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1. Coastal inundation regime moderates the short-term effects of sediment and soil additions on seawater oxygen and greenhouse gas dynamics: a microcosm experiment

Author

Peter Regier, Nicholas D. Ward, Alex Izquierdo, Andrew H. Baldwin, Donnie Day, Julia McElhinny, Kaizad Patel, Rodrigo Vargas, Jianqiu Zheng, Exchange Consortium, Allison Myers-Pigg, Silver Alford, Michael P. Back, Vanessa Bailey, Jade Bolinger, Madison Bowe, Maxim I. Boyanov, Jacob A. Cianci-Gaskill, Nathan A. Conroy, Matthew J. Cooper, Alex Demeo, Kyle Derby, Derek Detweiler, Suzanne Devres-Zimmerman, Erin Eberhard, Keryn Gedan, LeeAnn Haaf, Khadijah K. Homolka, Erin Johnson, Kenneth M. Kemner, Aliya Khan, Matthew Kirwan, Payton Kittaka, Erika Koontz, Adam Langley, Riley Leff, Scott Lerberg, Allison M. Lewis, Sairah Malkin, Amy M. Marcarelli, Steven E. McMurray, Tyler Messerschmidt, Taylor C. Michael, Holly A. Michael, Elizabeth C. Minor, Brian Moye, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Allison N. Myers-Pigg, Neubauer Scott, Cooper G. Norris, Edward J. O'Loughlin, Opal Otenburg, Andrea Pain, Kaizad F. Patel, Stephanie C. Pennington, Michael Philben, Evan Phillips, Dannielle Pratt, J. Alan Roebuck Jr., Lauren Sage, Daniel Sandborn, Stacy Smith, Alex Smith, Samina Soin-Voshell, Bongkeun Song, Amanda Sprague-Getsy, Kari St Laurent, Lorie Staver, Alice Stearns, Lucie Stetten, Rebecca Swerida, Ethan J. Theuerkauf, Katherine Tully, Elizabeth Watson, and Coreen Weilminster

Subjects
greenhouse gases, dissolved oxygen, aquatic carbon cycle, terrestrial-aquatic interface, coastal inundation, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The frequency and persistence of tidal inundation varies along the coastal terrestrial-aquatic interface, from frequently inundated wetlands to rarely inundated upland forests. This inundation gradient controls soil and sediment biogeochemistry and influence the exchange of soils and sediments from terrestrial to aquatic domains. Although a rich literature exist on studies of the influence of tidal waters on the biogeochemistry of coastal ecosystem soils, few studies have experimentally addressed the reverse question: How do soils (or sediments) from different coastal ecosystems influence the biogeochemistry of the tidal waters that inundate them? To better understand initial responses of coastal waters that flood coastal wetlands and uplands, we conducted short-term laboratory experiments where seawater was amended with sediments and soils collected across regional gradients of inundation exposure (i.e., frequently to rarely inundated) for 14 sites across the Mid-Atlantic, USA. Measured changes in dissolved oxygen and greenhouse gas concentrations were used to calculate gas consumption or production rates occurring during seawater exposure to terrestrial materials. We also measured soil and water physical and chemical properties to explore potential drivers. We observed higher oxygen consumption rates for seawater incubated with soils/sediments from frequently inundated locations and higher carbon dioxide production for seawater incubated with soils from rarely inundated transect locations. Incubations with soil from rarely inundated sites produced the highest global warming potential, primarily driven by carbon dioxide and secondarily by nitrous oxide. We also found environmental drivers of gas rates varied notably between transect locations. Our findings indicate that seawater responses to soil and sediment inputs across coastal terrestrial-aquatic interfaces exhibit some consistent patterns and high intra- and inter-site variability, suggesting potential biogeochemical feedback loops as inundation regimes shift inland.

