Search

Objective: The benefit of atropine in pediatric tracheal intubation is not well established. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of atropine on the incidence of hypoxemia and bradycardia during tracheal intubations in the pediatric emergency department. Methods: This is a single-center observational study in a tertiary pediatric emergency department. Data were collected on all tracheal intubations in patients from 31 days to incomplete 20 years old, performed between January 2016 and September 2020. Procedures were divided into two groups according to the use or not of atropine as a premedication during intubation. Records with missing data, patients with cardiorespiratory arrest, cyanotic congenital heart diseases, and those with chronic lung diseases with baseline hypoxemia were excluded. The primary outcome was hypoxemia (peripheral oxygen saturation ≤88%), while the secondary outcomes were bradycardia (decrease in heart rate >20% between the maximum and minimum values) and critical bradycardia (heart rate <60 bpm) during intubation procedure. Results: A total of 151 tracheal intubations were identified during the study period, of which 126 were eligible. Of those, 77% had complex, chronic underlying diseases. Atropine was administered to 43 (34.1%) patients and was associated with greater odds of hypoxemia in univariable analysis (OR: 2.62; 95%CI 1.15–6.16; p=0.027) but not in multivariable analysis (OR: 2.07; 95%CI 0.42–10.32; p=0.37). Critical bradycardia occurred in only three patients, being two in the atropine group (p=0.26). Bradycardia was analyzed in only 42 procedures. Atropine use was associated with higher odds of bradycardia in multivariable analysis (OR: 11.00; 95%CI 1.3–92.8; p=0.028). Conclusions: Atropine as a premedication in tracheal intubation did not prevent the occurrence of hypoxemia or bradycardia during intubation procedures in pediatric emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purpose: Inferior vena cava (IVC) interruption is rare and can be detected through prenatal or postnatal imaging. It usually occurs in patients with heterotaxy syndrome with bilateral left-sidedness (left isomerism or polysplenia syndrome), indicating a laterality defect. However, its long-term outcomes remain unclear. Methods: This retrospective study included a patient cohort with evidence of IVC interruption based on imagining data (1980–2019) selected from our institutional database. Results: We included 34 (male/female = 14/20) patients with IVC interruption. Most of the patients had left isomerism of the bronchopulmonary situs (96.4%) and cardiac atrial situs (90.3%). Splenic anomalies, including polysplenia (35.7%), lobulated spleen (39.3%), inversus solitary spleen (10.7%), and asplenia (3.6%), were common. Normal cardiac structure was noted in four (11.8%) patients. Congenital heart disease (CHD) was noted in 30 patients: 7 with simple CHD and 23 with severe CHD. Bradycardia occurred in 47.1% of the patients and was not associated with CHD. Splenic variations were not associated with CHD or bradycardia. The survival rates for the 10-, 20-, and 40-year age groups were 0.880, 0.792, and 0.441, respectively; severe CHD was the only risk factor. Conclusion: IVC interruption can present as an isolated lesion and be associated with CHD. Although bradycardia was common among the patients, CHD severity was the only risk factor for survival. Patients with IVC interruption commonly have left isomerism at the atrial and bronchopulmonary situs, but the spectrum of splenic abnormalities is wide, including polysplenia, lobulated spleen, solitary inversus spleen, and, rarely, asplenia.

