47 results on '"Arhab, Amar"'
Search Results
2. Stability and Prediction of Motor Performance and Cognitive Functioning in Preschoolers: A Latent Variable Approach
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Zysset, Annina E., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J., Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, and Jenni, Oskar G.
- Abstract
At preschool age, motor skills and cognitive functions are regularly examined at well-child visits. Although reliable screening depends on the stability of the assessed developmental domains, little is known about the stability of motor and cognitive performance in preschool children. The aim of the present study was to investigate how stable motor skills and cognitive functioning are in the preschool years and whether they can predict their own and respective outcome 1 year later. 509 children were examined (46.4% female; M = 3.9 years; SD = 0.6; range 3.0-6.0 years) from the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY) at baseline and 1 year later. A Latent Variable Cross-lagged Panel Model revealed that both motor skills and cognitive functioning are highly stable in the preschool age (0.65/0.67). Cross-lagged coefficients were smaller (0.37/0.22). However, as the cross-lagged paths did not differ significantly from each other, no reliable conclusions for the prediction of motor skills and cognitive functions may be drawn. We conclude that cognitive functioning and motor skills are highly stable already in the preschool years. Although small cross-lagged predictive values were found, motor skills and cognitive functions may not to be reliable predictors of their respective outcomes. Future studies should test cross-lagged predictive effects in clinical samples, where the effects might be larger.
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- 2020
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3. Association between maternal and fetal inflammatory biomarkers and offspring weight and BMI during the first year of life in pregnancies with GDM: MySweetheart study.
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Antoniou, Maria-Christina, Quansah, Dan Yedu, Gilbert, Leah, Arhab, Amar, Schenk, Sybille, Lacroix, Alain, Stuijfzand, Bobby, Horsch, Antje, and Puder, Jardena Jacqueline
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SMALL for gestational age ,PREGNANCY ,MATERNAL age ,GESTATIONAL diabetes ,BIOMARKERS ,GESTATIONAL age - Abstract
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is frequently associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation. Whether this environment affects offspring anthropometry during early childhood remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between maternal and fetal (cord blood-umbilical artery) inflammatory biomarkers and offspring weight and BMI up to 1 year in pregnancies with GDM. Methods: In this prospective secondary analysis of the MySweetheart study, we included 193 women with GDM and their offspring. Maternal and fetal (N=39) predictors included serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers including CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α at 24-32 weeks of gestational age (GA) and in the cord blood. Offspring outcomes were small and large for gestational age (SGA, LGA), sex- and age-adjusted weight, and BMI at birth and at 1 year. Univariate and multivariate regression models were performed. Associations were adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, age, and ethnicity. Results: Mean maternal age was 33.6 ± 4.8 years, and pre-pregnancy BMI 25.9 ± 5.6 kg/m². Their mean gestational age at the 1
st GDM visit was 29 ± 2.4 weeks. Gestational age at delivery was 39.7 ± 1.1 weeks, with a mean birthweight of 3.4 ± 0.46 kg; 11.8% of offspring were LGA and 10.8% were SGA. At 1 year of age, mean offspring weight was 9.8 ± 1.2 kg and BMI z-score 0.23 ± 1.1 kg/m². In the models including only maternal predictors, TNF-α at 24-32 weeks of GA was positively associated with SGA and inversely with offspring weight and BMI at birth and at 1 year (p ≤0.034). In the models including only fetal predictors and the combined model, CRP was inversely associated with BMI at 1 year (p ≤0.020). Conclusions: In women with GDM, maternal and fetal inflammatory biomarkers distinctively influenced offspring anthropometry during the first year of life, independent of maternal age, prepregnancy BMI and ethnicity. These results suggest that low-grade inflammation during pregnancy may affect the developing offspring by leading to a decrease in weight and BMI and may have implications for future personalized follow-up of women with GDM and their offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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4. Child eating behavior predicts body mass index after 1 year: results from the Swiss Preschooler’s Health Study (SPLASHY).
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Mihov, Yoan, Meyer, Andrea H., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, and Munsch, Simone
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PRESCHOOL children ,FOOD habits ,CHILD behavior ,BODY mass index ,DAY care centers ,CHILDHOOD obesity ,HEALTH behavior ,COMPULSIVE eating - Abstract
Child obesity is a growing global issue. Preventing early development of overweight and obesity requires identifying reliable risk factors for high body mass index (BMI) in children. Child eating behavior might be an important and malleable risk factor that can be reliably assessed with the parent-report Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Using a hierarchical dataset (children nested within child care centers) from a representative cohort of Swiss preschool children, we tested whether eating behavior, assessed with a 7-factor solution of the CEBQ, and BMI at baseline predicted the outcome BMI after 1 year, controlling for socioeconomic status (n = 555; 47% female; mean age = 3.9 years, range: 2.2–6.6; mean BMI = 16 kg/m², range: 11.2–23; mean age- and sex-corrected z-transformed BMI, zBMI = 0.4, range −4 to +4.7). The statistical model explained 65.2% of zBMI at follow-up. Baseline zBMI was a strong positive predictor, uniquely explaining 48.8% of outcome variance. A linear combination of all CEBQ scales, taken together, explained 10.7% of outcome variance. Due to their intercorrelations, uniquely explained variance by any individual scale was of negligible clinical relevance. Only food responsiveness was a significant predictor, when accounting for all other predictors and covariates in the model, and uniquely explained only 0.4% of outcome variance. Altogether, our results confirm, extend, and refine previous research on eating behavior and zBMI in preschool children, by adjusting for covariates, accounting for intercorrelations between predictors, partitioning explained outcome variance, and providing standardized beta estimates. Our findings show the importance of carefully examining the contribution of predictors in multiple regression models for clinically relevant outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Predictors and consequences of weight retention in the early and late postpartum period in women with gestational diabetes
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Quansah, Dan Yedu, Gross, Justine, Gilbert, Leah, Arhab, Amar, Horsch, Antje, and Puder, Jardena J.
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- 2020
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6. Cardiac vagal tone in preschool children: Interrelations and the role of stress exposure
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Thayer, Julian F., Groene, Mareike, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., and Munsch, Simone
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- 2020
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7. Walking onset: a poor predictor for motor and cognitive skills in healthy preschool children
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Meyer, Andrea H., Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Kriemler, Susi, Puder, Jardena J., Munsch, Simone, and Jenni, Oskar G.
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- 2021
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8. Emotional eating is related with temperament but not with stress biomarkers in preschool children
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Stülb, Kerstin, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Ehlert, Ulrike, Garcia-Burgos, David, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., and Munsch, Simone
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- 2018
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9. Prevalence and Predictors of Behavioral Problems in Healthy Swiss Preschool Children Over a One Year Period
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Stülb, Kerstin, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., and Munsch, Simone
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- 2019
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10. Age-Adapted Stress Task in Preschoolers Does not Lead to Uniform Stress Responses
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Stülb, Kerstin, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Garcia-Burgos, David, Ehlert, Ulrike, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., and Munsch, Simone
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- 2019
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11. Association of physical activity with adiposity in preschoolers using different clinical adiposity measures: a cross-sectional study
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Arhab, Amar, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Stülb, Kerstin, Zysset, Annina, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Munsch, Simone, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., and Puder, Jardena J.
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- 2019
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12. Eating behaviour in Swiss preschool children–Validation of a German and a French version of the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ).