Published
2023
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2. Biogeochemical control points of connectivity between a tidal creek and its floodplain

Author

Peter Regier, Nicholas D. Ward, Julia Indivero, Cora Wiese Moore, Matt Norwood, and Allison Myers‐Pigg

Subjects
Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract

Abstract As global climates shift, coastal systems experience changes that alter function within the tidal zone. However, it remains uncertain how changes in tidal extent and magnitude will alter coastal biogeochemical cycling. We present high‐frequency data collected in situ along two transects across a tidal creek and floodplain to capture how vertical and lateral connectivity changes act as biogeochemical control points. Using wavelet coherence analysis, we identified short periods of vertical tide–floodplain connectivity during spring tides followed by extended periods of floodplain isolation from tides. During a drier period, neap tides were linked to lateral creek–floodplain connectivity, detected by discharge of saline, oxygen‐depleted groundwater to the creek on ebb tides. We estimate that up to half of creek water throughout the tidal cycle was associated with floodplain drainage. From point measurements of carbon, nitrogen, and greenhouse gases along the creek–floodplain transect, we infer that lateral connectivity functions as a biogeochemically significant control point.

Published
2021
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3. Proceedings from the 9th annual conference on the science of dissemination and implementation

Author

David Chambers, Lisa Simpson, Gila Neta, Ulrica von Thiele Schwarz, Antoinette Percy-Laurry, Gregory A. Aarons, Ross Brownson, Amanda Vogel, Shannon Wiltsey Stirman, Kenneth Sherr, Rachel Sturke, Wynne E. Norton, Allyson Varley, Cynthia Vinson, Lisa Klesges, Suzanne Heurtin-Roberts, M. Rashad Massoud, Leighann Kimble, Arne Beck, Claire Neely, Jennifer Boggs, Carmel Nichols, Wen Wan, Erin Staab, Neda Laiteerapong, Nathalie Moise, Ravi Shah, Susan Essock, Margaret Handley, Amy Jones, Jay Carruthers, Karina Davidson, Lauren Peccoralo, Lloyd Sederer, Todd Molfenter, Ashley Scudder, Sarah Taber-Thomas, Kristen Schaffner, Amy Herschell, Eva Woodward, Jeffery Pitcock, Mona Ritchie, JoAnn Kirchner, Julia E. Moore, Sobia Khan, Shusmita Rashid, Jamie Park, Melissa Courvoisier, Sharon Straus, Daniel Blonigen, Allison Rodriguez, Luisa Manfredi, Andrea Nevedal, Joel Rosenthal, David Smelson, Christine Timko, Nicole Stadnick, Jennifer Regan, Miya Barnett, Anna Lau, Lauren Brookman-Frazee, Erick Guerrero, Karissa Fenwick, Yinfei Kong, Gregory Aarons, Rebecca Lengnick-Hall, Benjamin Henwood, Nina Sayer, Craig Rosen, Robert Orazem, Brandy Smith, Lindsey Zimmerman, David