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Aim: There is no marker that can predict whether there is resistance to treatment in patients with psoriasis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the staining rates of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36 markers immunohistochemically from cutaneous biopsy and the treatment success. Methods: The patients who were followed up in the dermatology clinic with the diagnosis of plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris and received biological treatment and previously had cutaneous biopsy were included in the study. The cutaneous biopsies of the cases that met the conditions were re-sectioned and subjected to immunohistochemical examination for TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36. Results: Comparing the staining scores with psoriasis area severity index (PASI); A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and TNF-α staining score (p = 0.034). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and IL-17 staining score (p = 0.004). When the staining scores and PASI response rates of psoriasis treatment were evaluated in terms of correlation; there was a positive correlation between TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23 immunohistochemical staining rates and PASI response rates. Conclusions: In line with the data obtained from our study, we think that making immunohistochemical scoring before the biological treatment decision in psoriasis patients will be beneficial in treatment selection. In this respect, our study may open a new era in the selection of biological treatments for psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Melek. Kayiran, Ayse. Karadag, Gökçen. Alyamaç, Bengü. Cemil, Düriye. Demirseren, Yuhanize. Demircan, Hasan. Aksoy, Sevilay. Kiliç, Esma. Yüksel, Göknur. Kalkan, Sema. Aksaç, Ömer. Kutlu, Sümeyye. Kaksi, Aysun. Aktürk, Sezgi. [...]

Lichen Planus (LP) is an inflammatory mucocutaneous disease characterized by typically itchy, pink-purple, polygonal, flat, papules and plaques. The genital region, the oral mucosa, and the flexor surfaces of the extremities are the most common locations of lichen planus. LP usually appears as diffuse lesions. In the literature, single liken planus lesion cases were re ported on the lower lip, esophagus, and breast. Localized foot annular lichen planus is a very rare and extraordinary manifestation of LP. Herein, we present two cases of a single plaque LP on the foot that had been diagnosed as tinea pedis and nummular dermatitis in external family medicine clinics. We want to underline the significance of this uncommon entity in the differential diagnosis of plantar dermatoses in primary care.

This article presents the findings of a study conducted in Turkey to determine the prevalence and degree of hirsutism in women of reproductive age. The study included a total of 5,282 patients, with 15.8% of them having hirsutism. The study found that the prevalence of hirsutism varied between geographical regions, with the Mediterranean region having the highest prevalence at 22.3% and the Southeastern Anatolia region having the lowest at 5.6%. The study also determined that the most important body areas contributing to hirsutism were the lower abdomen, thighs, chin, and upper lip. The study provides valuable information on the prevalence of hirsutism in Turkey and highlights the regional differences in its occurrence. [Extracted from the article]

Aims: To examine the differences in the levels of microRNA, ischemic modified albumin (IMA), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of persons with and without psoriasis and, in the case group, the relationship between these parameters and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients and healthy participants to examine levels of these parameters. Results: The mean serum TOC level was higher in the case group. The mean serum TAC and IMA levels were significantly lower in the case group (P <0.001). It was observed that the mean serum miR-203 and miR-146a levels were increased in psoriasis patients. It was determined that there was only a significant positive weak correlation between miR-203 and PASI (r = 0.232, P = 0.027). Limitations: The small sample size, not controlling serum albumin and not evaluating the effects of the treatment agents used by the patients on oxidative and inflammatory processes. Conclusion: In the case group changes in the mean serum TOC and TAC levels provide evidence that oxidative stress may play a critical role in disease pathogenesis. The increase in the mean serum miR-203 and miR-146a levels suggest the possibility of therapies targeting these microRNAs as a new option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) causes significant physical, social, and psychological burdens. Internalized stigma, acceptance of negative attitudes and stereotypes of society regarding a person's illness, has not been studied previously in HS. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the internalized stigma state of HS patients and identify the factors affecting it. Methods: This multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study included 731 patients. Internalized Stigma Scale (ISS), Hurley staging, Physician Global Assessment, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Skindex-16, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS)-pain score were used in the study. Results: The mean ISS value (57.50 ± 16.90) was comparable to the mean ISS values of studies in visible dermatological and various psychiatric diseases. A significant correlation was found between the mean values of ISS and all disease activity scores, quality of life measures, BDI-II, and VAS-pain scores. Obesity, family history, low education and income level, vulva/scrotum involvement and being actively treated are significant and independent predictive factors for high internalized stigma in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: HS patients internalize society's negative judgements, which may create a profound negative effect on access to health care. Therefore, in addition to suppressing disease activity, addressing internalized stigma is fundamental for improving health care quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease in adolescents and oxidative stress plays an important role in acne pathology. However, the pathology of acne has not yet been fully elucidated. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs, and there is increasing evidence for their role in the pathogenesis of skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and other inflammatory diseases. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels with plasma miRNA expression profile related with oxidative stress in patients with severe acne vulgaris. Materials and Methods: Fifty seven female patients with severe acne and 40 healthy women were included in the study. Plasma miRNA-31, miRNA-200a, and miRNA-21 levels were evaluated by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain rection analysis. MDA and GSH levels were measured as per the manufacturer's procedures using commercial ELISA kits. Results: Plasma miRNA-21 levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with severe acne compared to the control group (P =0.003). Plasma miRNA-200a (P =0.303) and miRNA-31 (P =.652) levels were slightly higher in patients with severe acne compared to the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Serum MDA levels (P =.047) were higher in patients with severe acne compared to control group, while serum GSH levels (P =.001) were lower. Conclusion: These results show that oxidative damage is involved in acne etiopathogenesis and especially miRNA-21 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a disease that can affect the patient's quality of life (QoL), sexual functions, and mood. Objective: We planned a retrospective study to investigate the effects of omalizumab use in CSU patients on sexual function. We also aimed to evaluate the sexual function, quality of life (QoL), and mood of CSU patients compared to the control group consisting of idiopathic pruritus patients. Methods: A review of patients' records with CSU attending the dermatology outpatient clinic from January 2020 to June 2020 was done. Urticaria activation score (UAS7), Beck depression inventory (BDI), Dermatology life quality index (DLQI), female sexual function index (FSFI) to female participants, and the international index of erectile function (IIEF) to male participants were used to assess the impact of the disease on patients' life. The obtained data were analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Each one of the mean UAS, BDI, and DLQI score values decreased significantly in weeks in omalizumab group patients. IIEF score in male patients and FSFI score in female patients also increased in weeks in omalizumab group patients. Conclusions: Omalizumab can play an effective role in enhancing the sexual function of CSU patients in addition to improving their DLQI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Majocchi disease, purpuric annularis telangiectodes, is an uncommon pigmented purpuric dermatosis. It is usually observed in young adult males, but is very uncommon in childhood. In this paper, a ten-year-old female patient having very number of annular eruptions, surrounded by petechiae on her legs, diagnosed as Majocchi disease, is presented and discussed and the literature discussed.

