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1. The tracking calorimeter and muon detectors of the H1 experiment at Hera

Author: L. N. Shtarkov, A. Panitch, G. Tappern, R. Nisius, Armen Vartapetian, P. S. Flower, R. Bernet, D. White, K. C. Hoeger, B. Morgan, H. Bergstein, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, U. Bassler, J. Žáček, A. B. Lodge, P. Jovanovic, F. Linsel, J. P Dewulf, H. Novakova, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, J. R. Smith, R. Herma, S. Schiek, H. Duhm, V. Milone, E. Gažo, J. Mock, Tim Greenshaw, A. Sirous, N.H. Cunliffe, F. Blouzon, Vincent Hedberg, G. Knies, A. Wegner, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, Emmanuel Monnier, C. Jacobsson, L. R. West, S. Kermiche, Michael Schulz, J. M. Foster, P. Štefan, J-P. Meyer, W. von Schlippe, Leif J. Jönsson, E. Deffur, M. Lemler, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, Vladimir Andreev, J. Heatherington, H. Ziaeepour, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, T. Merz, M. Ibbotson, J. Duboc, B. Stella, D. Hammer, S. Kasarian, Leith Godfrey, P. Ribarics, V. Nagovizin, A. W. E. Dann, L. Laptin, S. Mani, R. Felst, J. Haack, G. Martin, S. Levonian, K. Stephens, H. P. Beck, J.M. Morton, P. Kostka, H. Greif, R. Eichler, I. O. Skillicorn, J.P. Lottin, H. Lohmander, Derek L. G. Hill, V. Efremenko, S. Eichenberger, H. B. Dreis, J. P. Kubenka, U. Gensch, J. H. Köhne, J. Huber, R. Kaschowitz, R. Bernier, D. Newton, K. Zuber, A. Lebedev, Stephen Burke, M. Eberle, J. Staeck, E. Peppel, D. Handschuh, M. Wagener, W. Hildesheim, J. Ferencei, Roland Horisberger, M. Colombo, M. Rietz, S. Aid, K. Flamm, D. Imbault, M. David, Murrough Landon, R.L. Chase, A. E. Wright, H. Krehbiel, A. Valkárová, A. Mavroidis, G. Kemmerling, V. Tchudakov, G. W. Noyes, G. Siegmon, A. Pieuchot, S. Mikocki, M. Seman, K. Rüter, S. Riess, F. Zomer, A. M. Goodall, H. T. Blume, F. Charles, R. Beyer, L. Del Buono, I. Sheviakov, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, U. Dretzler, K. Hangarter, U. Kathage, E. Eisenhandler, D. Haidt, D. Breton, J. Moreels, J. Cvach, K. Thiele, C. Niebuhr, C. Gregory, S. Egli, P. Lanius, K. Gadow, A. Reboux, P. I. P. Kalmus, B. Laforge, Mikhail Danilov, D. Lewin, H. Steiner, Th. Wolff, R. Roosen, D. Kant, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, Zhen Zhang, Y. Soloviev, H. Itterbeck, S. Peters, P. Van Mechelen, M. Charlet, M. Rudowicz, G. Heinzelmann, P E. Hatton, I. Abt, F. Ould-Saada, G. Buschhorn, H. I. Cronström, Z.Y. Feng, U. Lenhardt, U. Harder, V. Tchernyshov, H.-J. Küsel, P. Hill, Steve McMahon, Kerstin Borras, U. Krüger, J.F. Huppert, M. Kolander, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, E. Gabathuler, J. David, J. Bán, F. Descamps, M. Fleischer, T. R. Ebert, A. Semenov, H. Shooshtari, A. Jacholkowska, J. Martyniak, S. Dagoret, C. A. Meyer, R. J. Thompson, Yves Sirois, H. U. Martyn, A. Busata, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, U. Seehausen, T. P. Yiou, U. Krüner-Marquis, M. Vecko, J. C. Biasci, I. W. Walker, I. R. Kenyon, T. Novák, D. Mercer, F. Sefkow, H. Spitzer, A. Gruber, H. Küster, G. Kantel, N. Lugetski, G. Bertrand-Coremans, M. C. Cousinou, K. Johannsen, M. Urban, V I. Shekelyan, R. Haydar, B. Fominykh, A. Leuschner, Christoph Grab, Nicolas Ellis, A. Rudge, P. Fuhrmann, J. Lipinski, C. Zeitnitz, E. Wünsch, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, A. Nepeipivo, Christophe Royon, M. Korn, K. Ludwig, B. Liss, G. Falley, S. Masson, E. Barrelet, Dave Sankey, P. Burmeister, P. Dingus, F. Krivan, A. Usik, Ch. Ley, J. Feltesse, L. Criegee, G. Franke, A. De Roeck, F. Brasse, L. Goerlich, D. Gillespie, Richard E. Taylor, Michel Devel, B. Naroska, T. Jansen, Emmanuelle Perez, Winston Ko, G. Weber, Björn Lundberg, P. Hartz, V. Masbender, M. Kubantsev, J.F. Connolly, Max Klein, R. J. Ellison, L. Urban, U. Straumann, F. Dupont, C. Pascaud, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, R. von Staa, S. Rusakov, L. Van Lancker, Dusan Bruncko, P. Nayman, W. Pimpl, Ch. Berger, F. Ferrarotto, H. Henschel, A. Gellrich, U. Berthon, F. Lamarche, T. Kurča, G. Rädel, J. Schütt, A. Drescher, N. Magnussen, Guenter Eckerlin, R. Vick, D.P. Johnson, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, P. Jean, L. Gosset, H. Genzel, W. Fröchtenicht, S. A. Murray, W. Bartel, B. Koppitz, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, J. Formánek, N. Sahlmann, E. Schuhmann, H. Brettel, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, C. Beigbeder, Ph. Huet, K. Tröger, C. Trenkel, G. Reinmuth, Wolfgang Scobel, D. Darvill, P. Biddulph, P. Binko, R. Ebbinghaus, J. Koch, L. Büngener, Ch. Pichler, D. Bederede, J. Martens, H. Laskus, M. Flieser, Kaori Maeshima, F. Kole, Martin Erdmann, Eckhart Fretwurst, J. Stier, J. V. Morris, D. A. Cragg, D. Newman-Coburn, Hermann Kolanoski, Jan Godlewski, M. A. Jabiol, G. Villet, S. Schleif, U. Obrock, J. Marks, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, Pierre Marage, G. Schmidt, Y. Vazdik, D. Clarke, G. A. Beck, J. Garvey, F. W. Büsser, R B. Hopes, John A Coughlan, A. Coville, R. C. W. Henderson, U. Cornett, C. Vallée, Elzbieta Banas, Rosario Martín, P. Goritchev, A. Epifantsev, H. Quehl, A. M. Fomenko, U. Pein, K. Gamerdinger, Horst Oberlack, Vladimir Rusinov, L. Smolik, H. K. Nguyen, I. Herynek, P. Perrodo, Pavel Shatalov, W. Tribanek, J. Tutas, R. D. Appuhn, W. Braunschweig, M. Forbush, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, A. Schwind, R. Sell, S. Tapprogge, W.D. Dau, M. Vanderkelen, D. Lüers, J. D. Burger, Petr Zavada, P. Weissbach, E. Elsen, R. Prosi, Pavel Murin, V. Brisson, H. Grässler, Pavel Staroba, C. Arnault, B. Dulny, A. Courau, J. B. Dainton, C. Paulot, J. Spalek, I. Tichomirov, L.A. Womersley, Claire Bourdarios, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, Stephen Maxfield, J L. Mills, P. Verrecchia, P. Škvařil, C R. Hedgecock, D. Neyret, N. Huot, U. Siewert, R. L. Lander, H. Bärwolff, J. Stiewe, S. Palanque, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, J. Fent, M. Gennis, B W H. Edwards, V. Schröder, G. Van Beek, A. B. Clegg, Andrew Mehta, J. Riedlberger, H. H. Kaufmann, N. Gogitidze, M. Zimmer, C. Gruber, A. Patoux, M. Nyberg, J. Harjes, S. M. Robertson, A. Walther, W. Flauger, Jean-Francois Laporte, Laurent Favart, Z. Szkutnik, J. Turnau, M. Ruffer, G. Ernst, S. Orenstein, W. Zimmermann, B E. Wyborn, M. Steenbock, I. Giesgen, C. Dollfus, R. Bernard, P. Pailler, J. Ebert, B. Andrieu, A. Strowbridge, H. Hufnagel, Daniel Pitzl, K. Geske, J. Koll, Frank Raupach, K. Finke, S. Günther, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, N. Wulff, A. Perus, Ulrich Goerlach, P. Kasselmann, E. Evrard, Peter Loch, J. Gayler, C.D. Hilton, U. Buchner, G. Lindström, M. Turiot, A. Porrovecchio, B. Delcourt, U. Stösslein, M. Grewe, B. Montes, C. Leverenz, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, O. Hamon, V. Bidoli, P. Baranov, D.E. Baynham, V. Commichau, G. Cozzika, Peter Schleper, P. Röpnack, F. Eisele, A. Lindner, J. Janoth, Marc Besancon, A.S. Belousov, J.P. Phillips, Stefan Valkar, P. Truöl, F. Basti, H T. Phillips, Volker Blobel, C. Keuker, Hannes Jung, D. Schmidt, K. Rosenbauer, M. Haguenauer, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, Rudolf Langkau, W. Schmitz, M. Savitski, E. Vogel, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, Anton Babaev, C. Thiebaux, A. Ducorps, J. Strachota, Jean Sacton, G. Thompson, A. Cyz, H. Riege, D. Düllmann, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, Peter Robmann, J. Šťastný, V. Riech, O. Dünger, M. Hapke, R. Gerhards, P. E. Reimer, Alan Campbell, E. M. Hanlon, J. Jeanjean, G. G. Winter, G. Grindhammer, P. Steffen, Jolanta Olszowska, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, T. Carli, K. Rauschnabel, Wolfgang Lange, E. Binder, E. Sanchez, D. Sole, S. Prell, I F. Fensome, S. Reinshagen, C. Kiesling, T. Kobler, R J. Day, K. Djiki, T. Külper, S. Karstensen, N. Schirm, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, W. Glasgow, Wolfram Erdmann, T. Ahmed, J. Meissner, D. Feeken, J.Y. Parey, S. Willard, H. Schmücker, M. Winde, J. P. Pharabod, L. Johnson, J.M. Baze, F. Martin, V. Lubimov, A. Hrisoho, Kerec, Hélène, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille ( CPPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Elementary Particle Physics, and Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Calorimeter (particle physics), [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, HERA, Tracking (particle physics), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Storage ring, Muon detector
Abstract: Technical aspects of the three major components of the H1 detector at the electron-proton storage ring HERA are described. This paper covers the detector status up to the end of 1994 when a major upgrading of some of its elements was undertaken. A description of the other elements of the detector and some performance figures from luminosity runs at HERA during 1993 and 1994 are given in a paper previously published in this journal.
Published: 1997

2. Leptoquarks and Compositeness Scales from a Contact Interaction Analysis of Deep Inelastic $e^\pm \, p$ Scattering at HERA