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Leuba, Anaëlle L., Meyer, Andrea H., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., Munsch, Simone, and Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine
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FOOD habits ,FRENCH people ,CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,AGE differences ,PRESCHOOL children ,FACTOR structure - Abstract
Young children's eating behavior is crucial for any further development of healthy eating. Early eating behavior are often assessed through parental report. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a widely used parental questionnaire that has been validated in families of different gender, age and cultural background. Research has shown that the 8-factor structure has some inconsistencies and sample characteristics such as age, gender, and culture can influence the results. To which extent such sample characteristics might influence results within a multi-lingual culture has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the factor structure of the CEBQ among 511 preschool children of the French and German parts of Switzerland, aged 2 to 6 years (Mean 3.85 years; SD 0.69). Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed a modified structure of the original questionnaire, with a 7-factor structure providing a reasonable fit to the data (TLI = 0.954, CFI = 0.952, RMSEA = 0.063 and SRMR = 0.067). The subscale 'Desire to drink' was removed, and a few items moved to other subscales as they loaded higher on a different subscale compared to the original model. Reliabilities based on the coefficient omega were acceptable to satisfying across the seven factors, ranging from 0.66 to 0.90. There were no significant gender or age differences, but French speaking children showed higher levels of 'Satiety responsiveness' and lower 'Enjoyment of food' than German speaking children. Yet, these effects were small. The German and French CEBQ are valid and reliable versions of the original CEBQ and can be used in a multicultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. C-reactive protein during pregnancy and in the early postpartum predicts adverse metabolic health outcomes at 1 year postpartum in women with gestational diabetes.
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Quansah, Dan Yedu, Horsch, Antje, Gilbert, Leah, Donath, Marc Y., Puder, Jardena J., Arhab, Amar, Bovet, Pascal, Chiolero, Arnaud, Di Bernardo, Stefano, Epure, Adina Mihaela, Younes, Sandrine Estoppey, Gross, Justine, Lanzi, Stefano, Mayerat, Seyda, Mivelaz, Yvan, Rossel, Jean-Benoit, Sekarski, Nicole, Simeoni, Umberto, Stuijfzand, Bobby, and Via., Yvan
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PREGNANCY proteins ,GESTATIONAL diabetes ,C-reactive protein ,PUERPERIUM ,PERINATAL period ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,PUERPERAL disorders - Abstract
Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have higher insulin resistance and/or reduced secretion, an increased risk of future diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which may be due to a pathological activation of the innate immune system. C-reactive protein (CRP) is induced by inflammatory cytokines and reflects innate immune activity. We investigated the prospective associations between CRP during the perinatal period with adverse metabolic outcomes at 1 year postpartum in women with previous GDM. Methods: We analyzed data from the MySweetheart trial that included 211 women with GDM at 28–32 weeks gestational age (GA). CRP was measured during pregnancy at 28-32 weeks GA, at 6–8 weeks and at 1 year postpartum. Metabolic outcomes at 1 year postpartum included weight, total and central body fat, measures of insulin resistance and secretion and presence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed to measure glucose and insulin values every 30 min over 2 h to calculate indices of insulin resistance (MATSUDA, HOMA-IR) and of absolute (AUC
ins/glu , HOMA-B) and insulin resistance-adjusted insulin secretion (ISSI-2). Results: CRP during pregnancy and at 6–8 weeks postpartum predicted increased weight, body fat and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), insulin resistance (higher HOMA-IR, lower MATSUDA), absolute insulin secretion (HOMA-B, AUCins/glu ), a reduced adjusted insulin secretion (ISSI-2) and a higher prevalence of the MetS at 1 year postpartum (all p ≤ 0.036). These relationships particularly those concerning CRP during pregnancy, were independent of weight (for VAT, insulin resistance and secretion indices, MetS; all p ≤ 0.032) and of body fat (for VAT, MATSUDA, MetS; all p ≤ 0.038). Conclusion: CRP during pregnancy and in the early postpartum predicted an adverse cardio-metabolic profile in women with prior GDM at 1 year postpartum independent of weight. The prospective association of CRP with increased insulin resistance and reduced adjusted insulin secretion hint to the role of inflammation in the development of impaired metabolism after GDM and could be used as an early marker for risk stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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14. Datamama, bringing pregnancy research into the future: design, development, and evaluation of a citizen science pregnancy mobile application
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Gerbier, Eva, Vial, Yvan, Puder, Jardena, Le Dizès, Olivier, Andrey, Magali, Arhab, Amar, Horsch, Antje, Avignon, Valérie, Fort, Déborah, Deforges, Camille, Fischer Fumeaux, Céline J., Henriot, Isabelle, Pereira Goncalves, Diana Pinto, Pomar, Léo, Favre, Guillaume, Damnon, Françoise, Legardeur, Hélène, Mayor, Gaëlle, Ceulemans, Michael, Budry, Nohan, Page, Didier, Eisenberger, Juergen, Liechti, Olivier, Baud, David, and Panchaud, Alice
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360 Social problems & social services ,610 Medicine & health - Abstract
Background: Pregnancy mobile applications (apps) have grown in popularity over the past decade, with some being used to promote study recruitment or health behaviors. However, no app serves as an all-in-one solution for collecting general data for research purposes and providing women with useful and desirable features.Aim: To create and develop a Swiss pregnancy mobile app as an innovative means to collect research data and provide users with reliable information.Methods: Determining the key features of the app involved a review of the literature and assessment of popular apps in the Swiss AppStore. A team of engineers developed the app, which includes a pregnancy timeline, questionnaires for data collection, medical and psychological articles and a checklist with appointment reminders. The content was written and reviewed by healthcare providers considered experts in the topics adressed. The questionnaires are distributed based on the user’s gestational age, by a chatbot. The project was authorized by the ethics commission in the canton of Vaud. An online survey of ten questions, advertised on Datamama’s home screen, was conducted to assess the users’ use of the app (27.11- 19.12.2022).Results: A review of 84 articles and 25 popular apps showed the need for a comprehensive pregnancy app. The development of Datamama took 2 years and included the creation of 70 medical and psychological articles and 29 questionnaires covering 300 unique variables. Six months after the launch, there were 800 users with a 73% average participation rate in the questionnaires. Sixty-five women completed the survey, with 70.8% using the app once to multiple times per week. The primary reason for using the app was to help research by answering the questionnaires, followed by access to reliable medical information. The reason most frequently ranked first for using the app was to help research by answering the questionnaires (42/65, 67% of women rated it first), followed by access to reliable medical information (34/65, 54% women rated it second). Women rated the information as clear, understandable, and interesting with a trust rating in data handling at 98.5%. The average grade for recommending the app was 8/10, with suggestions for increasing the amount of medical content and tailoring it based on gestational age.Conclusion: Datamama is the first pregnancy app to address the needs of both patients and researchers. Initial feedback from users was positive, highlighting future challenges for success. Future work will consist in improving the app, validating the data and use it to answer specific pregnancy-related research questions.
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- 2023
15. The validity of parental reports on motor skills performance level in preschool children: a comparison with a standardized motor test
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Zysset, Annina E., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Ferrazzini, Valentina, Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, Puder, Jardena J., and Jenni, Oskar G.
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- 2018
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16. Effectiveness of a real-life program (DIAfit) to promote physical activity in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial.