Lounsbury, Rachel Kimerling, Jodie A. Trafton, Steven Lindley, Rahul Bhargava, Hal Roberts, Laura Gibson, Gabriel J. Escobar, Vincent Liu, Benjamin Turk, Arona Ragins, Patricia Kipnis, Ashley Ketterer Gruszkowski, Michael W. Kennedy, Emily Rentschler Drobek, Lior Turgeman, Aleksandra Sasha Milicevic, Terrence L. Hubert, Larissa Myaskovsky, Youxu C. Tjader, Robert J. Monte, Kathryn G. Sapnas, Edmond Ramly, Diane R Lauver, Christie M Bartels, Shereef Elnahal, Andrea Ippolito, Hillary Peabody, Carolyn Clancy, Randall Cebul, Thomas Love, Douglas Einstadter, Shari Bolen, Brook Watts, Vera Yakovchenko, Angela Park, William Lukesh, Donald R. Miller, David Thornton, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Allen L. Gifford, Shawna Smith, Julia Kyle, Mark S Bauer, Daniel Eisenberg, Celeste Liebrecht, Michelle Barbaresso, Amy Kilbourne, Elyse Park, Giselle Perez, Jamie Ostroff, Sarah Greene, Michael Parchman, Brian Austin, Eric Larson, Stefanie Ferreri, Chris Shea, Megan Smith, Kea Turner, Jennifer Bacci, Kyle Bigham, Geoffrey Curran, Caity Frail, Cory Hamata, Terry Jankowski, Wendy Lantaff, Melissa Somma McGivney, Margie Snyder, Megan McCullough, Chris Gillespie, Beth Ann Petrakis, Ellen Jones, Carol VanDeusen Lukas, Adam Rose, Sarah J. Shoemaker, Jeremy Thomas, Benjamin Teeter, Holly Swan, Appathurai Balamurugan, Meghan Lane-Fall, Rinad Beidas, Laura Di Taranti, Sruthi Buddai, Enrique Torres Hernandez, Jerome Watts, Lee Fleisher, Frances Barg, Isomi Miake-Lye, Tanya Olmos, Emmeline Chuang, Hector Rodriguez, Gerald Kominski, Becky Yano, Stephen Shortell, Mary Hook, Linda Fleisher, Alexander Fiks, Katie Halkyard, Rachel Gruver, Emily Sykes, Kimberly Vesco, Kate Beadle, Joanna Bulkley, Ashley Stoneburner, Michael Leo, Amanda Clark, Joan Smith, Christopher Smyser, Maggie Wolf, Shamik Trivedi, Brian Hackett, Rakesh Rao, F. Sessions Cole, Rose McGonigle, Ann Donze, Enola Proctor, Amit Mathur, Emmanuela Gakidou, Stephen Gloyd, Carolyn Audet, Jose Salato, Sten Vermund, Rivet Amico, Stephanie Smith, Beatha Nyirandagijimana, Hildegarde Mukasakindi, Christian Rusangwa, Molly Franke, Giuseppe Raviola, Matthew Cummings, Elijah Goldberg, Savio Mwaka, Olive Kabajaasi, Adithya Cattamanchi, Achilles Katamba, Shevin Jacob, Nathan Kenya-Mugisha, J. Lucian Davis, Julie Reed, Rohit Ramaswamy, Gareth Parry, Sylvia Sax, Heather Kaplan, Keng-yen Huang, Sabrina Cheng, Susan Yee, Kimberly Hoagwood, Mary McKay, Donna Shelley, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Laurie Miller Brotman, Roman Kislov, John Humphreys, Gill Harvey, Paul Wilson, Robert Lieberthal, Colleen Payton, Mona Sarfaty, George Valko, Rendelle Bolton, Christine Hartmann, Nora Mueller, Sally K. Holmes, Barbara Bokhour, Sarah Ono, Benjamin Crabtree, Leah Gordon, William