Copyright of Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Fundacion Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and Objectives: Most of the complications associated with acute and symptomatic bradyarrhythmia (ASB) occur in the time from diagnosis to permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI). We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of an urgent 24/7 PPI service (PPI-24/7) for patients with ASB., Methods: A total of 664 patients undergoing first-time PPI for ASB were prospectively assessed during 2 periods of identical length (18 months): 341 patients who underwent the procedure during working hours only (PPI-WH), and 323 patients who underwent the procedure after the implementation of the PPI-24/7 service. The primary safety endpoint was established as the cumulative 180-day incidence of complications related to the index arrhythmia and device implant. The primary efficacy endpoint was determined as the average number of hospital stays per patient., Results: The PPI-24/7 period was associated with a significant shortening of the time from diagnosis to implantation (median [interquartile range]): 3hours [2-6] vs 16 [5-21]). The cumulative incidence of patients with complications at 180 days was lower in the PPI-24/7 period: 9% vs 17% (adjusted odds ratio, 0.5; P=.002), due to a significant reduction in preimplant complications: 2.5% vs 12% (P <.001). The average number of hospital stays was reduced by 2 per patient in the PPI-24/7 period (nonparametric P <.001). PPI-24/7 implants performed outside working hours (n=178) were safe, with a 180-day cumulative incidence in procedure-related complications of 3.9%., Conclusions: Among patients with ASB, PPI-24/7 was associated with a significant reduction in patient morbidity and efficient hospital resource use., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background/purpose: Inferior vena cava (IVC) interruption is rare and can be detected through prenatal or postnatal imaging. It usually occurs in patients with heterotaxy syndrome with bilateral left-sidedness (left isomerism or polysplenia syndrome), indicating a laterality defect. However, its long-term outcomes remain unclear.Methods: This retrospective study included a patient cohort with evidence of IVC interruption based on imagining data (1980-2019) selected from our institutional database.Results: We included 34 (male/female = 14/20) patients with IVC interruption. Most of the patients had left isomerism of the bronchopulmonary situs (96.4%) and cardiac atrial situs (90.3%). Splenic anomalies, including polysplenia (35.7%), lobulated spleen (39.3%), inversus solitary spleen (10.7%), and asplenia (3.6%), were common. Normal cardiac structure was noted in four (11.8%) patients. Congenital heart disease (CHD) was noted in 30 patients: 7 with simple CHD and 23 with severe CHD. Bradycardia occurred in 47.1% of the patients and was not associated with CHD. Splenic variations were not associated with CHD or bradycardia. The survival rates for the 10-, 20-, and 40-year age groups were 0.880, 0.792, and 0.441, respectively; severe CHD was the only risk factor.Conclusion: IVC interruption can present as an isolated lesion and be associated with CHD. Although bradycardia was common among the patients, CHD severity was the only risk factor for survival. Patients with IVC interruption commonly have left isomerism at the atrial and bronchopulmonary situs, but the spectrum of splenic abnormalities is wide, including polysplenia, lobulated spleen, solitary inversus spleen, and, rarely, asplenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vasovagal syncope (VVS) can occur in every third of human population. Clinical symptoms of VVS areas a result of arterial hypotension with critical global cerebral hypoperfusion due to vasodilatation and bradicardia. Bradicardia is manifested as sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular conduction disturbances due to activation of nervus vagus. Asystole can take place in some cases. Lack of efficacy of permanent pacemaker founds in patients to prevent of VVS. The results of double blind placebo controlled studies, European and American expert's opinions, probable causes of lack of efficacy of pacemakers in such category of patients and way of solution of this problem are discussed in the review. Syncope recurrences in spite of pacemaker implantation, risk of surgery complications and good life prognosis are arguments for therapeutic approach, now suitable for the most of patients with VVS. Case report (VVS with asystole but without of pacemaker implantation) with successful follow-up is analyzed in the article.