Author: J. Feltesse, S. Levonian, M. Wagener, M. Korn, K. Flamm, J. Žáček, R. Buchholz, R. M. Martin, David Milstead, G. Weber, U. Straumann, A. Meyer, P. A. Smirnov, Steve McMahon, P. I. P. Kalmus, J. Riedlberger, S. Mani, H. P. Beck, A. Braemer, V. Korbel, J. Martens, Th. Naumann, K. Rosenbauer, Stephen Burke, Gianfranco Sciacca, Murrough Landon, Armen Vartapetian, M. Oakden, H. Duhm, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, J. Janoth, A. E. Wright, F. Kole, Dusan Bruncko, U. Stößlein, F. Linsel, J. Heatherington, J. Garvey, F. Zomer, D. Newton, S. M. Robertson, P. Lanius, Markus Seidel, A. Glazov, V. Tchernyshov, E. Gabathuler, B. Naroska, F. Ferrarotto, Daniel Pitzl, A. Rostovtsev, H. Meyer, S. Kermiche, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, L. Del Buono, A. M. Fomenko, H. Genzel, Volker Blobel, V. Andreev, G. Thompson, V.L. Hudgson, V. Lubimov, Stephen Maxfield, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, M. Hütte, S. K. Kotelnikov, A. Droutskoi, C. Keuker, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, M. Forbush, T. Greenshaw, L. Hajduk, M. J. Burton, J.P. Phillips, M. David, Klaus Rabbertz, V. Riech, S. Reinshagen, S. Tapprogge, H. Ehrlichmann, D. Düllmann, L. R. West, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, R. Maraček, L. N. Shtarkov, Benno List, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, H. Itterbeck, W. von Schlippe, J. Stiewe, P. Van Mechelen, H. Henschel, S. Spielman, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, Yves Sirois, I. R. Kenyon, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, S. Eichenberger, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, A. Panitch, T. Merz, M. Hapke, F. Lehner, D. Lüke, H. Spitzer, Christophe Royon, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, C. Jacobsson, P. Van Esch, M. Arpagaus, E. Wünsch, V. Efremenko, Dave Sankey, Claus Kleinwort, Barbara Clerbaux, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, J. Lipinski, J. Bähr, Winston Ko, P. Baranov, G. Franke, N. Gogitidze, C. Pascaud, Peter Schleper, E. Evrard, K. Rüter, C. Niebuhr, W. Hildesheim, A. Courau, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, T. Krämerkämper, Jean-Arcady Meyer, C. A. Meyer, G. D. Patel, Guenter Eckerlin, André Schöning, M. Flieser, R. Gerhards, S. Mikocki, S. Willard, Marc Besancon, D. Goldner, J. Stier, Y. Soloviev, J. W. Lomas, A. Gruber, A. Migliori, G. Martin, I. Sheviakov, J. M. Link, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, David Schmidt, B. Delcourt, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, P. Truöl, U. Krüger, Daniel Johnson, R. Nisius, A. Gellrich, R. Roosen, P. E. Reimer, C. Cormack, C. Leverenz, G. Bertrand-Coremans, K. Daum, M. Winde, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, P. Goritchev, P. Uelkes, J. Martyniak, L. Johnson, S. Dagoret, F. Lamarche, O. Hamon, L. Goerlich, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, Anton Babaev, G. G. Winter, M. Nyberg-Werther, B. Fominykh, M. Charlet, P. Loch, K. Rybicki, L. Criegee, C. Thiebaux, J. Ebert, J. Spiekermann, V. Solochenko, U. Kathage, R. Starosta, G. Cozzika, J. Strachota, T. R. Ebert, R. Bernet, Christoph Grab, H. E. Roloff, F. Eisele, V. Brisson, Yong Ban, N. Magnussen, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, Wolfram Erdmann, Eram Rizvi, G. Heinzelmann, M. Fleischer, Emmanuelle Perez, G. Lobo, J. Formánek, Stefan Valkar, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, F. Sefkow, J. R. Smith, E. Eisenhandler, P. Verrecchia, P. Steffen, Ch. Ley, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, M. zurNedden, N. Sahlmann, E. Schuhmann, Eckhart Fretwurst, H. Küster, Hannes Jung, D. Neyret, T. Mavroidis, D. Vandenplas, Alexander Zhokin, Leif J. Jönsson, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, G. Knies, Horst Oberlack, A. Wagener, S. Schiek, P. Biddulph, V. Schröder, R. Nahnhauer, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, C. Kiesling, A. De Roeck, A. J. Campbell, B. Schwab, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, M. Ibbotson, H. Lohmander, A. Wegner, M. A. Jabiol, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, J. Duboc, B. Stella, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, P. Bispham, T. Kurča, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, U. Bassler, Martin Erdmann, C. Wittek, L. Büngener, H. Hufnagel, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, J. M. Foster, Max Weber, D. Feeken, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Nagovizin, I. Herynek, S. Aid, R. Barschke, U. Obrock, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, P. Ribarics, R. Felst, K. Zuber, R. Eichler, J. Haack, Laurent Favart, T. Carli, G. W. Noyes, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, C. Dollfus, G. Müller, F. Niebergall, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, F. Rouse, D. Mercer, Ulrich Goerlach, R. Marshall, S. Masson, Dirk Krücker, H. Krehbiel, Zhen Zhang, G. Buschhorn, D. Ozerov, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, A. Usik, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, A. Walther, F. W. Büsser, W. Zimmermann, W. Braunschweig, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, U. Siewert, U. Krüner-Marquis, M. Zimmer, Jean-Francois Laporte, Frank Raupach, N. Wulff, P. Kasselmann, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, R. Prosi, C. Vallée, M. Höppner, K. Stolze, S. Prell, R. D. Appuhn, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, G. Siegmon, R. L. Lander, R. Kaschowitz, J. H. Köhne, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, R. Beyer, S. Riess, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, A. Jacholkowska, P. Hill, J. Bán, G. Grindhammer, S. D. Kolya, D. Kant, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, F. Brasse, T. Jansen, F. Charles, J. Katzy, H. Rick, G. Rädel, M. F. Hess, P. Kostka, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, R. J. Ellison, Ph. Huet, J. Turnau, Ch. Pichler, S. Schleif, M. Steenbock, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, B. Andrieu, Wolfgang Lange, J. Gayler, Peter Robmann, O. Dünger, and F. Botterweck
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Scattering, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Form factor (quantum field theory), FOS: Physical sciences, HERA, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: A contact interaction analysis is presented to search for new phenomena beyond the Standard Model in deep inelastic $e^\pm p \rightarrow e^\pm \, hadrons$ scattering. The data are collected with the H1 detector at HERA and correspond to integrated luminosities of $0.909 \ {\rm pb}^{-1}$ and $2.947 \ {\rm pb}^{-1}$ for electron and positron beams, respectively. The differential cross sections $d\sigma / dQ^2$ are measured in the $Q^2$ range bet\-ween $160 \ \GeV^2$ and $20,000 \ \GeV^2$. The absence of any significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is used to constrain the couplings and masses of new leptoquarks and to set limits on electron--quark compositeness scales and on the radius of light quarks., Comment: 16 pages, latex, 2 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995

3. Determination of the strong coupling constant from jet rates in deep inelastic scattering

Author: E. Evrard, F. Kole, T. P. Yiou, U. Bassler, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, P. Ribarics, Armen Vartapetian, J. Garvey, B. Delcourt, R. Felst, A. M. Fomenko, M. Colombo, C. Leverenz, S. Tapprogge, A. Droutskoi, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, R. L. Lander, Peter Robmann, Murrough Landon, A. E. Wright, C. A. Meyer, K. H. Hiller, H. U. Martyn, L. Del Buono, M. Htte, C. Vallée, A. Gruber, S. Eichenberger, R. Nahnhauer, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, P. E. Reimer, C. Cormack, Alan Campbell, N. Magnussen, R. D. Appuhn, N. Sahlmann, E. Schuhmann, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, M. A. Jabiol, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, H. Erlichmann, E. M. Hanlon, C. Niebuhr, S. Aid, G. G. Winter, K. Mller, M. Kuhlen, F. Botterweck, A. Mavroidis, F. Charles, E. Eisenhandler, S. Egli, T. Jansen, G. Grindhammer, M. Nyberg-Werther, P. Steffen, U. Krner-Marquis, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, D. Goldner, D. Krcker, M. F. Hess, E. Prez, J. Kurzhfer, R. Taylor, E. Snchez, I. Herynek, J.P. Phillips, S. Mani, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, O. Hamon, V. Schrder, H. Rick, M. Vecko, C. Gruber, H. Grssler, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, J. Turnau, M. Korn, R. Starosta, Stephen Maxfield, Hannes Jung, Steve McMahon, S. Levonian, A. Gellrich, D. Mercer, M. Steenbock, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, C. Jacobsson, I. W. Walker, K. Daum, D. Zarbock, Alexander Zhokin, H. P. Wellisch, Ph. Huet, Max Weber, R. J. Ellison, G. Mller, Christoph Grab, Ch. Pichler, S. Prell, G. Weber, U. Straumann, F. Lamarche, M. Wagener, S. Masson, U. Seehausen, F. Sefkow, T. Carli, B. Andrieu, J. Stiewe, A. Lindner, J. Janoth, M. Burton, G. Knies, P. Trul, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, K. Rosenbauer, K. Flamm, V. Chernyshov, M. Hppner, S. Schiek, G. Flgge, Andrew Mehta, D. Kant, J. Feltesse, T. R. Ebert, F. Linsel, Hermann Kolanoski, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, G. Siegmon, R. Kaschowitz, K. Johannsen, P. Verrecchia, Christophe Royon, O. Dnger, D. Clarke, Tim Greenshaw, Roland Horisberger, F. Zomer, A. Fedotov, M. Jaffré, Volker Blobel, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, N. Gogitidze, J. Haack, C. Keuker, Zhen Zhang, J. Heatherington, H. H. Kaufmann, S. Riess, G. Thompson, R. Beyer, K. Rter, U. Kathage, John A Coughlan, Max Klein, Horst Oberlack, V. Riech, D. Newton, F. Moreau, S. Valkr, P. Baranov, E. Malinovskii, B. Naroska, P. I. P. Kalmus, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, Peter Schleper, J. Buerger, J. D. Dowell, G C. Lpez, Yu. Solovev, J. Formnek, E. Gabathuler, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, Winston Ko, M. Hapke, F. Brasse, F W. Bsser, P. Hill, J. Bán, B. Stella, J. Khne, T. Krmerkmper, R. Buchholz, Daniel Pitzl, A. Jacholkowska, C. Pascaud, B. Schwab, A. Braemer, V. Lubimov, E. Wnsch, P. Lanius, E. Mroczko, Guenter Eckerlin, V. Brisson, Wolfgang Lange, Marc Besancon, David Milstead, Benno List, A.S. Belousov, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, Barbara Clerbaux, Mikhail Danilov, Judith Katzy, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, M. Goldberg, Markus Seidel, A. De Roeck, R. Gerhards, S. K. Kotelnikov, J. Ebert, L. Hajduk, H. Henschel, R. C. W. Henderson, Laurent Favart, R. Roosen, L. N. Shtarkov, J. Martyniak, J. Tutas, A. Panitch, C. Dollfus, F. Rouse, L. Jnsson, R. Prosi, J. Hladky, Ch. Ley, J. Riedlberger, Ulrich Goerlach, T. Kurča, S. M. Robertson, A. Usik, H. Bergstein, B. Fominykh, Yves Sirois, Peter Loch, Wolfram Erdmann, D. Schmidt, T. Khler, R. D. Martin, A. Wegner, Didier Lacour, A. Wagener, Eckhart Fretwurst, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, Peter Schacht, U. Stsslein, G. Pope, H. Duhm, J. Lipinski, G. Franke, G. Villet, J. E. Olsson, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, T. Ahmed, Pierre Marage, Anton Babaev, C. Thiebaux, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, W. Bartel, J. Strachota, R. Grssler, H. Hufnagel, J. M. Foster, E. Deffur, M. Savitsky, K. Zuber, P. Goritchev, P. Kostka, a A. Akhundov, V L. Hudgson, A. Courau, S. Kermiche, E. Panaro, J. Cvach, D. Dllmann, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, R. Bernet, K. Gamerdinger, J. Duboc, D. Neyret, W. Braunschweig, M. David, R. Eichler, H. E. Roloff, R. Sell, J. P. Kubenka, S. Kazarian, M. Flieser, U. Siewert, E. Rizvi, G. W. Noyes, J. Stier, Y. Vazdik, M. Zimmer, Jean-Francois Laporte, P. Murn, H. Kster, G. Lindstrm, H. Lohmander, S. Dagoret, A. Valkrov, D. Feeken, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, W. Hildesheim, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, Frank Raupach, Dusan Bruncko, I. R. Kenyon, H. Spitzer, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, N. Wulff, J. Spiekermann, P. Kasselmann, P. Van Esch, E. Elsen, J. Marks, G. Rdel, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, S. Willard, U P. Krger, Martin Erdmann, U. Obrock, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, Vladimir Andreev, L. Grlich, M. Winde, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, G. Bertrand-Coremans, L. Criegee, S. Reinshagen, C. Kiesling, S. Rusakov, M. Gebauer, V. Nagovitsin, M. Arpagaus, K. Gabathuler, K. Rybicki, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, J. Zcek, L. R. West, M. W. Krasny, H. Krehbiel, G. Buschhorn, V. Efremenko, A. Walther, W. Zimmermann, S. Mikocki, J. Baehr, A. Schning, J. Gayler, D. Lke, R. Marshall, Dave Sankey, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, D.P. Johnson, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, M. Forbush, A. Schwind, R. Maraček, J-P. Meyer, W. von Schlippe, A. Lebedev, T. Merz, M. Ibbotson, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, G. Heinzelmann, M. Fleischer, M. Oakden, H. Shooshtari, R. Nisius, J. R. Smith, L. Buengener, I. Shevyakov, J. Martens, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Annihilation, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Perturbative QCD, Parton, HERA, Jet (particle physics), Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Jet rates in deep inelastic electron proton scattering are studied with the H1 detector at HERA for momentum transfers squared between 10 and 4000 GeV 2 . It is shown that they can be quantitatively described by perturbative QCD in next to leading order making use of the parton densities of the proton and with the strong coupling constant α s as a free parameter. The measured value, α s ( M Z 2 ) = 0.123 ± 0.018, is in agreement both with determinations from e + e − annihilation at LEP using the same observable and with the world average.
Published: 1995