Miller, Bijal Balasubramanian, Leif Solberg, Deborah Cohen, Kate McGraw, Andrew Blatt, Demietrice Pittman, Helen Kales, Dan Berlowitz, Teresa Hudson, Christian Helfrich, Erin Finley, Ashley Garcia, Kristen Rosen, Claudina Tami, Don McGeary, Mary Jo Pugh, Jennifer Sharpe Potter, Krysttel Stryczek, David Au, Steven Zeliadt, George Sayre, Jennifer Leeman, Allison Myers, Jennifer Grant, Mary Wangen, Tara Queen, Alexandra Morshed, Elizabeth Dodson, Rachel Tabak, Ross C. Brownson, R. Chris Sheldrick, Thomas Mackie, Justeen Hyde, Laurel Leslie, Itzhak Yanovitzky, Matthew Weber, Nicole Gesualdo, Teis Kristensen, Cameo Stanick, Heather Halko, Caitlin Dorsey, Byron Powell, Bryan Weiner, Cara Lewis, Patricia Carreno, Kera Mallard, Tasoula Masina, Candice Monson, Taren Swindle, Zachary Patterson, Leanne Whiteside-Mansell, Rochelle Hanson, Benjamin Saunders, Sonja Schoenwald, Angela Moreland, Sarah Birken, Justin Presseau, David Ganz, Brian Mittman, Deborah Delevan, Jennifer N. Hill, Sara Locatelli, Gemmae Fix, Jeffrey Solomon, Sherri L. Lavela, Victoria Scott, Jonathan Scaccia, Kassy Alia, Brittany Skiles, Abraham Wandersman, Anne Sales, Megan Roberts, Amy Kennedy, Muin J. Khoury, Nina Sperber, Lori Orlando, Janet Carpenter, Larisa Cavallari, Joshua Denny, Amanda Elsey, Fern Fitzhenry, Yue Guan, Carol Horowitz, Julie Johnson, Ebony Madden, Toni Pollin, Victoria Pratt, Tejinder Rakhra-Burris, Marc Rosenman, Corrine Voils, Kristin Weitzel, Ryanne Wu, Laura Damschroder, Christine Lu, Rachel Ceccarelli, Kathleen M. Mazor, Ann Wu, Alanna Kulchak Rahm, Adam H. Buchanan, Marci Schwartz, Cara McCormick, Kandamurugu Manickam, Marc S. Williams, Michael F. Murray, Ngoc-Cam Escoffery, Erin Lebow-Skelley, Hallie Udelson, Elaine Böing, Maria E. Fernandez, Richard J. Wood, Patricia Dolan Mullen, Jenita Parekh, Valerie Caldas, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Shalynn Howard, Gilo Thomas, Jacky M. Jennings, Jennifer Torres, Christine Markham, Ross Shegog, Melissa Peskin, Stephanie Craig Rushing, Amanda Gaston, Gwenda Gorman, Cornelia Jessen, Jennifer Williamson, Dianne Ward, Amber Vaughn, Ellie Morris, Stephanie Mazzucca, Regan Burney, Shoba Ramanadhan, Sara Minsky, Vilma Martinez-Dominguez, Kasisomayajula Viswanath, Megan Barker, Myra Fahim, Arezoo Ebnahmady, Rosa Dragonetti, Peter Selby, Margaret Farrell, Jordan Tompkins, Wynne Norton, Kaelin Rapport, Margaret Hargreaves, Rebekka Lee, Gina Kruse, Charles Deutsch, Emily Lanier, Ashley Gray, Aaron Leppin, Lori Christiansen, Karen Schaepe, Jason Egginton, Megan Branda, Charlene Gaw, Sara Dick, Victor Montori, Nilay Shah, Ariella Korn, Peter Hovmand, Karen Fullerton, Nancy Zoellner, Erin Hennessy, Alison Tovar, Ross Hammond, Christina Economos, Christi Kay, Julie Gazmararian, Emily