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2. Abstracts of Presentations at the 18th Conference of the Entomological Society of Israel: May 18, 2000 Aro, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel

Author

Pener, M. P., Anshelevich, L., Dunkelblum, E., Hard, M., Harari, A., Gordon, D., Kehat, M., Reuveny, H., Akunis, O., Oppenheim, D., Dunkelblum, E., Rafaeli, Acta, Gileadi, Carina, Hirashima, Akinori, Lubin, Yael, Papke, Mirjam, Soroker, Victoria, Hefetz, A., Klein, Z., Zarabi, Leah, Ovadia, S., Blachinsky, Dafna, Zemer, B., Tadmor, U., Levanon, I., Fish, M., Tadmor, U., Weintraub, Phyllis G., Pener, Hedva, Wilamowski, A., Braverman, Y., Hogsette, J. A., Wilamowski, A., Braverman, Y., Chizov-Ginzburg, A., Pener, Hedva, Braverman, Y., Shlosberg, A., Chizov-Ginzburg, A., Kostyukovsky, M., Shaaya, E., Trostanetsky, A., Bin, C., Barazani, A., Wysoki, M., Rene, S., Eliyahu, Miriam, Blumberg, D., Shofet, Michal, Blachinsky, Dafna, Herzog, Z., Wilamowski, A., Gross, S., Blumberg, D., Mendel, Z., Drishpon, Y., Regev, Avital, Rivkin, H., Chejanovsky, N., Gershburg, E., Froy, O., Gurevitz, M., Avisar, D., Sneh, B., Zilberstein, A., Keller, M., Strizhov, N., Koncz, Sz., Schell, J., Koncz, C., Ben-Dov, E., Zarka, A., Zaritsky, A., Manasherob, R., Boussiba, S., Segal, D., Glazer, I., Altstein, Miriam, Ben-Aziz, Orna, Schefler, Irit, Zeltser, Irina, Gilon, C., Steinitz, B., Navon, A., Navon, A., Levski, Shlomit, Blumberg, D., Nakache, Y., Biton, S., Manasherob, R., Ben-Dov, E., Zaritsky, A., Boussiba, S., Wu, X.- Q., Myasnik, M., Manasherob, R., Margalith, Y., Zaritsky, A., Ben-Dov, E., Barak, Z., Azaizeh, H., Gindin, Galina, Barash, I., Klein, M., Golberg, Alla, Blumberg, D., Chizov-Ginzburg, A., Braverman, Y., Giladi, M., Gerling, D., Glazer, I., Salame, L., Goldenberg, S., Blumberg, D., Samish, M., Alekseev, E., Gindin, Galina, Glazer, I., Shaltiel, Liora, Coll, M., Barkely, M., Guershon, M., Groenteman, Ronny, Coll, M., Guershon, M., Borrow, Oshrat, Gerling, D., Samara, M., Gerling, D., Rajuan, Nelli, Gerling, D., David-Levanony, Lishay, Blumberg, D., Mendel, Z., Gafny, R., Havron, A., Eliezer, A., Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R., Gibson, G. A. P., Klein, Z., Zarabi, Leah, Friedman, A. L. L., Freidberg, A., Argaman, Q., Klein, Z., Dias, R., Navarro, S., Donahaye, E., Rindner, Miriam, Azrieli, A., Hovevey-Zion, D., Hamburger, Mirit, Zarabi, Leah, Keidar, H., Sompolinsky, E., Weiss, M., Kuslitzky, W., Klein, Z., Bitten, S., Nakache, J., Saphir, Nitza, Zehavi, A., Assael, Fabienne, Mendel, Z., Gahanama, Liat, Broza, M., Halpern, Malka, Inbar, M., Broza, M., Poliakov, Dina, Mossinson, S., Taylor, P. W., Kaspi, R., Yuval, B., Kaspi, R., Yuval, B., Yerushalmi, Y., Pener, M. P., Dorchin, Netta, Afik, O., Shafir, S., Falach, Lily, Shani, A., Segev, O., Gottlieb, Daphna, Keasar, Tamar, Shmida, A., Motro, U., Menda, G., Shafir, S., Ben-Yakir, D., Chen, M., Teitel, M., Barak, M., Berlinger, M. J., Lebiush-Mordechai, Sara, Messika, Y., Shamia, Y., Rosen, D., Ben-Yakir, D., Chen, M., Hamburger, Mirit, Zarabi, Leah, Weiss, M., Argaman, Q., Kuslitzky, W., Klein, Z., Bar-Shalom, O., Mendel, Z., Malihi, Y., Gerling, D., Freidberg, A., Ben-Yehuda, S., Mendel, Z., Franco, J. C., Carvalho, C. J., Gross, S., Blumberg, D., Mendel, Z., Wool, D., Cohen, Hadass, Yuval, B., Mazor, Michal, Peysakhis, A., Ginzburg, A., Argov, Yael, Voet, H., Palcvsky, E., Chyzik, Raisa, Ucko, Orna, Peles, S., and Gerson, U.

