4 dielectric material having a loss tangent of 0.02 and a dielectric constant is 4.4. The bandwidth of the antenna is 9 GHz (3–12 GHz) or, 120%. The designed antenna can be used for broadcasting purposes because its E-fields radiation pattern is almost omnidirectional in a lower range of frequencies. Therefore, this designed antenna can be used in the upper-frequency band (3–6 GHz) of Wi-Fi communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a compact portable patch antenna for 6G wireless communications at terahertz (THz) applications. The asymmetric co-planer waveguide (CPW) fed curved slits are proposed on rectangular microstrip patch antenna to resonate at THz applications. The asymmetric CPW-fed antenna is designed to be 50 μm thick on FR-4 substrate with 500 × 500 µm2 rectangular substrate with gold plating patch (thickness is 0.02 μm). The designed antenna is offers dual bands and resonates 0.813 THz, 1.254 THz frequencies. The first resonating frequency has a return loss of -16.86 dB is observed with the impedance bandwidth of 92 GHz (0.761 THz-0.853 THz) and gain is 6.14 dBi. The return loss of -28.52dB is observed over the impedance bandwidth of 295 GHz (1.117 THz-1.413 THz) with a realized gain of 7.31dBi at a second resonating frequency of 1.254 THz. The results obtained for the proposed design antenna have wider impedance bandwidth and more gain with a low reflection coefficient for high-speed wireless data communication systems. The proposed compact terahertz antenna is used in 6G applications for ultra-high-speed wireless communications with support to connect massive devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a highperformance multiple - input - multiple - output (MIMO) antenna featuring a compact circular shape with slots, fed through co-planar wave-guide (CPW), emphasizing low mutual coupling. The proposed antenna has been physically realized using an FR4 substrate. Enhancing the antenna characteristics involved creating slits positioned at a 120-degree angle to each other, alongside a central circular-shaped slot within the patch. The arrangement of antenna elements involves an edge-to-edge distance of 0.18λ (4mm) to ensure isolation surpassing 15dB across the entire wideband range. The compact MIMO antenna overall dimension is 0.81λ x 1.45λ x 0.073λ (18 x 32 x 1.61 mm3). The CPW-fed circular patch MIMO antenna proposed in this study resonates at 12.611 GHz, and 13.852 GHz, exhibiting an impedance bandwidth of 2.65 GHz (12.116 GHz to 14.772 GHz). It showcases a reflection coefficient of -31.833dB and achieves an observed gain of 5.81 dBi. The observed results include a low envelope correlation coefficient (<0.025) and a high diversity gain (>9.87) at the resonating frequency. The measured outcomes closely align with the simulated results, indicating the efficacy of the designed wideband antenna. The designed wideband antenna is suitable for satellite downlink communications to transmit data at a higher rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A circularly polarized dual-band dual-sense coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed square slot antenna is designed in this paper. The designed antenna consists of two additional patches. A good impedance matching can be achieved by varying the sizes of patches. In this antenna, there are two impedance bandwidth (IBW) ranges of 2.65–5.43 and 5.77–6.19 GHz, and there are two axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) ranges of 2.88–3.00 and 4.98–5.35 GHz within the IBW. The dual impedance band designed antenna is meant to operate at resonant frequencies of 4.04 and 5.98 GHz. It generates a dual circularly polarized band that operates at 2.94 and 5.2 GHz. They are left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP). Low-cost FR4_epoxy is the substrate material used with dielectric constant of εr = 4.4. The antenna is designed using the Ansoft HFSS software. The main parameters, including reflection coefficient, ARBW, gain, radiation pattern, and radiation efficiency, have been measured, simulated, and analyzed. The lower ARBW band of a proposed antenna can be suitable for some S-band wireless communication applications, and a higher ARBW band can be ideal for WLAN applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A miniaturized and low-profile planar antenna is a crucial part of any wireless communication system. To cover additional narrowband services and to reduce system complexity, antennas in portable devices should offer several operating bands. In this paper, we propose a coplanar-waveguide-fed (CPW-fed), flexible, and compact slotted patch frequency reconfigurable antenna with a compact size of 20 × 24 mm 2 . The designed antenna employs a low-cost Rogers 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.127 mm. This choice of substrate ensures cost-effectiveness while preserving the desired performance of the antenna. The antenna radiates through five distinct frequency bands, including 5.58–6.25 GHz, 6.05–8.81 GHz, 8.79–9.7 GHz, 9.7–10.22 GHz, and 10.48–15 GHz, depending on the switch on/off condition, thereby enabling the antenna to span a broader range of frequencies for WLAN, C-UWB, sub-6 GHz, and X-band communications. The designed antenna is fabricated and tested in both the on and off states. The measured results closely match the simulated outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses a low-profile, planar, efficient, and directed CPW-fed monopole antenna with a metasurface (MS) for WLAN as well as modern civil and military applications. A stacked 7 × 7 order metasurface (MS) and CPW-fed slotted patch antenna are sandwiched together to create the metasurface antenna (MSA). The overall size of the proposed prototype is 0.25λ0 × 0.25λ0 × 0.06λ0 only, where λ0 