Abstract Background: Considering the potential deleterious effects of right ventricular (RV) pacing, the hypothesis of this study is that isolated left ventricular (LV) pacing through the coronary sinus is safe and may provide better clinical and echocardiographic benefits to patients with bradyarrhythmias and normal ventricular function requiring heart rate correction alone. Objective: To assess the safety, efficacy, and effects of LV pacing using an active-fixation coronary sinus lead in comparison with RV pacing, in patients eligible for conventional pacemaker (PM) implantation. Methods: Randomized, controlled, and single-blinded clinical trial in adult patients submitted to PM implantation due to bradyarrhythmias and systolic ventricular function ≥ 0.40. Randomization (RV vs. LV) occurred before PM implantation. The main results of the study were procedural success, safety, and efficacy. Secondary results were clinical and echocardiographic changes. Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test were used, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: From June 2012 to January 2014, 91 patients were included, 36 in the RV Group and 55 in the LV Group. Baseline characteristics of patients in both groups were similar. PM implantation was performed successfully and without any complications in all patients in the RV group. Of the 55 patients initially allocated into the LV group, active-fixation coronary sinus lead implantation was not possible in 20 (36.4%) patients. The most frequent complication was phrenic nerve stimulation, detected in 9 (25.7%) patients in the LV group. During the follow-up period, there were no hospitalizations due to heart failure. Reductions of more than 10% in left ventricular ejection fraction were observed in 23.5% of patients in the RV group and 20.6% of those in the LV group (p = 0.767). Tissue Doppler analysis showed that 91.2% of subjects in the RV group and 68.8% of those in the LV group had interventricular dyssynchrony (p = 0.022). Conclusion: The procedural success rate of LV implant was low, and the safety of the procedure was influenced mainly by the high rate of phrenic nerve stimulation in the postoperative period.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the case of a 19-year-old male presenting with bradycardia and hypotension after a honeybee sting making a review of the literature and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular and electrocardiogram (EKG) changes after a bee sting. Methods: The patient's airway was inspected and secured. Electrocardiogram with an idioventricular rhythm at 41' bpm. Oxygen was administered, an intravenous access was established, and the transcutaneous pacemaker leads were placed on the chest of the patient, then published guidelines management was induced. Results: The EKG showed idioventricular rhythm at a rate of 41 beats/min that resolved to a normal sinus rhythm after treatment. Conclusions: A full and prompt cardiovascular evaluation should be performed in all patients presenting to the emergency department after a bee sting, and published guidelines regarding the management of bradycardia and anaphylaxis should be followed to achieve successful outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: hypotension and bradycardia are two underlying and almost common complications caused by spinal anesthesia in cases of elective cesarean section (CS). Suitable treatment of the complications is particularly important to improve the conditions of patients. Hence, the aim of this study is to compare the effect of intravenous administration of epinephrine and ephedrine in the management of hypotension and bradycardia caused by CS spinal anesthesia. Method: the study was done as a random clinical trial on 126 women under spinal anesthesia for elective CS, hospitalized in Kamali Hospital, Karaj in 2020-21. The statistical samples were classified into two ephedrine and epinephrine. Patients systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and Apgar and VBG of the newborn were analyzed in two study groups. Results: The results showed that the mean value of diastolic blood pressure, which was the same in the two groups at the beginning, was significantly increased in the ephedrine group compared to the epinephrine group from minute eight. Mean systolic blood pressure, which was the same in the two groups at the beginning, was significantly increased in the ephedrine group compared to the epinephrine group in minutes 8-16. However, they showed no significant difference in the rest of the evaluations. The mean value of heart rate that was the same between the two groups at the beginning was significantly increased in the ephedrine group in minutes 10, 25, 35, and 45; although the two groups showed no significant difference in other times assessed. The mean value of PCO2 and HCO3 showed a significant difference between the two groups, and both were higher in the ephedrine group. Conclusion: Our results indicate that intravenous ephedrine compared to intravenous epinephrine produces a higher increasing the values blood pressure and heart rate in the management of hypotension and bradycardia caused by spinal anesthesia in the cases of elective cesarean section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Patients with Down syndrome without structural heart disease may present with a dysfunction of the cardiac autonomic regulation, which is manifested by a reduced response of the heart rate (HR) to stimuli. Based on the hemodynamic responses, it has been postulated that individuals with Down syndrome have a reduced vagal tone and sympathetic activation. This review explains the role of the autonomic system in the control of HR and the attenuated chronotropic response observed in this population. Objective: To describe, through a clinical case presentation, the autonomic dysfunction observed in patients with Down syndrome, in order to identify the causes attributed by scientific evidence. Materials and methods: A clinical case was described and a search was made in PubMed of the terms: “Down Syndrome” AND “Bradycardia”, “VO2peak”, “Heart Rate Variability”, “Vagal Tone”, “Sympathetic Activation”. Results: The findings suggest that physical exercise may be an effective intervention to improve autonomic cardiac function in patients with Down syndrome. Furthermore, training-induced improvements were achieved by participants with lower levels of vagal modulation at the start of the study, in both patients with and without disabilities. In consequence, training may be effective to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in those who have a greater degree of autonomic dysfunction. Conclusion: A clinical case of Down syndrome with sinus dysfunction was presented in this study. This condition could be related to a dysfunction of autonomic cardiac function regulation caused by reduced HR response to stimuli.