Published
2001
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8. The 10th Conference of the Entomological Society of Israel: Agricultural Entomology February 11,1997 ARO, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel

Author

Galun, Rachel, Ishaaya, I., Yablonski, Sara, Mendelson, Zmira, Mansour, Y., Kontsedalov, Svetlana, Pluschkell, U., Horowitz, A. R., Horowitz, A. R., Yablonski, Sara, Mendelson, Zmira, Ishaaya, I., Forer, G., Mansour, Y., Horowitz, A. R., Ishaaya, I., Ben-Yakir, D., Chen, M., Gokkes, M., Eitan, S., Klein, Z., Kuzlitzky, W., Ben-David, Z., Lavi, A., Ben-Yakir, D., Chen, M., Freidberg, A., Hadar, Ester, Shaaya, E., Kostjukovsky, M., Carmi, Y., Binenboim, I., Shaaya, E., Kostjukovsky, M., Ravid, U., Gamliel, A., Austerweil, Miriam, Riven, Yehudit, Steiner, B., Zilberg, V., Ovadia, S., Cohen, S., Yechezkely, Y., Masika, Y., Lapidot, M., Antignus, Y., Hadar, D., Nestel, D., Weintraub, Phyllis G., Horowitz, A. R., Zvieli, E., Ganmor, B., Gamliel, A., Regev, R., Arazi, Y., Berlinger, M. J., Lebiush-Mordechi, Sara, Fridja, Dvora, Khasdan, V., Rubin, A., Navarro, S., Mansour, F. A., Karchi, Z., Herschenhorn, J., Edelstein, M., Abo-Moch, F., Meisner, J., Ascher, K. R. S., Klein, M., Davidovich, M., Caspy, Immy, Kontsedalov, Svetlana, Ben-Moshe, E., Meisner, J., Ascher, K. R. S., Klein, M., Saphir, Nitza, Madar, Z., Zahavi, A., Mendel, Z., Ofek, G., Huberman, Gili, Izhar, Y., Wysoki, M., Kuzlitzky, W., Reneh, S., Gavish, S., Coll, M., Dory, I., Kadmon, A., Berlinger, M. J., Lebiush-Mordechi, Sara, Fridja, Dvora, Khasdan, V., Elhaik, E., Rodman, R., Argov, Yael, Rossler, Y., Wysoki, M., Swirski, E., Reneh, S., Kuzlitzky, W., Izhar, Y., Ben-Yehuda, S., Hadar, D., Mendel, Z., Assael, Fabienne, Zeidan, S., Zehavi, A., Gross, S., Dreishpon, Y., Steinberg, S., Cohen, M., Blumberg, D., Assael, Fabienne, Mendel, Z., Berlinger, M. J., Lebiush-Mordechi, Sara, Fridja, Dvora, Khasdan, V., Schwartz, B., Rodman, R., Glazer, I., Glazer, I., Rössler, Y., Gazit, Y., Chejanovsky, N., Gershburg, E., Lehavi, D., Rivkin, H., Faktor, O., Toister-Achituv, Mira, Faruchi, S., Kamensky, Batya, Faktor, O., Navon, A., Keren, Sara, Levski, Shlomit, Sachs, Y., Nakache, Y., Lazare, M., Gottlieb, Yuval, Zchori-Fein, Einat, Faktor, O., Rosen, D., Coll, M., Nevo, E., Coll, M., Harari, Ali R., Ben-Yehuda, S., Assae, Fabienne, Mende, Z., Klein, M., Chyzik, Raisa, Caspy, Immy, Davidovich, M., Ascher, K. R. S., Meisner, J., Izhar, Y., Ben-Yehuda, S., Wysoki, M., Swirski, E., Kuslitzky, W., Nestel, D., Klein, M., Adar, K., Nestel, D., Dunkelblum, E., Assael, Fabienne, Tarn, S., Harel, Miriam, Mendel, Z., Yarom, I., Malihi, Y., Svechkov, Anna, Freidberg, A., Horowitz, A. R., Ishaaya, I., Gazit, Y., Rossler, Y., Israely, N., Yuval, B., Nestel, D., Kitron, U., Perry, Y., Yuval, B., Kaspi, R., Yuval, B., Cohen, Hadass, Yuval, B., Dunkelblum, E., Mendel, Z., Altstein, Miriam, Ben-Aziz, Orna, Schafler, Irit, Seltzer, I., Gilon, C., Rafaeli, A., Gileadi, C., Dorchin, Netta, and Freidberg, A.

