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The development of lightweight protective structures of increased ballistic resistance is not an easy task, since often there are conflicting requirements in terms of cost, weight, thickness, materials availability, processability, etc. To assess the effectiveness of protective structures one should use methods that allow to research the obstacles destruction when collided with high-speed particles. The paper is devoted to the actual problem of studying the ballistic stability of thin barriers made of various protective materials (steel, titanium alloy, ceramics, metal ceramics) when interacting with a metal fragment simulator a spherical steel drummer in the range of interaction speeds of about 2500 m/s. An experimental technique has been developed to study the most important indicators: the depth of a crater in an obstacle, a fragment's velocity drop when interacting with protection, the obstacle's and splinter's fragments scattering in overgraded space. Mathematical modeling was carried out within the framework of continuum mechanics, which adequately describes the interaction process of the drummer and the obstacle under various impact conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the manufacture of transparent armor of high class protection, as a rule, reinforced silicate glasses, as well as transparent ceramics, are used. Since these materials are resiliently brittle, they can be used only in transparent multilayered barriers with protective back films for protection against high-speed fragmentation elements and bullets. Plexiglass or polycarbonate is most often used as the back layer. The barrier's face layer must have a hardness substantially higher than the hardness of the drummer's material, and the Hugonievskii elasticity limit must exceed the shock-wave pressure arising at the initial stage in the barrier. The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model that allows, within the framework of a porous elastic-plastic medium with regard to various fracture mechanisms, to calculate the impact interaction of fragmentation elements with transparent armor. Numerical research was conducted with the help of copyright software systems. Experimental studies of the collision of transparent armor with a splinter simulator in the speed range of 1500... 2500 m / s were carried out with the use of throwing installations of the NRI AMM TSU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of experiments series with electrothermal chemical (ETC) control of ballistic parameters of a shot at a laboratory installation are reported. The combustion of granular gunpowder is analyzed under conditions of ETC control of the ballistic parameters of the shot. The dependences of the combustion parameters of the granular gunpowder on the level of the introduced energy and the initial temperature of the granular gunpowder are obtained. The reduction of the ballistic parameters of the shot was simulated as the level of the introduced energy was increased into a gunpowder. Reduction of ballistic parameters of the shot is simulated. The agreement of experimental and calculated results is presented. Parametric studies of the ETC control possibilities for the ballistic parameters of the shot in the range of input energy of 3-30 kJ and different initial temperatures granular gunpowder have been carried out. The shot conditions are determined which make it possible to compensate the temperature gradient at the muzzle velocity of the projectile in the range of initial temperatures from 223 K to 293 K. The basis of the research was the experimental results obtained on the laboratory ballistic stand of the Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanic at Tomsk State University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A theoretical research of the model shot modernization using high-energy paste-like propellants (PP) as a travelling charge (TC) for a 130 mm caliber installation was carried out. To simulate the shot on the 130 caliber installation, the model parameters were calculated based on the analysis of experimental data obtained on a 30-mm model ballistic installation at the Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanic at Tomsk State University. It was necessary to assess the possibility of shot modernization at the expense of the TC on the installation of 130 mm caliber. Using the ballistic parameters obtained on the model installation, a parametric study was carried out for a single-segment and two-segment PP, in order to determine the most optimal loading parameters that will increase the muzzle velocity of the projectile. The research was conducted in three stages. At the first stage, the possibility of modernization the shot was tested, in which only one type of PP was used as a PP - PP-2. At the second stage, the possibility of using two segmented PP with a constant mass of the PP-1 retarder was investigated, and at the third stage, the retarder mass increased by 66.