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Arhab, Amar, Junod, Nicolas, Rossel, Jean-Benoit, Giet, Olivier, Sittarame, Frederic, Beer, Sandra, Sofra, Daniela, Durrer, Dominique, Delgado, Humberto, Castellsague, Montserrat, Laimer, Markus, and Puder, Jardena J.
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PHYSICAL fitness ,AEROBIC exercises ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,CLUSTER randomized controlled trials ,PHYSICAL activity ,BODY composition ,LEAN body mass - Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a real-life clinical physical activity program (DIAfit) on improving physical fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic health in an unselected population with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to compare the effects of two variants a different exercise frequencies on the same outcomes. Research design and methods: This was a cluster randomized-controlled assessor-blind trial conducted in 11 clinical centres in Switzerland. All participants in the clinical program with type 2 diabetes were eligible and were randomized to either standard (3 sessions/week for 12 weeks) or alternative (1 session/week for the first four weeks, then 2 sessions/week for the rest of 16 weeks) physical activity program each consisting of 36 sessions of combined aerobic and resistance exercise. Allocation was concealed by a central office unrelated to the study. The primary outcome was aerobic fitness. Secondary outcome measures included: body composition, BMI, HbA1c, muscle strength, walking speed, balance, flexibility, blood pressure, lipid profile. Results: All 185 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 59.7 +-10.2 years, 48% women) agreed to participate and were randomized in two groups: a standard group (n=88) and an alternative group (n=97)). There was an 11% increase in aerobic fitness after the program (12.5 Watts; 95% CI 6.76 to 18.25; p<0.001). Significant improvements in physical fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic parameters were observed at the end of the DIAfit program (improvements between 2-29%) except for lean body mass, triglycerides and cholesterol. No differences were observed between both programs, except for a larger weight reduction of -0.97kg (95% CI -0.04 to -1.91; p=0.04) in the standard program. Conclusions: Both frequency variants of the nation-wide DIAfit program had beneficial effects on physical fitness, HbA1c, body composition, and blood pressure in type 2 diabetes patients and differences were negligible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Consequences of gestational diabetes mellitus on neonatal cardiovascular health: MySweetHeart Cohort study.
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Di Bernardo, Stefano C., Lava, Sebastiano A. G., Epure, Adina Mihaela, Younes, Sandrine Estoppey, Chiolero, Arnaud, Sekarski, Nicole, on behalf of MySweetHeart Research Group, Arhab, Amar, Bovet, Pascal, Di Bernardo, Stefano, Gilbert, Leah, Gross, Justine, Horsch, Antje, Lanzi, Stefano, Mayerat, Seyda, Mivelaz, Yvan, Puder, Jardena J., Quansah, Dan, Rossel, Jean‐Benoit, and Simeoni, Umberto
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- 2023
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18. The relationship of parenting style and eating behavior in preschool children
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Leuba, Anaëlle L, Meyer, Andrea H, Kakebeeke, Tanja H, Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S, Schmutz, Einat A, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G, Puder, Jardena J, Munsch, Simone, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, University of Zurich, and Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine
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10036 Medical Clinic ,610 Medicine & health ,3200 General Psychology ,10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI) ,General Medicine ,General Psychology - Published
- 2022
19. Contralateral Associated Movements Correlate with Poorer Inhibitory Control, Attention and Visual Perception in Preschool Children
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Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Zysset, Annina E., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J., Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, and Jenni, Oskar G.
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- 2017
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20. Effect of the MySweetheart randomized controlled trial on birth, anthropometric and psychobehavioral outcomes in offspring of women with GDM.
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Gilbert, Leah, Quansah, Dan Yedu, Arhab, Amar, Schenk, Sybille, Gross, Justine, Lanzi, Stefano, Stuijfzand, Bobby, Lacroix, Alain, Horsch, Antje, and Puder, Jardena J.
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MATERNAL age ,GESTATIONAL diabetes ,MOTHER-infant relationship ,PHYSICAL activity ,BEVERAGE consumption - Abstract
Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may negatively affect offspring outcomes. A lifestyle intervention may therefore not only improve maternal, but also offspring outcomes. The effects of lifestyle interventions on birth, anthropometric, and psychobehavioral outcomes in offspring of women with GDM need further evidence. Design: The MySweetheart trial is a monocentric single-blind randomized controlled trial in 211 women with GDM. It tested the effect of a pre- and postpartum multidimensional interdisciplinary lifestyle and psychosocial intervention focusing on both the mothers and their infants and its effects on maternal (primary outcomes) and offspring (secondary outcomes) metabolic and psychobehavioral outcomes compared with guidelines-based usual-care. This paper focuses on offspring's birth, anthropometric, and maternal report of psychobehavioral outcomes at singular timepoints. Methods: Women with GDM aged ≥18 years, between 24-32 weeks of gestation, speaking French or English were included and randomly allocated to either the intervention or to an active guidelines-based usual-care group using a 1:1 allocation ratio. The intervention lasted from pregnancy until 1 year postpartum and focused on improving diet, physical activity, and mental health in the mother. For the offspring it focused on supporting breastfeeding, delaying the timing of introduction of solid foods, reducing the consumption of sweetened beverages, increasing physical activity of the family, and improving parental responsiveness to infant distress, hunger, satiety and sleeping cues, and difficult behavior. Results: Adverse birth and neonatal outcomes rarely occurred overall. There were no differences between groups in offspring birth, neonatal, anthropometric, or psychobehavioral outcomes up to one year. After adjustments for maternal age and the offspring's sex and age, there was a borderline significant betweengroup difference in birth length (b:-0.64, CI:-1.27; -0.01, p: 0.05), i.e., offspring of mothers in the intervention group were born 0.64 cm shorter compared to those in the usual-care group. Conclusion: This is the first pre- and postpartum multidimensional interdisciplinary lifestyle and psychosocial intervention in GDM focusing on both the mother and the offspring. It did not lead to a significant improvement in most birth, anthropometric, and psychobehavioral outcomes in offspring of women with GDM. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02890693 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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21. Physical activity and sedentary behavior in preschoolers: a longitudinal assessment of trajectories and determinants
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Schmutz, Einat A., Haile, Sarah R., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Zysset, Annina E., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Meyer, Andrea H., Munsch, Simone, Puder, Jardena J., Jenni, Oskar G., and Kriemler, Susi
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- 2018
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22. Maternal and fetal predictors of anthropometry in the first year of life in offspring of women with GDM.
