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Background: Some pathologies associated with abnormal patellar height have been reported in the literature. However, its relationship with some pathologies, such as anterior cruciate ligament mucoid degeneration (ACL-MD) and focal cartilage defect, has not been investigated. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between patellar height with patellar-quadriceps tendinopathy, quadriceps fat pad edema, ACL-MD, and focal cartilage defect. Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging of the knees of 261 patients were classified into three groups as normal, patella alta, and patella baja, and evaluated in terms of patellar-quadriceps tendinopathy, quadriceps fat pad edema, ACL-MD, and focal cartilage defect. Results: There were 261 patients (140 men, 121 women; age range = 18–60 years; mean age = 30 ± 4.7 years). Of the 261 patients, 181 (69.3%) were normal, 56 (21.4%) were patella alta, and 24 were patella baja (9.1%). Patellar-quadriceps tendinopathy, quadriceps fat pad edema, and ACL-MD rates were significantly higher compared to the normal group (P <0.05). While a moderate positive correlation was found between patellar height shift and patellar-quadriceps tendinopathy and ACL-MD, there was a small correlation between patellar height shift and quadriceps fat pad edema. The rate of focal cartilage defect was significantly higher in the middle part of the lateral femoral condyle and lateral knee joint only in patella alta. Conclusion: The risk of patellar-quadriceps tendinopathy, quadriceps fat pad edema, ACL-MD, and lateral focal cartilage defect is higher in patients with alta-baja. The radiologist should evaluate these pathologies more carefully, especially subtle ones, in patients with abnormal patellar height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kualitas menjadi hal yang paling utama dan mendasar bagi pelanggan, yaitu ketika produk yang didapatkannya berada dalam keadaan baik dan tidak terdapat kecacatan atau defect. Dengan kondisi seperti ini, perusahaan dituntut memproduksi produk yang berkualitas baik dengan tingkat kecacatan atau defect seminimum mungkin agar dapat meningkatkan profit perusahaan. PT. XYZ merupakan salah satu industri baja terbesar di Indonesia yang senantiasa menjaga produknya dengan kualitas yang tinggi tetapi masih terdapat produk yang memiliki kecacatan atau defect. Pada Tahun 2019, kecacatan yang terjadi pada continuous tandem cold mill (CTCM) untuk produk cold rolled coil (CRC) mencapai 29.918 ton dari total produksi 282.863 ton atau sekitar 10% dari total produksi. Oleh karena itu peneliti melakukan penelitian terkait kecacatan (defect) yang terjadi untuk produk cold rolled coil (CRC) pada continuous tandem cold mill (CTCM). Penelitian terhadap kualitas produk cold rolled coil (CRC) dilakukan dengan menggunakan diagram Pareto, peta kendali p, diagram fishbone, metode Taguchi dan ANOVA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa cacat yang dominan terjadi adalah cacat F70A (serrated edge) dan untuk meminimalisir cacat tersebut didapatkan setting level yang optimal yaitu temperatur coil sebesar 8900C dan break cut area dengan ≥40% area pemotongan atau pemakanan coil. The most basic thing in quality in the eyes of customers is when the product they get is in good condition and there are no defects. With these conditions, companies are required to produce products with minimum defects or no defects in order to increase company profits. PT. XYZ. is the largest steel industry in Indonesia which always maintains its products with high quality but there are still products that have defects. In 2019, defects occurred in the continuous tandem cold mill (CTCM) mill for cold rolled coil (CRC) reached 29.918 tons from a total production of 282.863 tons or about 10% of total production. Therefore, researchers conducted research related to defects that occur for cold rolled coil (CRC) products in continuous tandem cold mill (CTCM). Research on the quality of cold rolled coil (CRC) products was carried out using Pareto diagrams, p-control charts, fishbone diagrams, and the Taguchi method. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the dominant defect occurred was F70A (serrated edge) defect, then to minimize the defect, the optimal setting level was obtained, that is coil temperature of 8900C and the break cut area with ≥40% of the cutting area or coil feeding. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst.v16i2.9242.