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As it was shown earlier in the authors works, powder propellant charge modernization is possible by using paste-like propellants as an upper semi-charge, used as a travelling charge to push the projectile in the barrel. Advantages of this technology is to increase a loading density and a propellant charge mass, and, consequently, to increase propellant charge energy. The use of this technology leads to a redistribution of the energy of combustion products in the projection space. In this paper, there is carried out a theoretical parametric study of the muzzle bullet velocity increasing possibility while maintaining maximum pressure using model paste-like propellants, under conditions of a Mosin rifle shot. Theoretical results obtained and analyzed. A comparison is carried out on the ballistic shot parameters of a classical loading scheme and a scheme with a combined propelling charge using model pasty propellants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the complex problem of increasing the penetration power of impactors from highly porous tungsten-based composites by improving their strength properties doping with hardening components. The samples of impactors based on a porous alloy (tungsten + nickel + iron + cobalt) with a 90% tungsten content doped with tungsten carbide and cobalt WCo8 in various concentrations were developed by liquid-phase sintering method. Dynamic tests and mathematical simulation of the interaction of impactors from the developed alloys are carried out at a velocity of collision with a steel shield is in the range 1100 … 2800 m/s. It is shown that the kinetic impactors from the developed composites have high penetrating power into the steel shield in comparison with the weight and size of monolithic tungsten alloy analog during high velocity collision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problems of the defense industry occupy the most important place in the constantly developing modern world. The daily development of defense technology does not stop, nor do studies on internal ballistics. The scientists of the whole world are faced with the task of managing the main characteristics of a ballistic experiment. The main characteristics of the ballistic experiment are the maximum pressure in the combustion chamber Pmax and the projected velocity at the time of barrel leaving UM. During the work the combustion law of the new high-energy fuel was determined in a ballistic experiment for different initial temperatures. This combustion law was used for a parametric study of depending Pmax and UM from a powder charge mass and a traveling charge was carried out. The optimal conditions for loading were obtained for improving the initial velocity at pressures up to 600 MPa for different initial temperatures. In this paper, one of the most promising schemes of throwing is considered, as well as a method for increasing the muzzle velocity of a projected element to 3317 m/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article two series of ballistic experiments conducted according to the scheme of electrothermal chemical control of ballistic parameters of the shot at the Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of Tomsk State University (RIAMM TSU, Russia) are considered. The experimental part of the work is described. The analysis of the electro physical data of ballistic experiments is carried out. A methodical approach that allows to take into account the entry of an electric discharge plasma in a gunpowder in the mathematical model of internal ballistic processes in barrel systems is proposed and tested. Under the conditions of these experiments, the effects of various characteristics of the plasmatron on the nature of the energy entry are estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work presents opportunities of hydroballistic complex for studying the characteristics of movement supercavitation model (SCM) on the length of waterway to 10 m. Gunfire of SCM implemented by this complex allows to study movement and collision of the different masses of SCM with underwater obstacles at subsonic, transonic and supersonic velocities in water. During the movement of SCM different masses the behavior supercavity was investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present calculating and experimental study of high-speed interaction between explosive content, protected by layered-spaced design, and the cermet impactor in wide speed range. An experimental technique and mathematical model of during the behavior of explosives, protected by layer-spaced design, by with high-speed impact. The process of the interaction between the cermet impactor and element of the protective design is customized and depends on the materials of the interacting bodies, the speed and angle of impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Special features of material behavior of a supercavitating projectile are investigated at various initial velocities of entering water on the basis of the developed stress-strain state model with possibility of destruction of solids when moving in water and interacting with various underwater barriers with the use of consistent methodological approach of mechanics of continuous media. The calculation-experimental method was used to study the modes of motion of supercavitating projectiles at sub- and supersonic velocities in water medium after acceleration in the barrelled accelerator, as well as their interaction with barriers. Issues of stabilization of the supercavitating projectile on the initial flight path in water were studied. Microphotographs of state of solids made of various materials, before and after interaction with water, at subsonic and supersonic velocities were presented. Supersonic velocity of the supercavitating projectile motion in water of 1590 m/s was recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The given article presents the conducted calculation and experimental study on destruction of heat-resistant coating material of an aircraft in the process of high-speed interaction of the steel spherical projectile. The projectile is imitating a meteoric particle. The study was conducted in the wide range of velocities. The mathematical behavioral model of heat-resistant coating under high-speed impact was developed. The interaction of ameteoric particle with an element of the protective structure has especially individual character and depends on impact velocity and angle, materials of the interacting solids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]