4. A study of the fragmentation of quarks in $e^-p$ collisions at Hera

Author: J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, M. Oakden, F. Kole, F. W. Büsser, H. Meyer, W. Braunschweig, S. Levonian, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, U. Krüner-Marquis, M. Wagener, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, U. Siewert, J. V. Morris, M. Zimmer, J. Gayler, S. Aid, L. Del Buono, G. Schmidt, T. Jansen, E. Fretwurst, V. Andreev, H. Rick, Jean-Francois Laporte, G. Rädel, H. Shooshtari, V. Riech, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, K. Flamm, Ph. Huet, Ch. Pichler, E. Evrard, C. A. Meyer, R. M. Martin, E. Sanchez, M. Hapke, Wolfram Erdmann, A. Gruber, J. H. Köhne, P. Loch, P. I. P. Kalmus, A. Schwind, Ch. Ley, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, R. Maraček, H. Ehrlichmann, M. Nyberg-Werther, E. Malinovski, W. von Schlippe, J. Martens, D. Mercer, A. Braemer, K. Daum, R. Roosen, B. Delcourt, H. Krehbiel, M. Kuhlen, R. D. Appuhn, Frank Raupach, C. Niebuhr, G. Thompson, T. Merz, G. Grindhammer, U. Stösslein, M. Höppner, S. Prell, Daniel Johnson, Jean-Arcady Meyer, G. Buschhorn, D. Lüke, S. Masson, J. Martyniak, N. Magnussen, D. Feeken, A. Wagener, G. Bertrand-Coremans, C. Leverenz, V. Lubimov, W. Lange, W. Ko, W. Hildesheim, G. Knies, J. Lipinski, D. Goldner, N. Wulff, D. Ozerov, T. R. Ebert, R. Nahnhauer, O. Hamon, A. Fedotov, K. Rosenbauer, Günter Flügge, Y. Soloviev, G. Franke, R. Gerhards, B. Fominykh, Emmanuelle Perez, E. Wünsch, Dave Sankey, T. P. Yiou, H. Spitzerx, J. R. Smith, A. Gellrich, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, G. Pope, R. J. Ellison, Martin Erdmann, P. Verrecchia, V. Schröder, R. Bernet, J. Janoth, U. Obrock, F. Niebergall, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, I. W. Walker, H. K. Nguyen, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, A. Wegner, G. D. Patel, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, P. Bispham, S. Schiek, J. Haack, L. N. Shtarkov, J. M. Foster, A. Panitch, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, E. Barrelet, G. Nowak, David Cussans, S. Tapprogge, M. Charlet, R. Starosta, Mario David, F. Lamarche, C. Kiesling, W.D. Dau, H. E. Roloff, J. B. Dainton, V. Solochenko, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, D. Düllmann, P. Goritchev, F. Sefkow, K. Gamerdinger, Peter Robmann, C. Cormack, E. M. Hanlon, S. Reinshagen, L. Criegee, Christoph Grab, A. De Roeck, M. Colombo, A. Courau, C. Gruber, A. J. Campbell, H. Henschel, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, V. Nagovizin, G. G. Winter, R. Nisius, David Schmidt, T. Mavroidis, Murrough Landon, M. Arpagaus, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, K. Stephens, K. Rybicki, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, R. Eichler, E. Peppel, Karlheinz Meier, Fabian Zomer, K. Zuber, C. Wittek, G. Lindström, T. Krdmerkämper, A. E. Wright, Christophe Royon, K. Rütter, F. Charles, J. Katzy, J. P. Kubenka, L. Jönson, H. Lohmander, N. Sahlmann, A. Jacholkowska, E. Schuhmann, P. Steffen, J. Formánek, A. Pieuchot, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, Benno List, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, T. Kurča, F. Rouse, Armen Vartapetian, Barbara Clerbaux, Zhen Zhang, P. Biddulph, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, Peter Schacht, G. W. Noyes, G. C. Lopez, S. Willard, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, L. Büngener, M. F. Hess, J. Cvach, Ch. Niedzballa, I. Herynek, O. Dünger, M. Forbush, M. A. Jabiol, A. Walther, Stefan Valkar, C. Pascaud, D. Zarbock, F. Botterweck, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, H. P. Wellisch, Max Weber, H. Hufnagel, J. Žáček, I. Sheviakov, M. Flieser, Guenter Eckerlin, André Schöning, T. Carli, W. Zimmermann, Eram Rizvi, A. Rostovtsev, A. Usik, G. Heinzelmann, Gregorio Bernardi, U. Krüger, Hannes Jung, S. Kermiche, J. Spiekermann, Alexander Zhokin, Paul Richard Newman, C. Jacobsson, D. Kant, E. Eisenhandler, Anton Babaev, Kerstin Borras, A. Belousov, Hermann Kolanoski, J. Baehr, J. Stier, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, U. Bassler, M. Fleischer, C. Vallée, C. Thiebaux, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, Y. Vazdik, Th. Naumann, J. Turnau, I. R. Kenyon, S. Dagoret, V.L. Hudgson, Stephen Maxfield, J. Stiewe, H. Küster, J. Strachota, J. Feltesse, L. Goerlach, A. Droutskoi, A. Semenov, Horst Oberlack, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, M. Steenbock, P. Reimer, P. Ribarics, J. Ferencei, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, J. Garvey, V I. Shekelyan, J. Link, A. M. Fomenko, R. Felst, G. Lobo, U. Kathage, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, A. Lindner, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, H. Duhm, V. Boudry, R. Lander, R. Buchholz, V. Brisson, P. Baranov, David Milstead, P. A. Smirnov, F. Brasse, L. R. West, S. Spielman, Peter Schleper, M. J. Burton, E. Gabathuler, Dusan Bruncko, B. Andrieu, P. Kostka, B. Naroska, J. Ebert, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, P. Kasselmann, Volker Blobel, S. Mani, Marc Besancon, Sergey Rusakov, P. Truöl, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, R. Kaschowitz, D. Neyret, C. Keuker, T. Greenshaw, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, S. Eichenberger, S. Riess, Klaus Rabbertz, J.P. Phillips, J. Riedlberger, S. M. Robertson, V. Efremenko, P. Hill, J. Bán, B. Schwab, P. Van Esch, M. Hütte, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, Claus Kleinwort, S. Mikocki, M. Ibbotson, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, R. Barschke, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, Steve McMahon, Ulrich Goerlach, J. Duboc, B. Stella, M. Jaffre, G. Müller, V. Korbel, Y. Sirois, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, M. Seidel, Daniel Pitzl, M. Korn, G. Weber, U. Straumann, S. K. Kotelnikov, J. Marks, L. Hajduk, F. Linsel, J. Heatherington, D. Newton, M. Winde, Didier Lacour, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, P. Lanius, V. Tchernyshov, Y. Ban, J. W. Lomas, A. Migliori, G. Siegmon, R. Beyer, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, S. D. Kolya, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, R. Prosi, K. Stolze, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and H1
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quark model, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Parton, HERA, Inelastic scattering, Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Pair production, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) events, selected from 1993 data taken by the H1 experiment at HERA, are studied in the Breit frame of reference. The fragmentation function of the quark is compared with those of \ee data. It is shown that certain aspects of the quarks emerging from within the proton in \ep interactions are essentially the same as those of quarks pair-created from the vacuum in \ee annihilation. The measured area, peak position and widthof the fragmentation function show that the kinematic evolution variable, equivalent to the \ee squared centre of mass energy, is in the Breit frame the invariant square of the four-momentum transfer. We comment on the extent to which we have evidence for coherence effects in parton showers., Comment: 18 pages, latex, 7 figures appended as uuencoded file
Published: 1995