Biological agent treatments represent a relatively new field and their effects on routine laboratory parameters are not fully known as there has been little research in the area. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the differences between the two main biological treatment groups and their effects on routine laboratory parameters. Patients were enrolled when they had received treatment for more than six months with biological treatments between January 2013 and April 2020. The available data on routine laboratory parameters were collected by routine blood tests before the treatment, at three months, and at the final evaluation. When the changes in routine laboratory parameters were evaluated by treatment, it was found that the NLR and CRP values decreased statistically significantly in the anti-TNF group compared to the IL inhibitor group. In addition, strong suppression of these inflammation parameters means strong suppression of the immune system response. In addition, AST, ALT, and creatinine values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the anti-TNF group compared to the IL inhibitor group. In our study, anti-TNF treatments are shown to be more effective in reducing inflammation parameters while IL antagonists are safer in terms of biochemical parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The pro‐yellow laser is a yellow light wavelength (577‐nm) laser system. Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disorder that occurs with facial flushing, erythema, papules, pustules, and telangiectasia. Demodex parasites (Demodex folliculorum and brevis) also play a role in the pathogenesis of rosacea. Aim: The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of pro‐yellow laser on demodex density (Dd) in patients with rosacea. Patients/Methods: This retrospective study was planned for the patients with rosacea whose demodex mite densities were examined and treated with pro‐yellow laser and were evaluated between 2019 and 2020 in the cosmetology unit. The laser light was applied at a dose of 20 J/cm2 in the scanner mode (the 80% coverage) in all the patients. The demodex density per cm2 was routinely evaluated before the treatment, and the demodex density values in the fourth week after the treatment were recorded from the patients' files. Results: There were 27 females (79.4%) and seven males (20.6%) evaluated in the study. While the demodex density was 18.1 ± 10.7 (min: 0–max: 48, Q1:12–Q3:22) per cm2 before the pro‐yellow laser treatment in the cases, the demodex density was 10.2 ± 7.9 (min: 0–max: 30, Q1:4.75–Q3:12) per cm2 in the fourth week after the treatment. After the pro‐yellow laser treatment, the demodex intensity decreased significantly compared to before the laser treatment (p = 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the decrease in the density of the demodex mite and the success of the treatment (p = 0.46). Conclusion: This is the first study in the literature investigating the change in demodex density in rosacea patients treated with pro‐yellow laser therapy. In this study, it was shown that pro‐yellow laser treatment is effective in reducing the density of demodex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Keratosis pilaris rubra (KPR) is a rare group of idiopathic hereditary disorders of keratinization, and it is considered as variants of keratosis pilaris. It is characterized by a well‐defined erythema and small, keratotic follicular papules that are seen on the cheeks and preauricular area. Keratosis pilaris rubra is an aesthetically distressed situation, and especially vascular erythema is the most common complaint. In recent years, pro‐yellow (577 nm) laser, laser system with yellow light wavelength, has been used as an alternative for seeking more effective treatment especially in vascular lesions. However, in the literature, pro‐yellow laser therapy has never been used before in keratosis pilaris rubra. Therefore, we wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of the pro‐yellow laser in keratosis pilaris rubra patients. Materials and Methods: In our study, four patients with keratosis pilaris rubra treated with pro‐yellow laser in our Cosmetology Unit between December 2017 and March 2019 were evaluated. The first session was started with 20 j/cm2 and the dose increased 2 j/cm2 at each session. The dose was increased up to 26 j/cm2, a total of four sessions (20–22–24–26 j/cm2) was applied in treatment. All the sessions were used in treatment scanner mode. Results: Objectifying a clearance of erythema >75% was clinically evident in three patients, in the fourth patient, erythema regressed approximately 50%. There has been no recurrence of the lesions after a minimum three months follow‐up. There was no permanent side effect in any patient. Conclusion: Pro‐yellow laser is a well option for the treatment of keratosis pilaris rubra, and we think that it could be a safety choice therapy. In addition, a well tolerance to treatment and a low incidence of serious side effects make it a very reliable therapy. Further clinical studies are needed to improve our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Seborrheic dermatitis is common in the 14–50 age group, especially the adolescent age group. It was determined that the ratio of finger lengths did not change in the adult period after being determined in the intrauterine period. At the same time, the ratio of the index finger length to the ring finger length (2D:4D) is opposite to that of the serum testosterone. Based on this two basic knowledge, the intrauterine hormonal effect that an individual has been exposed to at any age can be determined. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between 2D:4D finger length ratio, which is an indicator of intrauterine androgen exposure, and seborrheic dermatitis, in which androgens are accused in etiology. Materials and Methods: Our study was planned as a descriptive and cross-sectional study among patients who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic. Seborrheic dermatitis cases and age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic without seborrheic dermatitis were included in the study. Results: In the evaluation made separately for both sexes; while it was observed that both females and males with seborrheic dermatitis group had a lower 2D:4D finger length ratio compared to the control group, this was only significant in the left 2D:4D finger length ratio in males. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, there is no study in both sexes that evaluate the relationship between seborrheic dermatitis and 2D:4D finger length ratio in the literature. Our findings support the idea that intrauterine androgen exposure may be effective in the development of seborrheic dermatitis, and larger studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disease that appears with variable trigger factors. We know that obesity and other metabolic syndrome criteria are high in psoriasis patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between visceral fat markers, risk of cardiometabolic disease, and psoriasis area severity index (PASI) in individuals with and without psoriasis. METHODS: A total of 203 subjects, 102 psoriasis patients and 101 healthy individuals, were included in the study. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) index, visceral adiposity index (VAI), plasma atherogenicity index (PAI), body mass index (BMI), PASI, triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) values were measured. RESULTS: LAP index, VAI, PAI, BMI, and TG levels were significantly high (p<0.001) and HDL-c levels were significantly low (p=0.009) in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSION: LAP index, VAI, and PAI calculations can be recommended as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of cardiometabolic diseases common in patients with psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gardner and Diamond described a clinical picture of painful ecchymosis in the skin and mucous membranes in four female patients and called this entity Gardner-Diamond syndrome (GDS). At present, the exact pathogenesis of the disease is still unknown. In recent years, it has been advocated that antibodies against phosphatidylserine in erythrocyte stroma may cause immune complex and complement activation, leading to this clinical picture. Herein, we found it appropriate to present a case of multiple ecchymotic lesions diagnosed with GDS followed by many autoimmune diseases to draw attention to autoimmune association. As a result of this case presentation and mini-literature review, we think that autoimmunity patients should not be missed in GDS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the skin and the brain is based on their origin from the same ectodermal structure, as well as being affected by similar hormones and neurotransmitters. At this point, psychodermatology forms a common field of study based on the relationship and interaction between psychiatry and dermatology. Cosmetology is a special group within dermatology, and the psychosocial needs of this group differ. In this study, it was aimed to examine the moods such as anxiety, fear and depression experienced by the patients during their application to the cosmetology unit during the COVID‐19 pandemic process and to compare them with the control group. A total of 162 cases, 80 cases from the cosmetology unit meeting the specified conditions and 82 cases as the control group, were retrospectively evaluated. In all participants, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) scores decreased significantly compared to the beginning of the pandemic (P =.001). In the study, while depression (HAM‐D) and general anxiety (HAM‐A) were higher in the cosmetology group compared to the control group (P =.049 and P =.001, respectively), there was no difference in coronavirus anxiety scores (CAS) (P =.24). It should be known that patients who underwent cosmetological procedures during the pandemic period may have anxiety and depression. In this patient group, which requires a special psychodermatological approach, pandemic effects should also be considered. In patients who apply to cosmetology units during the pandemic period, attention should be paid to the relationship between surreal cosmetological process requests and their anxiety and depression state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease in adolescents known to be associated with oxidative stress. However, the number of studies in which oxidative stress and antioxidants are evaluated together is limited. Aims: In this study, we aimed to investigate L‐arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway metabolites, ischemia‐modified albumin (IMA), and vitamin A and E levels in patients with acne and its association with disease severity. Patients/Methods: Ninety patients with acne and 30 healthy adults were included in the study. The serum levels