Abstract Background Subcapsular hematoma of the liver is a potentially life-threatening but extremely rare condition. It is often caused by a blunt trauma or other predisposing conditions such as a liver tumor, intra-tumor hemorrhage, surgery, preeclampsia, liver biopsy, and hemodialysis. Predisposing causes of liver hematoma include its large size and proximity to fixed structures. To date, there have been no reported cases of subcapsular liver hematoma caused by tight clothing such as corsets. Our case report is about an extremely rare case of subcapsular hematoma of the liver caused by wearing a tight faja corset in a young healthy female. Case presentation A forty-five-year-old Spanish female without any underlying health problems presented with sudden onset epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain after wearing a faja corset the night prior to the hospital presentation. CT abdomen was noted for subcapsular hematoma of the liver. Her symptoms persisted and repeat CT abdomen showing worsening of the liver hematoma. Patient had interventional radiology (IR) guided drainage and was subsequently discharged home. Conclusions Subscapular liver hematomas need to be considered in patients presenting with acute onset abdominal pain after wearing certain tight clothing. The necessity of an early and accurate diagnosis is vital for management as hemodynamically stable patients can be managed conservatively. Our patient was managed with IR-guided aspiration drainage of the hematoma. Surgery can be considered a last resort in case of life-threatening hemodynamic instability, peritoneal signs, free abdominal fluid, and failure of arterial embolization. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of traumatic subcapsular hematomas to prevent life-threatening complications.

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Sisa material atau waste merupakan sisa dari material yang tidak dapat dipergunakan kembali. Sering tidak sesuainya perencanaan estimasi waste dengan kenyataan waste di lapangan, menjadi latar belakang penelitian ini. Penelitan ini terfokus pada empat jenis bangunan baja antara lain gudang, bandara, tower, jembatan dengan masing-masing menggambarkan jenis profil wf, pipa, siku, plat. Metode penelitian yaitu dengan menghitung persentase waste dengan cara menghitung selisih berat bruto dikurangi berat netto yang kemudian dibagi berat bruto. Berat bruto diperoleh dari perhitungan kebutuhan material berdasarkan gambar struktur, sedangkan berat netto diperoleh dari hasil permodelan 3D. Pengujian korelasi untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab waste. Hasil pengolahan data adalah waste tower dengan profil siku sebesar 5.71 %, gudang dengan profil wf sebesar 9.36 %, bandara dengan profil pipa sebesar 13.85 %, dan jembatan dengan profil plat sebesar 19.08%. Faktor penyebab waste adalah jenis profil dan dimensi bangunan yang meliputi tinggi bangunan, panjang bangunan, bentang bangunan.

El artículo presenta los primeros hallazgos de un estudio que busca contribuir a la comprensión de la construcción de las masculinidades y el trabajo en la Frontera norte de México; tiene como contexto específico a la ciudad de Tecate, Baja California. El objetivo es analizar la articulación entre el desarrollo demográfico y económico de Tecate a partir del inicio y auge de la industria cervecera, y su vínculo con la construcción de masculinidades a través de un diseño narrativo. Las narrativas muestran un sistema homosocial, cuyo valor central es la figura del hombre fuerte como modelo de empleado racional masculino de cara a los cambios en el sistema económico.

Baja karbon rendah merupakan material yang biasa digunakan dalam industri penanganan batu bara, tapi memiliki ketahanan erosi dan korosi yang rendah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pelapisan ceramic coating berpengikat fosfat. Al(OH)3 dan H3PO4 digunakan sebagai bahan dasar binder. Partikel ceramic yang digunakan adalah Al2O3 dan SiC. Pada pembuatan ceramic coating berpengikat fosfat ini dilakukan heat treatment selama 1 jam, 3 jam dan 5 jam untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu heat treatment terhadap karakteristik ceramic coating. Pengamatan menggunakan SEM menunjukkan semakin lamanya waktu heat treatment semakin banyak vacancy yang terbentuk. Dilakukan pengujian erosi untuk mengetahui ketahanan erosi ceramic coating dan hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai erosion rate ceramic coating dengan partikel SiC sebesar 7,5 mg/Kg dan tanpa partikel SiC sebesar 14,2 mg/Kg. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian ketahanan air, didapatkan losses dari ceramic coating sebesar 0,074%. Hasil dari keseluruhan karakterisasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan, bahwa semakin lama waktu heat treatment ketahanan erosi dan ketahanan air meningkat pada rentang waktu heat treatment 1 – 5 jam.

