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7. Filling in biodiversity threat gaps

Author

Joppa, L. N., O'Connor, B., Visconti, P., Smith, C., Geldmann, J., Hoffmann, M., Watson, J. E. M., Butchart, S. H. M., Virah-Sawmy, M., Halpern, B. S., Ahmed, S. E., Balmford, A., Sutherland, W. J., Harfoot, M., Hilton-Taylor, C., Foden, W., Di Minin, E., Pagad, S., Genovesi, P., Hutton, J., and Burgess, N. D.

Published
2016

10. Introduction

Author

Burgess, N., Jeffery, K. J., and O'Keefe, J.

Published
1997

11. Who is at risk of death from nephrectomy? An analysis of thirty‐day mortality after 21 380 nephrectomies in 3 years of the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) National Nephrectomy Audit

Author

Fernando, Archie, Fowler, Sarah, Van Hemelrijck, Mieke, OʼBrien, Tim, Abbasi, Z., Adamson, A. S., Addla, S. K., Adeyoju, A. A., Adshead, J. M., Afzal, N., Aho, T. F., Akhtar, M., Al‐Akraa, M., Al‐Sudani, M., Alam, A., Allan, J., Almond, D. J., Anderson, C. J., Andrews, S. J., Apakama, I., Armitage, T., Armitage, J., Awsare, N., Ayres, B., Banerjee, G. K., Barber, N. J., Barua, J. M., Basu, S., Bdesha, A. S., Beacock, C. J. M., Beatty, J., O Beck, R., Belal, M., Bell, C. R. W., Bhanot, S. M., Bhatt, R., Bhatti, A., Biyani, C. S., Blacker, A. J., Blades, R. A., Blake, C., Blake‐James, B., Boddy, J., Bromage, S. J., Bromwich, E., Brown, C., Browning, A. J., Bryan, N. P., Burgess, N. A., Burns‐Cox, N., Butterworth, P. C., Bycroft, J., Calleary, J. G., Calvert, R. C., Campbell, I., Campbell, C. A., Cannon, A., Carter, P. G., Carter, C. J. M., Cartledge, J. J., Casey, R., Chakravarti, A., Challacombe, B., Chandrasekharan, S., Chappell, B. G., Chaudry, A., Chen, T. F., Cherian, J., Choi, W. H., Chow, K., Clavijo Eisele, J., Cliff, A. M., Cohen, N. P., Cole, O. J., Collins, J., Connolly, S., Cooke, P. W., Cooksey, G., Cornaby, A. J., Cornford, P. A., Corr, J. G., Coulthard, R., Cranston, D. W., Cresswell, J., Crundwell, M. C., Cutinha, P. E., Cynk, M., Daruwala, P. D., Dasgupta, P., Datta, S. N., Davenport, K., de Bolla, A. R., Devarajan, R., Dickerson, D. A. G., Dickinson, A. J., Doherty, A. P., Donaldson, P. J., Dudderidge, T., Dyer, J., Eaton, J., Eddy, B., Eden, C. G., Elsaghir, M., Evans, S. D., Fiala, R., Fordham, M. V. P., Foster, M. C., French, A. J., Frymann, R. J., Gall, Z. J., Gallegos, C. R. R., Gana, H. B. Y., Garnett, S., Ghei, M., Gibbons, N., Gilbert, H. W., Gillatt, D. A., Glackin, A., Godbole, H. C., Golash, A., Goodman, C. M., Gowardhan, B., Green, J. S. A., Griffiths, T. R. L., Gujral, S., Gunendran, T., Hagan, C. M., Haldar, N., Hanbury, D. C., Harney, J., Hasan, S. T., Hawkyard, S. J., Hayes, M. C., Haynes, M. D., Henderson, A., Hicks, J. A., Hindley, R. G., Hodgson, D. J., Hotston, M., Howell, G. P., Hrouda, D., Hughes, O. D. M., Hunter‐Campbell, P., Ilie, C., Issa, R., Jain, S., Jain, A., Janjua, K. S., Javle, P., Johnson, P., Johnson, M. I., Jones, A., Joshi, H., Joyce, A. D., Kanaga‐Sundaram, S., Karim, O. M. A., Keeley, F. X., Kelkar, A., Kelleher, J. P., Khan, A., Khattak, A. Q., Khoubehi, B., Kimuli, M., Kirollos, M. M., Kockelbergh, R. C., Kooiman, G., Koupparis, A., Kumar, P., Kynaston, H. G., Laniado, M. E., Larner, T., Latif, Z., Lau, M. W., le