ofL‐arjinin, L‐arginine metabolites, IMA, and vitamins A and E measured in the patient and control groups. Results: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), LNG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine (L‐NMMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and IMA levels were significantly higher in the patients with acne than in the control group (P ˂.05). The L‐arginine/ADMA ratio and citrulline and vitamin A levels were significantly lower in patients with acne than those of the controls (P ˂.05). ADMA and IMA plasma levels were increased in parallel with the disease severity (P ˂.05). L‐arginine/ADMA ratio, L‐arginine, citrulline, and vitamin A plasma levels decreased as the disease became severe (P ˂.05). Although L‐arginine and vitamin E levels were lower in the patient group compared to the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P ˃.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that IMA and L‐arginine‐NO pathway associated with ischemia and oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of acne vulgaris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is triggered by unknown causes. We would like to explore the possible effect of hemogram parameters and several biochemical markers on CSU presence and also the severity of the disease. We also aimed to discuss the relationship between CSU and inflammation associated with these values. The study was planned prospectively. We selected patients already diagnosed with CSU who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic and healthy controls. The patients and the healthy controls were tested for complete blood count, neutrophil/lymphocytes ratio and platelets/lymphocytes ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein, serum albumin and total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin levels. Urticaria activity score over 7 days (UAS‐7) was calculated for the CSU patients. Forty patients with CSU and 55 healthy subjects were included in the study. Mean white blood cell (WBC) count is 8.37 ± 2.14 in the patients' group and 7.41 ± 2.01 in the healthy subjects group. Mean neutrophil (NEU) count is 4.88 ± 1.65 in the patients' group and 4.19 ± 1.39 in the healthy subjects group. Mean platelets (PLT) count is 308.48 ± 88.32 in the patients' group and 268.65 ± 64.80 in the healthy subjects group. We also detected positive correlations between UAS‐7 score‐WBC counts and UAS‐7 score‐NEU counts. Future studies are needed to investigate this possible relationship and confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disease‐related skin lesions have been reported in 8% to 20% of COVID‐19 patients. In the literature, cutaneous symptoms associated with the disease are generally emphasized. However, there are very few studies on the effect of this new SARS‐CoV‐2 virus entering our lives on dermatological diseases, and none of them have used the dermatological quality of life index (DLQI). In our study, we aimed to evaluate the difficulties faced by the patients who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic during the pandemic period and the course of their diseases with the dermatological quality of life index. The study was carried out prospectively by including dermatology patients who will apply to the outpatient clinic in June‐July 2020. 282 patients were evaluated in the study. DLQI was significantly lower in the group using regular emollients (P <.001). When DLQI was compared between disease groups, it was found to be significantly different (P:.017). DLQI was found to worsen significantly compared to prepandemic studies. It was found that using moisturizer in this period helps to maintain the dermatological quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The etiopathogenesis of psoriasis is not understood; however, psoriasis is affected by hormones, particularly the sex steroids. The second‐to‐fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio, which is an indicator of prenatal sex hormone balance, has been studied in various diseases that are affected by hormones. A total of 369 individuals comprising 172 patients with psoriasis and 197 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Patients with psoriasis were divided into type‐1 and type‐2, according to age of onset and family history. The 2D:4D ratio of both hands was recorded for all participants. Females in the psoriasis group had a lower 2D:4D ratio in both hands compared with those in the control group, with no significant difference. Males in the psoriasis group had a higher 2D:4D ratio for both hands compared with those in the control group (P =.009 and P <.001 for the right and left hands, respectively). Further, male patients with type‐1 psoriasis had a lower 2D:4D ratio compared to those with type‐2 psoriasis. Our results suggest that an alteration of the estrogen‐testosterone balance due to prenatal testosterone activity is an independent predisposing factor for psoriasis in males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behçet's disease is a disease characterized by chronic inflammatory vasculitis. In the clinical symptoms of Behçet's disease, many immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs are used. The suspicion that drugs used in chronic disease treatments such as Behçet's disease during pandemic will increase the risk of transmission of COVID‐19 disease, and that the disease may progress more lethally in these patients after the infection caused clinicians to