Abstract: Obtaining accurate and readily repeatable measurements is a prerequisite for using measures of soft tissue structures both clinically and in the research setting. Few studies have evaluated the interrater reliability of ultrasound measurements of tendons. The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy and reliability of a new method of sonographic measurement of patellar tendon length using direct dissection as the gold standard. Four cadaveric knees were sonographically evaluated by two independent investigators. Two custom designed straps with nylon strapping and stainless steel wire were used to firmly mark position on the leg and create an acoustic shadow on the ultrasound image. Anatomic landmarks were the distal patellar pole and the bony ridge on the anterior proximal tibia. After sonographic evaluation, the knee was dissected to expose the patellar tendon, which was measured using digital calipers. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to determine reliability of measurements between observers, where ICC >0.75 was considered good and >0.9 was considered excellent. Validity was measured using a Bland-Altman plot, which measures bias between measurement methods as well as variability of scatter. Three sonographic measurements were made by each investigator on each tendon. The length of each of the four tendons based on the mean values of sonographic measurements was 53.8 mm, 53.4 mm, 49.4 mm and 46.8 mm. The length based on visual inspection of the dissected tissue was 54.6 mm, 52.8 mm, 49.8 mm and 46.9 mm. The calculated ICC between raters was 0.96. On the Bland-Altman plot, the bias, or mean difference between sonographic and visual measures, was 0.17 mm, with a standard deviation of 0.71. The 95% limit of agreement was −1.55 to 1.22 mm. Measurement of patellar tendon length with ultrasound using adjustable surface markers and calipers is highly accurate and has good interrater reliability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Patellar position during knee flexion was studied in 41 patients with bicruciate substituting (BCS), 41 patients with posterior cruciate retaining (CR) and 41 patients with posterior stabilized (PS) TKA''s. The perpendicular height of the patella above the tibial tubercle was compared to the length of the patellar tendon on maximum flexion lateral radiographs. BCS knees had greater active flexion compared to PS and CR knees (BCS=124±9.8, PS=112±9.5, CR=110±10.9). In flexion, apparent patella infera (API) or the height of the patella above the tibial tubercle was 3.5% lower than the patellar tendon length for BCS knees, 1.7% lower in PS knees and 0.5% lower in CR knees. API in PS and BCS knees correlated with active knee flexion, but not in CR knees. Our findings indicate that an apparent inferior position of the patella occurs in BCS knees during deep flexion which is not caused by significant patellar ligament shortening or joint line elevation, but associated with normal posterior rollback of the femur. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Regional uplift in southern California, USA, and northern Baja California, Mexico, is interpreted to result from flexure of the elastic lithosphere driven largely by heating and thinning of the upper mantle beneath the Gulf of California and eastern Peninsular Ranges. The geometry and timing of faulting in the Salton Trough and Gulf of California, the history of recent rock uplift along the Pacific coastline, and geophysical data constrain models of lithospheric heating and thinning based on unloading of a continuous elastic plate. High topography that marks the ∼400-km-long rift shoulder in northern Baja California mimics the pattern of uplift observed along the Pacific coastline as defined by marine terraces. We interpret this to indicate that recent rock uplift has occurred across the entire width of northern Baja Peninsula and increases from west to east. Pliocene strata deposited at sea level along the Pacific coastline in southern California have not been uplifted significantly above Quaternary marine terrace deposits. This suggests the onset of rock uplift along the Pacific coast here is post-Pliocene and occurs after Miocene crustal extension in the Salton Trough and Gulf of California. Strong heating of the mantle lid beneath the Peninsular Ranges in northern Baja California thus coincides with crustal extension limited to localized oceanic spreading in the Gulf of California. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