Roux, P. J., Leung, S., Leveckis, J., Lewis, G., Liston, T. G., Lockyer, C. R. W., Lodge, R. N., Luscombe, C. J., Lynch, M., Lynch, C., Lynn, N. N. K., MacDermott, J. P., Mackie, S., Madaan, S., Maddineni, S.B., Maheshkumar, P., Makar, A. A., Makunde, J. T., Manikandan, R., Mann, G. S., Mantle, M., Mark, I. R., Matanhelia, S. S., McCabe, J., McClinton, S., McFarlane, J. P., McInerney, P. D., McIntyre, I. G., McLarty, E., McLornan, M. E., McLoughlin, J., McNeill, S. A., Mehta, S., Mellon, J. K., Menezes, P., Mills, R. D., Mokete, M., Montague, R., Morton, A. L., Motiwala, H. G., Mulholland, C. K., Mumtaz, F. H., Munro, N., Myatt, A., Nair, M., Namasivayam, S., Napier‐Hemy, R. D., Nathan, S., Neilson, D., Nicol, D. L., Nuttall, M., OʼBrien, T. S., OʼKane, H. F., OʼRiordan, A., Oades, G., Oakley, N., Okeke, A. A., Olsburgh, J., Paez, E., Page, T., Parkin, J., Parys, B. T., Patel, P., Patel, N., Patel, B., Pathak, S., Patil, K., Paul, A. B., Payne, D., Peracha, A. M., Peters, J. L., Phillips, S. M. A., Phillips, J. T., Phipps, S., Pillai, M. K., Potter, J. M., Prescott, S., Rajan, T. N., Rajjayabun, P., Ramani, V. A. C., Rane, A., Ravi, R., Ravichandran, S., Riddick, A. C. P., Rimington, P. D., Rix, G. H., Rix, D., Robinson, L. Q., Rochester, M., Rogawski, K. M., Rogers, A. G., Rowe, E., Sahadevan, K., Samsudin, A., Sandhu, S., Sangar, V. K., Sells, H., Shackley, D. C., Shah, Z., Shaikh, N. N. A., Sharma, H., Sherwood, B., Singh, S., Singh, G., Smith, D. J., Solomon, L., Soomro, N. A., Srinivasan, V., Sriprasad, S. I., Stephenson, R. N., Stewart, A., Stubington, S. R., Subramonian, K., Sullivan, M. E., Taneja, S., Thilagarajah, R., Thomas, S. A., Thomas, D. J., Thomas, B., Thompson, A. C., Thurston, A.V., Turner, K. J., Umez‐Eronini, O. N., Upsdell, S. M., Vale, J. A., Varadaraj, H., Vesey, S. G., Viney, R., Vohra, A. K., Walton, T., Warburton, H. E., Waymont, B., Webster, J. J., Webster, G. M., Wedderburn, A., Wemyss‐Holden, G. D., Weston, R., Whittlestone, T., Wilkinson, S., Wilkinson, B., Williams, S., Wills, M. I., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, I. D., Woodhouse, C. R. J., Wright, M., Yates, D. R., and Young, J. G.

Published
2017
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13. BIG DATA AND BIODIVERSITY: Filling in biodiversity threat gaps

Author

Joppa, L. N., OʼConnor, B., Visconti, P., Smith, C., Geldmann, J., Hoffmann, M., Watson, J. E. M., Butchart, S. H. M., Virah-Sawmy, M., Halpern, B. S., Ahmed, S. E., Balmford, A., Sutherland, W. J., Harfoot, M., Hilton-Taylor, C., Foden, W., Di Minin, E., Pagad, S., Genovesi, P., Hutton, J., and Burgess, N. D.