is the free-space wavelength at 2.34 GHz. This antenna has fractional bandwidths of 6.8% and 53.8% at two different frequencies of 2.34 and 8.94 GHz, respectively. With a peak gain of 8.7 dBi and radiation efficiency of 91.1% at 11.51 GHz, the antenna offers directional radiation characteristics in both the E- and H-planes. A comparable circuit model for the proposed prototype has also been described in order to analyze the outcomes of the electromagnetic simulation. The intended prototype has been fabricated, and the experimentally measured results closely resemble the simulated ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the design and manufacturing of a dual-band miniaturized printed monopole antenna for WiFi, wireless local area network and worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications. The developed antenna is constituted of a rectangular radiating element with an elliptical slot printed on a FR-4 substrate and powered by CPW feed technique. The overall area of the designed antenna is 20 × 35mm2. The dual-band characteristic is achieved by inserting an elliptical slot in the radiator and rectangular and circular slots in the ground plane. To demonstrate the validity of the simulation outcomes, the proposed antenna was fabricated and tested using E5071C VNA, and the experimental outcomes illustrate that the developed antenna provides dual bands: 2.36–2.45 GHz resonating at 2.4 GHz and 3.2–6.29 GHz resonating at 3.8 and 5.5 GHz. Additionally, the recommended antenna has a high peak gain of 3.38 dB and a peak radiation efficiency of 98% percent. Furthermore, the stated design is a suitable applicant for the broadband communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and development of a new semicircular inverted triangular shaped antenna for 5G millimeter-wave wireless applications. An alternate-mixed approach based on cavity, slots and loaded stubs is employed in the designed antenna lattice. The suggested antenna structure is formed by a radiator, partial defected metal ground plane and a 50 Ω coplanar waveguide. The proposed antenna resonated at multiple frequencies by the setting up of the proper dimensions and locations of the rectangles, elliptical cut slots and cavity stubs. Furthermore, a parametric analysis is carried out to examine the antenna's effectiveness and impedance-matching controls. The proposed structure is realized on the low-cost RT/Duroid Rogers RO3010™ laminate with an overall small size of 1.381λ0 × 1.08λ0 × 0.098λ0, where λ0 represents the wavelength corresponding to the minimum edge frequency of the 23 GHz at 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna's key characteristics in terms of bandwidth, gain, radiation patterns and current distribution have been investigated. The antenna exhibits high performance, including an impedance bandwidth of 19 GHz ranging from 23 GHz to 42 GHz, results in 58.46% wider relative bandwidth calculated at 10 dB scaled return loss, a peak realized gain of 6.75 dBi, optimal radiation efficiency of 89%, stable omnidirectional-shaped radiation patterns and robust current distribution across the antenna structure at multiple resonances. The designed antenna has been fabricated and simulation experiments evaluated its performance. The results demonstrate that the antenna is appropriate and can be well integrated into 5G millimeter-wave wireless communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact coplanar waveguide-fed monopole antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is composed of three monopole branches. In order to achieve the miniaturization, the longest branch was bent. The antenna is printed on an FR4 dielectric substrate, having a compact size of 0.144λ0 × 0.105λ0 × 0.003λ0 at its lowest resonant frequency of 900 MHz. The multiband antenna covers five frequency bands: 820–990 MHz, 1.87–2.08 GHz, 2.37–2.93 GHz, 3.98–4.27 GHz, and 5.47–8.9 GHz, which covers the entire radio frequency identification bands (860–960 MHz, 2.4–2.48 GHz, and 5.725–5.875 GHz), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) bands (890–960 MHz and 1.850–1.990 GHz), WLAN bands (2.4–2.484 GHz and 5.725–5.825 GHz), WiMAX band (2.5–2.69 GHz), X-band satellite communication systems (7.25–7.75 GHz and 7.9–8.4 GHz), and sub 6 GHz in 5G mobile communication system (3.3–4.2 GHz and 4.4–5.0 GHz). Also, the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the operating band, which is nearly omnidirectional. Both the simulated and experimental results are presented and compared and a good agreement is established. The proposed antenna operates in five frequency bands with high gain and good radiation characteristics, which make it a suitable candidate in terminal devices with multiple communication standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a coplanar waveguide-fed super-wideband antenna is presented for wireless sensor networks. The studied low-profile design is comprised of a modified bow-tie-shaped vertical patch and two asymmetrical ground planes and has been prototyped on a single-sided FR4 microwave substrate. The anticipated antenna has an overall size of 0.25λ × 0.20λ at 3.035 GHz, the lowest frequency of the operating band. The vertical radiator coupled well with the two coplanar ground planes which enabled the studied antenna to achieve an operating band of 3.035-17.39 GHz (140.56%). The presented antenna demonstrates almost omnidirectional radiation patterns over the entire operating with an average gain of 4.56 dBi and average efficiency of 76.62%. The antenna also features with high fidelity factor, flat group delay, small phase distortion, and good response of transfer function. All these characteristics of the studied antenna make it a robust contender for wireless sensor node applications.

