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In this study, interview technique (face to face) was used to collect data from 56 herbalists in three provinces of the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey (Mardin, Diyarbakir and Sanliurfa). The main purpose of the study was to determine the education level, learning methods of their job, professional experiences, the parts of the plants used and the problems of the herbalists. The average age of the herbalists were 41,7 and majority of them had a high school diploma. They learned this job mainly from older family members or working at the herbal shop. They mainly obtained their products from local people and wholesalers. Especially spices, food supplements, treatments, cosmetic and weight loss products were sold by herbalists.

The main objective of this study was to examine the relationships between marketing costs, applications and scales of the carrot farms in Hatay province. The average carrot cultivation area, carrot yield, production costs, sales revenues, record-keeping rate, members of farmers’ organization rate were 8.253 ha, 31366 kg/ha, 14911 US,28859US, %46.23, %14 in the all farms, respectively. Labor, transportation, storage and packaging costs in all farms were calculated as 0.0031625, 0.005085, 0.00138 and 0.0022625 US,respectively.Theaveragetotalmarketingcostinallfarmswasdeterminedas0.001189US. The marketing costs for the first, second and third group farms were calculated as 0.0121, 0.0107 and 0.0135 US$, respectively. The research recommended that the farms should be subsidized so that they can increase production, improve their market share and decrease their input costs. Farmers should be organized under farmers’ organization. Marketing channels should be created to ensure direct carrots deliveries to consumers resulting increase in revenues. Increasing the number and capacity of cold storage should be encouraged. Farmers should be subsidized to minimize their production expenses. The support to be provided by various stakeholders should involve branding and promotion in carrot production. Producers should be encouraged to process carrot as high value-added products., Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, havuç üreten işletmelerde işletme büyüklükleri ile pazarlama masrafları ve stratejileri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemektir. İşletmelerin genelinde ortalama havuç üretim alanı 8.253 ha, havuç verimi 31366 kg/ha, üretim maliyeti 14911 vesatışgeliri28859 olarak belirlenmiştir. İşletmeler genelinde 1 kg havucun pazarlanması için 0.0031625 işçilik,0.005085 nakliye, 0.00138 soğukhavadeposundamuhafazave0.0022625’ da paketleme masrafı olmak üzere toplamda 0.001189 pazarlamamasrafıyapılmıştır.Pazarlamamasraf,birincigrupişletmelerde0.0121,ikincigrupişletmelerde0.0107veüçüncügrupişletmelerdeise0.0135 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, havuç üreten işletmelerde üretimi ve pazarlama gücünü artırmak ve girdi maliyetlerini düşürebilmek; bir çiftçi örgütü altında bir araya gelmeleri, ürünlerini doğrudan tüketicilere ulaştırabilmeleri, soğuk hava deposu kapasitesinin artırılması, destek miktarı ve çeşitliliğinin (markalaşma ve promosyon gibi) artırılması, havucun katma değeri yüksek ürünlere dönüştürülmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur.

Bu çalışmada, Hatay ilindeki süt işletmelerinde izlenebilirlikle ilgili mevcut durumun ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Yetmiş sekiz süt işletmesinden, 19’u çalışmadı¤ından ve 4’ü ankete katılmak istemediklerinden dolayı; 55 işletmede yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre, işletmelerden sadece 4’ü izlenebilirlik uyguladıklarını belirtmiştir. Gıda mühendisi çalıştıran işletmelerin di¤er işletmelerden izlenebilirlikle ilgili olarak bir adım daha önde oldu¤u gözlenmiştir. ‹şletmelerden %70.2’si izlenebilirli¤in gıda güvenli¤i ve kalitesini destekleyece¤i görüşündedir. ‹şletmelerde izlenebilirlik sisteminin kurulmasındaki engeller olarak; sistemin kurulmasının masraşı bulunması, önceliklerin di¤er eksikliklere verilmesi ve izlenebilirli¤in yasal zorunluluk oldu¤unun bilinmemesi olarak belirlenmiştir. ‹şletmelerin yarısından fazlası yetkin kuruluşlarca izlenebilirlikle ilgili e¤itim düzenlenmesi halinde çalışanlarının katılım sa¤layaca¤ını belirtmiştir. E¤itim talep edenlerin %50’si ise e¤itimin üniversitelerce verilmesi konusunda birleşmektedir. Çalışmaya katılan işletmelerin %93.4’ü yetkili kuruluşlardan konu ile ilgili olarak maddi destek beklentisi içerisindedir. Sonuç olarak, Hatay ilinde süt sektöründe izlenebilirlikle ilgili olarak bilgi yetersizli¤inin, işletmelerin maddi yetersizliklerinin ve e¤itim eksikli¤inin önde gelen problemler oldu¤u görülmektedir., In this study, the status of food traceability in dairy sector in Hatay province was evaluated. Out of 78 registered dairy plants, 55 dairy plants’s owners or personnel were interviewed with face-to-face survey technique. Nineteen plants were not in operation and 4 dairy plants did not want to participate. Results showed that only 4 out of 55 dairy plants have applied traceability systems. The dairy plants where food engineers in charge of production are a cut above the others about "traceability". 70.2% of the participants think that traceability supports food safety. The main barriers confronting the application of traceability systems were high costs, sparing the economical resources to meet the other abstinence in the plants and the lack of knowledge. More than half of the owners would like to attend to a training course on traceability when available. Half of those suggested that the courses should be given by universities. There has been an expectation of a financial support from the competent authority by the 93.4% of participants. According to the survey results, the dairy sector in Hatay has been in difficulties in applying traceability systems due to the economical problems, lack of knowledge and training.

Various environmental problems are related with wrong risk perception about the environment as well as insufficient interest, behavior and information. The purpose of this study was to analysis environmental risk perception of students in faculty of agriculture in Turkey. Data were obtained in 20 – 22 April 2015 from face-to-face interviews of 73 students who join to Fifth National Student Congress on Agriculture in Adana Province. Environmental Risk Perception Scale developed by Slimak and Dietz (2006) was used in the study. The result of factor analysis showed that the scale consists of 8 factors explaining 74.20 % of total variance. The internal consistency coefficient Cronbach Alfa of the scale was 0.887 and KMO was 0.751. According to the students, three most important environmental risk factor are respectively radiation, global warming and hazardous waste site. Students environmental risk perception was found to be above average show that awareness of student about environmental problems is high.