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Antoniou, Maria-Christina, Quansah, Dan Yedu, Mühlberg, Suzanne, Gilbert, Leah, Arhab, Amar, Schenk, Sybille, Lacroix, Alain, Stuijfzand, Bobby, Horsch, Antje, and Puder, Jardena Jacqueline
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GESTATIONAL diabetes ,SMALL for gestational age ,CORD blood ,WEIGHT gain ,ANTHROPOMETRY - Abstract
Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) carries an increased risk for adverse perinatal and longer-term cardiometabolic consequences in offspring. This study evaluated the utility of maternal anthropometric, metabolic and fetal (cord blood) parameters to predict offspring anthropometry up to 1 year in pregnancies with GDM. Materials and methods: In this prospective analysis of the MySweetheart study, we included 193/211 women with GDM that were followed up to 1 year postpartum. Maternal predictors included anthropometric (pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG), weight and fat mass at the 1
st GDM visit), and metabolic parameters (fasting insulin and glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), HbA1c, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) at the 1st visit and HbA1c at the end of pregnancy). Fetal predictors (N=46) comprised cord blood glucose and insulin, C-Peptide, HOMA-IR, triglycerides and HDL. Offspring outcomes were anthropometry at birth (weight/weight zscore, BMI, small and large for gestational age (SGA,LGA)), 6-8 weeks and 1 year (weight z-score, BMI/BMI z-score, and the sum of 4 skinfolds). Results: In multivariate analyses, birth anthropometry (weight, weight z-score, BMI and/or LGA), was positively associated with cord blood HDL and HbA1c at the 1st GDM visit, and negatively with maternal QUICKI and HDL at the 1st GDM visit (all p = 0.045). At 6-8 weeks, offspring BMI was positively associated with GWG and cord blood insulin, whereas the sum of skinfolds was negatively associated with HDL at the 1st GDM visit (all p =0.023). At 1 year, weight zscore, BMI, BMI z-score, and/or the sum of skinfolds were positively associated with pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal weight, and fat mass at the 1st GDM visit and 3rd trimester HbA1c (all p = 0.043). BMI z-score and/or the sum of skinfolds were negatively associated with cord blood C-peptide, insulin and HOMA-IR (all p =0.041). Discussion: Maternal anthropometric, metabolic, and fetal metabolic parameters independently affected offspring anthropometry during the 1st year of life in an age-dependent manner. These results show the complexity of pathophysiological mechanism for the developing offspring and could represent a base for future personalized follow-up of women with GDM and their offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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23. Intuitive Eating Behavior, Diet Quality and Metabolic Health in the Postpartum in Women with Gestational Diabetes.
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Quansah, Dan Yedu, Schenk, Sybille, Gilbert, Leah, Arhab, Amar, Gross, Justine, Marques-Vidal, Pedro-Manuel, Gonzalez Rodriguez, Elena, Hans, Didier, Horsch, Antje, and Puder, Jardena J.
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Little is known regarding intuitive eating (IE), diet quality and adherence. We investigated the associations between IE, diet quality and metabolic health after gestational diabetes (GDM), who have an increased diabetes risk. Data from 179 women with GDM from MySweetheart trial (NCT02872974) were analyzed. IE was assessed using the eating for physical rather than emotional reasons (EPR) and reliance on hunger and satiety cues (RHSC) subscales of the French Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Metabolic outcomes included weight, central body fat and insulin resistance. Diet quality was calculated using the Alternative Health Eating Index (AHEI) and compliance with national recommendations was evaluated. Both IE subscales were associated with lower BMI and fat mass (BIA) at 1-year postpartum (all p ≤ 0.034). The EPR subscale inversely correlated with fat mass (DXA) and visceral adipose tissue (both p ≤ 0.028), whereas RHSC with higher insulin sensitivity (Matsuda, p = 0.034). RHSC during pregnancy predicted increased AHEI (p = 0.043) at 1-year postpartum, whilst EPR predicted lower fat mass and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (all p ≤ 0.04). In longitudinal analyses, both subscales were associated with increased adherence to dairy and fiber intake recommendations (both p ≤ 0.023). These data suggest IE may be an interesting approach to improve diet quality and metabolic outcomes in women with GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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24. Stability and prediction of motor performance and cognitive functioning in preschoolers: A latent variable approach
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Zysset, Annina E, Kakebeeke, Tanja H, Messerli‐Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H, Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger‐Aschmann, Claudia S, Schmutz, Einat A, Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J, Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, Jenni, Oskar G, University of Zurich, and Jenni, Oskar G
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3204 Developmental and Educational Psychology ,10036 Medical Clinic ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,610 Medicine & health - Published
- 2020
25. Physiological stress measures in preschool children and their relationship with body composition and behavioral problems
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Arhab, Amar, Stülb, Kerstin, Kakebeeke, Tanja H, Zysset, Annina E, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S, Schmutz, Einat A, Ehlert, Ulrike, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G, Munsch, Simone, Puder, Jardena J, University of Zurich, and Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine
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1309 Developmental Biology ,3204 Developmental and Educational Psychology ,2806 Developmental Neuroscience ,10036 Medical Clinic ,10093 Institute of Psychology ,2802 Behavioral Neuroscience ,10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI) ,150 Psychology - Published
- 2018
26. Contralateral Associated Movements Correlate with Poorer Inhibitory Control, Attention and Visual Perception in Preschool Children
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Kakebeeke, Tanja H, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H, Zysset, Annina E, Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S, Schmutz, Einat A, Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J, Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, Jenni, Oskar G, University of Zurich, and Kakebeeke, Tanja H
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2809 Sensory Systems ,10036 Medical Clinic ,3205 Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,610 Medicine & health - Published
- 2017
27. Emotional eating is related with temperament but not with stress biomarkers in preschool children
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Stülb, Kerstin, Kakebeeke, Tanja H, Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S, Schmutz, Einat A, Meyer, Andrea H, Ehlert, Ulrike, Garcia-Burgos, David, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G, Puder, Jardena J, Munsch, Simone, University of Zurich, and Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine
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Nutrition and Dietetics ,10036 Medical Clinic ,10093 Institute of Psychology ,2916 Nutrition and Dietetics ,3200 General Psychology ,10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI) ,150 Psychology ,General Psychology - Published
- 2017
28. Physical activity, sedentary time and adiposity in preschool children (Swiss Preschoolers’ Health Study - SPLASHY)
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ARHAB, Amar
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The prevalence of obesity in preschool children has increased dramatically in the last 30 years. At the same time, children’s physical activity levels have decreased and sedentary behaviours have increased. These trends are of great concern for public health due to their immediate and long-term consequences for the health of affected individuals. The preschool years (age 3-5 years) are regarded as critical for the establishment of a healthy lifestyle and a healthy weight. Yet, little is known about this young population. The thesis at hand provided a better understanding of the relationship of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with adiposity and the influence of the childcare environment on these factors in preschool children. This research is based on the Swiss Preschoolers’ Health Study (SPLASHY), a multi- site prospective cohort study aimed at understanding the influence of stress and physical activity on preschool children’s psychological and physiological health. This thesis assessed and analysed cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and adiposity. Furthermore, it evaluated the influence of the child-care environment on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and adiposity. Cross-sectional results identified a number of relevant factors: more frequent child- initiated interactions with other children during childcare, mixing different ages within a childcare group, the presence of a written physical activity convention, and/or a larger childcare surface. These were related to children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour during childcare days and mostly also to overall physical activity on both home and childcare days. Parental involvement in childcare physical activity projects correlated with reduced body fat. In addition, cross-sectional analyses showed that physical activity was positively associated with BMI and waist circumference in both the total population and in the normal weight group. Vigorous physical activity was negatively associated with body fat in the overweight and obese group, but not in the normal weight group. Longitudinal results showed that higher levels of total physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity predicted lower adiposity 1 year later. Sedentary behaviour did not predict adiposity 1 year later. Furthermore, adiposity did not predict physical activity nor sedentary behaviour. These findings contribute to the current understanding of the relationship of physical activity behaviours with adiposity and confirm the benefits of being active from early childhood. We have identified particular childcare correlates of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and adiposity that can be valuable targets for change in future interventions. Furthermore, encouraging children to engage in physical activity of at least moderate intensity may be more important to public health than reducing sedentary behaviour for preventing obesity in healthy preschool children.