Published
1997
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9. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Third World Avocado Congress Abstracts of lectures OnLiriomyza spp. presented at a Shoshana Yathom Memorial Meeting: October 22-27, 1995 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel December 28, 1995 ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel

Author

Stevens, Philippa S., McKenna, Cathy E., Steven, David, Waite, Geoff, Swirski, E., Wysoki, M., Izhar, Y., Fuks, Y., Rene, S., Hadar, D., Rosen, David, Blumberg, D., Kuslitzky, W., Ben-Yehuda, S., Schnell, R. J., Harkins, D. M., Kuhn, D. N., Zilberstaine, Miriam, Ben-Ya’acov, A., Sela, I., Gallo-Llobet, Luisa, Siverio, Felipe, Duvenhage, Riaan, Köhne, Stefan, Pozniak, Dina, Pinkas, Y., Faber, Ben, Downer, James, Menge, John, Ohr, Howard, Muñoz-Carpena, Rafael, López-Herrera, C. J., Basallote-Ureba, M. J., Pérez-Jiménez, R. M., Verdú-Valiente, B., Melero-Vara, J. M., Perez-Jiménez, R. M., Garcéa-Faraco, J., Korsten, Lise, de Villiers, Erika E., de Jager, Elisabeth S., Towsen, Estelle, Kotzé, Jan M., van Wyngaardt, Sandra, Verschoor, Jan A., Ardi, R., Kobiler, Ilana, Prusky, D., Freeman, S., Rodriguez, R., Keen, N. T., Grech, N., Campbell, S., Zauberman, G., Fuchs, Y., Steinhardt, R., Kalmar, D., Miari, A., Lahav, E., Wiesman, Z., Elgart, Irina, Bernstein, Nirit, Meiri, A., Woolf, Allan B., Ball, Sarah, White, Anne, Spooner, Karen J., Watkins, Chris B., Bowen, Judith H., Lay-Yee, Michael, Ferguson, Ian B., Lurie, S., Klein, J. D., Handros, A., Ackerman, M., Sakovich, Nicholas, Witney, Guy, Martin, Gray, Bijzet, Zelda, Sippel, Arthur, Snijder, Bram, Breedt, Hannes, Cilliers, Ben, Lopez Lopez, Luis, Rubi Arriaga, Martin, Barrientos Priego, Alejandro, Ben-Ya’acv, Avraham D., Bufler, Gebhard, Solis Molina, Abraham, Ben-Yakir, D., Chen, M., Weintraub, Phyllis G., Horowitz, A. R., Ishaaya, I., and Mansour, Y.

