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The social situation that indigenous people encounter in rural areas of Colombia is linked to social disparities and a dearth of opportunities for their products. Illicitly harvesting coca plants affords them resources they would not receive in the conventional market. This study investigates the feasibility of exporting organic gooseberries cultivated in conflict-affected regions of Colombia to European countries. Such exports could offer a means of crop substitution for indigenous communities that currently rely on coca farming for their sustenance. Additionally, this article features an exploratory analysis of consumer attitudes towards organic cape gooseberry in Namur, Belgium. This study employed surveys of 158 individuals in 2022 to gauge consumer perception and used the ordinary least squares method in the econometric modeling of foreign trade behavior. The modeling utilized 6233 observations between 2015 and 2022 about exports to European nations. Surprisingly, dehydrated gooseberry snacks were found to be the preferred method of consumption in Namur, Belgium, as opposed to fresh fruit. The export of Colombian cape gooseberries has secured a strong presence in Europe, with its price–quantity correlation demonstrating a high inelastic demand. This implies that price changes have minimal impact on the quantities purchased overseas. Organic cape gooseberries have significant potential for indigenous land. However, this study is exploratory and limited to the variables identified in the ICECOMEX databases in Colombia. Further research should consider the consumption of organic cape gooseberries in other European cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses the similarities and differences in the potential wine tourist market, distinguishing between the actual market (AM) and the people “willing to practise wine tourism” (WP). This kind of analysis introduces a new aspect with regards to previous studies which were focused primarily on the AM, which is to say, on interviewing tourists at wineries. The information analysed has been obtained by way of personal interviews with residents of the city of Valencia (Spain). The number of valid interviews was 320. The results indicate that the AM of wine tourists in Valencia comprises 48.5% of the population, while the WP market amounts to 28.2%. Both the AM and those willing to practise wine tourism show considerable interest in wine and cultural heritage. They differ, however, in terms of leisure. There is also agreement among around 60% who indicate that they have paid or would pay around €8 to visit a winery. Among the differences, it is worth noting that the AM has a higher percentage of middle-aged men with university studies and mid-high to high incomes; furthermore, the group is largely made up of individuals who consume wine on a daily basis and have considerable interest and knowledge of the wine world. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]