A type of telecommunication technology called an ultra-wideband (UWB) is used to provide a typical solution for short-range wireless communication due to large bandwidth and low power consumption in transmission and reception. Printed monopole antennas are considered as a preferred platform for implementing this technology because of its alluring characteristics such as light weight, low cost, ease of fabrication, integration capability with other systems, etc. Therefore, a compact-sized ultra-wideband (UWB) printed monopole antenna with improved gain and efficiency is presented in this article. Computer simulation technology microwave studio (CSTMWS) software is used to build and analyze the proposed antenna design technique. This broadband printed monopole antenna contains a jug-shaped radiator fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) technique. The designed UWB antenna is fabricated on a low-cost FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.3, loss tangent of 0.025, and a standard height of 1.6 mm, sized at 25 mm × 22 mm × 1.6 mm, suitable for wireless communication system. The designed UWB antenna works with maximum gain (peak gain of 4.1 dB) across the whole UWB spectrum of 3–11 GHz. The results are simulated, measured, and debated in detail. Different parametric studies based on numerical simulations are involved to arrive at the optimal design through monitoring the effects of adding cuts on the performance of the proposed antennas. Therefore, these parametric studies are optimized to achieve maximum antenna bandwidth with relatively best gain. The proposed patch antenna shape is like a jug with a handle that offers greater bandwidth, good gain, higher efficiency, and compact size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and development of a new semicircular inverted triangular shaped antenna for 5G millimeter-wave wireless applications. An alternate-mixed approach based on cavity, slots and loaded stubs is employed in the designed antenna lattice. The suggested antenna structure is formed by a radiator, partial defected metal ground plane and a 50 Ω coplanar waveguide. The proposed antenna resonated at multiple frequencies by the setting up of the proper dimensions and locations of the rectangles, elliptical cut slots and cavity stubs. Furthermore, a parametric analysis is carried out to examine the antenna’s effectiveness and impedance-matching controls. The proposed structure is realized on the low-cost RT/Duroid Rogers RO3010™ laminate with an overall small size of 1.381λ0 × 1.08λ0 × 0.098λ0, where λ0 represents the wavelength corresponding to the minimum edge frequency of the 23 GHz at 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna’s key characteristics in terms of bandwidth, gain, radiation patterns and current distribution have been investigated. The antenna exhibits high performance, including an impedance bandwidth of 19 GHz ranging from 23 GHz to 42 GHz, results in 58.46% wider relative bandwidth calculated at 10 dB scaled return loss, a peak realized gain of 6.75 dBi, optimal radiation efficiency of 89%, stable omnidirectional-shaped radiation patterns and robust current distribution across the antenna structure at multiple resonances. The designed antenna has been fabricated and simulation experiments evaluated its performance. The results demonstrate that the antenna is appropriate and can be well integrated into 5G millimeter-wave wireless communication systems.

This paper presents a compact frequency reconfigurable antenna for flexible devices and conformal surfaces. The antenna consists of a simple easy to fabricate structure consisting of a stub loaded circular radiator, designed on commercially available RT5880 flexible substrate (εr = 2.2) with a thickness of 0.254 mm. The combination of stub loading and slot etching techniques are utilized to achieve the advantages of compactness, frequency reconfigurability, wide impedance bandwidth, and stable radiation pattern with structural conformability. The frequency reconfigurability is achieved by employing two pi-n diodes. Simulated and experimental results showed that the antenna operates in various important commercial bands, such as S-band (2 GHz- 4 GHz), Wi-Max (3.5 GHz and 5.8 GHz), Wi-Fi (3.6 GHz, 5 GHz, and 5.9 GHz), 5G sub-6-GHz (3.5 GHz and 4.4 GHz - 5 GHz), and ITU-band (7.725 GHz - 8.5 GHz) with the additional advantages of structural conformability. Furthermore, the performance comparison of the proposed flexible antenna with the state-of-the-art flexible antennas in terms of compactness, frequency reconfigurability, and number of operating bands demonstrates the novelty of the proposed antenna and its potential application in heterogeneous applications.

This paper presents a new coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed circularly polarized square slot antenna (CPSSA). The proposed antenna uses an inverted Z-shaped feedline protruded from the signal line of the feeding CPW. Circularly polarized (CP) radiation can be achieved by adequately inserting the arc-shaped grounded strip into the upper right corner of the square slot. The widened vertical tuning stub on the L-shaped grounded strip can improve impedance matching and axial ratio (AR) performance. The measured results indicate that the 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 620 MHz (652-1272 MHz), and the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 320 MHz (840-1160 MHz), which has a broadband characteristic. In the range of the universal UHF RFID band, the measured peak gain is about 4.4 dBi. The proposed CPSSA uses low-cost FR4 material as the dielectric substrate. The overall size of the antenna is 119 × 119 × 0.5 mm³. The proposed antenna has a simple structure, easy processing, good performance, wide operating bandwidth, and dual circular polarization characteristic. It can be applied to the universal UHF RFID handheld reader environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the design and the analysis of miniaturized implantable conformal patch antennas are proposed for biomedical applications. A polyimide substrate material is considered to achieve conformability. The radiating element is a monopole rectangular patch antenna with three split ring resonators (SRR), and a rectangular slot with CPW (coplanar waveguide) feeding is presented. The proposed implantable conformal CPW-fed patch (ICCP) antenna resonates at free space at 2.41 GHz (2.01-2.82 GHz) frequency with an impedance bandwidth of 810 MHz and the gain of 2.62 dB are observed. The in vitro test is considered in muscle mimicking phantom gel with proposed ICCP antenna, and it resonates at 2.60 GHz (2.41-2.81 GHz) with an impedance bandwidth of 400 MHz and the gain of -19.6 dB are observed. The ICCP antenna is also considered in different layers of the human tissue simulation model, and the antenna works at ISM band. The specific absorption rate (SAR) is obtained for all proposed cases, and these are all within the limits of the federal communication commission (FCC). The ICCP antenna is manufactured and tested for free space and a muscle mimicking phantom gels. Good agreement results have observed between simulated and measured values.