Vall, Patricia Cheung, Padra Franks, Shannon Barrett-Williams, Paul Weiss, Erica Hamilton, Luana Marques, Louise Dixon, Emily Ahles, Sarah Valentine, Derri Shtasel, Ruben Parra-Cardona, Mary Northridge, Rucha Kavathe, Jennifer Zanowiak, Laura Wyatt, Hardayal Singh, Nadia Islam, Madalena Monteban, Darcy Freedman, Kimberly Bess, Colleen Walsh, Kristen Matlack, Susan Flocke, Heather Baily, Samantha Harden, NithyaPriya Ramalingam, VCE Physical Activity Leadership Team, Rachel Gold, Erika Cottrell, Celine Hollombe, Katie Dambrun, Arwen Bunce, Mary Middendorf, Marla Dearing, Stuart Cowburn, Ned Mossman, Gerry Melgar, Suellen Hopfer, Michael Hecht, Anne Ray, Michelle Miller-Day, Rhonda BeLue, Greg Zimet, Eve-Lynn Nelson, Sandy Kuhlman, Gary Doolittle, Hope Krebill, Ashley Spaulding, Theodore Levin, Michael Sanchez, Molly Landau, Patricia Escobar, Nadia Minian, Aliya Noormohamed, Laurie Zawertailo, Dolly Baliunas, Norman Giesbrecht, Bernard Le Foll, Andriy Samokhvalov, Zachary Meisel, Daniel Polsky, Bruce Schackman, Julia Mitchell, Kaitlyn Sevarino, Sarah Gimbel, Moses Mwanza, Marie Paul Nisingizwe, Catherine Michel, Lisa Hirschhorn, Mahrukh Choudhary, Della Thonduparambil, Paul Meissner, Hilary Pinnock, Melanie Barwick, Christopher Carpenter, Sandra Eldridge, Gonzalo Grandes-Odriozola, Chris Griffiths, Jo Rycroft-Malone, Elizabeth Murray, Anita Patel, Aziz Sheikh, Stephanie J. C. Taylor, Martin Guilliford, Gemma Pearce, Diane Korngiebel, Kathleen West, Wylie Burke, Peggy Hannon, Jeffrey Harris, Kristen Hammerback, Marlana Kohn, Gary K. C. Chan, Riki Mafune, Amanda Parrish, Shirley Beresford, K. Joanne Pike, Rachel Shelton, Lina Jandorf, Deborah Erwin, Thana-Ashley Charles, Laura-Mae Baldwin, Brooke Ike, Jacqueline Fickel, Jason Lind, Diane Cowper, Marguerite Fleming, Amy Sadler, Melinda Dye, Judith Katzburg, Michael Ong, Sarah Tubbesing, Molly Simmons, Autumn Harnish, Sonya Gabrielian, Keith McInnes, Jeffrey Smith, John Ferrand, Elisa Torres, Amy Green, Angela R. Bradbury, Linda J. Patrick-Miller, Brian L. Egleston, Susan M. Domchek, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Michael J. Hall, Mary B. Daly, Generosa Grana, Pamela Ganschow, Dominique Fetzer, Amanda Brandt, Rachelle Chambers, Dana F. Clark, Andrea Forman, Rikki S. Gaber, Cassandra Gulden, Janice Horte, Jessica Long, Terra Lucas, Shreshtha Madaan, Kristin Mattie, Danielle McKenna, Susan Montgomery, Sarah Nielsen, Jacquelyn Powers, Kim Rainey, Christina Rybak, Christina Seelaus, Jessica Stoll, Jill Stopfer, Xinxin Shirley Yao, Michelle Savage, Edward Miech, Teresa Damush, Nicholas Rattray, Jennifer Myers, Barbara Homoya, Kate Winseck, Carrie Klabunde, Deb Langer, Avi Aggarwal, Elizabeth Neilson, Lara Gunderson, Marla Gardner, Liam O’Sulleabhain, and Candyce Kroenke