Published
1996
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16. Abstracts of papers presented at the 3rd conference on agricultural entomology

Author

Mendel, Z., Rubin, Amos, Yardeni, Aharon, Rosen, David, Havron, A., Gerling, D., Shimron, Orit, Hadar, Dror, Wysoki, Manes, Palevsky, E., Eidlin-Harari, Smadar, Oppenheim, D., Reouveni, H., Gerson, U., Blumberg, D., Assael, Fabiene, Weissenberg, M., Tam, S., Shalom, U., Orshan, Laor, Pener, M. P., Berlinger, M. J., Mordechi, Sara, Pilowsky, M., Leeper, A., Glazer, Itamar, Klein, M., Navon, A., Izhar, Y., Sachs, Y., Ishaaya, I., Yablonski, Sara, Mendelson, Zmira, Horowitz, A. R., Bar-Zakay, I., Baum, D., Ascher, K. R. S., Melamed-Madjar, Venezia, Nemny, Nadia E., Eliyahu, Miriam, Ben-Yakir, D., Bazar, A., Chen, M., Tamari, R., Haran, Shoshan, Haiut, Ze’ela, Padova, R., Lapidot, M., Ross, I., Yathom, Shoshana, and Tal, Susana

Published
1992
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19. Assessing the Martian Surface Distribution of Aeolian Sand using a Mars General Circulation Model

Author

Anderson, F. S, Greeley, R, Xu, P, Lo, E, Blumberg, D. G, Haberle, R. M, and Murphy, J. R

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

A sand transport model using White's sand flux equation and the Mars beneral circulation model was developed to understand the erosional sources, transport pathways, and depositional sinks of windblown sand on Mars. An initially uniform distribution of sand (4 mm over the entire surface) is reeionally transported based on wind stress, saltation threshold, and percentage of topogaphic trapping. Results are consistsnt with the , observed polar and Hellespontus dunes and Christensen's madeled block size distribution, butonly for an extremely law saltation threshold (0.024 N/sq m): Low thresholds generally result in transport of sand-sized particles originating in the northern mid latitudes to the north pole, and transport from the northern lower latitudes to the southern hemisphere. Our results indicate that the polar dune fields could form in 50,000 years, consistent with the active polar dunes and lack of longitudinal dunes observed on the surface of Mars.

Published
1999
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20. Callosally projecting neurons in the macaque monkey V1/V2 border are enriched in nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein

Author

Hof, P. R, Ungerleider, L. G, Adams, M. M, Webster, M. J, Gattass, R, Blumberg, D. M, Morrison, J. H, and Bloom, F. E

Subjects
Life Sciences (General)
Abstract

Previous immunohistochemical studies combined with retrograde tracing in macaque monkeys have demonstrated that corticocortical projections can be differentiated by their content of neurofilament protein. The present study analyzed the distribution of nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein in callosally projecting neurons located at the V1/V2 border. All of the retrogradely labeled neurons were located in layer III at the V1/V2 border and at an immediately adjacent zone of area V2. A quantitative analysis showed that the vast majority (almost 95%) of these interhemispheric projection neurons contain neurofilament protein immunoreactivity. This observation differs from data obtained in other sets of callosal connections, including homotypical interhemispheric projections in the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal association cortices, that were found to contain uniformly low proportions of neurofilament protein-immunoreactive neurons. Comparably, highly variable proportions of neurofilament protein-containing neurons have been reported in intrahemispheric corticocortical pathways, including feedforward and feedback visual connections. These results indicate that neurofilament protein is a prominent neurochemical feature that identifies a particular population of interhemispheric projection neurons at the V1/V2 border and suggest that this biochemical attribute may be critical for the function of this subset of callosal neurons.

Published
1997

21. SRL-1: Radar Scenes of Impact Craters

Author

Greeley, R, Blumberg, D. G, McHone, J. F, Kuzmin, R, Ivanov, B, Garvin, J, Grieve, R, and Wall, S. D