Abstract Herein a compact triple‐band circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna, loaded with a single annular ring patch with eight symmetrical slots along its periphery and a series of octagonal closed ring resonators (CRRs) on the opposite side of the substrate, is proposed. Evolution process of the antenna geometry reveals that the eight symmetrical slots and the CRRs are responsible for increased impedance bandwidth (IBW), while simulated (high‐frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and computer simulation tool) triple CP bands obtained due to the uses of crossshaped slit resonating at 7.5 GHz (152.2 MHz); asymmetric ground plane at 10.2 GHz (161 MHz); and square open‐loop at 12.2 GHz (112.5 MHz). Series of parasitic strips improved CP radiation and remove ripple in the radiation pattern. The antenna presented here, is compact, fabricated with an optimized dimension of 35 × 30 × 1.6 mm3, on low cost FR‐4 substrate with copper cladding. The measured

A CPW – Fed octagonal ring shaped antenna for wideband operation is presented. The radiating patch of proposed octagonal ring antenna consists of symmetrical slot in place of conventional annular ring microstrip antenna. The ground plane consists of two rectangular slots, while the radiator and the ground plane are on same plane that utilizes the space available around the radiator. The proposed antenna is simulated through Ansoft’s High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). Measured result shows balanced agreement with the simulated results. The prototype is taken with dimensions 47 mm × 47 mm × 1.6 mm that achieves good return loss, constant group delay and good radiation patterns over the entire operating bandwidth of 2.0 to 9.5 GHz (7.5 GHz). The proposed antenna achieves high impedance bandwidth of 130%. Thus, the proposed antenna is applicable for S and C band applications.

In this paper, a Mercedes-Benz logo antenna with a metal plate located at an optimized distance from the proposed antenna is introduced as a wearable antenna to operate in the industrial, scientific, and medical band with center frequency of 2.45 GHz. The metal plate is integrated with the antenna as an isolator and a reflector to improve the radiation performance of the proposed design, reduce the back radiation and reduce the specific absorption rate, when loaded on the human body. The front-to-back ratio improves by 18.2 dB, by adding a metal plate to the structure. The proposed antenna with coplanar waveguide-fed with dimensions of 35 mm × 35 mm × 0.508 mm is printed on a Rogers 4003C substrate, and has an impedance bandwidth from 2.20 to 2.56 GHz, the gain of 7.3 dBi at 2.45 GHz, and SAR levels is less than the criteria set by the FCC and ICNIRP. Nowadays, attention to health as product quality assurance factor along with other technical specifications is the requirements of industrial productions, especially in competition with superior brands. Based on comparisons made with similar works, the proposed wearable antenna structure can be used for wireless body area network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiral‐shaped UWB antennas, which are differ from each other in terms of feeding structure are presented in this manuscript. CPW and microstrip line feeding are used to excite the designed antenna to obtain different performance parameters. The overall physical dimensions of proposed antennas are 27 × 27 × 1.6 mm3. These antennas are designed on low cost FR4 glass epoxy substrate with 1.6 mm thickness and dielectric constant 4.4. Impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) obtained for measured CPW‐fed antenna is 176.82% ranging (1.23‐20.0 GHz) and microstrip line‐fed antenna is 169% ranging (1.68‐20.0 GHz). Various performance parameters of both the designed antennas are observed and calculated, such as, radiation pattern, gain, group delay, and radiation efficiency, which all are in the acceptable range for distinct UWB communication and other wireless standards. The optimized designed antennas are fabricated and tested for the validation of results and comparison among simulated and measured results of antennas have been made and found in good agreement with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein a compact triple‐band circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna, loaded with a single annular ring patch with eight symmetrical slots along its periphery and a series of octagonal closed ring resonators (CRRs) on the opposite side of the substrate, is proposed. Evolution process of the antenna geometry reveals that the eight symmetrical slots and the CRRs are responsible for increased impedance bandwidth (IBW), while simulated (high‐frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and computer simulation tool) triple CP bands obtained due to the uses of crossshaped slit resonating at 7.5 GHz (152.2 MHz); asymmetric ground plane at 10.2 GHz (161 MHz); and square open‐loop at 12.2 GHz (112.5 MHz). Series of parasitic strips improved CP radiation and remove ripple in the radiation pattern. The antenna presented here, is compact, fabricated with an optimized dimension of 35 × 30 × 1.6 mm3, on low cost FR‐4 substrate with copper cladding. The measured <10‐dB IBW ranges from 4.08‐5.05 GHz and 5.98 GHz up to 13.6 GHz. Simulated maximum peak gain found to be 4.45 dBi at 13 GHz. The antenna proposed herein is appropriate for wireless applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A design of asymmetric coplanar strip-fed (ACS) CRLH antennas for multiband operation is presented in this paper. Two different possible termination of the antenna is discussed. Comparison between ACS short circuit and ACS open circuit termination confirm that the open circuit termination has extra resonance band. The antenna resonance frequencies were optimized for WIMAX/WLAN frequencies. The antennas have compact size of 13.5 × 26.5 mm2 thanks to the asymmetric configuration. The antenna has size reduction up to 50% as compared to the patch antennas which are operated as the same frequency bands. The antennas are tested experimentally to validate the agreement between simulated and measured data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A type of telecommunication technology called an ultra-wideband (UWB) is used to provide a typical solution for short-range wireless communication due to large bandwidth and low power consumption in transmission and reception. Printed monopole antennas are considered as a preferred platform for implementing this technology because of its alluring characteristics such as light weight, low cost, ease of fabrication, integration capability with other systems, etc. Therefore, a compact-sized ultra-wideband (UWB) printed monopole antenna with improved gain and efficiency is presented in this article. Computer simulation technology microwave studio (CSTMWS) software is used to build and analyze the proposed antenna design technique. This broadband printed monopole antenna contains a jug-shaped radiator fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) technique. The designed UWB antenna is fabricated on a low-cost FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.3, loss tangent of 0.025, and a standard height of 1.6 mm, sized at 25 mm × 22 mm × 1.6 mm, suitable for wireless communication system. The designed UWB antenna works with maximum gain (peak gain of 4.1 dB) across the whole UWB spectrum of 3–11 GHz. The results are simulated, measured, and debated in detail. Different parametric studies based on numerical simulations are involved to arrive at the optimal design through monitoring the effects of adding cuts on the performance of the proposed antennas. Therefore, these parametric studies are optimized to achieve maximum antenna bandwidth with relatively best gain. The proposed patch antenna shape is like a jug with a handle that offers greater bandwidth, good gain, higher efficiency, and compact size.