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- 2017
29. Stability and prediction of motor performance and cognitive functioning in preschoolers: A latent variable approach.
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Zysset, Annina E., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Messerli‐Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger‐Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J., Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, and Jenni, Oskar G.
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COGNITION in children ,MOTOR ability ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
At preschool age, motor skills and cognitive functions are regularly examined at well‐child visits. Although reliable screening depends on the stability of the assessed developmental domains, little is known about the stability of motor and cognitive performance in preschool children. The aim of the present study was to investigate how stable motor skills and cognitive functioning are in the preschool years and whether they can predict their own and respective outcome 1 year later. 509 children were examined (46.4% female; M = 3.9 years; SD = 0.6; range 3.0–6.0 years) from the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY) at baseline and 1 year later. A Latent Variable Cross‐lagged Panel Model revealed that both motor skills and cognitive functioning are highly stable in the preschool age (.65/.67). Cross‐lagged coefficients were smaller (.37/.22). However, as the cross‐lagged paths did not differ significantly from each other, no reliable conclusions for the prediction of motor skills and cognitive functions may be drawn. We conclude that cognitive functioning and motor skills are highly stable already in the preschool years. Although small cross‐lagged predictive values were found, motor skills and cognitive functions may not to be reliable predictors of their respective outcomes. Future studies should test cross‐lagged predictive effects in clinical samples, where the effects might be larger. This study investigated the stability and predictive value of motor skills and cognitive functioning in 3–6‐year‐old typically developing children.Motor skills and cognitive functioning were highly stable already in preschool age, however, predictive values for their respective outcomes are lower and may not to be reliable predictors of their respective outcomes.As motor and cognitive development are highly stable at preschool age, they could be applied for the identification of children at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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30. Physiological stress measures in preschool children and their relationship with body composition and behavioral problems.
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Messerli‐Bürgy, Nadine, Arhab, Amar, Stülb, Kerstin, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Zysset, Annina E., Leeger‐Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Ehlert, Ulrike, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Munsch, Simone, and Puder, Jardena J.
- Abstract
Background: The relationship between physiological stress measures and body composition or behavioral problems in older children remains controversial, and data in young children are lacking. The aim of the study was to investigate this relationship in predominantly healthy preschool children. Method: Physiological stress measures were assessed using diurnal salivary alpha‐amylase (sAA) and salivary cortisol, nail cortisol and parasympathetic activation (PNS) by overnight heart rate variability, and body composition (body mass index, skinfold thickness) and behavior problems (using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) in 324 children aged 2–6 years of the SPLASHY study. Results: Parasympathetic nervous system was inversely related to body fat, to emotional, and to peer problems. Diurnal sAA was related to hyperactivity problems and moderated the relationship of cortisol and hyperactivity problems. Cortisol was not related to any other health problems. Discussion: The relationship of PNS with body composition and behavioral problems might highlight the protective role of the parasympathetic system early in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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31. Childcare Correlates of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Adiposity in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SPLASHY Study.
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Arhab, Amar, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Lanzi, Stefano, Stülb, Kerstin, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Munsch, Simone, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., and Puder, Jardena J.
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- *
CHILD care , *PHYSICAL activity , *CHILDHOOD obesity , *BODY mass index , *PRESCHOOL children , *PARENT participation in health education - Abstract
Background: The childcare (CC) environment can influence young children's physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and adiposity. The aim of the study was to identify a broad range of CC correlates of PA, SB, and adiposity in a large sample of preschoolers.Methods: 476 preschool children (mean age 3.9 yrs; 47% girls) participated in the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY). PA and SB were measured by accelerometry. Outcome measures included total PA (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), SB, body mass index (BMI), and skinfold thickness (SF). PA measures consisted of both daily PA during CC attendance days and overall daily PA (CC and non-CC days).Results: We identified the following CC correlates for higher TPA and/or higher MVPA or lower SB during CC attendance days: older age, sex (boys), more frequent child-initiated interactions during CC, mixing different ages within a group, and the presence of a written PA policy in the CC (all p ≤ 0.02). The CC correlates for overall TPA and/or MVPA or lower overall SB including both CC and non-CC days were the following: older age, sex (boys), more frequent child-initiated interactions during CC, mixing different ages within a group, less parental PA involvement in the CC, and having a larger surface area in CC (all p ≤ 0.046). Correlates for lower SF were sex (boys) and parental PA involvement in the CC (all p ≤ 0.02), and, for lower BMI, only increased age (p=0.001) was a correlate.Conclusions: More frequent child-initiated interactions and mixing different ages in CC, the presence of a written PA policy, and a larger CC surface are correlates of PA and SB during CC attendance days and/or of overall PA. Parental involvement in CC PA projects was a correlate for reduced body fat. These novel factors are mostly modifiable and can be tackled/addressed in future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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32. Predictors of Executive Functions in Preschoolers: Findings From the SPLASHY Study.
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Zysset, Annina E., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J., Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, and Jenni, Oskar G.
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EXECUTIVE function ,PRESCHOOL children ,DAY care centers ,FINE motor ability ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,VISUAL perception - Abstract
Executive functions (EFs) have been reported to play a crucial role in children's development, affecting their academic achievement, health, and quality of life. This study examined individual and interpersonal predictors for EFs in 555 typically developing preschool children aged 2–6 years. Children were recruited from 84 child care centers in the German- and French-speaking parts of Switzerland within the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY). A total of 20 potential predictors were assessed at the first measurement (T1). These included eight demographic/biological predictors, such as socioeconomic status, preterm birth, physical activity, and motor skills; six psychological predictors, such as hyperactivity, visual perception, and emotionality; and six interpersonal predictors, such as parenting style and stress, presence of siblings, and days spent in the child care center. The predictive value of these variables on EFs 1 year later (T2) was assessed using both standard multiple regression analysis and penalized regression to avoid overfitting due to the number of potential predictors. Female sex (β = 0.14), socio-economic status (β = 0.15), fine motor skills (β = 0.17), visual perception at T1 (β = 0.16), and EFs at T1 (β = 0.30) were all associated with EFs at T2, exhibiting small to medium effect sizes. All predictors together accounted for 31% of the variability in EFs. However, none of the interpersonal predictors were significant. Thus, we conclude that most of the factors that can predict EFs in preschool age are individual variables, and these tend to be more difficult to influence than interpersonal factors. In fact, children from families with low socio-economic status may be particularly vulnerable to poor EFs. Furthermore, encouraging fine motor skills early in life may support the development of EFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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33. Impact of age, sex, socioeconomic status, and physical activity on associated movements and motor speed in preschool children.
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Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Zysset, Annina E., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Chaouch, Aziz, Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Rousson, Valentin, Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, Puder, Jardena J., and Jenni, Oskar G.