Subjects
Communications And Radar
Published
1995

23. Sand transport on Mars: Preliminary results from models

Author

Greeley, R, Anderson, F. S, Blumberg, D, Lo, E, Xu, P, and Pollack, J

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Exploration
Abstract

Most studies of active aeolian processes on Mars have focused on dust, i.e., particles approximately 1 micron in diameter that are transported in suspension by wind. The presence of sand dunes on Mars indicates that larger grains (approximately greater than 60 microns, transported primarily in saltation) are also present. Although indirect evidence suggests that some dunes may be active, definitive evidence is lacking. Nonetheless, numerous studies demonstrate that sand is substantially easier to transport by wind than dust, and it is reasonable to infer that sand transportation in saltation occurs under present Martian conditions. In order to assess potential source regions, transportation pathways, and sites of deposition for sand on Mars, an iterative sand transport algorithm was developed that is based on the Mars General Circulation Model of Pollack et al. The results of the dust transport model are then compared with observed surface features, such as dune field locations observed on images, and surficial deposits as inferred from Viking IRTM observations. Preliminary results suggest that the north polar dune fields in the vicinity of 270 degrees W, 70 degrees N originated from weathered polar layered plains centered at 280 degrees W, 85 degrees N, and that Thaumasia Fossae, southern Hellas Planitia, and the area west of Hellespontus Montes are sand depositional sites. Examples of transportation 'corridors' include a westward pathway in the latitudinal band 35 degrees N to 45 degrees N, and a pathway southward from Solis Planum to Thaumasia Fossae, among others.

Published
1993

24. TRIALS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE CITRUS MEALYBUG IN CITRUS ORCHARDS BY AUGMENTATIVE RELEASE OF TWO ENCYRTID PARASITOIDS

Author

Mendel, Z., Gross, S., Steinberg, S., and Blumberg, D.

Abstract

TRIALS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE CITRUS MEALYBUG IN CITRUS ORCHARDS BY AUGMENTATIVE RELEASE OF TWO ENCYRTID PARASITOIDS. Since the 1980s, the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso) has become a key pest in Israel, owing to intensive planting of highly susceptible varieties, the introduction of Insect Growth Regulators (which adversely affect coccinellids) and the development of resistance to chlorpyrifos. Management of the mealybug populations in citrus orchards by augmentative releases of parasitoids was investigated between 1993 and 1996 in a series of tests involving the release of 5,000-10,000 Leptomastix dactylopii (Howard) (Encyrtidae) per hectare. Results showed no significant effect on the density of the mealybug on the fruits. In general, the establishment of L. dactylopii was poor and population levels were inferior to those of the naturally occurring Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (Encyrtidae). In 1996-1997, augmentative early-spring releases of A. pseudococci at the rates of 10,000-50,000 individuals per hectare markedly increased the population density of A. pseudococci during April and June but had no significant effect on either the mealybug infestation or on fruit damage caused by the pest and its fruit moth associates. Key words: grapefruit, persimmon, custard apple, coffee, cacao, Citrus, Diospyros, Annona, life cycle, damage, Coccidoxenoides peregrinus, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, Sympherobius sanctus, mass rearing, cork ring, potato sprout, potato trap, low temperatures, fruit moths., Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)

Published
2016
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25. THE CITRICULUS MEALYBUG, PSEUDOCOCCUS CRYPTUS HEMPEL, AND ITS NATURAL ENEMIES IN ISRAEL: HISTORY AND PRESENT SITUATION

Author

Blumberg, D., Ben-Dov, Y., and Mendel, Z.

Abstract

THE CITRICULUS MEALYBUG, PSEUDOCOCCUS CRYPTUS HEMPEL, AND ITS NATURAL ENEMIES IN ISRAEL: HISTORY AND PRESENT SITUATION. The citriculus mealybug, Pseudococcus cryptus Hempel, was first discovered in Israel in 1937 and very rapidly became a key pest of citrus. However, since the early 1940s, the mealybug population has sharply decreased. This occurred in parallel with the establishment of the introduced parasitoid Clausenia purpurea Ishii, which was then believed to be the main cause of the biological control of the mealybug. Since the late 1980s, outbreaks of P. cryptus have been recorded mainly in new citrus varieties, such as red grapefruits, pomelo, “sweety” and several peeling varieties. The current outbreaks are probably related to the susceptibility of these mentioned varieties to P. cryptus, and to the adverse effects of Insect Growth Regulators to coccinellid predators, especially Scymnus spp. The introduced C. purpurea and two other local encyrtid parasitoids, Leptomastix near algirica and Anagyrus diversicornis Mercet, rarely emerged from samples of P. cryptus collected during 1996-1998. Four further parasitoid species were introduced into Israel during 1996-1997 against P. cryptus: from central Asia, the platygasterids Allotropa burrelli Muesebeck and A. convexifrons Muesebeck and the encyrtid, Pseudaphycus malinus Gahan; and from Japan, Anagyrus sawadai Ishii. A. convexifrons and A. sawadai successfully parasitized P. cryptus and, therefore, were released in the field but only A. sawadai has so far been recovered. A considerable reduction in population densities of the pest has been recorded since May, 1998, in the major release site of the latter species. Key words: distribution, host plants, Pseudococcus comstocki, P. citriculus, P. viburni, IGR, Coccinellidae, Planococcus citri, P. ficus, Aonidiella aurantii, Ceroplastes floridensis, Anagyrus pseudococci, Leptomastidia abnormis, Leptomastix flavus, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, Cecidomyiidae, Sympherobiidae, Chrysopidae., Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)