worry. As far as we know, there is no study in the literature about the management of patients with Behçet's disease in the pandemic period. Fifty‐four patients with Behçet's disease who were admitted to the dermatology outpatient clinic between 11 March and July 14, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. In this pandemic period, 44 of 54 patients were recommended to continue their previous treatment. While the dose of medication used by 7 patients was reduced, it was decided to change the treatment of 3 patients. No life‐threatening activation was observed. None of the patients developed COVID‐19 disease. This article is important in terms of being the first study in the literature examining the treatment of patients with Behçet's disease during the COVID‐19. In this period, we know that the treatment practices in chronic diseases change frequently daily, and in this respect, we hope that our study will provide a perspective to other dermatology clinics in terms of the treatment of Behçet's disease during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that negatively affects the quality of life with remissions and relapses. Smoking, which is known to accelerate the development of comorbidities that can accompany psoriasis such as atherosclerotic heart disease, metabolic syndrome, is also an independent risk factor for psoriasis. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking and psoriasis. The study included a total of 476 participants with 276 psoriasis patients and 200 healthy volunteers. One hundred and thirty‐nine (69.5%) cases in the psoriasis group and 61 (30.5%) cases in the control group were smoking. Patients with psoriasis had more cigarette smoking than the control group (P <.001). Smoking was present in 100 cases (61%) of 164 cases with nail psoriasis and psoriatic nail was significantly more frequently observed in patients with psoriasis when smoking was present (P <.001). It was observed that systemic treatment requirements were higher in smoking psoriasis patients (P =.04). It is known that cigarette use increases in patients with psoriasis compared to the normal population, and cigarette use also increases the psoriasis area severity index (PASI). In our study, a significant relationship was found between smoking and psoriasis nail involvement first in the literature. Furthermore, the need for systemic treatment was higher in smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been reported that dermatology practices may be a vector for SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission and elective cases should be postponed during the pandemic period. In this context, studies on the change of patient profile in Dermatology outpatient clinic have been conducted. However, there was no study in the literature about dermatology consultations during the pandemic period. One hundred and forty‐seven dermatology consultation cases in the era of COVID‐19 pandemic between March 11, 2020 and May 4, 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty‐four patients (16.3%) had suspicion and signs of COVID during consultation (fever, cough, shortness of breath, etc.). Nine (37.5%) of these patients also had accompanying COVID‐19 skin lesions (two urticarial lesions, two livedo and necrosis, two maculopapular eruption, two vesicular rashes, one pseudo‐chilblain). The number of cases that were suspected to have COVID‐19 was statistically significantly higher in consultations requested by the emergency department and intensive care unit, while there were no suspected cases in outpatient clinic consultations (P =.001). Two (1.4%) of these patients were diagnosed with COVID‐19 confirmed by PCR within 2 weeks. We acknowledge that daily practice changes frequently during this period, but still our study provides a perspective to other dermatology clinics in terms of the requested dermatology consultations during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic inflammatory erythematous skin disease that can be triggered by several factors. Rosacea is another skin disease that causes facial redness and tenderness. Demodex mites have been reported in rosacea and DLE patients commonly in the literature. These two diseases can be seen concomitant, mimic each other clinically and share common possible etiologic factors. To assess demodex mite infestation in both clinical and histopathological findings in DLE patients. We retrospectively evaluated the files of 42 patients with DLE who had been diagnosed DLE based on clinical and histopathological findings between August 2018 and August 2019. Demodex positivity was detected 50% of patients (n = 21). Neutrophile percentages in the dermal and perivascular area were higher in the demodex positive patients (4.43%) than in the Demodex negative patients (2.19%). The intensity of demodex mites correlated positively with dermal neutrophile percentages. ANA was negative in 29 patients (69%) and positive in 13 patients (31%). Anti‐dsDNA was negative in serology and follicular plugging was positive in histopathology in all 42 patients (100%). This was a retrospective study. DLE and rosacea share common features in etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation. Inflammation and exacerbations caused by the demodex mites may increase the clinical severity of DLE. Although the position of demodex mites in DLE etiopathogenesis is not known exactly, the presence of high demodex in DLE patients has been determined. Standard skin