5. Observation of hard processes in rapidity gap events in γp interactions at HERA

Author: R. Beyer, V. Lubimov, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, M. Colombo, A. Jacholkowska, Murrough Landon, S. D. Kolya, A. E. Wright, Mikhail Danilov, L. N. Shtarkov, V. Droutskoi, R. Roosen, I. Sheviakov, J. Martyniak, Frank Raupach, K. Rosenbauer, J. M. Foster, E. Malinovski, I. R. Kenyon, A. Panitch, B. Fominykh, R. Nahnhauer, K. C. Hoeger, V. Riech, J. Martens, Peter Robmann, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, N. Wulff, M. Kuhlen, M. Savitsky, G. Thompson, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, H. Spitzer, G. Heinzelmann, H. Küster, Emmanuelle Perez, P. Kasselmann, G. Grindhammer, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, F. Kole, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, K. Zuber, K. Johannsen, D. Lüke, T. Jansen, U. Krüger, Christophe Royon, M. Nyberg-Werther, S. Dagoret, I.O. Skillicorni, M. Hapke, D. Düllmann, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, S. Willard, E. Wünsch, Dave Sankey, G. D. Patel, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, Eckhart Fretwurst, J. Cvach, David Schmidt, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, M. Forbush, J. Žáček, A. Schwind, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, H. Rick, G. Rädel, H. Henschel, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, L. Büngener, Zhen Zhang, D. Kant, Winston Ko, C. Pascaud, J. Ferencei, Kerstin Borras, K. Daum, V I. Shekelyan, S. Levonian, Jean-Arcady Meyer, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, M. Wagener, Ph. Huet, T. R. Ebert, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, R. Gerhards, A. Semenov, I. Herynek, Steve McMahon, M. Winde, Stefan Valkar, S. Tapprogge, O. Dünger, Guenter Eckerlin, A. Usik, André Schöning, G. Knies, S. Mani, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, W.D. Dau, P. Loch, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, Ch. Pichler, K. Flamm, A. Fedotov, L. R. West, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, J. B. Dainton, F. Botterweck, R. M. Martin, S. Schiek, R. Marshall, P. Baranov, R. Bernet, F. Brasse, Dirk Krücker, Peter Schleper, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, J. Haack, R. J. Ellison, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, P. I. P. Kalmus, P. E. Reimer, H. E. Roloff, K. Stephens, E. Evrard, Dusan Bruncko, V. Efremenko, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, C. Jacobsson, T. Krämerkämper, E. Peppel, M. Jaffre, H. Krehbiel, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, H. B. Dreis, L. Goerlach, K. H. Hiller, R. C. W. Henderson, B. Naroska, F. Ferrarotto, E. M. Hanlon, H. Genzel, P. Verrecchia, A. Braemer, Leif J. Jönsson, C. Kiesling, G. G. Winter, F. Zomer, A. M. Goodall, A. De Roeck, Marc Besancon, S. Mikocki, Ch. Ley, A.S. Belousov, Wolfram Erdmann, A. J. Campbell, Richard E. Taylor, G. Buschhorn, Sergey Rusakov, F. W. Büsser, P. Truöl, W. Braunschweig, L. Del Buono, J. Garvey, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, T. Greenshaw, V. Schröder, T. Ahmed, B. Delcourt, R. Prosi, C. Vallée, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, J.P. Phillips, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, U. Stösslein, R. D. Appuhn, P. Steffen, V. Andreev, A. Wagener, C. Leverenz, H. Lohmander, U. Siewert, M. Zimmer, Vincent Boudry, A. M. Fomenko, Jean-Francois Laporte, Wolfgang Lange, P. Van Esch, O. Hamon, U. Krüner-Marquis, H. Hufnagel, S. Aid, D. Feeken, U. Kathage, Claus Kleinwort, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, D. Zarbock, H. P. Wellisch, H. Ehrlichmann, Gregorio Bernardi, Max Weber, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, T. Kurča, T. Carli, H. Bergstein, Th. Naumann, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, Stephen Maxfield, J. Stiewe, C.D. Hilton, J.G. Contreras, Yves Sirois, A. Wegner, V. Brisson, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, E. Panaro, J. Kurzhöfer, S. Reinshagen, A. Courau, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, H. Duhm, N. Gogitidze, V. Nagovizin, Anton Babaev, R. Eichler, J. P. Kubenka, J. Feltesse, C. Thiebaux, J. Strachota, M. Vecko, M. Fleischer, J. Lipinski, G. Franke, D. Mercer, G. W. Noyes, E. Gabathuler, E. Deffur, M. Arpagaus, J. Gayler, R. Starosta, A. Walther, U. Seehausen, J. Ebert, F. Sefkow, B. Schwab, S. Masson, Pavel Murin, H. Grässler, W. Zimmermann, M. Ibbotson, J. Baehr, M. David, E. Sanchez, Benno List, Barbara Clerbaux, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, M. Flieser, J. Stier, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, R. Buchholz, David Milstead, P. A. Smirnov, F. Rouse, Ulrich Goerlach, Daniel Pitzl, M. Höppner, S. Prell, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, R. Kaschowitz, W. Hildesheim, Roland Horisberger, A. Valkárová, Martin Erdmann, S. Riess, A. Lindner, J. Janoth, U. Obrock, F. Niebergall, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, Volker Blobel, C. Keuker, P. Di Nezza, P. Hill, J. Bán, F. Charles, M. F. Hess, P. Kostka, J. Turnau, M. Steenbock, B. Andrieu, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, R. L. Lander, M. Korn, G. Weber, H. Meyer, U. Straumann, S. Kermiche, F. Linsel, J. Heatherington, D. Newton, P. Lanius, Markus Seidel, V. Tchernyshov, V. Korbel, H. Shooshtari, R. Maraček, W. von Schlippe, T. Merz, R. Nisius, J. R. Smith, R. Herma, Armen Vartapetian, E. Eisenhandler, A. Rostovtsev, S. Eichenberger, K. Rüter, C. Niebuhr, D. Goldner, Y. Soloviev, I. W. Walker, K. Rybicki, Christoph Grab, U. Bassler, P. Ribarics, R. Felst, N. Magnussen, N. Sahlmann, E. Schuhmann, P. Biddulph, M. A. Jabiol, C. A. Meyer, A. Gruber, Daniel Johnson, J. Duboc, B. Stella, G. Müller, G. Bertrand-Coremans, P. Goritchev, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, L. Criegee, K. Gamerdinger, D. Neyret, T. Mavroidis, J. Formánek, M. Gebauer, J. Riedlberger, S. M. Robertson, A. Gellrich, F. Lamarche, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, Horst Oberlack, and G. Siegmon
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Meson, Scattering, Hadron, Physics::Optics, Elementary particle, HERA, Kinetic energy, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Events with no hadronic energy flow in a large interval of pseudo-rapidity in the proton direction are observed in photon-proton interactions at an average centre of mass energy 〈√sγp〉 of 200 GeV These events are interpreted as photon diffractive dissociation. Evidence for hard scattering in photon diffractive dissociation is demonstrated using inclusive single particle spectra, thrust as a function of transverse energy, and the observation of jet production. The data can be described by a Monte Carlo calculation including hard photon-pomeron scattering.
Published: 1995

6. A measurement of the proton structure function <tex>F_{2}$</tex> (x, <tex>Q^{**}2)$</tex>

Author: H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, C. Niebuhr, Wolfram Erdmann, L. Criegee, T. Ahmed, M. Hppner, V. Andreev, D. Goldner, L. Grlich, R. Bernet, L. Jnsson, M. Colombo, H. E. Roloff, L. Del Buono, F W. Bsser, I. W. Walker, Murrough Landon, A. E. Wright, M. Kuhlen, K. Rybicki, G. Grindhammer, Yves Sirois, Paul Richard Newman, Grzegorz Nowak, G. Mller, C. Jacobsson, Christoph Grab, U. Seehausen, J. Kurzhfer, F. Botterweck, E. Snchez, P. Trul, H. Lohmander, G. Bertrand-Coremans, R. Kaschowitz, G. Franke, A. Wegner, a A. Akhundov, E. Panaro, W. Hildesheim, R. Eichler, J. P. Kubenka, G. W. Noyes, A. Walther, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, J. V. Morris, S. Prell, H. Erlichmann, P. E. Reimer, W. Zimmermann, S. Riess, C. Cormack, E. M. Hanlon, O. Hamon, Armen Vartapetian, J. Baehr, V. Lubimov, T. Jansen, P. Verrecchia, Roland Horisberger, M. Nyberg-Werther, G. Heinzelmann, G. G. Winter, S. Willard, K. Daum, M. Forbush, A. Rostovtsev, R. J. Ellison, H. H. Kaufmann, Jan Hladky, I. Shevyakov, P. Steffen, P. Goritchev, T. R. Ebert, A. Droutskoi, C. Schmidt, H. Rick, N. Magnussen, J. P. Sutton, P. Di Nezza, M. Winde, P. Uelkes, L. Johnson, Ch. Ley, A. Schwind, N. Sahlmann, E. Mroczko, M. Gebauer, A. Fedotov, G. Knies, Eckhard Elsen, V. Nagovitsin, K. Gamerdinger, U. Kathage, E. Schuhmann, V. Chernyshov, M. Steenbock, H. Hufnagel, P. Hill, P. Robmann, J. Bán, H. Grssler, J. Khne, J. Duboc, D. Neyret, S. Schiek, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, Ph. Huet, S. Kermiche, S. Aid, J. Buerger, C. Kiesling, Wolfgang Lange, A. Lindner, J. Janoth, D. Dllmann, C.D. Hilton, E. Malinovskii, J.G. Contreras, B. Stella, J. Gayler, S. Eichenberger, I. R. Kenyon, T. Krmerkmper, L. N. Shtarkov, Dave Sankey, J. Haack, V. Brisson, A. De Roeck, A. J. Campbell, Richard E. Taylor, Mikhail Danilov, K. Gabathuler, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, D. Krcker, W.J. Haynes, J. Formnek, A. Wagener, R. Roosen, I. O. Skillicorn, D. Zarbock, H. B. Dreis, Ch. Pichler, H. P. Wellisch, Max Weber, M. A. Jabiol, T. P. Yiou, Martin Erdmann, F. Charles, J. Katzy, T. Khler, U. Obrock, S. Reinshagen, A. Panitch, C. Keuker, J. Martyniak, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, R. Marshall, M. F. Hess, T. Carli, B. Fominykh, L. R. West, U. Bassler, M. W. Krasny, T. Kurča, M. Htte, P. Kostka, B. Naroska, G. D. Patel, A. Usik, R. Nahnhauer, Zhiqing Zhang, Benno List, H. Krehbiel, J. Turnau, K. Mller, Barbara Clerbaux, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, J. Zcek, H. Bergstein, Eckhart Fretwurst, M. Arpagaus, G. Siegmon, K. C. Hoeger, T.C. Nicholls, B. Schwab, David Schmidt, S. Levonian, A. Gellrich, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, G. Buschhorn, V. Efremenko, F. Lamarche, R. Grssler, P. Ribarics, H. Duhm, B. Andrieu, M. Wagener, V. Riech, R. Felst, R. Beyer, K. Flamm, E. Barrelet, David Cussans, S. Mani, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, F. Moreau, J. D. Dowell, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, J. M. Foster, D. Feeken, W. Braunschweig, M. Savitsky, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, M. Ibbotson, A. Mavroidis, E. Gabathuler, C. Pascaud, M. Hapke, John A Coughlan, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, Horst Oberlack, G. Weber, U. Siewert, E. Deffur, P. Baranov, S. Mikocki, A. Jacholkowska, Peter Schleper, H. P. Beck, Stephen Burke, M. Zimmer, J. Feltesse, Vincent Boudry, Jean-Francois Laporte, P. I. P. Kalmus, M. Rietz, S. Valkr, D. Haidt, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, C. A. Meyer, Karlheinz Meier, K. Zuber, Marc Besancon, J. Riedlberger, U. Krner-Marquis, J. Cvach, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, G. Schmidt, A. Braemer, V. Blobel, S. M. Robertson, U. Stsslein, S. D. Kolya, Jean-Arcady Meyer, Eram Rizvi, A. Gruber, F. Rouse, M. David, Ulrich Goerlach, M. Vecko, R. Gerhards, Daniel Pitzl, C. Kleinwort, R. L. Lander, Frank Raupach, K. H. Hiller, Daniel Johnson, D. Mercer, I. Herynek, R. C. W. Henderson, E. Prez, N. Wulff, J. Tutas, S. Masson, R. Buchholz, M. Flieser, F. Niebergall, David Milstead, J. Stier, Y. Vazdik, P. Kasselmann, V.L. Hudgson, Stephen Maxfield, P. A. Smirnov, J. Stiewe, R. Prosi, A. Schning, J. Martens, U P. Krger, F. Kole, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, A. B. Clegg, R. Rylko, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, M. Fleischer, K. Johannsen, H. Kster, D. Lke, P. Murn, K. Rter, Peter Schacht, S. Tapprogge, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, J. Lipinski, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, A. Valkrov, J. Spiekermann, Gregorio Bernardi, J. Ebert, R. Starosta, Anton Babaev, C. Thiebaux, J. Strachota, F. Sefkow, Peter Loch, R. D. Martin, Didier Lacour, G. Pope, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, M. J. Burton, H. Spitzer, A. Courau, O. Dnger, Christophe Royon, Winston Ko, Guenter Eckerlin, Steve McMahon, V. Schrder, F. Linsel, G C. Lpez, J. Heatherington, G. Flgge, R. D. Appuhn, C. Gruber, G. Lindstrm, D. Kant, G. Rdel, Kerstin Borras, D. Newton, A. Semenov, Yu. Solovev, F. Brasse, P. Lanius, Markus Seidel, M. Korn, R. Nisius, U. Straumann, Thomas Naumann, V. Korbel, J. R. Smith, L. Buengener, E. Eisenhandler, R. Maraček, Fabian Zomer, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, W. von Schlippe, Hannes Jung, Alexander Zhokin, T. Merz, C. Vallée, E. Evrard, S. Dagoret, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, Dusan Bruncko, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, T. Greenshaw, J.P. Phillips, P. Van Esch, J. Marks, B. Delcourt, C. Leverenz, K. Rosenbauer, M. Jaffré, G. Thompson, M. Oakden, H. Meyer, E. Wnsch, H. Henschel, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, H. Shooshtari, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), H1, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Diffraction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Logarithm, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Momentum transfer, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, HERA, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: A measurement of the proton structure function $F_{\!2}(x,Q^2)$ is reported for momentum transfer squared $Q^2$ between 4.5 $GeV^2$ and 1600 $GeV^2$ and for Bjorken $x$ between $1.8\cdot10^{-4}$ and 0.13 using data collected by the HERA experiment H1 in 1993. It is observed that $F_{\!2}$ increases significantly with decreasing $x$, confirming our previous measurement made with one tenth of the data available in this analysis. The $Q^2$ dependence is approximately logarithmic over the full kinematic range covered. The subsample of deep inelastic events with a large pseudo-rapidity gap in the hadronic energy flow close to the proton remnant is used to measure the "diffractive" contribution to $F_{\!2}$., 32 pages, ps, appended as compressed, uuencoded file
Published: 1995