Published
2016
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26. Use of radar to assess aeolian processes

Author

Greeley, Ronald, Lancaster, N, Gaddis, L, Blumberg, D, Debrovolskis, A, Saunders, R. S, Wall, S, Iversen, J. D, White, B, and Rasmussen, K. R

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Exploration
Abstract

The interaction between wind and desert surfaces has important implications for sediment transport on Earth, Mars, and Venus, and for understanding the relationship between radar backscatter and aerodynamic roughness. Here, researchers report results from measurements of atmospheric boundary layer profiles, assessment of radar backscatter at P, L, and C wavelengths, and surface roughness in Death Valley, the Mojave Desert, and Lunar Lake, NV, and discuss the implications for aeolian process. The sites include playas, gravel and sand regs, alluvial fans, and lava flows. Boundary layer wind profiles were measured using anemometers at heights of 0.75, 1.25, 2.07, 3.44, 5.72, and 9.5 m; temperature sensors at heights of 1.3 and 9.6 m; and wind vanes at 9.7 and 1.5 m. Microtopographic measurements were made using a template and a laser-photo device to obtain RMS height. This study demonstrates that radar backscatter coefficients obtained from airborne and perhaps orbiting instruments could permit the derivation of aerodynamic roughness values for large areas. Such values, when combined with wind frequency data, could enable assessment of aeolian processes on a regional scale.

Published
1991

33. Abstracts of papers presented at a meeting on Biotechnology in Plant Protection, and in Agriculture in General Abstracts of papers presented at the 4th Meeting on Whiteflies in Field Crops, Vegetables and Orchards: January 9, 1985 Bet Dagan, Israel February 11,1985 Bet Dagan, Israel

Author

Izhar, S., Bar-Joseph, M., Rosner, A., Navon, A., Salomon, R., Swirski, E., Blumberg, D., Wysoki, M., Izhar, Y., Gerling, D., Horowitz, A. R., Baumgaertner, J., Berlinger, M. J., Dahan, R., Mordechi, Sara, Oren, Riki, Or, R., Melamed-Madjar, Venezia, Gerson, U., Ascher, K. R. S., Eliyahu, Miriam, Ishaaya, I., Mendelson, Z., Casida, J. E., Cohen, S., Perry, A. S., Yechezkel, H. Bar, Alon, G., Elsner, O., and Stern, G.

Published
1985
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48. Flood hydrograph reconstruction from the peak flow value in ephemeral streams using a simplified robust single-parameter model.

Author

Ronen‐Eliraz, G., Ginat, H., Dody, A., Blumberg, D., and Dahan, O.

Subjects
NAUTICAL charts, STREAM measurements, EPHEMERAL streams, ARID regions, HYDROGRAPHY
Abstract