A fibrilaçao atrial é a arritmia sustentada mais frequente na prática clínica. Uma significativa parcela de pacientes portadores dessa afecçao evolui com períodos de bradiarritmias, necessitando implante de marcapasso. Dessa forma, nos portadores de dispositivos cardíacos implantáveis, pode ser necessária a indicaçao de ablaçoes complexas, como a da fibrilaçao atrial, com acesso transeptal e manipulaçao de cateteres próximo aos cabos-eletrodos definitivos. Relatamos o caso de um paciente portador de marcapasso bicameral com síndrome bradi-taquicardia e fibrilaçao atrial de alta frequência ventricular, refratária à medicaçao, no qual foi possível realizar a ablaçao da fibrilaçao atrial com sucesso a longo prazo, demonstrado pela telemetria do marcapasso, permitindo suspender a anticoagulaçao e sem necessidade de indicar bloqueio atrioventricular.

Hiperparatireoidismo associado a hipercalcemia causando bradicardia significativa é uma combinaçao rara. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 62 anos de idade em pré-operatório de paratireoidectomia total decorrente de hiperparatireoidismo primário sintomático, que evoluiu com bloqueio atrioventricular avançado percebido durante a internaçao. A paciente necessitou de implante de marcapasso definitivo, pois permaneceu com bloqueio cardíaco avançado mesmo após correçao da hipercalcemia.

Una paciente habitual de nuestra farmacia comunitaria nos consulta acerca de un cuadro de astenia, debilidad y fatiga de varias semanas de evolución. Tras realizar el estado de situación inicial y estudiar el caso detectamos varios problemas relacionados con medicamentos, siendo una marcada bradicardia el más acuciante. El estudio en detalle de la farmacoterapia de la paciente revela que la fracción de timolol absorbida tras su instilación ocular, que emplea para tratar su hipertensión ocular, podría ser responsable de una acusada disminución de su frecuencia cardiaca. Dicha bradicardia puede ser especialmente significativa en personas de edad avanzada y en individuos que, como consecuencia del polimorfismo de la enzima responsable del metabolismo de timolol, expresan un determinado genotipo con menor capacidad de biotransformación. Intervenimos indicando a la paciente la conveniencia de que su médico valorase otras opciones para el tratamiento de la hipertensión ocular. Tras una visita a urgencias por el agravamiento de los síntomas, se constata la bradicardia severa y el betabloqueante es sustituido por un tratamiento alternativo (latanoprost). La intervención farmacéutica resulta en la retirada de timolol, la remisión de los síntomas y en la resolución de dos problemas relacionados con medicamentos.

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: the "shortness of breath" or "breathing interruption" crisis can be considered a cause of hypoxia in childhood. It is characterized by the presence of a triggering factor followed by weeping and apnea in expiration accompanied by cyanosis or pallor. The sequence of events may include bradycardia, loss of consciousness, abnormal postural tone and even asystole. A review of the literature revealed only two reports of postoperative apnea caused by "shortness of breath".CASE REPORT: this article describes the case of a child with a history of "shortness of breath" undiagnosed before the adenotonsillectomy, but that represented the cause of episodes of hypoxemia and bradycardia in the postoperative period.CONCLUSIONS: the "shortness of breath" crisis should be considered as a possible cause of perioperative hypoxia in children, especially when there is a history suggestive of this problem. As some events may be accompanied by bradycardia, loss of consciousness, abnormal postural tone and even asystole, observation in a hospital setting should be considered.