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Published
2017
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4. Women and the Incarceration Epidemic: What Every Healthcare Provider Needs to Know - The Case of Nicole Anderson

Author

Candace Robertson-James, Ana Núñez, and Allison Myers

Subjects
Risk Factors, Incarceration, Offenders, Medicine (General), R5-920, Education
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Due to the increasing numbers of women who are incarcerated, as well as the relatively short sentences that are served, there are growing numbers of women in the community with a history of incarceration. Moreover, these women often have unique health needs. This is a curricular case that teaches critical knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary for treating women with a history of incarceration. The goal of this case is to increase student awareness of the incarceration epidemic among women and implications for health care providers. Methods This module is designed to be administered to small groups of preclinical students over two sessions. The first session includes an introduction to and review of the Ms. Anderson case and identification of key learning issues students will experience as they progress through the case. The second session includes a robust discussion of some of the key points of Ms. Anderson's story as they relate to all of the learning issues presented and resources provided in the case. Throughout the experience, students are introduced to key concepts related to social determinants of health specific to incarceration. Students will discuss the prevalence rates and reasons for incarceration among women offenders, demographic characteristics, health risks and issues commonly experienced, barriers to care, screening protocols, reasons for noncompliance in patients, and how to effectively include questions about incarceration status in to the social history. Results First- and second-year medical students at Drexel University College of Medicine (DUCOM) participated in a curricular pilot on the developed curriculum. Overall, students stated that they did not feel prepared to address the healthcare needs of women with a history of incarceration. All of the students stated that the DUCOM curriculum has “never addressed” or “rarely addressed” issues of patients with a history of incarceration and health care. Most students (89%) stated they have never included questions about a history of incarceration in their social history. All of the students agreed this case-based curriculum provided useful information and it enhanced their knowledge related to incarceration and the health of female patients. In addition, 88% agreed that the curriculum helped them to better address the needs of a female patient with a history of incarceration and utilize pertinent screening protocols. Pre-/posttest score results showed an increase in interest in working with offender and ex-offender populations as well as an increase in students' ability to identify barriers to effective healthcare for women with a history of incarceration. Discussion This case successfully increased student awareness of the incarceration epidemic among women and implications for health care providers. This case was supported by a grant from the Valentine Foundation.

Published
2011
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5. Soil organic matter diagenetic state informs boreal forest ecosystem feedbacks to climate change

Author

Allison Myers-Pigg, Karl Kaiser, Ronald Benner, and Susan Ziegler

Subjects
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

The fate of soil organic carbon (SOC) in boreal forests is dependent on the integrative ecosystem response to climate change. For example, boreal forest productivity is often nitrogen (N) limited, and climate warming can enhance N cycling and primary productivity. However, the net effect of this feedback on the SOC reservoir and its longevity with climate change remain unclear due to difficulty in detecting small differences between large and variable carbon (C) fluxes needed to determine net changes in soil reservoirs. The diagenetic state of SOC – resulting from the physicochemical and biological transformations that alter the original biomolecular composition of detrital inputs to soil over time – is useful for tracing the net response of SOC at the timescales relevant to climate change not usually discernible from fluxes and stocks alone. Here, we test two hypotheses using a mesic boreal forest climate transect: (1) the SOC diagenetic state is maintained across this climosequence, and (2) the maintenance of the SOC diagenetic state is a consequence of coupled soil C and N cycling, signifying the role of enhanced N cycling supporting SOC inputs that maintain SOC stocks within the warmer-climate forests. Shifts in nonvascular to vascular plant inputs with climate observed in these and other boreal forests highlighted the need to carefully separate biogeochemical indicators of SOC source from those signifying diagenetic alteration. We thus evaluated and applied lignin biomarkers to assess the diagenetic alteration of SOC in these boreal forest organic soils and directly compared the lignin diagenetic state with that of soil organic nitrogen (SON) assessed through amino acid composition. The lignin diagenetic state remained constant across the climate transect, indicating a balance between the input and removal of lignin in these mesic boreal forests. When combined with previous knowledge of these forest ecosystems, including the diagenetic state of SON and direct measures of C fluxes and stocks, the results indicate a coupled increase in C and N cycling with climate warming that supports forest productivity and maintains SOC stocks. This balance could markedly shift as other factors begin to limit forest productivity (e.g., trace nutrients, water) with further climate change or affect forest nutrient allocation (e.g., forest age or compositional change). Further application of the approach presented here could be used to detect the limits of this and other ecosystem–climate feedbacks, by providing a tractable and parameterizable index of the lignin state across large spatial scales, necessary for ecosystem-scale parameterizations.

