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This research aims to describe the effectiveness of collaborative creativity learning models to train student's scientific creativity learning outcome for secondary student. This research was conducted using one group pre- and post-test design. The results showed (1) an improved indicator of achievement in motion material with average g-score = 0.66 (medium) and in simple machines material with average g-score = 0.72 (high); (2) 97.9% of students gave responses that collaborative creativity models enabled them to practice scientific creative skills. The research showed that collaborative creativity models were effective in improving scientific creativity skills.

Group Science Learning (GSL) is collaborative problem solving based learning by design to improve collaborative problem solving skills, science process skills, and self-confidence of primary schools teacher candidates. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of GSL model to improve collaborative problem solving skills and self-confidence of primary schools teacher candidates on basic science learning in academic year 2018. This research used one group pre-test and post-test design on 119 primary schools' teacher candidates that were divided into four groups. The data collection methods were conducted by using collaborative problem solving skills test that was emphasized on participation indicator, perspective taking, social regulation, learning and knowledge building, and task regulation; questionnaire of self-confidence was emphasized on: ability indicator, motivation, and perseverance. The data analysis was done by using Paired sample t-test and n-gain. The results showed that there was a significant increase in collaborative problem solving skills and self-confidence at [alpha]=5%, with post-test and n-gain score average in high category for all four groups. Thus, the GSL model is effective to enhance collaborative problem solving skills and self-confidence of primary schools' teacher candidates.

Using Collaborative Creativity Learning (CCL) model that is integrated with PhET simulation, this study aims to improve students' scientific creativity in natural science lesson. This research is an experimental study. The sample in this study is 144 junior high school students. The practicality and effectiveness of CCL model that is integrated with PhET simulation was measured by using practical learning observation sheet, scientific creativity test sheet, and student response questionnaire. The data was analysed using t-test, descriptively and qualitatively. The CCL model that is integrated with PhET simulation to improve students' scientific creativity has been proven to be: (1) Practical (applicable in learning and practical and reliable category) and (2) Effective includes--(a) a significant increase in students' scientific creativity at a = 5%, (b) the average n-gain of students' scientific creativity was medium, and (c) the student's response to each component of learning was very positive. The implication of this research is that the CCL model that is integrated with PhET simulation can be used as a solution to improve students' creativity in a natural science lesson.

In the 21st century, education places significant emphasis on developing scientific argumentation as a crucial skill. Teaching these skills requires an instructional design that allows students to construct and critique arguments actively, support claims with evidence and reasoning, and then reject opposing claims and evidence. Debate based on inquiry learning (DBOIL) is an innovative learning model that was developed and is believed to be able to facilitate these things. This research seeks to assess the influence of implementing DBOIL on enhancing students' skills in scientific argumentation. This research employed a one-group pretest-posttest design, with normalized change analysis and paired t-test. Research findings indicate that the implementation of DBOIL has demonstrably improved scientific argumentation skills, with a notable 76.67% of students exhibiting improvement in the high category. Other findings show that each phase of DBOIL significantly contributes to increasing the achievement of indicators of scientific argumentation. To maintain the reliability of DBOIL in enhancing students' skills in scientific argumentation, conducting future research on a broader scale is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observation results on the south coast of Jember show that there are differences in the characteristics of groundwater in several residents' dug wells, namely some are fresh and brackish. Based on the findings of these problems, the aim of this research is to analyze and map soil quality based on quality standards with geological observations on the south coast of Jember. This research uses quantitative methods through surveys to determine the quality of groundwater used for drinking water in the Jember South Coastal Area with the parameters tested including TDS, odor, taste, pH, sulfate, chloride and hardness. The results of groundwater quality on the southern coast of Jember Regency show that based on the test results of physical parameters and chemical parameters, most of the air samples are of drinking quality. The results of groundwater quality mapping with geological observations based on the Jember geological map sheet show that 47 km2 (17,8%) of non-drinkable areas are located on alluvial plains interspersed with puger formations in the form of limestone which has high porosity and permeability and 227 km2 (82,2%) the potable area is located in geological interbeds of sandstone and clay with low porosity and permeability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of the bank in applying the precautionary principle contributes to ensuring a sound banking system and protecting the country's