Nicotine is a dangerous substance extracted from tobacco leaves. When nicotine is absorbed in excessive amounts, it can lead to respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. The commercialization of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has allowed users to directly handle e-cigarette liquid. Consequently, the risk of liquid nicotine exposure has increased. We describe our experience of managing the case of a patient who orally ingested a high concentration of liquid nicotine from e-cigarette liquid. The patient presented with bradycardia and hypotension, which are symptoms of parasympathetic stimulation, together with impaired consciousness. He recovered following treatment with atropine and a vasopressor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by vasculitis of the small arteries, the arterioles and the capillaries together with necrotizing granulomatous lesions. This case reports on a young female patient, previously diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, who was admitted to the intensive care unit with seizures and hemodynamic instability due to a complete atrioventricular heart block. Te event was associated with multiple episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia without any structural heart changes or electrolyte disturbances. In the intensive care unit, the patient was fitted with a provisory pacemaker, followed by immunosuppression with corticosteroids and immunobiological therapy, resulting in a total hemodynamic improvement. Severe conduction disorders in patients presenting granulomatosis with polyangiitis are rare but can contribute to increased morbidity. Early detection and specific intervention can prevent unfavorable outcomes, specifically in the intensive care unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The neonate must make a transition after birth from intrauterine continuous transplacental supply of oxygen and glucose to different extra uterine conditions. In healthy neonate the period of adaptation almost finished in the perinatal period and newborn can be safely discharged after this time. Retrospective study in the NICU, Clinical Hospital Osijek, during the year 2016 was done. Almost 26% of neonates were admitted in NICU because of the prolonged adaptation to extra uterine life. It was their main diagnosis. The majority of them have been polycytemic, had early jaundice and a part of them had bradycardia. Mother's illnesses as a possible cause of prolonged neonatal adaptation were found in 21.7%. About 58.3% of newborns with prolonged adaptation have had problems during mother's pregnancy and delivery. Hypertrophic as well as hypotrophic neonates were risk neonates for prolonged postnatal adaptation, as well as newborns gender. Mode of delivery takes a big role in the neonatal adaptation. Induction and augmentation of the labor acts as a possibly stress factor. Main symptoms among those newborns were: plethora, cyanotic crises, bradicardia, dystonia, irritability, jaundice and respiratory distress. Most of the investigated newborns need oxygen 6-10 days. The majority of them stay in the hospital up to 10 days. Prolonged adaptation has almost equally been found in the first, second and third pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La apena del prematuro es un importante problema clínico, manifestado por un ritmo respiratorio inestable, reflejo de una inmadurez de los sistemas de control respiratorio. Esta revisión aborda definiciones, patogénesis y alternativas terapéuticas. Aún están en estudio y/o no son bien conocidos, los mecanismos neuronales que provocan apnea en el prematuro. En la reciente década, se ha conocido mejor la generación del ritmo respiratorio y su modulación en el neonato. Estos episodios de pérdida de respiración efectiva pueden conducir a cuadros de hipoxemia y bradicardia, que pueden ser lo suficientemente severos como para necesitar resucitación y el uso de ventilación asistida. La cafeína sigue siendo el principal tratamiento farmacológico. La Apnea del prematuro se resuelve típicamente con la maduración.

Alteraciones autonómicas agudas por infartos cerebrales se han descrito con frecuencia comprometiendo la región insular, dentro de las anormalidades se han documentado alteraciones de severidad variable del ritmo cardíaco, incluyendo la bradicardia extrema sintomática; en la literatura solo hay un reporte de caso de bradi-cardia extrema asociado a un infarto talámico paramediano bilateral, a continuación, describimos un segundo caso de un infarto talámico con la misma presentación.

