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1. VESIcal: 2. A Critical Approach to Volatile Solubility Modeling Using an Open‐Source Python3 Engine

Author

P. E. Wieser, K. Iacovino, S. Matthews, G. Moore, and C. M. Allison

Subjects
igneous petrology, volatile solubility, melt inclusions, open‐source, Python3, magmatic systems, Astronomy, QB1-991, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Abstract Accurate models of H2O and CO2 solubility in silicate melts are vital for understanding volcanic plumbing systems. These models are used to estimate the depths of magma storage regions from melt inclusion volatile contents, investigate the role of volatile exsolution as a driver of volcanic eruptions, and track the degassing path followed by a magma ascending to the surface. However, despite the large increase in the number of experimental constraints over the last two decades, many recent studies still utilize an earlier generation of models which were calibrated on experimental datasets with restricted compositional ranges. This may be because many of the available tools for more recent models require large numbers of input parameters to be hand‐typed (e.g., temperature, concentrations of H2O, CO2, and 8–14 oxides), making them difficult to implement on large datasets. Here, we use a new open‐source Python3 tool, VESIcal, to critically evaluate the behaviors and sensitivities of different solubility models for a range of melt compositions. Using literature datasets of andesitic‐dacitic experimental products and melt inclusions as case studies, we illustrate the importance of evaluating the calibration dataset of each model. Finally, we highlight the limitations of particular data presentation methods, such as isobar diagrams, and provide suggestions for alternatives, and best practices regarding the presentation and archiving of data. This review will aid the selection of the most applicable solubility model for different melt compositions, and identifies areas where additional experimental constraints on volatile solubility are required.

Published
2022
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2. Preliminary Assessment of the Possible BWR Core/Vessel Damage States for Fukushima Daiichi Station Blackout Scenarios Using RELAP/SCDAPSIM

Author

C. M. Allison, J. K. Hohorst, B. S. Allison, D. Konjarek, T. Bajs, R. Pericas, F. Reventos, and R. Lopez

Subjects
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

Immediately after the accident at Fukushima Daiichi, Innovative Systems Software and other members of the international SCDAP Development and Training Program started an assessment of the possible core/vessel damage states of the Fukushima Daiichi Units 1–3. The assessment included a brief review of relevant severe accident experiments and a series of detailed calculations using RELAP/SCDAPSIM. The calculations used a detailed RELAP/SCDAPSIM model of the Laguna Verde BWR vessel and related reactor cooling systems. The Laguna Verde models were provided by the Comision Nacional de Seguridad Nuclear y Salvaguardias, the Mexican nuclear regulatory authority. The initial assessment was originally presented to the International Atomic Energy Agency on March 21 to support their emergency response team and later to our Japanese members to support their Fukushima Daiichi specific analysis and model development.

Published
2012
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3. Role of RELAP/SCDAPSIM in Nuclear Safety

Author

C. M. Allison and J. K. Hohorst

Subjects
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

The RELAP/SCDAPSIM code, designed to predict the behaviour of reactor systems during normal and accident conditions, is being developed as part of the international SCDAP Development and Training Program (SDTP). SDTP consists of nearly 60 organizations in 28 countries supporting the development of technology, software, and training materials for the nuclear industry. The program members and licensed software users include universities, research organizations, regulatory organizations, vendors, and utilities located in Europe, Asia, Latin America, and the United States. Innovative Systems Software (ISS) is the administrator for the program. RELAP/SCDAPSIM is used by program members and licensed users to support a variety of activities. The paper provides a brief review of some of the more important activities including the analysis of research reactors and Nuclear Power Plants, design and analysis of experiments, and training.

Published
2010
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4. Silicate melt inclusions in the new millennium: A review of recommended practices for preparation, analysis, and data presentation

Author

M. E. Newcombe, D. J. Rasmussen, Alexander R. L. Nichols, Matthew Jones, Oded Navon, Graham D. Layne, M. Myers, Horst R. Marschall, C. M. Allison, A. Lorenzo-Merino, K. Shimizu, Federica Schiavi, Mark D. Kurz, A. Daly, Ping-Ping Liu, A. Barth, Margaret E. Hartley, Nivea Magalhães, Yuxu Zhang, Roger L. Nielsen, Terry Plank, Janne M. Koornneef, Alexander A. Iveson, K.-Y. Lin, M. Laubier, T. Zhou, Charlotte L. DeVitre, Jordan Tucker, Glenn A. Gaetani, Yves Moussallam, M. Gaborieau, Masataka Kawaguchi, N. Luciani, Nobumichi Shimizu, Ayla S. Pamukcu, T. Kagoshima, Elizabeth Cottrell, A. Castillejo, J. Andrys, Robert J. Bodnar, Ery C. Hughes, B. Chilson-Parks, D. Butters, J. Roberge, M. Cole, Anne-Sophie Bouvier, M. Muth, Yaron Katzir, Emma Gatti, B.R. Choudhary, Felix S. Genske, Diego Narváez, A. H. Lerner, Mélissa J. Drignon, Jay B. Thomas, C. Waelkens, L. Moore, G. T. Thompson, Gokce Ustunisik, Tatsuhiko Kawamoto, B. D. Monteleone, E Johnson, A.J.J. Bracco Gartner, Katherine A. Kelley, Michael O. Garcia, D. M. Schwartz, Nicolas Cluzel, Paul J. Wallace, C.A. Angeles de la Torre, Leonid V. Danyushevsky, Estelle Rose-Koga, Peter J. Michael, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des sciences de la terre [Lausanne] (ISTE), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Department of Earth Sciences [Eugene OR], University of Oregon [Eugene], Cornell University [New York], Graduate School of Oceanography [Narragansett], University of Rhode Island (URI), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Department of Geosciences [Blacksburg], Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Brown University, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Connecticut (UCONN), New Mexico State University, Smithsonian Institution, School of Earth Sciences [Hobart], University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Corvallis] (CEOAS), Oregon State University (OSU), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geology and Geophysics [Mānoa], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Manchester [Manchester], Department of Earth Sciences [Durham], Durham University, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Kumamoto University, University of Shizuoka, Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], University of Delaware [Newark], School of Earth and Space Sciences [Beijing], Peking University [Beijing], Instituto de Geofisica [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, University of Toronto, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, University of Tulsa, Department of Earth Sciences [MSU Bozeman], Montana State University (MSU), Departamento de Geologia [Quito], Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (SDSM&T), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Boise State University, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Syracuse University, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), China University of Petroleum, ANR-10-LABX-0006,CLERVOLC,Clermont-Ferrand centre for research on volcanism(2010), ANR-16-IDEX-0001,CAP 20-25,CAP 20-25(2016), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Carnegie Institution for Science, and Geology and Geochemistry