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PSYCHOLOGY of preschool children ,PHYSICAL activity ,MOTOR ability ,PSYCHOLOGICAL aspects of aging ,SOCIAL status - Abstract
Introduction: Young children generally show contralateral associated movements (CAMs) when they are making an effort to perform a unimanual task. CAM and motor speed are two relevant aspects of motor proficiency in young children. These CAMs decrease over age, while motor speed increases. As both CAM and motor speed are associated with age, we were interested in whether these two parameters are also linked with each other.Method: In this study, three manual dexterity tasks with the dominant and nondominant hands (pegboard, repetitive hand, and repetitive finger tasks) were used to investigate the effect of covariates (age, sex, socioeconomic status, total physical activity) on both motor speed and CAMs in preschool children.Results: There was a significant age effect for both motor speed and CAMs in all tasks when the dominant hand was used. When the nondominant hand was used, the decrease in the intensity of CAMs over age was not consistently significant. The influence of physical activity and socioeconomic status on motor proficiency was small. Furthermore, the correlation between motor speed and CAMs, although significant, was low.Conclusions: Motor speed improved with age over three fine motor tasks in preschool children. Decrease in CAMs was observed but it was not always significant when the nondominant hand was working. Motor speed and CAMs were only weakly associated. We conclude that the excitatory pathways responsible for motor speed and inhibitory pathways responsible for reducing CAMs occupy two different domains in the brain and therefore mostly behave independently of each other. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2018
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34. Association between Body Composition and Motor Performance in Preschool Children.
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Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Lanzi, Stefano, Zysset, annina E., arhab, amar, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Stuelb, Kerstin, Leeger-aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat a., Meyer, andrea H., Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, Jenni, Oskar G., and Puder, Jardena J.
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NEUROMUSCULAR diseases ,BODY composition ,MOTOR ability ,ACCELEROMETERS ,PRESCHOOL children - Abstract
Objective: Being overweight makes physical movement more difficult . Our aim was to investigate the association between body composition and motor performance in preschool children. Methods: A total of 476 predominantly normal-weight preschool children (age 3.9 ± 0.7 years; m/f: 251/225; BMI 16.0 ± 1.4 kg/m
2 ) participated in the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY). Body composition assessments included skinfold thickness, waist circumference (WC), and BMI. The Zurich Neuromotor Assessment (ZNA) was used to assess gross and fine motor tasks. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, sociocultural characteristics, and physical activity (assessed with accelerometers), skinfold thickness and WC were both inversely correlated with jumping sideward (gross motor task β-coefficient -1.92, p = 0.027; and -3.34, p = 0.014, respectively), while BMI was positively correlated with running performance (gross motor task β-coefficient 9.12, p = 0.001). No significant associations were found between body composition measures and fine motor tasks. Conclusion: The inverse associations between skinfold thickness or WC and jumping sideward indicates that children with high fat mass may be less proficient in certain gross motor tasks. The positive association between BMI and running suggests that BMI might be an indicator of fatfree (i.e., muscle) mass in predominately normal-weight preschool children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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35. The relationship of physiological stress measures, behavioral problems and body composition in preschool children
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Arhab, Amar, Stülb, Kerstin, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Ehlert, Ulrike, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Munsch, Simone, and Puder, Jardena J.
- Published
- 2017
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36. Associated movements and inhibitory control in children between 2 and 6 years are related
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Kakebeeke, Tanja Heleen, Messerli-Bürgi, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Zysset, Annina E., Stülb, Kerstin, Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia, Schmutz, Einat A., Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J., Kriemler, Susi, Munsch, Simone, and Jenni, Oskar G.
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- 2017
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37. Physiological stress response to an age-adapted stress task in preschoolers and its potential determinants
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Stülb, Kerstin, Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Arhab, Amar, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Meyer, Andrea H., Garcia-Burgos, David, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., and Munsch, Simone
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- 2017
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38. Associations between physical activity and psychological health in Swiss preschool children
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Schmutz, Einat A., Sägesser, L., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia, Kakebeeke, Tanja Heleen, Zysset, Annina E., Messerli-Bürgi, Nadine, Meyer, Andrea H., Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Puder, Jardena J., Munsch, Simone, Jenni, Oskar G., and Kriemler, Susi
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- 2017
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39. Correlates of preschool children's objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior: a cross-sectional analysis of the SPLASHY study.
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Schmutz, Einat A., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Radtke, Thomas, Muff, Stefanie, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Zysset, Annina E., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Meyer, Andrea H., Munsch, Simone, Puder, Jardena J., Jenni, Oskar G., and Kriemler, Susi
- Subjects
ECOLOGY ,PHYSICAL activity ,CHILD care ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,ACCELEROMETRY ,CROSS-sectional method ,SEDENTARY lifestyles ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,CHILDREN ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Background: Identifying ways to promote physical activity and decrease sedentary time during childhood is a key public health issue. Research on the putative influences on preschool children's physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) is limited and has yielded inconsistent results. Our aim was to identify correlates of PA and SB in preschool children. Methods: Cross-sectional data were drawn from the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY), a Swiss population-based cohort study. Of 476 two to six year old children, 394 (54% boys) had valid PA data assessed by accelerometry. Information on exposure data was directly measured or extracted from parental questionnaires. Multilevel linear regression modeling was used to separately assess associations between 35 potential correlates and total PA (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and SB. Results: In total, 12 correlates from different domains were identified. TPA and MVPA were greater in boys than girls, increased with age and were positively associated with gross motor skills. Children from single parent families had a higher level of TPA and spent less time sedentary than those living with two parents. Time spent outdoors was positively associated with TPA and negatively with SB. The child's activity temperament was related all three outcomes, whereas parental sports club membership, living area per person and neighborhood safety were associated with SB only. Fixed and random factors in the final models accounted for 28%, 32% and 22% of the total variance in TPA, MVPA and SB, respectively. Variance decomposition revealed that age, sex and activity temperament were the most influential correlates of both, TPA and MVPA, whereas the child's activity temperament, time outdoors and neighborhood safety were identified as the most important correlates of SB. Conclusions: A multidimensional set of correlates of young children's activity behavior has been identified. Personal factors had the greatest influence on PA, whereas environmental-level factors had the greatest influence on SB. Moreover, we identified a number of previously unreported, potentially modifiable correlates of young children's PA and SB. These factors could serve to define target groups or become valuable targets for change in future interventions. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41045021 (date of registration: 21.03.14). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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40. The Swiss Preschoolers' health study (SPLASHY): objectives and design of a prospective multi-site cohort study assessing psychological and physiological health in young children.
- Author
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Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Arhab, Amar, Stülb, Kerstin, Zysset, Annina E., Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Fares, Fady, Meyer, Andrea H., Munsch, Simone, Kriemler, Susi, Jenni, Oskar G., and Puder, Jardena J.