FUNDAMENTO: A estimulação endocárdica convencional do ventrículo direito (VD) ocasiona alargamento do QRS e dessincronização do miocárdio, comprometendo a função ventricular. Com a necessidade de estimulação menos deletéria, a estimulação septal do VD tem sido mais utilizada. Eventualmente têm sido relatados limiares mais altos e ondas R menores na estimulação septal. OBJETIVO: Comparar os parâmetros das estimulações apical e septal, intrapaciente, para verificar se existem diferenças que possam interferir na escolha do ponto de estimulação. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo controlado. Foram incluídos 25 pacientes, com 67,2 ± 9 anos, 10 (40%) mulheres, com indicações de marca-passo por bradiarritmias. Etiologias foram degenerativa em nove (36%), coronariopatia em oito (32%), doença de Chagas em sete (28%), e valvopatia em um (4%) pacientes. Foram utilizados eletrodos de fixação ativa e avaliados os limiares de comando, impedância e onda R uni e bipolares no implante e após seis meses. RESULTADOS: A média aguda dos limiares de comando, ondas R e impedâncias unipolares/bipolares septais x apicais foram, respectivamente, 0,73x0,74V e 0,73x0,78V; 10x9,9 mV e 12,3x12,4 mV; 579x621 Ω e 611x629 Ω. Comparações entre parâmetros septais e apicais com teste t-pareado bicaudal demonstraram um P > 0,1. Após seis meses, a média dos limiares de comando, ondas R e Impedâncias unipolares/ bipolares septais x apicais foram, respectivamente, 0,5 x 0,72 V e 0,71 x 0,87 V; 11,4x9,5 mV e 12x11,2 mV; 423x426Ω e 578x550Ω, com P > 0,05, exceto comparando-se limiar de estimulação unipolar septal com apical unipolar p de 0,02. CONCLUSÃO: Utilizando comparações intrapaciente, não existem diferenças expressivas entre parâmetros eletrofisiológicos de estimulação septal e apical sendo que não há restrições para a escolha da estimulação septal em ventrículo direito.BACKGROUND: The conventional right ventricle (RV) endocardial pacing leads QRS widening and desynchronization myocardial compromising ventricular function. With the need for stimulation less deleterious, RV septal pacing has been used more. Eventually have been reported higher thresholds and smaller R waves in the septal stimulation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the parameters of the septal and apical stimulation, intra-patient, if there are any differences that may affect the choice of the point of stimulation. METHODS: A prospective controlled study. We included 25 patients, 67.2±9 years, 10 (40%) women with indications for pacemaker for bradyarrhythmias. Etiologies were degenerative in nine (36%), Coronary disease in eight (32%), Chagas disease in seven (28%), and valve disease in one (4%) patient. Electrodes were active fixation and assessed the thresholds of command, impedance and R wave in uniand bipolar implant and after six months. RESULTS: The average acute threshold command, R wave and impedance unipolar / bipolar septais x apicais were respectively 0.73 x 0.73V and 0,74V x 0,78V; 10 x 9,9mV and 12,3 x 12,4mV; 579 x 621Ω and 611 x 629Ω. Comparisons between parameters with septal and apical two-tailed paired t-test showed a P > 0.1. After six months, the mean control thresholds, R wave impedances and unipolar/bipolar septais x apicais were respectively 0.5V x 0 72V and 0.71V x 0,87V; 11.4 x 9,5mV and 12x11,2mV; 423x426 Ω and 578x550 Ω, with P > 0.05, except compared to unipolar pacing threshold septal apical unipolar P 0.02. CONCLUSION: Using intra-patient comparisons, no significant differences between electrophysiological parameters septal and apical pacing and there are no restrictions for choosing the right ventricular septal pacing.

Fingolimod is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The drug administration requires special attention to the first dose, since cardiovascular adverse events can be observed during the initial six hours of fingolimod ingestion. The present study consisted of a review of cardiovascular data on 180 patients with MS receiving the first dose of fingolimod. The rate of bradycardia in these patients was higher than that observed in clinical trials with very strict inclusion criteria for patients. There were less than 10% of cases requiring special attention, but no fatal cases. All but one patient continued the treatment after this initial dose. This is the first report on real-life administration of fingolimod to Brazilian patients with MS, and one of the few studies with these characteristics in the world.

Neste estudo, investigaram-se as modificações fisiológicas em Spilotes pullatus, como determinantes das respostas ao medo, obtidas pela exposição ao eletrocardiograma. Foram utilizadas quatro serpentes com média de peso de 0,5±0,06kg. Dois minutos após a fixação dos eletrodos, as serpentes apresentavam-se imóveis, com redução significativa na freqüência cardíaca e aumento nos intervalos PQ, QRS, RR e RT (PThis study investigated electrocardiographic changes in Spilotes pullatus using four snakes weighing 0.5±0.06kg. Two minutes after that electrocardiogram apparatus had been fixed in Spilotes pullatus, snakes were immobile and there was a significant reduction of the heart rate and an increase in PQ, QRS, RR, and RT intervals (P