economy. In lending, the precautionary principle was manifested in a standard agreement between the bank as the creditor and the customer as the debtor. Credit agreements can lead to disputes, where the debtor sues the bank for violating the principle of consumer protection because it applies standard clauses in the credit agreement. The research method used is legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach). The results state that the application of the precautionary principle in making standard agreements manifests itself in the prohibition of financial service business actors including exoneration clauses to the detriment of financial service consumers as stipulated in Article 18 paragraph (1) of the Consumer Protection Act and OJK Regulation No. 6/POJK.07/Tahun 2022 concerning Consumer and Community Protection in the Financial Services Sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines seawater intrusion in the southern part of Kebumen District, focusing on the impact of various geological formations on groundwater salinity. Groundwater samples were systematically collected from 11 locations representing alluvial, volcanic, coastal sediment, and karst geological conditions. The samples were analyzed for major ions, including calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-), as well as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Ion ratios such as Mg2+/Ca2+, Cl-/HCO3-, and Mg2+/(Mg2++Ca2+), along with the Fraction of Seawater (fsea), were calculated to assess the extent of seawater intrusion. The study employed the Gibbs diagram method to identify the primary processes controlling groundwater chemistry, revealing that water-rock interactions are dominant in most samples, particularly in those affected by seawater intrusion. The results indicate significant seawater intrusion in alluvial and karst regions, especially at sampling points TP 2, TP 4, and TP 10, while volcanic and coastal sediment areas show minimal intrusion. These findings underscore the critical influence of geological conditions on seawater intrusion and highlight the need for targeted groundwater management strategies. Further research focusing on long-term monitoring is recommended to better understand and mitigate the impacts of seawater intrusion in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal areas are vulnerable to seawater intrusion. This research focused on the south coast of Jember Regency to analyze the distribution of salinity levels and suitability for agricultural irrigation. The research was a quantitative research, field survey method to analyze salinity level using parameter EC (Electrical Conductivity), and irrigation suitability using parameter (TDS, SAR, & %Na). Analyze the distribution of irrigation suitability samples using Wilcox and USSL diagrams, and visualized in maps using IDW interpolation. Salinity level is dominated by medium class with a total of 47 samples, and interpolation results are dominated by medium class with an area of 15,648 ha. Irrigation suitability based on the Wilcox diagram shows the dominance of samples in the good class totaling 7 samples, with interpolated %Na dominated by the excellent class with an area of 14,122 ha. Analysis of irrigation suitability based on USSL diagram is dominated by medium class (C3-S1) with a total of 7 samples, and SAR interpolation results are dominated by excellent class with an area of 26,209 ha. Analysis of irrigation suitability based on TDS parameters is dominated by the class none risk with a total of 57 samples, with interpolation results dominated by the class none risk with an area of 25,663 ha. Mapping provides an overview of salinity and irrigation suitability in the study area. These findings can be the basis for more efficient water management in coastal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seawater intrusion often occurs in shoreline areas closest to alluvium rock lithology and is caused by excessive groundwater exploration. In Pesanggaran Banyuwangi, saline groundwater was found at approximately 8000 m from the shoreline. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the spatial distribution of seawater intrusion based on rock lithology, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in Pesanggaran, Banyuwangi. A descriptive-quantitative survey method was used to assess groundwater quality based on EC, TDS, and spatial distribution parameters. Interpolation with Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method was used to map seawater intrusion and its relationship to each parameter. The results showed that moderate-saline groundwater was found in several areas far from the coast with volcanic rock lithology, namely Kalibaru formations (Qpvk) and limestone lithology at Batuampar formation. Groundwater in shoreline areas (Alluvium) was dominated by freshwater due to the deposition process found in alluvium lithology, which could form an aquifer with high quantity. Saline groundwater in Batuampar and Kalibaru formations showed salt minerals flushing related to shallow marine deposition since the tertiary period. In conclusion, Pesanggaran Subdistrict had uneven spatial distribution, and no significant relationship with distance from the shoreline, but it was related to the deformation process for each lithology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rendeu (Staurogyne elongata (Neese) Kuntze) is a native Indonesian plant used as food and traditional medicine in the daily life of the people residing around Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park. Due to the potential source of herbalbased medicines and traditional food in the long-run purposes, the proper method of its propagation is required so that Rendeu can be conserved and utilised sustainably. This study employed two research designs. First, a completely randomized design with pruning and IAA (indole-3 acetic acid) treatment was used for seedling growth. Second, plant propagation applied a factorial randomized block design: planting media types and plant growth regulator (PGR) (rootone F) treatment. Observation included the number of buds, number of leaves, number of flowers, plant biomass, root length, and relative chlorophyll content using the SPAD tool. The data were analysed using ANOVA (SPSS ver. 17.0), followed by Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that applying IAA and leaf pruning could increase the number of buds, the number of leaves and the fresh weight of S. elongata plants compared to the control plant. The addition of rootone increased the growth of Rendeu shoot cuttings, shown in all growth parameters and chlorophyll content. Humus was the best media for Rendeu's growth among all planting medium. Planting media affected the increase in the number of leaves and the number of buds of S. elongata significantly. The interaction of planting media and PGR somewhat influenced root length and total leaf chlorophyll. The growth and production of S. elongata increased with the time of planting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of modern business in the digital era in the services of non-bank financial institutions, which provides convenience and acceleration in services to consumers of financial services is Financial Technology. Peer-to-peer lending is a fintech product that provides loans to debtors at high interest rates. The maximum loan interest rate set by the Indonesian Joint Funding Fintech Association (AFPI) is 0.8% per day. This determination is very burdensome for the debtor as a consumer of financial services, so there needs to be protection and regulation by the authorized institution. This normative legal research aims to determine the role of the Financial Services Authority in determining the Financial Technology Loan Interest Rate as the Protection of Financial Services Consumers. The results of this study, that the role of the Financial Services Authority as an institution that has the authority to regulate and supervise bank and non-bank financial institutions, has issued Financial Services Authority Regulation no. 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services. In the POJK, OJK does not set loan interest rates. Peer-to-peer fintech lending providers are encouraged to offer reasonable interest rates and are still within a reasonable range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flood is one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters which leads in economic losses. The first step in flood disaster mitigation efforts is mapping vulnerable areas. Kencong District frequently affected by the annual flooding event. This study aims to assess flood hazard mapping by integrating the AHP method and Geographic Information System. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach through the correlation matrix of the AHP model for each physical environmental factor. These factors include slope, altitude, distance from the river, soil type, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and Curvature. Furthermore, with the Geographic Information System (GIS), the weighted overlay stage was carried out to obtain the results of flood-prone areas. Based on the AHP analysis, the most significant factors in determining flood-prone areas were the distance from rivers, slopes, and TWI. The results of flood-prone areas mapping were divided into five classes: from deficient 0.02%, low 4.26%, medium 37.11%, high 51.89%, and very high 6.72%. Validation of GIS mapping results with data in the field has an AUC value of 84%, which indicates that the prediction of the AHP-GIS model is perfect in flood-prone areas mapping in the Kencong District. The integration of AHP method and Geographic Information System in flood hazard assessment were able to produce a model to evaluate the spatial distribution of flood-prone areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medicinal plants research in Asia continues to receive significant national and international attention, particularly concerning its multiple roles in poverty alleviation and health care support. However, scientific information on the institutional arrangements, the potentials of different medicinal plants production systems, and the utilization methods, remain highly fragmented. This incomprehensive information base shades the development of a comprehensive research agenda to improve the current body of knowledge, at least in the context of Asia. To address this impasse and propose future research perspectives, we systematically reviewed 247 journal articles, 15 institutional reports, and 28 book chapters. From the reviews, five key lessons are drawn: (i) Asian medicinal plant production systems demonstrate some dynamics, characterized by a gradual but continuous shift from wild gathering to cultivation, (ii) sub-regional variations exist with regards to the appreciation of medicinal plants potentials for traditional healing, modern healthcare, and livelihoods support, (iii) knowledge on the effect of multi-scale institutional arrangements (formal and informal) on medicinal plant management practices is fragmented, (iv) very few studies dwell on the challenges of medicinal plants commercialization, particularly with regards to the role of middlemen, boom–bust cycle, raw material readiness, and product quality, and (v) law enforcement, benefit and knowledge sharing, and research and development should be prioritized to serve the interest of medicinal plants production actors. To further extend the body of knowledge on medicinal plants in Asia, we advance the need for empirical investigations on the performance of medicinal plants production systems and their contribution to livelihoods in diverse institutional contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]