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PSYCHOLOGY of preschool children ,PRESCHOOL children ,STRESS in children ,PHYSICAL activity ,COGNITIVE ability ,COHORT analysis ,PHYSIOLOGY ,EXERCISE & psychology ,ADIPOSE tissues ,HUMAN body composition ,CHILD behavior ,COGNITION ,COMPARATIVE studies ,ECOLOGY ,EXERCISE ,HEALTH behavior ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,MEDICAL protocols ,MENTAL health ,MOTOR ability ,RESEARCH ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,SURVEYS ,EVALUATION research ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Background: Children's psychological and physiological health can be summarized as the child's thinking, feeling, behaving, eating, growing, and moving. Children's psychological and physiological health conditions are influenced by today's life challenges: Thus, stress exposure and lack of physical activity represent important health challenges in older children. However, corresponding evidence for young children is scarce. The aim of Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY) is to examine the role of stress and physical activity on children's psychological and physiological health, particularly on cognitive functioning, psychological well-being, adiposity and motor skills in children at an early stage of childhood. We will also assess the role of child and environmental characteristics and aim to define sensitive time points.Methods/design: In a total of 84 child care centers, children at preschool age (2-6 years) are recruited and are assessed immediately and one year later. Assessments include direct measurements of the children in the child care centers and at home as well as assessments of children's behavior and environmental factors through informants (parents and child care educators).Discussion: SPLASHY is one of the first studies in early childhood aiming to investigate the influence of stress and physical activity on children's psychological and physiological health in a community-based longitudinal design.Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41045021 (date of registration: 21.03.14). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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41. The influence of stress exposure on physiological stress responses and body composition in preschool children
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Messerli-Buergy, Nadine, Arhab, Amar, Stülb, Kerstin, Aschmann, Claudia, Brunner, Einat, Zysset, Annina, Kakebeeke, Tanja, Meyer, Andrea, Munsch, Simone, Jenni, Oskar, Kriemler, Susi, and Puder, Jardena
- Published
- 2015
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42. Accelerometer-derived physical activity estimation in preschoolers - comparison of cut-point sets incorporating the vector magnitude vs the vertical axis.
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Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S., Schmutz, Einat A., Zysset, Annina E., Kakebeeke, Tanja H., Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine, Stülb, Kerstin, Arhab, Amar, Meyer, Andrea H., Munsch, Simone, Jenni, Oskar G., Puder, Jardena J., and Kriemler, Susi
- Subjects
PHYSICAL activity ,PRESCHOOL children ,HEALTH behavior ,CHILD psychology ,ACCELEROMETERS - Abstract
Background: ActiGraph accelerometers are a widely used tool to objectively measure physical activity (PA) behavior in young children and several validated cut-point sets exist to estimate time spent in different PA intensities (sedentary time, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA). Applying different cut-point sets leads to large and meaningful differences in results. So far, only cut-point sets validated for the vertical axis have been compared and only the influence on time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA has been analyzed.Methods: A range of validated cut-point sets with their respective epoch length was applied to analyze cross-sectional data of the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY): 1) Vertical axis in combination with an epoch length of 15 s (VA-15), 2) Vertical axis in combination with an epoch length of 60 s (VA-60) and 3) Vector magnitude in combination with an epoch length of 60 s (VM-60). PA was measured for eight consecutive days using ActiGraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT). Three days were required to be included in the analysis (minimum two weekdays and one weekend-day with at least ten hours recording per day).Results: Four hundred forty-five preschoolers (mean age 3.9 ± 0.5 years; 46% girls) had valid accelerometer measurements. A longer epoch (VA-60 vs VA-15) resulted in 2% less sedentary time (ST), 18% more light PA (LPA) and 51% less moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA); using the vector magnitude compared to the vertical axis (VM-60 vs VA-60) resulted in 34% less ST, 27% more LPA and 63% more MVPA (all p ≤ 0.001). Comparing all three sets of cut-points, ST ranged from 4.0 to 6.2 h, LPA from 5.1 to 7.6 h and MVPA from 0.8 to 1.6 h.Conclusions: Estimated time spent in different PA intensities was strongly influenced by the choice of cut-point sets. Both, axis selection and epoch length need to be considered when comparing different studies especially when they relate PA behavior to health. The differences in the prevalence of children fulfilling PA guidelines highlight the relevance of these findings.Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41045021 (date of registration: 21.03.2014). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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43. Prospective associations between breast feeding, metabolic health, inflammation and bone density in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Hebeisen I, Gonzalez Rodriguez E, Arhab A, Gross J, Schenk S, Gilbert L, Benhalima K, Horsch A, Quansah DY, and Puder JJ
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- Humans, Female, Pregnancy, Adult, Prospective Studies, Body Composition, Follow-Up Studies, Biomarkers analysis, Postpartum Period, Diabetes, Gestational physiopathology, Breast Feeding, Bone Density, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study is to investigate prospective associations between breastfeeding and metabolic outcomes, inflammation, and bone density in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)., Research Design and Methods: We prospectively included 171 women with GDM from the MySweetheart trial. Women were followed during pregnancy (from 24 up to 32 weeks' gestational age) up to 1 year postpartum. Outcomes included weight, weight retention, body composition, insulin resistance and secretion indices, C reactive protein (CRP), and bone density. We compared differences in the associations between breastfeeding and health outcomes between women who breast fed <6 months vs ≥6 months. Analyses were adjusted for potential medical and sociodemographic confounders., Results: Breastfeeding initiation was 94.2% (n=161) and mean breastfeeding duration was 6.6 months. Breastfeeding duration was independently associated with lower weight, weight retention, body fat, visceral adipose tissue, lean mass, CRP, insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance), and insulin secretion (Homeostatic Model Assessment of β-cell index) at 1 year postpartum (all p≤0.04) after adjusting for confounders. Breastfeeding was associated with higher insulin resistance-adjusted insulin secretion (Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2) in the unadjusted analyses only. There was no association between breastfeeding duration and bone density. Compared with <6 months, breastfeeding duration ≥6 months was associated with lower weight, weight retention, body fat, fat-free mass as well as lower CRP at 1 year postpartum (all p<0.05) after adjusting for confounders., Conclusions: Longer breastfeeding duration among women with prior GDM was associated with lower insulin resistance, weight, weight retention, body fat and inflammation, but not lower bone density at 1 year postpartum. Breastfeeding for ≥6 months after GDM can help to improve cardiometabolic health outcomes 1 year after delivery., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2024
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44. Effect of a prepartum and postpartum, complex interdisciplinary lifestyle and psychosocial intervention on metabolic and mental health outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (the MySweetheart trial): randomised, single centred, blinded, controlled trial.
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Quansah DY, Gilbert L, Arhab A, Gonzalez-Rodriguez E, Hans D, Gross J, Lanzi S, Stuijfzand B, Lacroix A, Horsch A, and Puder JJ
- Abstract
Objective: To test the effect of a complex, interdisciplinary, lifestyle and psychosocial intervention on metabolic and mental health outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and in the post partum., Design: Single centred, single blinded, randomised, controlled trial (the MySweetheart trial)., Setting: Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, from 2 September 2016 to 25 October 2021., Participants: 211 women aged at least 18 years with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus at 24-32 gestational weeks were randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention (n=105) or to usual care (n=106)., Interventions: In addition to a comparator based on active guidelines for prepartum and postpartum usual care, the intervention consisted of four individual lifestyle visits during pregnancy and four interdisciplinary visits in the postpartum group, a peer support group workshop in pregnancy and post partum, and a bimonthly lifestyle coach support through telemedicine. The intervention focused on tailored behavioural and psychosocial strategies to improve diet, physical activity, mental health, social support, and adherence to gestational weight gain during pregnancy and weight retention recommendations., Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes were between-group differences in the decrease in maternal weight and depression symptom scores between baseline and one year post partum. Secondary outcomes included changes in total and central body fat, anxiety, wellbeing, glycaemic parameters (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (known as HOMA-IR) and Matsuda indices), aerobic fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), gestational weight gain, and weight retention. Assessors were blinded to primary and secondary outcomes., Results: 84 (80%) of 105 women in the intervention and 95 (90%) of 106 in the usual care completed the study. There was not enough evidence of a difference in the decrease in weight (mean difference -0.38 kg (95% confidence interval -2.08 to 1.30)) or depression scores (-0.67 (-1.84 to 0.49)). The intervention led to an increase in fat-free mass (0.02 kg (0.01 to 0.03)). The intervention also decreased gestational weight gain since the first gestational diabetes mellitus visit (-1.20 kg (-2.14 to -0.26)) and weekly weight gain throughout the entire pregnancy (-0.14 kg (-0.25 to -0.03)), and led to a higher proportion of women without weight retention at one year post partum (34.1% (28/82) v 20.8% (20/96), P=0.034)., Conclusions: Compared with active usual care based on guidelines, there was not enough evidence to conclude that the intervention led to decrease in weight or depression symptoms. However, the intervention decreased gestational weight gain and increased the proportion of women without weight retention., Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02890693., Competing Interests: Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest/ and declare support from the Swiss National Science Foundation for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. The principal investigators (JJP and AH), affirm that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and any discrepancies from the study as originally planned and registered have been explained., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2024
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45. Motor Competence and Physical Activity in Early Childhood: Stability and Relationship.