Published
2016

33. Protecting 30% of the planet for nature: costs, benefits, and economic implications: Working paper analysing the economic implications of the proposed 30% target for areal protection in the draft post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

Author

Waldron, A., Adams, V., Allan, J., Arnell, A., Atkinson, S., Baccini, A., Baillie, J.E.M., Balmford, A., Beau, J.A., Brander, L., Brondizio, E., Bruner, A., Burgess, N., Burkart, K., Butchart, S., Button, R., Carasco, R., Cheung, W., Christensen, V., Clements, A., Coll, M., Di Marco, M., Deguignet, M., Dinerstein, E., Ellis, E., Eppink, F., Ervin, J., Escobedo, A., Fa, J., Fernandes-Llamazares, A., Fernando, S., Fujimori, S., Fulton, B., Garnett, S., Gerber, J., Gill, D., Gopalakrishna, T., Hahn, N., Halpern, B., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Heikinheimo, V., Heneghan, R., Henry, E., Humpenoder, F., Jonas, H., Jones, K., Joppa, L., Joshi, A.R., Jung, M., Kingston, N., Klein, C., Krisztin, T., Lam, V., Leclere, D., Lindsey, P., Locke, H., Lovejoy, T.E., Madgwick, P., Malhi, Y., Malmer, P., Maron, M., Mayorga, J., van Meijl, H., Miller, D., Molnar, Z., Mueller, N., Mukherjee, N., Naidoo, R., Nakamura, K., Nepal, P., Noss, R.F., O’Leary, B., Olson, D., Palcios Abrantes, J., Paxton, M., Popp, A., Possingham, H., Prestemon, J., Reside, A., Robinson, C., Robinson, J., Sala, E., Scherrer, K., Spalding, M., Spenceley, A., Steenbeck, J., Stehfest, E., Strassborg, B., Sumaila, R., Swinnerton, K., Sze, J., Tittensor, D., Toivonen, T., Toledo, A., Negret Torres, P., van Zeist, W.-J., Vause, J., Venter, O., Vilela, T., Visconti, P., Vynne, C., Watson, R., Watson, J., Wikramanayake, E., Williams, B., Wintle, B., Woodley, S., Wu, W., Zander, K., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y.P., and Theoretical and Computational Ecology (IBED, FNWI)

Abstract

The World Economic Forum (WEF) and Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) have both identified biodiversity loss as one of the main threats to global economic prosperity. In particular, this high-level warning specifies that any further loss of natural habitats and biodiversity will cause extensive and costly flooding, climate change, disease emergence and ill health, clean water shortages, loss of crop pollination, decline in productivity, and numerous other risks. All of these negative outcomes are the consequence of degrading the natural infrastructure that supports human economic activity and wellbeing. One of the main policy instruments to slow the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of nature is the creation of protected or conservation areas (simple examples being a Nature Reserve or Marine Reserve). Currently, ~16% of the land and 7.4% of the ocean is in areas designated or proposed for protection (although only 2.5% of the ocean is in highly/fully protected areas). This level of protection is widely acknowledged as being inadequate to achieve biodiversity protection goals. One of the headline proposals for the 15th meeting of the Conference of Parties to the CBD, and Action Target 2 of the draft post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, is to increase the area covered by protected areas (PAs) and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) to 30% of the planet by 2030, including both land and water protection.