Flood hydrographs from ephemeral streams in arid areas provide valuable information for assessing run-off and groundwater recharge. However, such data are often scarce or incomplete, especially in hyper-arid regions. The hypothesis of this study was that it is possible to reconstruct a hydrograph of a specific point along an ephemeral stream with the knowledge of only the peak flow rate of a flood event at that point and that this can be done at almost every point along the stream. The feasibility of this approach lies in the shape of the recession stage of the flood hydrograph, which is known to be a repeating phenomenon. The recession stage comes immediately after the peak flow rate, when it begins its decline, and lasts until the flood is extinguished. A general shape of the flood recession stage can be provided. Because the recession stage represents ~80% of the duration of a flood event, it can provide a general idea of the flood hydrograph's shape. A simple model based on geometric progression is suggested to describe the repeating recession stage of a flood. The advantage of the proposed model is that it requires only one parameter: the recession characteristic at a fixed point along the ephemeral stream, termed recession coefficient q. By knowing the recession coefficient of a fixed point and the peak flow rate of a flood event at that point, one can plot the flood hydrograph. A good agreement is shown between the observed and computed values of the recession stage. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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49. Large oil spill classification using SAR images based on spatial histogram.

Author

Schvartzman, I., Havivi, S., Maman, S., Rotman, S. R., and Blumberg, D. G.

Subjects
REMOTE sensing, OIL spill management, SYNTHETIC aperture radar
Abstract

Among the different types of marine pollution, oil spill is a major threat to the sea ecosystems. Remote sensing is used in oil spill response. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an active microwave sensor that operates under all weather conditions and provides information about the surface roughness and covers large areas at a high spatial resolution. SAR is widely used to identify and track pollutants in the sea, which may be due to a secondary effect of a large natural disaster or by a man-made one . The detection of oil spill in SAR imagery relies on the decrease of the backscattering from the sea surface, due to the increased viscosity, resulting in a dark formation that contrasts with the brightness of the surrounding area. Most of the use of SAR images for oil spill detection is done by visual interpretation. Trained interpreters scan the image, and mark areas of low backscatter and where shape is a-symmetrical. It is very difficult to apply this method for a wide area. In contrast to visual interpretation, automatic detection algorithms were suggested and are mainly based on scanning dark formations, extracting features, and applying big data analysis. We propose a new algorithm that applies a nonlinear spatial filter that detects dark formations and is not susceptible to noises, such as internal or speckle. The advantages of this algorithm are both in run time and the results retrieved. The algorithm was tested in genesimulations as well as on COSMO-SkyMed images, detecting the Deep Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico (occurred on 20/4/2010). The simulation results show that even in a noisy environment, oil spill is detected. Applying the algorithm to the Deep Horizon oil spill, the algorithm classified the oil spill better than focusing on dark formation algorithm. Furthermore, the results were validated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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50. UTILIZING SAR AND MULTISPECTRAL INTEGRATED DATA FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE.

Author

Havivi, S., Schvartzman, I., Maman, S., Marinoni, A., Gamba, P., Rotman, S. R., and Blumberg, D. G.

Subjects
REMOTE-sensing images, ENVIRONMENTAL disasters, DATA analysis
Abstract

Satellite images are used widely in the risk cycle to understand the exposure, refine hazard maps and quickly provide an assessment after a natural or man-made disaster. Though there are different types of satellite images (e.g. optical, radar) these have not been combined for risk assessments. The characteristics of different remote sensing data type may be extremely valuable for monitoring and evaluating the impacts of disaster events, to extract additional information thus making it available for emergency situations. To base this approach, two different change detection methods, for two different sensor's data were used: Coherence Change Detection (CCD) for SAR data and Covariance Equalization (CE) for multispectral imagery. The CCD provides an identification of the stability of an area, and shows where changes have occurred. CCD shows subtle changes with an accuracy of several millimetres to centimetres. The CE method overcomes the atmospheric effects differences between two multispectral images, taken at different times. Therefore, areas that had undergone a major change can be detected. To achieve our goals, we focused on the urban areas affected by the tsunami event in Sendai, Japan that occurred on March 11, 2011 which affected the surrounding area, coastline and inland. High resolution TerraSAR-X (TSX) and Landsat 7 images, covering the research area, were acquired for the period before and after the event. All pre-processed and processed according to each sensor. Both results, of the optical and SAR algorithms, were combined by resampling the spatial resolution of the Multispectral data to the SAR resolution. This was applied by spatial linear interpolation. A score representing the damage level in both products was assigned. The results of both algorithms, high level of damage is shown in the areas closer to the sea and shoreline. Our approach, combining SAR and multispectral images, leads to more reliable information and provides a complete scene for the emergency response following an event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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