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Schmutz EA, Leeger-Aschmann CS, Kakebeeke TH, Zysset AE, Messerli-Bürgy N, Stülb K, Arhab A, Meyer AH, Munsch S, Puder JJ, Jenni OG, and Kriemler S
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- Accelerometry, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Schools, Exercise, Motor Skills
- Abstract
Background: Normal motor development and adequate levels of physical activity engagement during the early years of life form the foundation of long-term psychological and physiological health. This is one of the very few studies that investigate the stability and relationships of motor competence and physical activity in preschool children. Methods: Baseline and 12 month follow-up data of physical activity and motor competence of 550 preschool children aged 2-6 years from the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study were used for this work. Physical activity data, expressed in counts per minute for total physical activity and minutes per day for time spent moderately-to-vigorously physically active, were collected over 1 week using accelerometers. Motor competence was assessed with the Zurich Neuromotor Assessment. Both motor competence and physical activity were age- and sex-adjusted. To examine the individual stability of physical activity and motor competence and reciprocal cross-sectional and longitudinal effects between these two domains, a latent variable cross-lagged panel model where motor competence was represented through a latent construct was examined using structural equation modeling. Results: A weak cross-sectional correlation of motor competence with total physical activity ( r = 0.24) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ( r = 0.23) was found. Motor competence exhibited high stability (β = 0.82) in the preschool years and physical activity was moderately stable with estimates ranging from β = 0.37 for total physical activity to β = 0.48 for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. In contrast to the autoregressive coefficients denoting individual stability, both cross-lagged effects were negligible indicating that physical activity was not a determinant of motor competence or vice versa. Conclusions: Motor competence and physical activity developed independently of each other in early childhood. Although measures of quantity and intensity of physical activity were not related to motor development, specific movement experiences and practice-which are not reflected by accelerometry-may be needed for skill development. Future research should focus on examining what type of physical activity is important for motor development and how to assess it, and also whether the relationship between physical activity and motor competence evolves over time. Clinical Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41045021 (date of registration: 21.03.14)., (Copyright © 2020 Schmutz, Leeger-Aschmann, Kakebeeke, Zysset, Messerli-Bürgy, Stülb, Arhab, Meyer, Munsch, Puder, Jenni and Kriemler.)
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- 2020
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46. Relation of Heart Rate and its Variability during Sleep with Age, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in Young Children.
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Herzig D, Eser P, Radtke T, Wenger A, Rusterholz T, Wilhelm M, Achermann P, Arhab A, Jenni OG, Kakebeeke TH, Leeger-Aschmann CS, Messerli-Bürgy N, Meyer AH, Munsch S, Puder JJ, Schmutz EA, Stülb K, Zysset AE, and Kriemler S
- Abstract
Background: Recent studies have claimed a positive effect of physical activity and body composition on vagal tone. In pediatric populations, there is a pronounced decrease in heart rate with age. While this decrease is often interpreted as an age-related increase in vagal tone, there is some evidence that it may be related to a decrease in intrinsic heart rate. This factor has not been taken into account in most previous studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between physical activity and/or body composition and heart rate variability (HRV) independently of the decline in heart rate in young children. Methods: Anthropometric measurements were taken in 309 children aged 2-6 years. Ambulatory electrocardiograms were collected over 14-18 h comprising a full night and accelerometry over 7 days. HRV was determined of three different night segments: (1) over 5 min during deep sleep identified automatically based on HRV characteristics; (2) during a 20 min segment starting 15 min after sleep onset; (3) over a 4-h segment between midnight and 4 a.m. Linear models were computed for HRV parameters with anthropometric and physical activity variables adjusted for heart rate and other confounding variables (e.g., age for physical activity models). Results: We found a decline in heart rate with increasing physical activity and decreasing skinfold thickness. HRV parameters decreased with increasing age, height, and weight in HR-adjusted regression models. These relationships were only found in segments of deep sleep detected automatically based on HRV or manually 15 min after sleep onset, but not in the 4-h segment with random sleep phases. Conclusions: Contrary to most previous studies, we found no increase of standard HRV parameters with age, however, when adjusted for heart rate, there was a significant decrease of HRV parameters with increasing age. Without knowing intrinsic heart rate correct interpretation of HRV in growing children is impossible.
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- 2017
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47. Regional sociocultural differences as important correlate of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Swiss preschool children.
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Leeger-Aschmann CS, Schmutz EA, Radtke T, Kakebeeke TH, Zysset AE, Messerli-Bürgy N, Stülb K, Arhab A, Meyer AH, Munsch S, Jenni OG, Puder JJ, and Kriemler S
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- Accelerometry instrumentation, Accelerometry methods, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, Culture, Exercise psychology, Sedentary Behavior
- Abstract
Question: Regional differences in physical activity in school-aged children and adults even within one country with the same political and health care system have been observed and could not be explained by sociodemographic or individual variables. We analysed whether such differences were already present in preschool children., Methods: Swiss children from 84 childcare centres in five cantons (Aargau, Bern, Fribourg, Vaud, Zurich) comprising about 50% of the population of the country participated. Physical activity was quantified with accelerometers (ActiGraph, wGT3X-BT) and potential correlates were assessed with measurements at the childcare centre or questionnaires. Mixed regression models were used to test associations between potential correlates of total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA) or sedentary behaviour with a special focus on regional differences., Results: 394 of 476 children (83%) provided valid physical activity data (at least 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day with 10 h recording; mean age 3.9 ± 0.7 years, 54% boys) with 26% and 74% living in the French- and German-speaking parts of Switzerland, respectively. Days consisted of (mean ± standard deviation) 1.5 ± 0.5 h MVPA, 5.0 ± 0.6 h LPA, and 6.3 ± 0.8 h sedentary behaviour with an average of 624 ± 150 counts/min TPA. TPA and MVPA (but not sedentary behaviour or LPA) increased with age, were higher in boys and children with better motor skills. Despite controlling for individual characteristics, familial factors and childcare exposure, children from the French-speaking part of Switzerland showed 13% less TPA, 14% less MVPA, 6% less LPA and 8% more sedentary behaviour than German-speaking children., Conclusion: Beside motor skills and non-modifiable individual factors, the regional sociocultural difference was the most important correlate of phyical activity and sedentary behaviour. Therefore, regionally adapted public health strategies may be needed.
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- 2016
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