A polarization reconfigurable square ring-slot antenna design is proposed. Besides possessing the advantages such as ease in manufacturing and small-size (50 mm $\times50$ mm $\times0.8$ mm), due to having a simple biasing circuit, the proposed ring-slot antenna is able to control the PIN diodes with ease, allowing it to switch between linear polarization and left-/right-hand circular polarizations (CP). From the measurement results, the left- and right-hand CP bandwidths (approximately 8.77%, 2290–2520 MHz) of this proposed ring-slot antenna can satisfy the TD-LTE2300 and WLAN2.4GHz operating bands.

A novel compact wideband antenna with T‐shaped strips inside square ring is proposed. By stacking a pair of T‐shaped strip one above another, the antenna covers the WIMAX (3.3‐3.8 and 5.25‐5.85 GHz), WLAN (2.41‐2.54, 5.15‐5.35, and 5.72‐5.85 GHz), and lower band of future 5G communications (3.6‐6 GHz). The antenna is fabricated on 17 × 33 × 1.6 mm3 FR‐4 substrate. UWB operation is achieved using a rectangular shaped slot in the ground plane. The designed antenna has been fabricated and measured. Simulation results and measured results are in good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact coplanar‐waveguide (CPW)‐fed ultrawideband (UWB) antenna with quadruple rejected bands is proposed. To realize the bandwidth requirement of UWB communication, a gradient folk‐shaped radiating patch and a symmetrical ground plane are employed, which help to cover a frequency band from 2.7 to 10.7 GHz. In order to obtain four rejected bands within the UWB frequency band, four different slots including a cap‐shaped slot, two meandering slots, and a split‐ring are utilized, which contribute to generate rejected bands at C‐band (3.60‐4.32 GHz), wireless local area networks bands (5.17‐5.32 GHz and 5.80‐5.93 GHz), and International Telecommunication Union service band (7.8‐8.2 GHz), respectively. Excellent band‐notched features are obtained by optimizing the positions and lengths of the four slots. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna is especially suitable for UWB communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact CPW-fed slot antenna is proposed here. The antenna has a pentagonal patch nested within an asymmetrical slot along with a coplanar waveguide feed. The suggested antenna also has a circular polarization over a wide range. For achieving better performance and to increase the gain of the antenna a single aluminum reflector is used. Results with reflectors of different materials are studied and simulated. The reflector helped to achieve a higher gain, stable radiation pattern, and a good impedance match. The antenna covers an impedance bandwidth of 10.5 GHz and an axial ratio bandwidth of 1.3 GHz allied with a fractional bandwidth of 118%. The simulated result complies with the bandwidth requirements of IEEE 802.11a (5.15–5.35 GHz/5.47–5.725 GHz) for wireless applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel structure of CPW-Fed MIMO antenna is presented for dual-band applications covering 2.4/5.8 GHz ISM band, 2300 MHz LTE-4G band, HiperLAN (5–6 GHz) and IEEE C-bands. A Rectangle-Split-Ring-Resonator (RSRR) slot has been embedded in the patch antenna to create a band-notch centered around 3.74 GHz in order to isolate the high traffic of 3.5 GHz WiMAX band and convert a wideband antenna into a dual-band antenna which is mainly focused on the WLAN bands. A modified ground structure is implemented to control and achieve a higher impedance bandwidth (IBW) up to 64% in the upper band, ranging from 3.90 to 7.55 GHz while the lower band, ranges from 2.24 to 2.90 GHz with an IBW of 26%. A novel ITI-shaped isolation structure is designed and placed between the patch antennas, which are separated by a center-to-center distance of 0.35λ 0 , helping in achieving a minimum measured isolation of 24 dB across the dual-band. The design has been fabricated on an FR-4 substrate of dimension 72 × 56 × 0.8 mm3 with a minimum measured gain of 2.5 dBi across the operating bands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research paper, the alteration of conventional circular patch with coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed antenna, commonly used for wireless communication is discussed. Ground plane is modified and implemented on the substrate with specific dimensions. The substrate is having the dimensions 20 mm × 20 mm with a height of 1.6 mm. FR4 epoxy dielectric material is chosen for the substrate. The design has been done for the 26 GHz application which includes 5G mobile network. ANSYS HFSS is used for simulating the designed antenna. Focus has been made on the S plot (<10dB) 11 to find out the resonant frequency. S -Parameter, VSWR, Antenna Gain, Directivity, Radiation Efficiency, and Surface 11 Current have been found out from the simulation results. Along with sharpness at the resonant frequency of 26 GHz, the CPW can increase the value almost 30% more than the value without it. The proposed structure has S value -26.9 dB at 11 the desired frequency of 26 GHz with a high directivity of 6.94 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel design for printed wide‐slot antennas based on shape blending is proposed for various wideband applications. The geometric form of the radiating patch is an essential wide‐slot antenna factor that determines antenna performance, particularly the impedance bandwidth. The basic form of the proposed antenna is a CPW‐fed wide‐slot antenna with a radiating patch constructed by blending circles and squares to form a hybrid shape. The resulting structures will have various bandwidths (BWs). The effects of key geometric parameters on the antenna BW have been investigated and discussed in detail. Antenna prototypes, of varying radiating patch shapes, were simulated, manufactured and measured to validate the inherent properties of the proposed designs. The measured results correspond with the simulation results. By appropriately selecting the shape of the radiating patch, a BW of 30.5%‐80.1% can be achieved for VSWRs less than 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, a new design