Published
2020

34. Reversing terrestrial biodiversity declines due to habitat loss: a multi-model assessment

Author

Leclere, D., Obersteiner, M., Alkemade, R., Almond, R., Barrett, M., Bunting, G., Burgess, N., Butchart, S., Chaudhary, A., Cornell, S., De Palma, A., DeClerck, F., Di Fulvio, F., Di Marco, M., Doelman, J., Dürauer, M., Ferrier, S., Freeman, R., Fritz, S., Fujimori, S., Grooten, M., Harfoot, M., Harwood, T., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Hellweg, S., Herrero, M., Hilbers, J., Hill, S., Hoskins, A., Humpenöder, F., Kram, T., Krisztin, T., Lotze-Campen, H., Mace, G., Matsui, T., Meyer, C., Nel, D., Newbold, T., Ohashi, H., Popp, A., Purvis, A., Schipper, A., Schmidt-Traub, G., Stehfest, E., Strassburg, B., Tabeau, A., Valin, H., van Meijl, H., van Vuuren, D., van Zeist, W., Visconti, P., Ware, C., Watson, J., Wu, W., and Young, L.

Published
2019

35. Proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor mobilizes calcium in human synovial cells

Author

Christensen, Burgess N., Kochukov, Mikhail, McNearney, Terry A., Taglialatela, Giulio, and Westlund, Karin N.

Subjects
Arthritis -- Research, G proteins -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Lowered extracellular pH in a variety of tissues is associated with increased tissue destruction and initiation of inflammatory processes. Although the acid-sensing receptors described previously are ion channels, we describe a G protein-coupled proton-sensitive receptor that stimulates [Ca.sup.2+] release from intracellular stores in a tumor-derived synoviocyte cell line (SW982) and in primary cultures of human synovial cells from patients with inflammatory arthropathies. We established a link between proton-dependent receptor activation and intracellular [Ca.sup.2+] mobilization by demonstrating 1) dependence on the integrity of the intracellular [Ca.sup.2+] store, 2) independence from extracellular [Ca.sup.2+], and 3) proton-induced production of inositol phosphate and 4) by abolishing the effect with GTPase inhibitors. We propose that this G protein-coupled acid-sensing receptor linked to intracellular [Ca.sup.2+] mobilization in synoviocytes can contribute to downstream inflammatory and cellular proliferative processes in synovial fibroblasts. The acid-sensing receptor has distinct characteristics as a metabotropic G protein-coupled receptor on human synoviocytes in this emerging new class of receptors. calcium imaging; synoviocytes; arthritis; acid-sensing receptor

Published
2005

38. Unique temperature-activated neurons from pit viper thermosensors

Author

Pappas, Todd C., Motamedi, Massoud, and Christensen, Burgess N.

Subjects
Snakes -- Research, Neurons -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Unique temperature-activated neurons from pit viper thermosensors. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 287: C1219-C1228, 2004. First published June 22, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00040.2004.--Rattlesnakes, copperheads, and other pit vipers have highly sensitive heat detectors known as pit organs, which are used to sense and strike at prey. However, it is not currently known how temperature change triggers cellular and molecular events that activate neurons supplying the pit organ. We dissociated and cultured neurons from the trigeminal ganglia (TG) innervating the pit organs of the Western Diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) and the copperhead (Agkistrodon contortix) to investigate electrophysiological responses to thermal stimuli. Whole cell voltage-clamp recordings indicated that 75% of the TG neurons from C. atrox and 74% of the TG neurons from A. contortix showed a unique temperature-activated inward current ([I.sub.[DELTA]T]). We also found an [I.sub.[DELTA]T]-like current in 15% of TG neurons from the common garter snake, a species that does not have a specialized heat-sensing organ. A steep rise in the current-temperature relationship of [I.sub.[DELTA]T] started just below 18[degrees]C, and cooling temperature-responsive TG neurons from 20[degrees]C resulted in an outward current, suggesting that [I.sub.[DELTA]T] is on at relatively low temperatures, ion substitution and [Ca.sup.2+] imaging experiments indicated that [I.sub.[DELTA]T] is primarily a monovalent cation current. [I.sub.[DELTA]T] was not sensitive to capsaicin or amiloride, suggesting that the current did not show similar pharmacology to other mammalian heat-sensitive membrane proteins. Our findings indicate that a novel temperature-sensitive conductance with unique ion permeability and low-temperature threshold is expressed in TG neurons and may be involved in highly sensitive heat detection in snakes. snake; thermosensory; trigeminal; ion conductance

Published
2004

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