surface biopsy can be a routine procedure for the evaluation of DLE patients in daily clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease can be triggered by many factors such as inflammatory process. To assess accompanying gallstone in CSU patients and to evaluate laboratory test results. We retrospectivelyscanned the files of the 108 patients with CSU who had been diagnosed CSU in September 2017–September 2019. Accompanied gallstone cases by detecting transabdominal ultrasound (TUS) or were 11 patients. Nine patients had also had cholecystectomy history. We seperated these 20 patients as Group A than the rest. WBC count is 9.38 ± 2.37 in Group A and 8.03 ± 2.04 in Group B. Platelet count was also differ between two groups significantly (Group A = 328.70 ± 85.62 × 103/mm3 vs. Group B = 287.12 ± 72.77 × 103/mm3). Neutrophil count was more in Group A (5.87 ± 1.65) than Group B (4.76 ± 1.75). Gallstone history of family was significantly higher in Group A (n = 12 positive/8 negative) than Group B. These findings were significant statistically p <.05. CSU can be associated with inflammation and gallstones. It is needed to perform further investigations to detect these relations and pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Dermatology / Turk Dermatoloji Dergisis is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkderm - Turkish Archives of Dermatology & Venereology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most widespread malignancy among all malignancies. It constitutes 65%-80% of nonmelanoma skin malignancies. Although there is no universally accepted classification for BCC, there are at least 26 different defined subtypes, which can all be very difficult to recognize. The best-known variants of BCC are nodular, superficial, morpheaform, and infiltrative types. In this report, we describe a patient who was referred for surgery with the diagnosis of cystic BCC by preoperative dermoscopy. Herein, we present a rare form of nodular cystic BCC due to its importance in improving the knowledge of dermoscopy and surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papular mucinosis (PM) (lichen myxoedematosus) is a unique, chronic idiopathic disease characterized by lichenoid papules or nodules due to dermal mucin deposition and a variable degree of fibrosis. PM is a quite rare disease of unknown etiology, with fewer than one hundred and fifty cases reported. In this paper, we present two cases of PM with no associated monoclonal gammopathy in two male patients aged 75 and 38 years, for its rare occurrence in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), also known as Ritter's Disease, is a severe disease seen mostly in newborns and children aged <5 years, and the mortality rate might reach to 4% despite an appropriate treatment. Exfoliative toxins cause intraepidermal separation in the stratum granulosum and lead to a condition that is characterized with widespread epidermolysis all over the body and bullae with positive Nikolsky's sign. SSSS might be fatal due to loss of skin barrier. Immediate initiation of an anti-staphylococcal drug therapy is required for the treatment of this toxin-dependent disease, which is one of the emergencies of dermatology practices. Case Report: A 1-year-old boy was referred to a dermatology clinic from pediatric emergency service with widespread epidermolysis all over the body, including erosion and bullous formation that had been appeared in the inguinal region. SSSS was suspected in this case, and skin biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis. He was hospitalized in the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Service, and treatment comprising intravenous administration of (i.v.) vancomycin (40 mg/kg/day) and 3 gIVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin) was initiated. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus, a rather rare agent of otitis media, is remarkable in terms of causing the complication of SSSS, which is very rare. In our case report, we aimed to remark to this rare condition (association of otitis media and SSSS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract: Background: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a new biomarker, is a soluble form of membrane‐bound receptors secreted from different immune cells. The aim of the present study is to determine plasma suPAR levels in Behçet's disease and their correlation with disease activity. Methods: Thirty Behçet's disease patients determined according to the International Study Group criteria for Behçet's disease diagnosis and 41 healthy subjects were included in the present study. Micro‐enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was employed to obtain quantitative data. Data of both groups were statistically analyzed. Results: The comparison of C‐reactive protein and suPAR plasma levels of the control and Behçet's disease group revealed statistically significant differences (respectively, P = 0.003 < 0.05 and P = 0.020 < 0.05). However, plasma suPAR levels related with disease activity revealed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study is the first study analyzing suPAR levels in Behçet's disease patients and their correlation with disease activity. However, further prospective studies with larger patient series using suPAR as a new plasma biomarker are required to diagnose and monitor Behcet's disease and to support the findings of the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]