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5. Low daily water intake profile—is it a contributor to disease?

Author

Armstrong, Lawrence E, Bergeron, Michael F, Muñoz, Colleen X, and Kavouras, Stavros A

Abstract

Few previous review articles have focused on the associations between inadequate daily water intake (LOW) or urinary biomarkers of dehydration (UD; low urine volume or high urine osmolality) and multiple diseases. Accordingly, we conducted manual online searches (47 key words) of the PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases with these inclusion criteria: English language, full-text, peer reviewed, no restriction on research design, and three publications minimum. Initially, 3,903 articles were identified based on their titles and abstracts. Evaluations of full length.pdf versions identified 96 studies that were acceptable for inclusion. We concluded that the evidence is insufficient or conflicting for seven disorders or diseases (i.e. suggesting the need for additional clarifying research) and it is lacking for all-cause mortality. Differential characterizations among women and men have been reported in the results of nine studies involving five diseases. Finally, the evidence for associations of LOW or UD is strong for both kidney stones and type 2 diabetes with hyperglycemia. This suggests that great public health value (i.e. reduced disease risk) may result from increased daily water intake—a simple and cost-effective dietary modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Hyperthermia and Exertional Heatstroke During Running, Cycling, Open Water Swimming, and Triathlon Events.

Author

Armstrong, Lawrence E, Johnson, Evan C, Adams, William M, and Jardine, John F

Abstract

Abstracts, and subsequent reviews of full-length pdf versions identified 80 articles that were acceptable for inclusion. These articles indicated that event medical teams recognized hyperthermia and EHS in the majority of running and triathlon field studies (range, 58.8 to 85.7%), whereas few reports of hyperthermia and EHS appeared in cycling and open water swimming field studies (range, 0 to 20%). Sports medicine position statements and consensus reports also exhibited these event-specific differences. Thus, we proposed mechanisms that involved physiological effector responses (sweating, increased skin blood flow) and biophysical heat transfer to the environment (evaporation, convection, radiation, and conduction). We anticipate that the above information will help race directors to distribute pre-race safety advice to athletes and will assist medical directors to better allocate medical resources (eg, staff number and skill sets, medical equipment) and optimize the management of hyperthermia and EHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Hydration for health hypothesis: a narrative review of supporting evidence

Author

Perrier, Erica T., Armstrong, Lawrence E., Bottin, Jeanne H., Clark, William F., Dolci, Alberto, Guelinckx, Isabelle, Iroz, Alison, Kavouras, Stavros A., Lang, Florian, Lieberman, Harris R., Melander, Olle, Morin, Clementine, Seksek, Isabelle, Stookey, Jodi D., Tack, Ivan, Vanhaecke, Tiphaine, Vecchio, Mariacristina, and Péronnet, François

Published
2021
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15. Top 10 Research Questions Related to Preventing Sudden Death in Sport and Physical Activity

Author

Katch, Rachel K., Scarneo, Samantha E., Adams, William M., Armstrong, Lawrence E., Belval, Luke N., Stamm, Julie M., and Casa, Douglas J.

Abstract

Participation in organized sport and recreational activities presents an innate risk for serious morbidity and mortality. Although death during sport or physical activity has many causes, advancements in sports medicine and evidence-based standards of care have allowed clinicians to prevent, recognize, and treat potentially fatal injuries more effectively. With the continual progress of research and technology, current standards of care are evolving to enhance patient outcomes. In this article, we provided 10 key questions related to the leading causes and treatment of sudden death in sport and physical activity, where future research will support safer participation for athletes and recreational enthusiasts. The current evidence indicates that most deaths can be avoided when proper strategies are in place to prevent occurrence or provide optimal care.

Published
2017
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23. Impact of Nutrient Intake During Exercise on Hydration Markers Following Exercise and Rehydration: 2056 Board #212 May 30 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM

Author

Munoz, Colleen X., Johnson, Evan C., Kunces, Laura J., McKenzie, Amy L., Wininger, Michael, Butts, Cory, Caldwell, Aaron, Seal, Adam, McDermott, Brendon P., Vingren, Jakob L., Boyette, James, Melford, Colin, Colburn, Abigail, Wright, Skylar, Dadzie, Ekow, Lopez, Virgilio, Armstrong, Lawrence E., and Lee, Elaine C.

Published
2019
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29. Hydration Biomarker and Plasma Copeptin Variability in Response to Partial Rehydration After Exercise-Induced Dehydration: 1418 Board #226 May 31 8: 00 AM - 9: 30 AM

Author

Munoz, Colleen X., Johnson, Evan C., Kunces, Laura J., McKenzie, Amy L., Butts, Corey, Caldwell, Aaron, Seal, Adam, McDermott, Brendon P., Vingren, Jakob L., Boyette, James, Melford, Colin, Colburn, Abigail, Wright, Skylar, Dadzie, Ekow, Lopez, Virgilio, Armstrong, Lawrence E., and Lee, Elaine C.

Published
2018
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43. Effect of Overhydration on Time-Trial Swim Performance.

Author

Maresh, Carl M., Bergeron, Michael E., Kenefick, Robert W., Castellani, John W., Hoffman, Jay R., and Armstrong, Lawrence E.

Abstract

Examined whether moderate overhydration would enhance the performance of otherwise euhydrated collegiate swimmers during two 183-meter time-trial swims held 3 days apart. Participants swam in alternate, randomized euhydrated, and overhydrated states. Results indicated that euhydration before an intense, short-duration swim was adequate for peak performance, and overhydration provided no performance advantage. (SM)

Published
2001

44. National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for Athletes.

Author

Case, Douglas J., Armstrong, Lawrence E., Hillman, Susan K., Montain, Scott J., Reiff, Ralph V., Rich, Brent S. E., Roberts, William O., and Stone, Jennifer A.

Abstract

Presents recommendations from the National Athletic Trainers Association for optimizing the fluid replacement practices of athletes, explaining that dehydration can compromise athletic performance and increase the risk of exertional heat injury. Athletes must be educated about the risks of dehydration and overhydration. They must learn fluid replacement practices that optimize hydration status before, during, and after competition. (SM)

Published
2000

48. ACSM Expert Consensus Statement on Exertional Heat Illness: Recognition, Management, and Return to Activity.

Author

Roberts, William O., Armstrong, Lawrence E., Sawka, Michael N., Yeargin, Susan W., Heled, Yuval, and O'Connor, Francis G.

Subjects
HEAT stroke, MEDICAL personnel, BODY temperature, HEAT exhaustion, CARDIAC arrest
Abstract

Exertional heat stroke is a true medical emergency with potential for organ injury and death. This consensus statement emphasizes that optimal exertional heat illness management is promoted by a synchronized chain of survival that promotes rapid recognition and management, as well as communication between care teams. Health care providers should be confident in the definitions, etiologies, and nuances of exertional heat exhaustion, exertional heat injury, and exertional heat stroke. Identifying the athlete with suspected exertional heat stroke early in the course, stopping activity (body heat generation), and providing rapid total body cooling are essential for survival, and like any critical life-threatening situation (cardiac arrest, brain stroke, sepsis), time is tissue. Recovery from exertional heat stroke is variable and outcomes are likely related to the duration of severe hyperthermia. Most exertional heat illnesses can be prevented with the recognition and modification of well-described risk factors ideally addressed through leadership, policy, and on-site health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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