7. Deep inelastic scattering events with a large rapidity gap at HERA

Author: F. Kole, H. P. Wellisch, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, J. Stiewe, F. W. Büsser, M. Vecko, B. Stella, I. O. Skillicorn, R. Maraček, W. Braunschweig, Andrew Mehta, N. Gogitidze, R. Sell, S. Kazarian, P. Biddulph, U. Siewert, C. A. Meyer, H. U. Martyn, V. Brisson, H. Grässler, M. Zimmer, S. Tapprogge, L. Criegee, Paul Richard Newman, C. Jacobsson, Michael Seidel, K. C. Hoeger, J. V. Morris, G. Schmidt, Peter Robmann, Carl R. Brune, M. Barth, J-P. Meyer, P. Goritchev, A. Lindner, J. Ebert, A. Walther, S. Eichenberger, A. M. Goodall, V. Riech, D. Milstead, J. Žáček, S. Rusakov, J. Formánek, Murrough Landon, J. Bürger, W. von Schlippe, G. Knies, H. Itterbeck, P. Van Mechelen, Laurent Favart, T. Merz, C. Dollfus, S. Schiek, E. Peppel, K. Stephens, M. Forbush, L. Goerlich, K. Rosenbauer, D. Neyret, T. Ahmed, A. Schwind, P. Ribarics, J. Baehr, M. Colombo, M. Savitsky, C. Niebuhr, M. Hapke, R. C. W. Henderson, J. R. Smith, J. Haack, M. Ibbotson, H. B. Dreis, J. Martyniak, M. W. Krasny, D. Lüke, E. Eisenhandler, Ulrich Goerlach, S. Egli, J. G. Contreras, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, A. Lebedev, G. Thompson, B. Schwab, U. Kathage, K. Zuber, J. Cvach, U. Bassler, Y. Soloviev, J. Heaterington, B. Fominykh, A. Gellrich, K. Johannsen, O. Dünger, E. Perez, M. Gebauer, V. Hedberg, D. Goldner, D. Düllmann, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, D. Feeken, M. Weber, R. Horisberger, H. Bergstein, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, N. Wulff, Th. Wolff, C. Royon, F. Zomer, F. Botterweck, E. Gabathuler, T.P. Yiou, S. J. McMahon, I. Sheviakov, R. Kaschowitz, Barbara Clerbaux, A. Buniatian, H. Krehbiel, S. Valkár, A. E. Wright, S. Riess, H. Duhm, G. Heinzelmann, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, S. J. Maxfield, E. Evrard, S. Prell, R. Roosen, R. Rylko, M. Fleischer, W. Hildesheim, P. Kasselmann, I. R. Kenyon, R. Gerhards, P. E. Reimer, K. Gamerdinger, Christoph Grab, R. Felst, J. Kurzhöfer, D. Schmidt, Wolfgang Lange, B. Naroska, Hermann Kolanoski, Winston Ko, D. Clarke, C. Pascaud, John A Coughlan, J. Hladký, P. Hill, J. Bán, H. Küster, L. R. West, U. Krüner-Marquis, T. Köhler, Guenter Eckerlin, C. Vallée, K. Gabathuler, S. Aid, P. Di Nezza, H. Ehrlichmann, H. Spitzer, J. M. Foster, Yves Sirois, S. Willard, G. Lindström, D. Kant, Ch. Ley, V. Boudry, Anton Babaev, R. J. Ellison, A. Valkárová, W. Zimmermann, A. Wagener, J. Feltesse, P. Baranov, J. Lipinski, S. Kermiche, Alan Campbell, G. G. Winter, M. F. Hess, G. Grindhammer, P. Steffen, Peter Schleper, E. M. Hanlon, M. Winde, P. Uelkes, V. Efremenko, S. Mikocki, J. Riedlberger, S. M. Robertson, R. Nahnhauer, E. Barrelet, L. Johnson, David Cussans, E. Wünsch, L. N. Shtarkov, M. A. Jabiol, A. Braemer, Dave Sankey, G. Franke, A. Schöning, R. D. Appuhn, P. Loch, N. Magnussen, J. Turnau, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, A. Panitch, G. Nowak, S. Reinshagen, C. Kiesling, E. A. De Wolf, Ch. Berger, L. Büngener, U. Krüger, Marc Besancon, A.S. Belousov, E. Sanchez, J. Janoth, A. Gruber, N. Sahlmann, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, Max Klein, V. Schröder, D.P. Johnson, H. Shooshtari, S. Masson, T. Carli, L. Jönsson, R. Buchholz, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, J. Gayler, F. R. Rouse, R. Nisius, R. Bernet, L. Del Buono, J. Strachota, Vladimir Andreev, I. Herynek, S. Dagoret, A. Usik, S. Levonian, J. F. Laporte, P. Truöl, F. Lamarche, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, M. Steenbock, B. Andrieu, A. B. Clegg, Volker Blobel, H. E. Roloff, C. Gruber, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, Richard Lander, K. Rüter, C. Keuker, R. Marshall, Z. Zhang, Dirk Krücker, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, K. Flamm, I. Tichomirov, P. Murín, H. Hufnagel, S. Mani, H. P. Beck, O. Hamon, Kerstin Borras, R. Starosta, A. Semenov, H. H. Kaufmann, Stephen Burke, M. Höppner, C.D. Hilton, J. Duboc, P. Verrecchia, U. Seehausen, D. Lacour, R. Herma, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, B. Gonzalez-Pineiro, K. Müller, F. Brasse, H. Lohmander, J. Garvey, J. P. Kubenka, Martin Erdmann, A. M. Fomenko, U. Obrock, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, Dusan Bruncko, D. Mercer, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, P. Van Esch, E. Elsen, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, G. Bertrand-Coremans, A. Wegner, F. Sefkow, P. Lanius, E. Panaro, V. Nagovizin, R. Eichler, G. Müller, C. Thiebaux, G. W. Noyes, Daniel Pitzl, E. Deffur, G. C. Lopez, P. Kostka, E. Fretwurst, B. List, T. R. Ebert, F. Raupach, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, A. De Roeck, F. Charles, H. Henschel, T. Kurča, P. Schacht, J. Stier, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, S. K. Kotelnikov, M. Nyberg-Werther, L. Hajduk, B. Delcourt, T. Mavroidis, U. Stösslein, C. Leverenz, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, J.P. Phillips, Hannes Jung, R. D. Martin, G. Pope, I. W. Walker, E. Schuhmann, H. Oberlack, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, M. Korn, A. Courau, G. Weber, U. Straumann, R. E. Taylor, G. Bernardi, G. Buschhorn, F. Linsel, Tim Greenshaw, M. Flieser, D. Newton, V. Tchernyshov, K. H. Hiller, J. Tutas, R. Prosi, G. Siegmon, F. Moreau, J. D. Dowell, A. Jacholkowska, A. Vartapetian, T. Jansen, P. I. P. Kalmus, G. Rädel, M. Hampel, B. Kuznik, Ph. Huet, Ch. Pichler, and J. Martens
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Parton, Vector meson dominance, HERA, Inelastic scattering, Deep inelastic scattering, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Vector meson, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Evidence is presented using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA for a class of deep inelastic electron-proton scattering (DIS) events (5 < Q2 < 120 GeV2) at low Bjorken-x (10−4 < x < 10−2) which have almost no hadronic energy flow in a large interval of pseudo-rapidity around the proton remnant direction and which cannot be attributed to our present understanding of DIS and fluctuations in final state hadronic fragmentation. From an integrated luminosity of 273 nb−1, 734 events, that is about 5% of the total DIS sample, have no energy deposition greater than 400 MeV forward of laboratory pseudo-rapidity ηmax = 1.8 up to the largest measurable pseudo-rapidity of about 3.65. Evidence that about 10% of observed rapidity gap events are exclusive vector meson electroproduction is presented. Good descriptions of the data are obtained using models based either on a vector meson dominance like picture, which includes a large fraction of inelastic virtual photon dissociation, or on deep inelastic electron-pomeron scattering in which the partonic sub-structure of the latter is resolved.
Published: 1994

8. Inclusive photoproduction of single charged particles at high p$_{T}$

Author: R. C. W. Henderson, M. Ibbotson, G. D. Lafferty, T. J. Brodbeck, C. N. Paterson, Hugh McCann, D. Reid, C. Gapp, Neil A. Thacker, P. Sharp, A. T. Doyle, P. S. Flower, T. Charity, B. Diekmann, A. Voigtlaender-Tetzner, P. Coyle, S. Holzkamp, A. B. Clegg, R. E. Hughes-Jones, A. O'Connor, L. F. Thompson, P. I. Galumian, S. Soeldner-Rembold, J. Waterhouse, R. J. Ellison, A. S. Weigend, D. Joseph, J. M. Foster, R. McClatchey, H. Rotscheidt, G. Hallewell, S. Danagulian, M. Atkinson, A. G. Oganesian, R. J. Thompson, H. P. Jakob, Dario Barberis, J. Kingler, M. T. Hickman, P. J. Ottewell, F. Gebert, W. Galbraith, A. Donnachie, J. A. G. Morris, C. Hoeger, R. Oedingen, R. J. Apsimon, N. H. Brook, B. Dickinson, G. W. Wilson, M. Baake, C. McManus, E. Paul, D. Newton, S. D. Kolya, D. Mercer, N. R. Keemer, L. S. Bagdasarian, K. Heinloth, J. V. Morris, S. Danaher, G. Koersgen, M. Davenport, and J. Eades
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Measure (mathematics), Omega, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Single charged-particle inclusive cross sections for photon, pion and kaon beams on hydrogen at the CERN-SPS are presented as functions ofp T andx F . Data cover the range 0.01.6 GeV/c for the photon-induced data. Using the hadron-induced data to estimate the hadronic behaviour of the photon, the difference distributions and ratios of cross sections are a measure of the contribution of the point-like photon interactions. The data are compared with QCD calculations and show broadly similar features.
Published: 1989

9. Novel sst(4)-selective somatostatin (SRIF) agonists. 1. Lead identification using a betide scan.

Author: Rivier J, Erchegyi J, Hoeger C, Miller C, Low W, Wenger S, Waser B, Schaer JC, and Reubi JC
Subjects: Animals, Autoradiography, Binding, Competitive, Cell Line, Cricetinae, Cyclic AMP biosynthesis, Humans, Ligands, Membrane Proteins, Oligopeptides chemistry, Oligopeptides pharmacology, Peptides, Cyclic chemistry, Peptides, Cyclic pharmacology, Radioligand Assay, Somatostatin chemistry, Somatostatin pharmacology, Stereoisomerism, Structure-Activity Relationship, Oligopeptides chemical synthesis, Peptides, Cyclic chemical synthesis, Receptors, Somatostatin agonists, Receptors, Somatostatin chemistry, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives, Somatostatin chemical synthesis
Abstract: Hypothesizing that structural constraints in somatostatin (SRIF) analogues may result in receptor selectivity, and aiming to characterize the bioactive conformation of somatostatin at each of its five receptors, we carried out an N(beta)-methylated aminoglycine (Agl) scan of the octapeptide H-c[Cys(3)-Phe(6)-Phe(7)-dTrp(8)-Lys(9)-Thr(10)-Phe(11)-Cys(14)]-OH (SRIF numbering) (ODT-8) that is potent at all SRIF receptor subtypes (sst's) but sst(1). We found that H-c[Cys-LAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-Phe-DTrp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (4), H-c[Cys-Phe-LAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-Trp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (6), H-c[Cys-Phe-LAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-dTrp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (8), and H-c[DCys-Phe-LAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-DTrp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (10) had high affinity (IC(50) = 14.3, 5.4, 5.2, and 3.4 nM, respectively) and selectivity for sst(4) (>50-fold over the other receptors). The l-configuration at positions 7 and 8 (l(7), l(8)) yields greater sst(4) selectivity than the l(7), d(8) configuration (6 versus 8). Peptides with the d(7), l(8) (7) and d(7), d(8) (9) configurations are significantly less potent at all receptors. H-c[Cys-Phe-Phe-DTrp-LAgl(betaAla)-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (16), H-c[Cys-Phe-Phe-DTrp-DAgl(betaAla)-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (17), and their N(beta)Me derivatives at position 9 (18, 19) were essentially inactive. Potent but less sst(4)-selective were members of the Agl-scan at positions 10, H-c[Cys-Phe-Phe-dTrp-Lys-lAgl(N(beta)Me,HO-Ac)-Phe-Cys]-OH (20, IC(50) = 6.5 nM), and 11, H-c[Cys-Phe-Phe-DTrp-Lys-Thr-LAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-Cys]-OH (22, IC(50) = 6.9 nM), while the d-configuration at positions 10 (21) and 11 (23) led to reduced affinity. One of our best analogues, 8, is an agonist when tested for its ability to inhibit forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in sst(4)-transfected CCL39 cells (EC(50) = 1.01 nM). All Agl-containing analogues were first synthesized using unresolved Fmoc-Agl(N(beta)Me,Boc)-OH, and the diastereomers were separated using HPLC. Chiral assignment at the Agl-containing residue was subsequently done using enzymatic degradation and by de novo synthesis in the cases of H-c[Cys-Phe-DAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-DTrp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (9) and H-c[DCys-Phe-DAgl(N(beta)Me,benzoyl)-DTrp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Cys]-OH (11), starting with the papain-resolved Fmoc-DAgl(Boc). These results suggested that the orientation of side chains at position 6, 7, or 11 with respect to the side chains of residues 8 and 9 may be independently responsible for sst(4) selectivity.
Published: 2003
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10. Potent somatostatin undecapeptide agonists selective for somatostatin receptor 1 (sst1).