A estimulação elétrica do nervo vago diminui a freqüência cardíaca e aumenta o intervalo PQ no eletrocardiograma, podendo ativar a via anterógrada do nodo atrioventricular. Neste experimento é investigada a interação da morfina sobre o controle nervoso parassimpático cardíaco em relação à dupla condução do nodo atrioventricular. Aestimulação do nervo vago induz uma significativa bradicardia e um bloqueio atrioventricular de terceiro grau, com a onda P aparecendo negativa na derivação II. Devido aos efeitos moduladores da anestesia sobre o coração, administração de injeções de morfina induz o aparecimento de onda P positiva através de uma ação inibitória sobre a reentrância do nodo atrioventricular. Tudo sugere a presença de duas vias atrioventriculares, anatômica e funcionalmente distintas.That electrical stimulation of the vagus decreased heart rate and increased the PQ interval in electrocardiogram, consistent with anterograde dual atriventricular conduction. The present experiments were investigating the interaction of the morphine with cardiac parasympathetic nervous control in dual atrioventricular node. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve induced significantbradycardia and of third degree atrioventricular block and the P wave appearance was negative in leads II. Because background anesthesia modulates the heart, administered morphine injection the P waves appearance was positive through one inhibitory action on atrioventricular nodal reentry. All suggest the presence of two functionally and anatomically distinct atrioventricular pathways.

Object: The aim of our study is to determine the various factors that affect the morbidity and mortality in patients who present with organophosphates poisoning at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi Pakistan. Method: The type of study is a cross sectional observational study, conducted for a period of 15 months from January 2014 to March 2015, the total study population consisted of 248 patients, who presented to the emergency department of a large tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, with organophosphate poisoning. Data was collected using a pre designed proforma that included various variables such as demographics, laboratory investigations and progress of the patients, whether they recovered or expired. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The total study population consisted of 248 patients of which 181 (72.98%) were females and 67(27.01%) were males having a mean age of 27.28 ± 11.5 years. 213(85.88%) belonged to the recovery group, while 35(4.11%) belonged to the group of patients who unfortunately did not survive, the causes of death in were, 24(68.57%) died of respiratory failure, 7(20%) died of cardiac arrest, while 4(11.43%) died of renal failure. Illiteracy rates were higher in group B having a p value of less than 0.001, also the patients who came from rural areas to the hospital and those having a pre existing psychiatric illness was also significantly higher in group B having a p value of less than 0.05 in each class of patients. Bradycardia was the most important factor predicting mortality in the patients when analyzed using logistic regression analysis having a p value of less than 0.05. Conclusion: According to the results of our study the most important predictors for mortality in organophosphate poisoning were found to be age, decreased heart rate, serum glucose, LDH and acidosis. Identifying the most critically ill patients using these parameters and taking appropriate measures may contribute to a decrease in mortality in patients who ingest organophosphates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVO: Estudar os pacientes portadores de marcapasso cardíaco artificial permanente, comparando as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos portadores da doença de Chagas com a dos portadores de doenças degenerativas do sistema de condução. MÉTODO: Foram analisados 57.632 procedimentos cadastrados no Registro Brasileiro de Marcapassos, realizados no período de 1995 a 2003, sendo: 25.648 pacientes portadores da doença de Chagas e 31.984, de doenças degenerativas. A comparação das características dessas populações foi feita pelos testes do Qui-quadrado e t-Student com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Houve predomínio da doença de Chagas na região Centro-Oeste, nos implantes iniciais. Nas reoperações, a população chagásica representou maioria também no Sudeste. A idade dos pacientes chagásicos foi 58,6 ± 15,3 e 59,3 ± 14,8 anos, respectivamente para implantes iniciais e reoperações, e, nos não chagásicos, 73,5 ± 12,6 e 73,7 ± 13,5. Não foi notada diferença na distribuição entre os dois sexos. Houve maior ocorrência de síncopes, pré-síncopes e bloqueio atrioventricular com QRS largo nos pacientes chagásicos e de tonturas, insuficiência cardíaca e QRS estreito nos não chagásicos. O modo de estimulação ventricular foi utilizado em 60% e 63% nos implantes iniciais e em 77% e 76% das reoperações, respectivamente para os pacientes chagásicos e não chagásicos. A depleção da bateria por desgaste normal foi o principal motivo para reoperação dos pacientes, tendo ocorrido em 76,1% e 79,6% das reoperações, respectivamente para chagásicos e não chagásicos. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados analisados demonstraram diferenças significativas nas características clínicas e demográficas das populações estudadas.OBJECTIVE: To study patients with permanent cardiac pacemakers, comparing the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with Chagas' disease versus the ones with degenerative or ischemic diseases. METHOD: 57,632 procedures performed from 1995 to 2003, registered in the Brazilian Pacemaker Register were analyzed: 25,648 patients with Chagas' disease and 31,984 with degenerative or ischemic bradiarrythmias. The comparison of the characteristics of these two populations included Chi-square and t-Student tests, with a 5% level of significance. RESULTS: There was a predominance of the Chagas' disease in the Centar-west region, in the initial implantations. In re-operations, the population with Chagas' disease represented majority in the Southeast, too. Mean age was 59.3 ± 15.3 and 58.6 ± 14.8, respectively for initial implantations and re-operations in Chagas' disease patients and 73.5 ± 12.6 and 73.7 ± 13.5, in non Chagas'disease patients. There was no difference in respect to both genders and etiology. Syncope episodes and 3rd degree AV block with wide QRS were more frequent in patients with Chagas' disease, and dizziness, heart failure and 3rd degree AV block with in the other patients. Ventricular pacing systems were used in 60% and 63% in the initial implants and 77% and 76% of the reoperations, respectively for Chagas' and non-Chagas' disease patients. The need to change the batteries was the main reason for reoperations in 76.1% and 79.6% of these procedures, respectively for patients with Chagas' disease and the other causes of bradicardia. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of data of these two populations demonstrated significant differences in the clinical and demographic characteristics.