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Library science, Geology, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, In situ analysis, Data presentation, Inclusion (mineral), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Melt inclusions
Abstract

Mineral-hosted melt inclusions have become an important source of information on magmatic processes. As the number of melt inclusion studies increases, so does the need to establish recommended practice guidelines for collecting and reporting melt inclusion data. These guidelines are intended to ensure certain quality criteria are met and to achieve consistency among published melt inclusion data in order to maximize their utility in the future. Indeed, with the improvement of analytical techniques, new processes affecting melt inclusions are identified. It is thus critical to be able to reprocess any previously published data, such that reporting the raw data is one of the first “recommended practices” for authors and a publication-criteria that reviewers should be sensitive to. Our guidelines start with melt inclusion selection, which is a critical first step, and then continue on to melt inclusion preparation and analysis, covering the entire field of methods applicable to melt inclusions. Dedication In March of 2000, a melt inclusion workshop was held at the Chateau de Sassenage in Grenoble and a companion issue of Chemical Geology entitled “Melt Inclusions at the Millennium” was published. Erik Hauri was heavily involved with the meeting and contributed two landmark papers to the topical issue of Chemical Geology on the use of secondary ion mass spectrometry to analyze volatiles in melt inclusions. When the melt inclusion community re-convened at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in August of 2018, we were saddened that Erik was unable to join us due to his failing health. Less than a month later came the devastating news of his passing at only 52 years of age. In recognition of his incredible contributions to science in general and to the in situ analysis of melt inclusions in particular, the participants and organizers of the WHOI melt inclusion workshop dedicate this collegial paper to Erik Hauri, our colleague, mentor and friend. Thank you Erik.

Published
2021
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6. Subplinian monogenetic basaltic eruption of Sunset Crater, Arizona, USA

Author

Michael H. Ort, C. M. Allison, Sarah L. Hanson, Laura Pioli, Amanda Clarke, Robert Amos, Stephen Self, F. Alfano, and Kurt Roggensack

Subjects
Cinder cone, geography, Volcanic hazards, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lava, Geochemistry, Geology, Volcanic explosivity index, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Dense-rock equivalent, Volcano, Magma, ddc:550, Tephra, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Sunset Crater volcano, located ~25 km northeast of downtown Flagstaff (Arizona, USA) in the San Francisco volcanic field, represents an interesting case of highly explosive monogenetic volcanism. Sunset Crater is a young (ca. 1085 CE) scoria cone, ~290 m high, that produced 0.52 km3 dense rock equivalent (DRE) of basaltic magma (0.16, 0.12, and 0.24 km3 DRE for the scoria cone, lava flows, and tephra deposit, respectively). The activity developed in three distinct phases: an initial fissure phase, followed by a highly explosive phase, and a final low-explosivity waning phase. The first phase was characterized by the opening of a 10-kmlong fissure, which produced the Gyp Crater spatter mounds and the Vent 512 lava flow ~10 km SE of the main scoria cone, followed by lava fountaining activity that produced the first tephra layer (unit 1, 0.01 km3 DRE). During the second highly explosive phase, the activity migrated to the northwest to evolve into a single-vent eruption, which formed the main scoria cone. The central vent activity was initially characterized by variable eruptive styles, which started the process of cone building, including deposition of a second tephra layer (unit 2, 0.01 km3 DRE), and the effusion of the two main lava flows (Bonito and Kana’a). Following the initiation of effusive activity, the eruption increased in explosivity to produce three subplinian tephra layers from the central vent (units 3, 4, and 5), which emitted more than 0.22 km3 DRE of basalt, with associated eruption columns >20 km high. By the end of this phase, the Kana’a lava flow was almost completely emplaced, but the Bonito flow continued to grow, forming a 3-km-diameter flow field. A final waning phase produced several tephra units, commonly discontinuous and reworked, with

Published
2018

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