Author: Rivier JE, Hoeger C, Erchegyi J, Gulyas J, DeBoard R, Craig AG, Koerber SC, Wenger S, Waser B, Schaer JC, and Reubi JC
Subjects: Adenylyl Cyclases metabolism, Animals, Autoradiography, CHO Cells, Cricetinae, Female, Humans, In Situ Hybridization, Leiomyoma metabolism, Molecular Conformation, Protein Binding, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Somatostatin chemistry, Somatostatin pharmacology, Structure-Activity Relationship, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Uterine Neoplasms metabolism, Receptors, Somatostatin agonists, Somatostatin agonists, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives, Somatostatin chemical synthesis
Abstract: A family of analogues of des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8)/D2Nal(8)]-SRIF that contain a 4-(N-isopropyl)-aminomethylphenylalanine (IAmp) at position 9 was identified that has high affinity and selectivity for human somatostatin receptor subtype 1 (sst1). The binding affinities of des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (c[H-Cys-Lys-Phe-Phe-DTrp-IAmp-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Cys-OH], CH-275) (7), des-AA(1,5)-[Tyr(2),DTrp(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (CH-288) (16), des-AA(1,2,5)-[Tyr(7),DTrp(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (23), and des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8),IAmp(9),Tyr(11)]-SRIF (25) are about (1)/(7), (1)/(4), (1)/(125), and (1)/(4) that of SRIF-28 (1) to sst1, respectively, about (1)/(65), (1)/(130), <(1)/(1000), and <(1)/(150) that of 1 to sst3, respectively, and about or less than (1)/(1000) that of 1 to the other three human SRIF receptor subtypes. A substitution of DTrp(8) by D2Nal(8) in 7 to yield des-AA(1,2,5)-[D2Nal(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (13) and in 16 to yield des-AA(1,5)-[Tyr(2),D2Nal(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (17) was intended to increase chemical stability, selectivity, and affinity and resulted in two analogues that were less potent or equipotent with similar selectivity, respectively. Carbamoylation of the N-terminus as in des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8),IAmp(9),Tyr(11)]-Cbm-SRIF (27) increased affinity slightly as well as improved selectivity. Monoiodination of 25 to yield 26 and of 27 to yield 28 resulted in an additional 4-fold increase in affinity at sst1. Desamination of the N-terminus of 17 to yield 18, on the other hand, resulted in significant loss of affinity. Attempts at reducing the size of the ring with maintenance of selectivity failed in that des-AA(1,4,5,13)-[Tyr(2),DTrp(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (33) and des-AA(1,4,5,6,12,13)-[Tyr(2),DTrp(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF (34) progressively lost affinity for all receptors. Both des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8),IAmp(9),Tyr(11)]-Cbm-SRIF (27) and des-AA(1,2,5)-[DCys(3),DTrp(8),IAmp(9),Tyr(11)]-Cbm-SRIF (29) show agonistic activity in a cAMP assay; therefore, the structural basis for the agonist property of this family of analogues is not contingent upon the chirality of the Cys residue at position 3 as shown to be the case in 18-membered ring SRIF octapeptides. None of the high affinity structures described here showed receptor antagonism. We have prepared the radiolabeled des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8),IAmp(9),(125)ITyr(11)]-SRIF ((125)I-25) and des-AA(1,2,5)-[DTrp(8),IAmp(9), (125)ITyr(11)]-Cbm-SRIF ((125)I-27), used them as in vitro tracers, and found them to be superior to des-AA(1,5)-[(125)ITyr(2),DTrp(8),IAmp(9)]-SRIF ((125)I-16) for the detection of sst1 tumors in receptor autoradiography studies.
Published: 2001
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11. SST3-selective potent peptidic somatostatin receptor antagonists.

Author: Reubi JC, Schaer JC, Wenger S, Hoeger C, Erchegyi J, Waser B, and Rivier J
Subjects: Adenylyl Cyclases metabolism, Animals, CHO Cells, Cricetinae, Cyclic AMP biosynthesis, Enzyme Activation, Humans, Type C Phospholipases metabolism, Receptors, Somatostatin antagonists & inhibitors
Abstract: A family of octapeptide derivatives of somatostatin cyclized via a disulfide bridge (des-AA(1,2,4,5,12,13)[d-2Nal(8)]-somatostatin-14, ODN-8) was identified that has high affinity and selectivity for the human sst(3) somatostatin receptor subtype transfected in CCL39 cells. The binding affinity of carbamoyl-des-AA(1,2,4,5,12, 13)[d-Cys(3),Tyr(7),d-Agl(8)(Me,2-naphthoyl)]-somatostatin-14 (sst(3)-ODN-8) is equal to that of somatostatin-28 for sst(3) and less than one-thousandth that for the other four somatostatin receptor subtypes. Compound sst(3)-ODN-8 potently reverses the somatostatin-28-induced inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production (pK(B) = 9.07) and reverses the somatostatin-28-induced stimulation of phospholipase C activity (pK(i) = 9.22) in sst(3)-transfected CCL39 cells. [(125)I-Tyr(7)]sst(3)-ODN-8 selectively labels sst(3)-expressing cells with subnanomolar binding affinity (K(D) = 0.27 nM). With the use of this radioligand, sst(3)-expressing human tumors, particularly inactive pituitary adenomas, can be identified with receptor autoradiography; moreover, areas of the human lymphoreticular system express sst(3) binding sites selectively displaced by nanomolar concentrations of sst(3)-ODN-8. Based on the structure-activity relationship of selected analogs substituted at positions 3, 7, and 8, we hypothesize that the basis for sst(3) selectivity, high affinity, and possibly antagonism resides in the ring size of the analog and the unique conformational and structural character of the N-methylated amino-2-naphthoyl side chain of aminoglycine at position 8 and not in the Tyr(7) substitution or in the d-configuration at position 3. The family of labeled and unlabeled sst(3)-ODN-8 analogs represents highly innovative, potent, and specific sst(3)-selective antagonist tools for the study of sst(3)-mediated physiological and pathophysiological conditions that may suggest novel clinical applications.
Published: 2000
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12. Somatostatin receptor gene expression in neuroblastoma.

Author: Albers AR, O'Dorisio MS, Balster DA, Caprara M, Gosh P, Chen F, Hoeger C, Rivier J, Wenger GD, O'Dorisio TM, and Qualman SJ
Subjects: Animals, COS Cells, Cell Transplantation, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Gene Expression, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Mice, Nude, Neuroblastoma pathology, Transplantation, Heterologous, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Neuroblastoma genetics, Receptors, Somatostatin genetics
Abstract: Somatostatin receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in human neuroblastoma. Somatostatin receptors have been demonstrated in vitro by pharmacologic analysis of tumor tissue and in vivo by diagnostic radioreceptor scintigraphy. However, which receptor subtypes (sst(1), sst(2), sst(3), sst(4), and sst(5)) are expressed in these tumors has not yet been delineated. We used RT-PCR to analyze expression of the five somatostatin receptor genes in 32 neuroblastoma tumor specimens. All 32 tumor specimens expressed mRNA for c-abl and sst(1); sst(2) mRNA was detected in 27/32 samples and somatostatin mRNA was detected in 30/32 tumor specimens. The remaining receptor subtypes, sst(3), sst(4), and sst(5) were variably expressed. Receptor protein for sst(1) and sst(2) was visualized in tumor neuroblasts as well as in endothelial cells of tumor vessels using immunostaining with specific anti-receptor antibodies. The effect of high expression of somatostatin receptors on cell proliferation was examined in SKNSH neuroblastoma cells transfected with sst(1) and sst(2). SS(14) binding to wild-type SKNSH cells was undetectable; but the native peptide bound with high affinity to the SKNSH/sst(1) and SKNSH/sst(2) neuroblastoma cell lines. Pharmacologic analysis of binding with two long-acting analogues, CH275 and octreotide, confirmed selective expression of sst(1) and sst(2) in stably transfected SKNSH cells. Formation of neuroblastoma xenograft tumors in nude mice was significantly delayed for both SKNSH/sst(1) (P<0.001) and SKNSH/sst(2) (P<0.05) cells compared to wild-type SKNSH. We conclude that: (1) Somatostatin receptors, sst(1) and sst(2), are expressed in the majority of neuroblastomas at diagnosis; and (2) upregulation of functional sst(1) or sst(2) in neuroblastoma cell lines suppresses tumorigenicity in a xenograft model. These observations suggest that somatostatin receptors may be a useful therapeutic target in neuroblastoma.
Published: 2000
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13. Structural basis for the binding specificity of a SSTR1-selective analog of somatostatin.

Author: Chen L, Hoeger C, Rivier J, Fitzpatrick VD, Vandlen RL, and Tashjian AH Jr
Subjects: Animals, Aspartic Acid metabolism, Cell Line, Protein Binding, Protein Conformation, Rats, Somatostatin chemistry, Somatostatin metabolism, Receptors, Somatostatin metabolism, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives
Abstract: The availability of subtype-specific agonists and antagonists for somatostatin (SS) receptors (SSTRs) will be important for elucidation of the function of each receptor isoform in vivo. A SS analog, des-AA1,2,5-[D-Trp8, IAmp9]SS (CH275), has been shown previously to bind preferentially to SSTR1. In this report, we identify structural determinants in the ligand and receptor responsible for the selective binding of CH275 to SSTR1 by modifying both the ligand and the receptor. We propose that IAmp9 in CH275, like Lys9 in SS, interacts with Asp137 in the middle of the third transmembrane domain of SSTR1 to form an ion pair, while other residues unique to SSTR1 conbribute to binding selectivity of CH275 for SSTR1. Replacement of Asp137 with Asn resulted in loss of binding of radiolabeled SS and decreased potencies of both SS and CH275 to induce a change in the extracellular acidification rate measured by microphysiometry. The structural determinants for specific binding to SSTR1 were mapped in chimeric SSTR1/SSTR2 receptors. One chimera, 2beta, with the N-terminus to second transmembrane domain (TM2) from SSTR2 and the remainder of the receptor from SSTR1, had low affinity for CH275. Furthermore, when a single residue, Leu107, in TM2 of SSTR1 was replaced with Phe, the corresponding residue in SSTR2, a 20-fold decrease in affinity for CH275 with no significant change in affinity for SS was observed. A reciprocal change from Phe to Leu in the chimeric receptor 2beta resulted in a 10-fold increase in affinity for CH275. Thus, Leu107 is an important determinant for CH275 binding to SSTR1. To identify the moiety in CH275 which could interact with Leu107, a new analog des-AA1,2,5-[D-Trp8, Amp9]SS was prepared. This analog bound to both SSTR1 and SSTR2 with similar affinities; thus, subtype selectivity was lost. Collectively, these data support a binding model for CH275 in which the positively charged IAmp interacts with the negatively charged Asp137 in TM3 of SSTR1 and the isopropyl group of IAmp forms a hydrophobic interaction with Leu107 in TM2., (Copyright 1999 Academic Press.)
Published: 1999
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14. Contulakin-G, an O-glycosylated invertebrate neurotensin.