San Quintin Bay (Baja, California, Mexico) is extensively utilized by artisanal farmers to cultivate Pacific oysters ( Crassostrea gigas) using a rope/rack system. A large juvenile oyster mortality event was significantly correlated with the presence of native predatory whelks, Macron trochlea. Surveys, field and lab experiments were performed to identify the predatory behaviour of the whelk, determine factors affecting oyster mortality, and quantify the impact on oyster farmers. Macron trochlea was found to be a voracious, active predator, which can consume ∼4 juvenile oysters day−1. Juvenile oysters suffer significantly higher mortality in the presence of whelks. Macron trochlea has the largest impact on small oysters. Once oysters grow to >30 mm they reach a size refuge above which there is much lower mortality. At average growth rates, an oyster can escape predation after ∼3 months. But, in areas of highest whelk densities, at average predation rates, whelks could consume the standing crop of juvenile oysters in approximately 43 days. For the artisanal oyster farmers of San Quintin this represents a substantial economic loss, which was unaccounted for previously. Farmers can reduce loss to whelk predation by seeding juvenile oysters in low whelk density areas until oysters reach the size refuge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Our aim in this study was to evaluate the prevalence of patella baja after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using 2 different surgical techniques. Postoperative changes in patella height were measured on serial radiographs of 74 TKAs implanted using a mini-midvastus capsular approach without patella eversion (group 1) and 57 TKAs implanted using a standard medial parapatellar capsular approach with patella eversion (group 2). Preoperative and postoperative Knee Society scores, operative data, and complications were compared. With a cutoff level of 5% shortening, the prevalence was 12% in group 1 and 37% in group 2 (P = .001). The presence of patella baja was related to reduced flexion and increased pain as early as 1 year after TKA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Six cases representing a variety of orthopedic issues were presented to a panel of senior surgeons. These included the following: (1) developmental patella baja with degenerative arthritis, (2) high valgus knee with attenuated medial collateral ligament, (3) degenerative arthritis with near-ankylosis, (4) depressed tibial plateau fracture with degenerative arthritis, (5) degenerative arthritis with laterally dislocating patella, and (6) degenerative arthritis with distal femoral malunion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

General ecological methods and models that require a minimum amount of information yet are still able to inform conservation planning are particularly valuable. Nested subset analysis has been advocated as such a tool for the prediction of extinction-prone species and populations. However, such advocacy has not been without skepticism and debate, and in the majority of published examples assessing extinction vulnerability, actual extinctions are based on assumptions rather than direct evidence. Here, we empirically test the power of nested subset analysis to predict extinction-prone species, using documented Holocene insular mammal extinctions on three island archipelagos off the west coast of North America. We go on to test whether the introduction of invasive mammals promotes nestedness on islands via extinction. While all three archipelagos were significantly nested before and after the extinction events, nested subset analysis largely failed to predict extinction patterns. We also failed to detect any correlations between the degree of nestedness at the genus-level with area, isolation, or species richness and extinction risk. Biogeography tools, such as nested subset analysis, must be critically evaluated before they are prescribed widely for conservation planning. For these island archipelagos, it appears detailed natural history and taxa-specific ecology may prove critical in predicting patterns of extinction risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The use of low doses of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) was initially proposed in Asian countries in response to racial peculiarities related to the functionality of fibrinogen and coagulation factors that potentially increased the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage, and with a view to saving costs. In view of the controversy over the use of rt-PA below the standard dose, we conducted a literature review of studies promoting the use of low doses or comparing different doses of rt-PA., Development: We reviewed 198 abstracts related to the search terms and the full texts of 52 studies published in the last 30 years. We finally included 13 randomised clinical trials aiming to determine the efficacy and safety of the use of rt-PA at different doses in acute stroke, 14 observational cohort studies, 5 meta-analyses, and 3 systematic reviews., Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to classify low doses of rt-PA as superior or at least not inferior to the standard treatment in the management of acute stroke in western populations. More clinical trials are required to determine whether the use of low doses is beneficial in patients with relative contraindications for thrombolytic therapy or other particular circumstances that may increase the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage., (Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Patella baja is a complication of chronic quadriceps tendon rupture. In this case we present the treatment of this problem by the proximal transfer of the tibial tubercle allowing an environment in which the quadriceps tendon can heal. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A consistent finding from contemporary Western societies is that women outlive men. However, what is unclear is whether sex differences in survival are constant across varying socio-ecological conditions. We test the universality of the female survival advantage with mortality data from a nineteenth century population in the Baja California peninsula of Mexico. When examined simply, we find evidence for a male-biased survival advantage. However, results from Cox regression clearly show the importance of age intervals for variable survival patterns by sex. Our key findings are that males: (i) experience significantly lower mortality risk than females during the ages 15-30 (RR = 0.69), (ii) are at a significantly increased risk of dying in the 61+ category (RR = 1.30) and (iii) do not experience significantly different mortality risk at any other age interval (0-14, 31-45, 46-60). We interpret our results to stem from differing intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for sex-biased mortality across age intervals, highlighting the relevance of a lifecourse approach to the study of survival advantage. Ultimately, our results make clear the need to more broadly consider variability in mortality risk factors across time and place to allow for a clearer understanding of human survival differences.