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The aim of the work is to present regenerative medicine achievement as an alternative SUI treatment and the variety of injected cells type as well as injection techniques itself with the analysis of their quality and possible the mechanism in which they reduce urinary incontinence symptoms. For over a decade numerous authors declare use of different type of autologous mesenchymal-derived stem cells (AMDC) in male and female SUI. The leakage improvement reached 80%, despite the number of injected cells as well as the injection technique. Important subject in the AMDC treatment is the precise cell material injection into the selected spot which might be possible with the use of the endoscopic assisting robot. The robotic supported system for cells procedure might bring the missing percentage in reaching the goal in SUI treatment.

Minimally invasive surgery revolutionized operative procedures in the last 20 years. Much of the progress in minimally invasive surgery can be attributed to the development of robot-based systems. The most apparent changes are found in laparoscopy procedures. Procedures in which only small skin incisions are made have revolutionized operating theaters. The learning curve, although long in itself, allows for the development of procedures with reduced perioperative risk (i.e., bleeding, pain) or shorter postoperative period. Convalescence after endoscopy procedures is significantly shorter compared with classic laparotomy. However, certain limitations apply to laparoscopy. Apart from the long learning curve, movements executed with long and rigid tools cannot strictly translate the precision of an operator’s hand. The body position of the surgeon is often forced by the reach of the endoscope instrument. It is related to a significant physical load of personnel, especially during long operating procedures. For this reason, some therapeutic procedures are still executed using the laparotomy approach.

Cellular therapy using expanded autologous myoblasts is a treatment modality for a variety of diseases. In the present study, we compared the commercial skeletal muscle cell growth medium-2 (SKGM-2) with a medium designed by our group for the expansion of skeletal myoblasts. The use of an in-house medium [DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with EGF, bFGF, HGF, insulin and dexamethasone (DFEFH)] resulted in a greater number of myoblast colonies (>50%) and a 3-, 4- and 9-fold higher proliferation rate, eventually resulting in a 3-, 7- and 87-fold greater number of cells at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd passage, respectively, compared with the cells grown in SKGM-2 medium. The average CD56 expression level was higher in the myoblasts cultured in DFEFH than in those culturd in SKGM-2 medium. At the 3rd passage, lower expression levels of myostatin and considerably higher expression levels of myogenin were observed in the cells that were grown in DFEFH medium. The results of our study indicated that myoblasts cultured in both medium types displayed fusogenic potential at the 3rd passage. Furthermore, it was shown that cells cultured in DFEFH medium created myotubes with a considerably higher number of nuclei. Additionally, we observed that the fusion potential of the cells markedly decreased with the subsequent passages and that the morphology of the myoblasts differed between the 2 cultured media. Our data demonstrate that culture in the DFEFH medium leads to an approximately 90-fold greater number of myoblasts, with improved morphology and greater fusion potential, compared with culture in the commercial SKGM-2 medium.

Summary Background The concept of sentinel node biopsy has been widely invastigated in various malignant tumoures and has become a standard method in such neoplastic diseases as penile cancer or melanoma. In tumours, where the lymphatic flow is more complicated and difficult to analyze, this concept still needs to be verified. Aim The aim of this paper is to present the validity of the above concept in sentinel node detection in vulvar, cervical and endometrial cancers. Materials/Methods Sentinel node detection was performed in 127 women with gynaecological malignances; 39 patients with vulvar cancer, 52 patients with cervical cancer and 36 patients with endometrial cancer. In sentinel node detection we used radioisotopes and a dye technique. After sentinel node dissection, in all cases, radical surgery with systemic lymphadenectomy was performed. The number and localization of the nodes classified as sentinel nodes were analyzed. Results The identification rate for sentinel node detection was 97.4% in vulvar cancer, 96.2% in cervical cancer and 88.9% in endometrial cancer. The sensitivity in this procedures was 100.0% in vulvar cancer, 94.0% in cervical cancer and 87.9% in endometrial cancer. Negative predictive value was 96.2% for vulvar cancer, 97.0% for cervical cancer and 100.0% for endometrial cancer. Conclusions The concept of sentinel node detection in gynaecological malignances requires more clinical date for its validation, but outcomes in vulvar cancer seem to be potentially most promising.