Author: Craig AG, Norberg T, Griffin D, Hoeger C, Akhtar M, Schmidt K, Low W, Dykert J, Richelson E, Navarro V, Mazella J, Watkins M, Hillyard D, Imperial J, Cruz LJ, and Olivera BM
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Carbohydrate Sequence, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, DNA, Complementary chemistry, Glycoproteins chemistry, Glycosylation, Humans, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Neuropeptides chemistry, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Rats, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Glycoproteins isolation & purification, Mollusca chemistry, Neuropeptides isolation & purification
Abstract: We have purified contulakin-G, a 16-amino acid O-linked glycopeptide (pGlu-Ser-Glu-Glu-Gly-Gly-Ser-Asn-Ala-Thr-Lys-Lys-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH, pGlu is pyroglutamate) from Conus geographus venom. The major glycosylated form of contulakin-G was found to incorporate the disaccharide beta-D-Galp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GalpNAc-(1-->) attached to Thr10. The C-terminal sequence of contulakin-G shows a high degree of similarity to the neurotensin family of peptides. Synthetic peptide replicates of Gal(beta-->3) GalNAc(alpha-->)Thr10 contulakin-G and its nonglycosylated analog were prepared using an Fmoc (9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) protected solid phase synthesis strategy. The synthetic glycosylated con- tulakin-G, when administered intracerebroventricular into mice, was found to result in motor control-associated dysfunction observed for the native peptide. Contulakín-G was found to be active at 10-fold lower doses than the nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G analog. The binding affinities of contulakin-G and the nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G for a number of neurotensin receptor types including the human neurotensin type 1 receptor (hNTR1), the rat neurotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors, and the mouse neurotensin type 3 receptor were determined. The binding affinity of the nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G was approximately an order of magnitude lower than that of neurotensin1-13 for all the receptor types tested. In contrast, the glycosylated form of contulakin-G exhibited significantly weaker binding affinity for all of the receptors tested. However, both contulakin-G and nonglycosylated Thr10 contulakin-G were found to be potent agonists of rat neurotensin receptor type 1. Based on these results, we conclude that O-linked glycosylation appears to be a highly unusual strategy for increasing the efficacy of toxins directed against neurotransmitter receptors.
Published: 1999
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15. A selective analog for the somatostatin sst1-receptor subtype expressed by human tumors.

Author: Reubi JC, Schaer JC, Waser B, Hoeger C, and Rivier J
Subjects: Autoradiography, Binding, Competitive drug effects, Humans, In Situ Hybridization, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Neoplasms metabolism, Receptors, Somatostatin drug effects, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives, Somatostatin pharmacology
Abstract: Somatostatin mediates its actions through five different somatostatin receptor subtypes, sst1-sst5. Recently, the somatostatin analogs des-AA1,2,5-[D-Trp8, IAmp9]somatostatin and des-AA1,5-[Tyr2, D-Trp8, IAmp9]somatostatin were synthesized and shown to be sst1-selective when tested in COS-7 cells transfected with each of the sst subtypes. In the present study, we tested the binding affinity and specificity of the iodinatable analog in primary human tumors expressing various sst subtypes, selected on the basis of in situ hybridization experiments. Des-AA1,5-[Tyr2, D-Trp8, IAmp9]somatostatin was found to have a high affinity, comparable to that of the natural somatostatin-28, for sst1-expressing tumors such as prostate cancers. However, it had no affinity for tumors expressing the sst2, sst3, or sst5 subtypes. For comparison, the somatostatin analogs octreotide or Tyr3-octreotide have no affinity for sst1-expressing tumors, but high affinity for sst2- and sst5-expressing tumors and intermediate affinity for sst3-expressing tumors. These data represent the first characterization of a sst1-selective analog in human tumors; it may be of potential use in the therapy of sst1-expressing tumors as an antiproliferative agent, as well as providing a lead compound for the development of more potent sst1-selective radioligands for in vivo tumor scintigraphy.
Published: 1998
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16. Identification of ligand binding determinants in the somatostatin receptor subtypes 1 and 2.

Author: Liapakis G, Fitzpatrick D, Hoeger C, Rivier J, Vandlen R, and Reisine T
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Binding, Competitive, Chlorocebus aethiops, Ligands, Membrane Glycoproteins chemistry, Membrane Glycoproteins metabolism, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptides chemistry, Peptides metabolism, Receptors, Somatostatin chemistry, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Structure-Activity Relationship, Receptors, Somatostatin metabolism
Abstract: The somatostatin (SRIF) receptors (SSTRs) 1 and 2 bind SRIF and SRIF 28 with high affinity, although a number of synthetic hexapeptide and octapeptide analogs of SRIF bind selectively to SSTR2. Extracellular loop three and its adjoining trans-membrane-spanning regions contain elements essential for the binding of such analogs to murine SSTR2. In particular, a stretch of amino acids from residues 294-297 (FDFV) in murine SSTR2 in trans-membrane domain seven can determine affinity for the SSTR2-selective analogs. Within this region, Phe294 has previously been predicted to be essential for the binding of octapeptides (Kaupmann, K., Bruns, C., Raulf, F., Weber, H., Mattes, H., and Lubbert, H. (1995) EMBO J. 14, 727-735) based on the observation that SSTR1 can bind the octapeptide SMS-201-995 with reasonable affinity after a Ser-to-Phe conversion in the analogous region of this receptor (SSTR1S305F). We find that SSTR1S305F has low affinity for a number of SSTR2-selective hexapeptides, suggesting that these analogs have different binding requirements than SMS-201-995. A correlation is seen between the ability of SSTR1S305F to bind hexapeptide analogs and the presence of a phenylalanine, but not tyrosine, at position two in these small cyclic molecules. Thus, a single hydroxyl group in hexapeptides can play a critical role in determining receptor binding to these receptor mutants. We also find that the second extracellular loop of SSTR1 is important for the selectivity of certain SRIF agonists for binding to SSTR1. Taken together, our data indicate that there are multiple elements in the somatostatin receptors that can determine the binding affinity and selectivity of peptide analogs.
Published: 1996
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17. Development of a selective agonist at the somatostatin receptor subtype sstr1.

Author: Liapakis G, Hoeger C, Rivier J, and Reisine T
Subjects: Animals, Binding, Competitive, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Guanosine Triphosphate pharmacology, Humans, Kinetics, Mice, Radioligand Assay, Receptors, Somatostatin classification, Somatostatin pharmacology, Cells, Cultured drug effects, Receptors, Somatostatin drug effects, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives
Abstract: Somatostatin (SRIF) induces its biological actions by interacting with a family of five recently cloned receptors. SRIF receptor subtype, SSTR1, has high affinity for SRIF, but no ligand has been available that selectively binds to this receptor. Desamino acid(1,2,5) [DTryptophan8, N-p-isopropl-4-aminomethyl-l-phenylalanine9]SRIF(des-AA1,2,5 [DT rp8, IAmp9]SRIF inhibits the binding of [125ITyr11]SRIF to the cloned human SSTR1 with an affinity of 1.8+0.7nM, but does not bind to the other cloned SRIF receptors. des-AA1,5[125ITyr2,DTrp8,IAmp9]SRIF bound selectively, potently and saturably to SSTR1 with a Kd of 0.5 + 0.1 nM and a maximal binding density of 226 +/- 56 fmol/mg of protein. The binding of des-AA1,5[125ITyr2,DTrp8,IAmp9]SRIF to SSTR1 was potently inhibited by SRIF, [DTrp8]SRIF, des-AA1,2,5[DTrp8,IAmp9,DSer13]SRIF and SRIF 28 with K, values of 0.7+0.3, 0.2+0.2, 4.3+0.7 and 0.6+0.1 nM, respectively. SRIF analogs that selectively bind to SSTR2 and SSTR5 were impotent in displacing des-AA1,5[125ITyr2,DTrp8,IAmp9]SRIF from human SSTR1. des-AA1,5[125ITyr2,DTrp8,IAmp9]SRIF binding to SSTR1 expressed in COS-7 cells was reduced by GTPgS, and this effect was prevented by pertussis toxin treatment. In contrast, the binding of[125ITyr11]SRIF to SSTR1 was not affected by these treatments. These findings indicate that des-AA1,5[125ITyr2,DTrp8,IAmp9]SRIF may bind to SSTR1 in a defferent manner than SRIF. des-AA1,2,5[DTrp8,IAmp9]SRIF and its tyrosine analog are the first ligands that selectively bind to SSTR1 with high affinity and should be useful in localizing and determining the functional properties of this receptor.
Published: 1996

18. Phosphorylation of CREB at Ser-133 induces complex formation with CREB-binding protein via a direct mechanism.

Author: Parker D, Ferreri K, Nakajima T, LaMorte VJ, Evans R, Koerber SC, Hoeger C, and Montminy MR
Subjects: 3T3 Cells, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Binding Sites, Binding, Competitive, CREB-Binding Protein, Circular Dichroism, Cross-Linking Reagents, Cyclic AMP pharmacology, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases metabolism, Mice, Models, Biological, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutagenesis, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Peptide Fragments genetics, Phosphorylation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Protein Binding, Protein Structure, Secondary, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Serine metabolism, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription, Genetic, Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein metabolism, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Peptide Fragments metabolism, Trans-Activators, Transcription Factors metabolism
Abstract: We have characterized a phosphoserine binding domain in the coactivator CREB-binding protein (CBP) which interacts with the protein kinase A-phosphorylated, and hence activated, form of the cyclic AMP-responsive factor CREB. The CREB binding domain, referred to as KIX, is alpha helical and binds to an unstructured kinase-inducible domain in CREB following phosphorylation of CREB at Ser-133. Phospho-Ser-133 forms direct contacts with residues in KIX, and these contacts are further stabilized by hydrophobic residues in the kinase-inducible domain which flank phospho-Ser-133. Like the src homology 2 (SH2) domains which bind phosphotyrosine-containing peptides, phosphoserine 133 appears to coordinate with a single arginine residue (Arg-600) in KIX which is conserved in the CBP-related protein P300. Since mutagenesis of Arg-600 to Gln severely reduces CREB-CBP complex formation, our results demonstrate that, as in the case of tyrosine kinase pathways, signal transduction through serine/threonine kinase pathways may also require protein interaction motifs which are capable of recognizing phosphorylated amino acids.
Published: 1996
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19. Neuropeptide-E-I antagonizes the action of melanin-concentrating hormone on stress-induced release of adrenocorticotropin in the rat.

Author: Bluet-Pajot MT, Presse F, Voko Z, Hoeger C, Mounier F, Epelbaum J, and Nahon JL
Subjects: Animals, Basal Metabolism, Circadian Rhythm, Growth Hormone blood, Hypothalamic Hormones genetics, Injections, Intraventricular, Male, Melanins genetics, Microinjections, Pituitary Hormones genetics, Prolactin blood, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Recombinant Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone blood, Hypothalamic Hormones antagonists & inhibitors, Hypothalamic Hormones pharmacology, Melanins antagonists & inhibitors, Melanophores, Peptide Fragments pharmacology, Pituitary Hormones antagonists & inhibitors, Stress, Physiological metabolism
Abstract: The physiological role of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in mammals is still very elusive, but this peptide might participate in the central control of the hypothalamopituitary adrenal (HPA) axis during adaptation to stress. Cloning and sequencing of the rat MCH (rMCH) cDNA revealed the existence of additional peptides encoded into the MCH precursor. Among these peptides, neuropeptide (N) glutamic acid (E) isoleucine (I) amide (NEI) is co-processed and secreted with MCH in rat hypothalamus. In the present work we examined: (1) The pattern of rMCH mRNA expression during the light and dark conditions in the rat hypothalamus and (2) The effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of rMCH and NEI in the control of basal or ether stress-modified release of corticotropin (ACTH), prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) secretion in vivo in light-on and light-off conditions. Our data indicate that rMCH mRNA levels do not change during the light-on period, but increase after the onset of darkness. Either alone or co-administered, rMCH and NEI do not modify basal secretion of GH and PRL at any time tested nor do they alter ether stress-induced changes in these two hormonal secretions. At the end of the light on period corresponding to the peak of the circadian rhythm in ACTH, administration of rMCH but not NEI leads to a decrease in ACTH levels while MCH is not effective during the light off period of the cycle (i.e. when basal ACTH levels are already low). Using a moderate ether induced stress, ACTH levels are only stimulated during the dark phase of the cycle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Published: 1995
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20. Molecular and functional characterization of GnRH receptors cloned from rat pituitary and a mouse pituitary tumor cell line.