of broadband circularly polarized (CP) array antenna is presented. A 2 × 2 planar array antenna is accomplished using the proposed CP diamond-shaped slot element with an L-shaped patch. The feed network employs a 180-degree rat-race hybrid coupler to realize a −3 dB power split, equal in magnitude, 180-degree difference in phase. Two branch-line couplers then divide the signal energy into two paths and give the signal to each of the output branches with the same amplitude, but phase-shifted by 90 degrees, wherein the relative phases at four feed points are 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees. The final dimensions of the 2 × 2 element array are 112 × 97 × 0.8 mm3. The simulated result shows that the impedance bandwidth for a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2 is around 39.86% (4.78-7.16 GHz), and the 3-dB simulated AR (axial ratio) bandwidth is about 24.2% (4.83-6.16 GHz), and the antenna has a peak gain of 7.69 dBi over the bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this paper, we propose the design of coplanar waveguide (CPW) ultra-wideband (UWB) dual notched band monopole antenna with a π-shaped slot and EBG is proposed. The designed antenna produces an impedance bandwidth of 2.7–11.7 GHz (VSWR < 2), except with 3.4 GHz (3.3–3.7 GHz) for S-band WiMAX application and 6.9 GHz (6.5–7.2 GHz) for C-band IEEE INSAT applications. Here, the lower and upper notches are realized by proposing a π-shaped slot on the radiating element and an electromagnetic bandgap structure as a resonator integrated on either side of the ground plane. Meanwhile, the impedance over a frequency range and current distribution are also plotted for the proposed design. The antenna prototype is fabricated and characterized experimentally for validation purpose. Fair matching is observed among the simulated and measured results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a series of compact and miniaturized UWB‐printed antennas with a controllable notch function are proposed. The CPW structure is adopted to feed the proposed antenna, where the overall dimension is as compact as 15 mm × 15 mm × 0.5 mm. From 2.8GHz to 12GHz, the antennas proposed have a superior performance with approximate 2:1 VSWR, except the rejection frequency band. In addition, the main feature of the proposed antennas are their controllable notch frequency, notch amplitude, and notch orders, which are determined by the size of the circular U‐shaped slit, the position of the connecting line, and the number of slits, respectively. Moreover, the measured results are in reasonably good with the simulated results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed ultra-wide band (UWB) multi input multi output (MIMO) antenna is proposed. The antenna consists of two antiparallel hexagonal ring monopole elements. Circular arcs shaped grounded stubs are used to enhance the isolation, both the arcs are connected through stub to make common ground. Tapering of the slots of CPW feed line at feed point, and grounded slots are introduced for impedance matching over UWB. The proposed antenna is fabricated and impedance bandwidth, isolation, radiation pattern, and gain are measured. Moreover, envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) results are given. Proposed antenna structure operates in the frequency range 3–12 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 120% keeping isolation better than 15 dB. The antenna has a compact size of 45 × 25 mm 2 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we present the design and analysis of compact coplanar waveguide-fed ultra wideband rectangular antennas. These proposed antennas exhibit very wide operating bandwidth (return loss ≤-10dB) which covers 3.2-15 GHz range, which means a relative bandwidth of 126% covering FCC defined UWB band with stable omnidirectional radiation patterns and important gain. The parameters of antennas have been investigated and optimized by using two electromagnetic solvers. A good agreement has been obtained between simulation and measurement results. These antennas are useful for UWB indoor applications, handheld and wireless communication requiring low profile antennas. The antennas achieved are low cost and easy to fabricate and integrate with RF circuit. The simulated and the experimental results are described and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A broadband and compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) coupled‐fed metasurface (MS)‐based antenna for C‐band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging application is proposed in this article, which is consisted of 16 uniform periodic square patches performed as radiators. The CPW feeding structure gives two following functions: (1) It excites an aperture coupling slot structure underneath the center of MS patch array. (2) It acts as a ground plane for the metasurface patch units. Different slots were investigated and eventually an hourglass‐shaped slot is applied to enhance bandwidth for imaging applications. A prototype with a dimension of 60 × 60 × 1.524 mm3 (1.1λ0 × 1.1λ0 × 0.03λ0) operating at the center frequency 5.5 GHz (f0) has been fabricated and measured to verify the design principle. This antenna has a measured impedance bandwidth of 12.4% from 5.14 to 5.82 GHz, a peak gain of 9.2 dBi and averaged gain of 7.2 dBi at broadside radiation. Microwave imaging experiments using the proposed antenna have been carried out and a good performance is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new coplanar‐waveguide (CPW) ‐fed circularly polarized (CP) printed monopole Antenna with a simply structure is presented. By utilizing an asymmetrical T‐shaped matching stub as feedline and nesting two strips of inverted‐L‐shaped and rectangle into both sides of the ground plane along the edge of the substrate, good impedance matching and CP radiation can be obtained. The proposed antenna is tested and its measured result is fairly identical with the simulated result. It exhibits that the impedance bandwidth for S11<−10 dB is as large as 115% (3.1–11.9 GHz) which can apply to the UWB communication. The 