Published
2023

6. Biogeochemical control points of connectivity between a tidal creek and its floodplain

Author

Cora Wiese Moore, Julia Indivero, Allison Myers-Pigg, Nicholas D. Ward, M. J. Norwood, and Peter Regier

Subjects
Hydrology, Biogeochemical cycle, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Floodplain, Environmental science, GC1-1581, Aquatic Science, Oceanography
Abstract

As global climates shift, coastal systems experience changes that alter function within the tidal zone. However, it remains uncertain how changes in tidal extent and magnitude will alter coastal biogeochemical cycling. We present high‐frequency data collected in situ along two transects across a tidal creek and floodplain to capture how vertical and lateral connectivity changes act as biogeochemical control points. Using wavelet coherence analysis, we identified short periods of vertical tide–floodplain connectivity during spring tides followed by extended periods of floodplain isolation from tides. During a drier period, neap tides were linked to lateral creek–floodplain connectivity, detected by discharge of saline, oxygen‐depleted groundwater to the creek on ebb tides. We estimate that up to half of creek water throughout the tidal cycle was associated with floodplain drainage. From point measurements of carbon, nitrogen, and greenhouse gases along the creek–floodplain transect, we infer that lateral connectivity functions as a biogeochemically significant control point.

Published
2021

7. Seawater exposure causes hydraulic damage in dying Sitka-spruce trees

Author

Allison Myers-Pigg, Steve Yabusaki, Jiabing Wu, Anzhi Wang, Wenzhi Wang, Weibin Li, Peipei Zhang, Hongxia Zhang, Scott R. Waichler, Riley T Leff, Xinrong Li, Nate G. McDowell, Dexin Guan, Henry D. Adams, Nicholas D. Ward, Alexandria L. Pivovaroff, Vanessa L. Bailey, and Fenghui Yuan

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Washington, Soil salinity, Regular Issue, Physiology, Climate Change, Turgor pressure, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Salt Stress, Trees, 03 medical and health sciences, Hydraulic conductivity, Xylem, Genetics, Ecosystem, Seawater, Picea, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Crown (botany), Salinity, Agronomy, Environmental science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Sea-level rise is one of the most critical challenges facing coastal ecosystems under climate change. Observations of elevated tree mortality in global coastal forests are increasing, but important knowledge gaps persist concerning the mechanism of salinity stress-induced nonhalophytic tree mortality. We monitored progressive mortality and associated gas exchange and hydraulic shifts in Sitka-spruce (Picea sitchensis) trees located within a salinity gradient under an ecosystem-scale change of seawater exposure in Washington State, USA. Percentage of live foliated crown (PLFC) decreased and tree mortality increased with increasing soil salinity during the study period. A strong reduction in gas exchange and xylem hydraulic conductivity (Ks) occurred during tree death, with an increase in the percentage loss of conductivity (PLC) and turgor loss point (πtlp). Hydraulic and osmotic shifts reflected that hydraulic function declined from seawater exposure, and dying trees were unable to support osmotic adjustment. Constrained gas exchange was strongly related to hydraulic damage at both stem and leaf levels. Significant correlations between foliar sodium (Na+) concentration and gas exchange and key hydraulic parameters (Ks, PLC, and πtlp) suggest that cellular injury related to the toxic effects of ion accumulation impacted the physiology of these dying trees. This study provides evidence of toxic effects on the cellular function that manifests in all aspects of plant functioning, leading to unfavourable osmotic and hydraulic conditions.

Published
2021

8. Flux of Dissolved and Particulate Low-Temperature Pyrogenic Carbon from Two High-Latitude Rivers across the Spring Freshet Hydrograph

Author

Roman Teisserenc, Patrick Louchouarn, and Allison Myers-Pigg

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Freshet, Hydrograph, Ocean Engineering, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Atmospheric sciences, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, chemistry.chemical_compound, Arctic Rivers, Ecosystem, Marine Science, dissolved pyrogenic carbon, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, Global and Planetary Change, Levoglucosan, Aquatic ecosystem, 15. Life on land, Particulates, pyrogenic carbon, freshet, levoglucosan, chemistry, Arctic, 13. Climate action, particulate pyrogenic carbon, Environmental science
Abstract