La apnea del recién nacido pretérmino es una condición con alto riesgo de morbimortalidad es este grupo etario, es por ello que pediatras, neonatólogos, enfermeras, terapeutas y personal en general quienes identifican y de una u otra manera intervienen en la prevención y manejo de esta patología, se ven en la necesidad de permanecer en continua actualización. Se hace una revisión de la literatura acerca de la definición, diagnóstico y tratamiento actual que se puede y debe ofrecer al recién nacido pretérmino con apnea. Abreviaturas: RN, recién nacido; APNP, apnea del neonato prematuro.

Descrevemos um caso de arritmia cardíaca como manifestação epiléptica. A monitorização video-eletrencefalográfica de uma paciente com 34 anos de idade que apresentava episódios de perda de consciência permitiu a detecção de períodos de assistolia como principal manifestação clínica, exigindo a implantação de marca-passo. O registro eletrencefalográfico concomitante mostrou atividade rítmica a 6-7 Hz de projeção na região temporal esquerda. A ressonância magnética mostrou lesão expansiva no giro para-hipocampal esquerdo. Alterações do ritmo cardíaco como taquicardia sinusal são frequentes em crises epilépticas. A descrição de bradicardia e/ou assistolia é rara. As conexões das estruturas mesiais temporais com estruturas profundas como o hipotálamo devem ser responsáveis pelas manifestações vegetativas durante crises epilépticas temporais.We describe a patient who had cardiac arrhythmia as epileptic manifestation. In a 34-year-old woman who had many episodes of loss of consciousness, the simultaneous ECG and video-EEG monitoring recorded bradycardia with a short episode of asystolia (4 seconds) and left temporal rhythmic teta activity on EEG. MRI showed a small mass lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus. Alterations in cardiac rhythm have been reported in epileptic seizures and taquycardia is the most common finding associated with them; bradyarrhythmia during seizures was uncommon. Many interconnections among insular cortex, limbic system and hypothalamus, may be responsible for vegetative manifestations in temporal lobe epilepsy.

A estimulação elétrica do nervo vago diminui a freqüência cardíaca e aumenta o intervalo PQ no eletrocardiograma, podendo ativar a via anterógrada do nodo atrioventricular. Neste experimento é investigada a interação da morfina sobre o controle nervoso parassimpático cardíaco em relação à dupla condução do nodo atrioventricular. A estimulação do nervo vago induz uma significativa bradicardia e um bloqueio atrioventricular de terceiro grau, com a onda P aparecendo negativa na derivação II. Devido aos efeitos moduladores da anestesia sobre o coração, administração de injeções de morfina induz o aparecimento de onda P positiva através de uma ação inibitória sobre a reentrância do nodo atrioventricular. Tudo sugere a presença de duas vias atrioventriculares, anatômica e funcionalmente distintas

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Os autores relatam um caso clínico de toxicose com ivermectin em um cão da raça Collie com sintomatologia nervosa e cardiomuscular. Assestam para todos os cuidados a serem tomados quanto ao controle da afecção, mormente a bradicardia.

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)