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidth (ARBW) reaches 62.6% from 3.4 GHz to 6.5 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a Coplanar Wave Guide (CPW)-Fed microstrip octagonal patch antenna for RFID Applications is proposed. The studied structure is suitable for 2.45/5.80 GHz applications. The octagonal shape is obtained by making triangular cuts in the four angles of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna; in addition the using of CPW-Fed allows obtaining UWB characteristics in the higher band. The miniaturization in the antenna size for lower band is achieved by introducing an inverted E slot in the radiating element. The proposed antenna is designed on a single and a small substrate board of dimensions 29.5×29.5×1.6 mm3. Moreover the miniaturized antenna has a good impedance matching and an enhanced gain. The simulation analysis was performed using the CADFEKO software, a Method of Moment (MoM) based solver, and a prototype of this antenna was fabricated, good agreement with the simulation providing validation of the design procedure. The measurements are done with ANRITSU MS2026C Vectorial Network Analyzer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and novel approach of size reduction of a slot antenna loaded with spiral ring resonator (SRR) on the patch surface is highlighted. The antenna resonates at 4.5 GHz when a half wavelength slot section is fed by the coplanar waveguide line. The fundamental resonant frequency is lowered by 2.05 GHz when the slot antenna is loaded with a pair of SRR at the end of the half wavelength slot section. The additional inductive and capacitive reactance of the resonator enables the patch to resonate at lower frequency (2.45 GHz). The proposed antenna structure reduces the resonant frequency with respect to the reference antenna (slot antenna without SRR) by 45.5%, causing the patch to almost reach an electrically small size. Finally, asymmetrical slot has been used and a wide band antenna of band width 900 MHz has been achieved. Despite the loaded patch touching the electrically small limit, the antenna needs no matching networks, offers high efficiency and exhibits a bandwidth better than the unperturbed patch. The radiation pattern is also seen to be unaffected by the presence of the SRR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a CPW-Fed microstrip octagonal patch antenna for WLAN and WIMAX Applications is proposed. The studied structure is suitable for 2.3/2.5/3.3/3.5/5/5.5GHz WIMAX and for 3.6/2.4-2.5/4.9-5.9GHz WLAN applications. The octagonal shape is obtained by cutting a small triangular part in the four angles of the rectangular microstrip patch antenna; in addition the using of CPW-Fed allows obtaining UWB characteristics. The miniaturization in the antenna size for lower band is achieved by introducing an H slot structure in the radiating element. The proposed antenna is designed on a single and a small substrate board of dimensions 46x40x1.6 mm3. Moreover the miniaturized antenna has a good impedance matching and a reasonable gain. All the simulations were performed by CADFEKO, a Method of Moment (MoM) based solver. The measurements were performed with ANRITSU MS2026C Vectorial Network Analyzer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the design of a new compact uniplanar coplanar waveguide-fed antenna for multiband wireless application is presented and investigated. This antenna has a compact size of 25 × 25 mm2 and consists of a three parallel stub optimized added on rectangular slot to the radiator patch and T-shaped which inverted in the ground plane. The final prototype antenna designing resonantes at frequency bands (2.4–2.9 GHz), (3.7–5.2 GHz), and (5.7–6 GHz) with a return loss less than −10 dB. Details of the antenna configuration, design, simulation, and experimental results are presented, investigated, and discussed. The compactness, simple feeding technique, and conception of the uniplanar design make it easy to be integrated within devices of multiples wireless applications. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A compact asymmetrically CPW-fed ladder- shaped UWB fractal antenna is presented. An impedance bandwidth of 4.56-13.1 GHz is achieved by using four iterations of H-shaped radiating element, modified feed line, asymmetrical feeding and slot loaded ground plane. Omnidirectional radiation patterns are achieved in H-plane at all frequency points in the operating frequency band. The bidirectional nature of E-plane patterns at lower frequencies is observed to be shifted to directional nature at higher frequencies. The designed antenna structure has an average gain of 2.84 dB with a constant group delay. The designed antenna structure is analyzed for three different substrate materials i.e. CNT, NiCoZnFeO and FR-4 epoxy. A good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results. This antenna structure has advantages of wider bandwidth and smaller dimensions over already reported ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A structure shaped substrate wideband microstrip patch antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) is proposed for wireless applications. Structure shaped substrate is produced by cutting the rectangle shape substrate in the form of a semicircular disc. The radiating patch of proposed antenna is taken in the form of Ushape. The ground plane is extended towards both sides of radiator for reducing the size of the antenna. The proposed antenna is simulated by Ansoft's High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). A good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results. The prototype is taken with dimensions 24 mm × 24 mm ×1.6 mm that achieves wide bandwidth, constant group delay and good radiation patterns over the entire operating bandwidth from 3.4 to 9.4 GHz (6.0 GHz) with 93.7% impedance bandwidth at 6.4 GHz center frequency. Thus, the proposed antenna is applicable for C band applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT A coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed ultra-wideband antenna is proposed for UWB applications. The proposed antenna consists of circular monopole with single complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) slot and reduced ground plane. The overall size of an antenna is 20 × 25 × 1.6 mm3. The prototype antenna is designed, fabricated and tested. It provides good return loss characteristics and radiation pattern. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidths are 1.06 GHz (3.9-4.96 GHz) and 4.5 GHz (6.7-11.2 GHz) with resonance frequencies at 4.4 and 9 GHz, respectively. An appropriate dimension of CSRR slot has been etched on patch to notch 5-6 GHz band to avoid interference with WLAN and WiMAX devices which is one of the crucial issues to be solved in UWB antenna. Parametric studies on width of ground plane and dimension of CSRR slot are done to investigate the effect of various geometrical values on antenna characteristics. The simulated and measured results of the antenna are in close agreement with each other which will confirm the applicability of the proposed antenna. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:745-749, 2017 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To restrict electromagnetic interference at WiMAX (3.3–3.7 GHz) and wireless local area network (WLAN) (5.15–5.825 GHz) bands operating within ultra wide bandwidth (UWB) band, a novel design of lamp-shaped UWB microstrip antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of a lamp-shaped radiating patch with two rectangular ground planes on both the sides of the radiator with the gap of 0.57 mm. To improve impedance mismatch at middle frequencies, two triangular strips one at each of the ground plane are added; whereas a rectangular slot is etched in the radiating patch to remove impedance mismatch at higher frequencies of the UWB band. Furthermore, an L-shaped slot in the radiator and two L-shaped slots in the ground plane are used to restrict electromagnetic interference (EMI) at WiMAX and WLAN bands, respectively, without affecting the electrical performance of the UWB antenna. Effects of the key parameters on the frequency range of the notched bands are also investigated. The proposed design shows a measured impedance bandwidth of 12.5 GHz (2.7–14.4 GHz), with the two band-notched bands of 3.0–3.9 and 4.9–5.8 GHz. The antenna is suitable to be integrated within the portable UWB devices without EMI interference at WiMAX and WLAN bands. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ABSTRACT This letter presents metamaterial (MTM) based dual band antenna. Two resonances are obtained by making use of square ELC (Electric-inductive-capacitive) resonator and CR (Closed Ring) resonator. This research evolves an antenna having dimension only of 21 × 30 × 1.6 mm3 which operates at two bands from 3.28 GHz to 4.52 GHz and from 5.20 GHz to 5.87 GHz. This antenna can be useful for WiMAX and WLAN transceiver at 3.5 GHz and 5 GHz band respectively. It can also be used in RFID applications at 3.9 GHz band. This paper includes the parametric investigations as well as measurement details. Simulation and measurement data have shown good equivalence which emphasis the practicability of the proposed antenna. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:304-307, 2017 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT A compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for indoor ultrawideband (UWB) applications is presented. The overall size of the antenna is 31 × 43 mm2. To increase the isolation factor, the common ground plane (CGP) is reinforced with a set of corrugations and frills and the outer ground plane of the first port is self-coupled. The radiators are designed perpendicular to each other in order to improve the pattern diversity. The measured results show the antenna operates at frequency range 3.9-8.1 GHz. The mutual coupling of less than −15 dB in almost all over the bandwidth, achieving a −31 dB at 5.4 GHz, proposes it as a good candidate for UWB applications in indoor systems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2387-2393, 2016 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The narrow bandwidth of microstrip antennas is one of the most important features that restrict its wide usage. This paper presents a new coplanar waveguide-fed compact rectangular microstrip antenna with the improvement of the bandwidth using the slot geometry and cutting rectangular periodic edges for the patch radiator. To develop this structure, we have conducted many optimization and investigation using Momentum Software integrated into ADS “Advanced Design System” and comparison of the results with CST Microwave Studio. The comparison between the simulation and measurement results permits to validate the final achieved antenna with an improvement of the bandwidth. This antenna has wide matching input impedance ranging from 1.7 to 3.5 GHz with a return loss less than −10 dB, corresponding to bandwidth 69.7% at 2.6 GHz as a frequency center. The antenna achieved is a low cost, planar, and easy to be fabricated, thus promising for multiple applications in wireless communication systems. Details of the proposed antenna design and both simulated and experimental results are described and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A compact CPW-fed printed monopole slot antenna is presented for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The antenna comprises of a dome-shaped radiating element in which embedded is an open-loop inverted triangular-shaped slot (TSS). The antenna is fed through a coplanar waveguide to provide an ultra-wide impedance bandwidth of 8.95 GHz (2.58–11.53 GHz) which corresponds to a bandwidth ratio of 1:4.46 for VSWR <2. The antenna possesses a notch band functionality to filter out interfering C-band signals like wireless local-area network (WLAN). The notch band frequency is determined by physical parameters defining the TSS that allows fine control of the notch's location. The proposed antenna also possesses a flat gain response expect at the notched band and occupies a relatively small volume of 25 × 25 × 0.8 mm3 for ease of system integration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]