A number of recent studies have documented that pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is an integral and significant proportion of DOM in worldwide rivers. This material originates from all fractions of the PyC continuum, from highly condensed PyC to more functionalized components that retain some structural identity of fuel molecules. Understanding the transfer of PyC to river systems is paramount for Arctic regions, given the projected increase in frequency and intensity of forest fires within these ecosystems. However, the environmental distribution and concentration of soluble and particulate PyC, parameters that govern the overall fate of PyC in aquatic systems, has so far been unstudied. Here, we analyze the concentration and phase distribution of the anhydrosugar biomarker levoglucosan, as a proxy for low-temperature PyC, in two high-latitude river systems: a small sub-Arctic Canadian river, the Great Whale River in northern Quebec, and the largest Arctic River, the Yenisei River in north-central Siberia. Low-temperature PyC, as estimated by levoglucosan concentrations, is exported predominantly in the dissolved phase. Peak export of low-temperature PyC occurs during the spring freshet period in both rivers. Seasonal variability of dissolved and particulate PyC export in each river elucidated that the export of PyC in the particulate and dissolved phases were temporally decoupled throughout the peak discharge events. While the present work confirms that levoglucosan is exported in particulate phase at a high enough level to enter sedimentary deposits and record historical wildfire signatures, as the phase distribution varies between rivers and during different flow regimes, spatial and temporal differences may affect the usage of levoglucosan as a PyC proxy in depositional settings.

Published
2017
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9. Stories for change: development of a diabetes digital storytelling intervention for refugees and immigrants to minnesota using qualitative methods.

Author

Njeru, Jane W., Patten, Christi A., Hanza, Marcelo M. K., Brockman, Tabetha A., Ridgeway, Jennifer L., Weis, Jennifer A., Clark, Matthew M., Goodson, Miriam, Osman, Ahmed, Porraz-Capetillo, Graciela, Hared, Abdullah, Allison Myers, Allison Myers, Sia, Irene G., Wieland, Mark L., and Myers, Allison

Subjects
IMMIGRANTS, PEOPLE with diabetes, HEALTH equity, STORYTELLING, HEALTH outcome assessment, DISEASES, TYPE 2 diabetes treatment, COMMUNICATION, FOCUS groups, MEDICAL care research, TYPE 2 diabetes, PUBLIC relations, REFUGEES, HEALTH self-care, UNIVERSITIES & colleges, RESIDENTIAL patterns, NARRATIVES
Abstract

Background: Immigrants and refugees are affected by diabetes-related health disparities, with higher rates of incident diabetes and sub-optimal diabetes outcomes. Digital storytelling interventions for chronic diseases, such as diabetes may be especially powerful among immigrants because often limited English proficiency minimizes access to and affects the applicability of the existing health education opportunities. Community-based participatory research (CBPR), whereby community members and academia partner in an equitable relationship through all phases of the research, is an intuitive approach to develop these interventions. The main objective of this study was to develop a diabetes digital storytelling intervention with and for immigrant and refugee populations.Methods: We used a CBPR approach to develop a diabetes digital storytelling intervention with and for immigrant and refugee Somali and Latino communities. Building on an established CBPR partnership, we conducted focus groups among community members with type II diabetes for a dual purpose: 1) to inform the intervention as it related to four domains of diabetes self-management (medication management, glucose self-monitoring, physical activity, and nutrition); 2) to identify champion storytellers for the intervention development. Eight participants attended a facilitated workshop for the creation of the digital stories.Results: Each of the eight storytellers, from the Somali and Latino communities with diabetes (four from each group), created a powerful and compelling story about their struggles and accomplishments related to the four domains of diabetes self-management.Conclusions: This report is on a systematic, participatory process for the successful development of a diabetes storytelling intervention for Somali and Latino adults. Processes and products from this work may inform the work of other CBPR partnerships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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