Author: Perrin MH, Bilezikjian LM, Hoeger C, Donaldson CJ, Rivier J, Haas Y, and Vale WW
Subjects: Affinity Labels, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Cell Line, Chlorocebus aethiops, Cloning, Molecular, Gene Expression, In Vitro Techniques, Inositol Phosphates metabolism, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA, Messenger genetics, Rats, Signal Transduction, Transfection, Receptors, LHRH physiology
Abstract: A cDNA for a GnRH receptor (mtGnRH-R) was obtained from a mouse gonadotropic pituitary cell line (alpha T3-1) by expression cloning. This full-length cDNA was subsequently used as a probe to clone a rat pituitary GnRH receptor (rGnRH-R). The two receptors differ by 13 amino acids and are 100% identical to those recently reported. The analysis of the cloned receptors by photoaffinity-labeling followed by SDS-PAGE reveals a major band of approximately 70 kDa. This is in contrast to the native rat pituitary and mouse alpha T3-1 receptors whose major labeled species migrate with an apparent size of approximately 45 kDa. Functional studies reveal that both receptors, when transiently expressed in COSM6 cells, can bind GnRH with high affinity and transduce the stimulation of IP3 accumulation in response to GnRH.
Published: 1993
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21. An expanded nomenclature scheme for labeling peptide fragmentations and its use with 'AMASS', a computer program for generating all possible fragment ion structures from known precursors.

Author: Craig AG, Koerber SC, Porter J, Hoeger C, and Rivier JE
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence, Heterocyclic Compounds, Molecular Sequence Data, Protein Precursors, Software, Somatostatin, Terminology as Topic, Peptide Fragments
Abstract: A nomenclature scheme for exhaustively labeling peptide fragment ions is proposed. The scheme is based on IUPAC nomenclature and the previously proposed Roepstorff nomenclature scheme used to label fragment ions in linear peptides. The descriptor used is specifically defined in order to increase the number of peptide and side chain linkages to which the nomenclature scheme can be applied compared with the Roepstorff scheme. The proposed descriptor can be used unambiguously to assign all possible fragments from linear, cyclized, branched, extended (i.e. beta-amino acids) and retro inverso peptides. A significant advantage of the proposed scheme is its simple interface with the currently accepted Roepstorff scheme. This nomenclature scheme is able to label all theoretical fragments generated by the computer program 'AMASS'. AMASS is proposed as a means of systematically calculating the mass of all possible fragment ions from known precursor structures. The program can help determine whether a peptide fragment was derived from an internal sequence fragment or a combination of side chain and backbone cleavages. The program AMASS and the proposed nomenclature scheme are used to illustrate a procedure for identifying fragment ions in the metastable product ion spectrum of somatostatin-14. We envisage that this procedure will be useful for identifying fragment ions which are characteristic of particular structural arrangements in dicyclic and polycyclic peptides.
Published: 1993
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22. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists with N omega-triazolylornithine, -lysine, or -p-aminophenylalanine residues at positions 5 and 6.

Author: Rivier J, Porter J, Hoeger C, Theobald P, Craig AG, Dykert J, Corrigan A, Perrin M, Hook WA, and Siraganian RP
Subjects: Animals, Female, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone analogs & derivatives, Histamine Release drug effects, Luteinizing Hormone metabolism, Male, Oligopeptides chemistry, Oligopeptides pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Structure-Activity Relationship, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone antagonists & inhibitors, Oligopeptides chemical synthesis
Abstract: In order to be used as fertility regulators in humans, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists must be extremely potent and long acting and exhibit negligible side effects such as stimulating histamine release. To this aim, we have recently synthesized a series of analogues with the standard Ac-DNal1-DCpa2-DPal3 substitutions, where the N omega-amino function of ornithine, lysine, or p-aminophenylalanine (Aph) was converted to the aminotriazolyl (atz) derivatives at positions 5 and 6 with further modifications at positions 7 and 10. The analogues were tested for their ability to bind to pituitary cell membranes, to release histamine in a mast cell assay, to inhibit luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion by castrated male rats or cultured pituitary cells, and to interfere with the ovulation in intact female rats. While the subcutaneous (sc) injection of 50 micrograms of Azaline A (7, [Ac-DNal1,DCpa2,DPal3,Lys5(atz),DLys6++ +(atz),ILys8,DAla10]GnRH) dissolved in 0.2 mL of an aqueous media significantly inhibited LH release in the castrated male rat for 24 h, the same dose of Azaline B (11), [Ac-DNal1,DCpa2,DPal3,Aph5(atz),DAph6++ +(atz),ILys8,DAla10]GnRH, inhibited LH release for 72 h. A similar long duration of action was observed for Antide ([Ac-DNal1,DCpa2,DPal3,Lys5(Nic),DLys6(Nic ),ILys8,DAla10]GnRH) but not for Nal-Glu ([Ac-DNal1,DCpa2,DPal3,Arg5,4-(pmethoxybenzoy l)-D-2-Abu6,DAla10]GnRH). In the same paradigm, a 5-fold dilution of the peptide (50 micrograms in 1 mL) and the use of three injection sites rather than one resulted in significantly shorter duration of action for most of the peptides tested. This suggested that long duration of action might be the result of slow release from the injection site(s). In order to investigate this possibility, Nal-Glu and Azaline B were injected intravenously (i.v.) at three doses (10, 50, 250 micrograms) to castrated male rats. At all doses, both peptides significantly lowered LH levels for 8 h. By 24 h, Nal-Glu (250 micrograms) and Azaline B (50 and 250 micrograms) still measurably inhibited LH secretion. Finally, only Azaline B (250 micrograms) was still active at 48 h. These findings demonstrate that subtle structural modifications will yield peptides with different half-lives after iv administration. These findings led us to investigate the effects of other structural modifications on duration of action. We observed that systematic substitutions at positions 7 (NMeLeu) and 10 (Pro9-NHEt, and Gly-NH2) were found to be deleterious. Of interest was the observation that only the DAla10-NH2 substitution led to long duration of action and enzymatic stability under the conditions tested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Published: 1992
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23. Characterization of endothelin secretion by vascular endothelial cells.

Author: Hexum TD, Hoeger C, Rivier JE, Baird A, and Brown MR
Subjects: Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Endothelins, Endothelium, Vascular cytology, Endothelium, Vascular drug effects, Peptides analysis, Rabbits, Radioimmunoassay, Transforming Growth Factors pharmacology, Endothelium, Vascular metabolism, Peptides metabolism
Abstract: The characterization of mechanisms that regulate ET-LP secretion from bovine adrenal cortical capillary endothelial cells (ACE) in culture was performed by developing radioimmunoassays that distinguish between ET1-21 (AbET1-21) and ET1-39 (AbET1-39). The conditioned media (DMEM) content of ET-like immunoreactivity (ET1-21LI) increased from 50 to 350 pg/ml over a 24 h period. Addition of 10% calf serum or 0.1% BSA enhanced ET1-21LI release 2-3 fold. Authenticity of ET1-21LI was examined using reversed phase liquid chromatography. All ET1-21LI co-eluted with authentic ET-1. Examination of ET1-39IR by liquid chromatography revealed two peaks of immunoreactivity, one co-eluting with authentic ET22-39 and a later running peak co-eluting with authentic ET1-39. Neither ET1-21LI nor ET1-39LI was detected in the extracts of sonicated ACE cells. Treatment of cells with various forms of TGF beta significantly augmented ET1-21LI release. These data suggest that ACE secretion of ET-LP in vitro spontaneously and can be enhanced by TGFss. Since neither ET1-21 LI nor ET1-39 LI was detectable detectable in ACE cells it is unlikely that ET-LP are stored prior to their secretion.
Published: 1990
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24. Preparative-scale synthesis and reversed-phase purification of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist.

Author: Hoeger C, Porter J, Boublik J, and River J
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence, Chemical Phenomena, Chemistry, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Molecular Sequence Data, Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones isolation & purification, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones antagonists & inhibitors
Abstract: The preparation of "Nal-Glu" antagonist (Ac-D-Nal-D-Cpa-D-Pal-Ser-Arg- D-2-amino-5-oxo-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)pentanoic acid-Leu-Arg-Pro-D-Ala-NH2) was accomplished in two steps: (i) preparation of [Ac-D-Nal1, D-Cpa2, D-Pal3, Arg5, D-Glu6, D-Ala10]-GnRH via standard solid-phase synthetic techniques and (ii) acylation of anisole (Friedel-Crafts) by the glutamic acid residue in position 6. The preparative-scale, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) purification of the crude "Nal-Glu" antagonist employs first a triethylammonium phosphate (TEAP) (pH 2.25)-acetonitrile solvent system, followed by an HPLC-based desalting procedure, yielding the acetate salt of the peptide. This repetitive process of purification in TEAP-acetonitrile, followed by counter-ion exchange with 0.5% acetic acid-acetonitrile is highly reproducible and allows large amounts of a given peptide to be purified efficiently in a batchwise fashion. The procedure described for the synthesis, purification and characterization of the "Nal-Glu" antagonist is presented as a model for the multi-gram synthesis and purification of peptides to be used in clinical investigations.
Published: 1989
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25. Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone from rat hypothalamus.

Author: Vaughan JM, Fischer WH, Hoeger C, Rivier J, and Vale W
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acids analysis, Animals, Chromatography, Affinity, Chromatography, Gel, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Molecular Sequence Data, Radioimmunoassay, Rats, Salmon, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Hypothalamic Hormones, Hypothalamus analysis, Melanins isolation & purification, Pituitary Hormones isolation & purification
Abstract: A melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-like peptide was isolated from rat hypothalamus by acid extraction, gel filtration chromatography, immunoaffinity chromatography using antiserum directed against salmon MCH, and two steps of HPLC using octadecyl columns. Several zones of immunoreactivity were isolated, and Edman degradation in a gas phase sequencer indicated that the amino acid sequence of all zones was identical. Rat hypothalamic MCH is a nonadecapeptide which differs from salmon MCH by an N-terminal extension of two amino acids and four additional substitutions. Rat MCH has the following primary structure: Asp-Phe-Asp-Met-Leu-Arg-Cys-Met-Leu-Gly-Arg-Val-Tyr-Arg-Pro-Cys-Trp-Gln- Val.
Published: 1989
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25 results on '"C. Hoeger"'

1. The tracking calorimeter and muon detectors of the H1 experiment at Hera

2. Leptoquarks and Compositeness Scales from a Contact Interaction Analysis of Deep Inelastic $e^\pm \, p$ Scattering at HERA

3. Determination of the strong coupling constant from jet rates in deep inelastic scattering

4. A study of the fragmentation of quarks in $e^-p$ collisions at Hera

5. Observation of hard processes in rapidity gap events in γp interactions at HERA

6. A measurement of the proton structure function <tex>F_{2}$</tex> (x, <tex>Q^{**}2)$</tex>

7. Deep inelastic scattering events with a large rapidity gap at HERA

8. Inclusive photoproduction of single charged particles at high p$_{T}$

9. Novel sst(4)-selective somatostatin (SRIF) agonists. 1. Lead identification using a betide scan.

10. Potent somatostatin undecapeptide agonists selective for somatostatin receptor 1 (sst1).

11. SST3-selective potent peptidic somatostatin receptor antagonists.

12. Somatostatin receptor gene expression in neuroblastoma.

13. Structural basis for the binding specificity of a SSTR1-selective analog of somatostatin.

14. Contulakin-G, an O-glycosylated invertebrate neurotensin.

15. A selective analog for the somatostatin sst1-receptor subtype expressed by human tumors.

16. Identification of ligand binding determinants in the somatostatin receptor subtypes 1 and 2.

17. Development of a selective agonist at the somatostatin receptor subtype sstr1.

18. Phosphorylation of CREB at Ser-133 induces complex formation with CREB-binding protein via a direct mechanism.

19. Neuropeptide-E-I antagonizes the action of melanin-concentrating hormone on stress-induced release of adrenocorticotropin in the rat.

20. Molecular and functional characterization of GnRH receptors cloned from rat pituitary and a mouse pituitary tumor cell line.

21. An expanded nomenclature scheme for labeling peptide fragmentations and its use with 'AMASS', a computer program for generating all possible fragment ion structures from known precursors.

22. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists with N omega-triazolylornithine, -lysine, or -p-aminophenylalanine residues at positions 5 and 6.

23. Characterization of endothelin secretion by vascular endothelial cells.

24. Preparative-scale synthesis and reversed-phase purification of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist.

25. Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone from rat hypothalamus.

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