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Background The study investigates the prognostic impact of sex and sex‐related differences in patients hospitalized with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). More data regarding the characterization of patients and their outcomes in the presence of HFmrEF are needed. Methods and Results Consecutive patients hospitalized with HFmrEF (ie, left ventricular ejection fraction 41%–49% and signs or symptoms of HF) were retrospectively included at one institution from 2016 to 2022. Female patients were compared with male patients with regard to the primary end point of all‐cause mortality at 30 months (median follow‐up). Statistical analyses comprised Kaplan–Meier, multivariable Cox proportional regression analyses and propensity score matching. From a total of 2184 patients hospitalized with HFmrEF, 64.6% were male. Female patients with HFmrEF were older than male patients (median age 78 versus 73 years; P=0.001) and had lower rates of ischemic cardiomyopathy (46.6% versus 63.6%; P=0.001). Within the entire study cohort, sex was not associated with the risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.931 [95% CI, 0.797–1.088]; P=0.372). However, male sex was associated with a lower risk of HF‐related rehospitalization at 30 months (HR, 0.761 [95% CI, 0.600–0.966]; P=0.026), which was confirmed after multivariable adjustment (HR, 0.759 [95% CI, 0.592–0.973]; P=0.029) and propensity score matching (HR, 0.722 [95% CI, 0.539–0.967]; P=0.029). Conclusion Although almost two thirds of patients hospitalized with HFmrEF were male, sex was no predictor for the risk of all‐cause mortality at 30 months. However, female sex was associated with a higher risk of HF‐related rehospitalization. Registration URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT05603390.

Molten salts are the most widely used thermal energy storage system in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants, accounting for 50% of the installed capacity. Many studies have conducted life cycle assessments of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions produced within the CSP ecosystem; however, it has not yet been standardized for molten salt storage. This study compares GHG emissions of molten salt storage in CSP with conventional coal and natural gas power plants, to measure the environmental impact they can have in the CSP ecosystem. This was achieved with the use of simulations for 48 operational CSP plants worldwide using the system advisor model with their respective operation conditions. Results show that for the three configurations studied, CSP plants would result in annual 3,99 MMtCO2eq of emissions displaced when compared to a coal power plant and 1,61 MMtCO2eq compared to a natural gas power plant.

Background: There is limited data regarding the influence of lung compliance on the outcome of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Thus, a registry study was conducted to assess the prognostic influence of lung compliance in invasively ventilated patients with CS. Methods: Hospital records for consecutive invasively ventilated CS-patients from June 2019 to May 2021 were collected into a prospective registry. Our study evaluated the prognostic influence of lung compliance on 30-day all-cause mortality. Statistical analyses comprised t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis-tests, Spearman’s correlation, Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, and Cox regression. Results: A total of 141 patients with CS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation were included. Stratification by quartiles revealed that patients with the lowest lung compliance (≤23.8 mL/cmH2O) experienced the highest mortality rates (77.1% vs. 66.7% vs. 48.6% vs. 51.4%; log-rank p = 0.018) both overall and among the subgroup of CS-patients with cardiac arrest (80% vs. 74% vs. 53% vs. 59%; log-rank p = 0.037). After stratifying by the median, patients with lung compliance

Im Zuge der steigenden Beteiligung in der Hochschulbildung und der damit einhergehenden Studienheterogenität stehen die Hochschulen vor Herausforderungen im Umgang mit der Vielfältigkeit der Studierendenschaft und der Etablierung relevanter Maßnahmen, die sich auf die Lebenswelt Studierender beziehen und ihre Bedarfe in den Konzeptions- und Entwicklungsprozess integrieren. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrag wird ein studierendenzentierter Ansatz zur online-gestützten Selbsteinschätzung von Studierenden dargestellt, mit dessen Hilfe Studierende einen Einblick in ihre eigene Studiensituation und datenbasiertes, individualisiertes Feedback erhalten.

We reinvestigated the solvatochromism of 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonate (pyranine) in conjunction with that of 8-methoxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonate and of 1-hydroxypyrene (pyrenol) by use of 25 different solvents. Conclusions for the prediction of ESPT behaviour of synthetic dyes were drawn by comparison with the solvatochromism of p-hydroxystyryl Bodipy dyes. Solvents were chosen according to their Kamlet–Taft parameters αand βfor elucidating the acidicity of the dyes and the basicity of their conjugated bases in the ground and excited state. Comparison of the spectra of pyranine and pyrenol in solvents with varying β-values revealed that the acidity of both dyes is similar therein. The well-known ESPT behaviour of pyranine in water is assigned to a change of the electronic state at α-values ∼0.7 to 0.8. The high acidity of this excited state also appears in the vanishing solvatochromism of the photoproduct fluorescence. However, prediction of an ESPT tendency of synthetic dyes might fail when only fluorescence emission data are considered. We propose to refer instead to the energetic difference of the 0–0 transition in absorptiontogether with the solvatochromism of the acidic form in aprotic solvents of similar polarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  The synthesis and photophysical characterization of the phosphorylated Bodipy dye 5 are reported and compared to those of its hydroxyphenyl counterpart 1. Conversion of the latter by three methods of phosphorylation yields the strongly fluorescent dye 5 which exhibits similar steady-state spectra like 1 but an approximately five times prolonged fluorescence lifetime τFl. We attribute this distinct change from τFl = 0.7 ns for 1 to τFl = 3.7 ns for 5 to the suppression of photoinduced electron transfer in 5. This photochemical reaction was previously held responsible for fluorescence quenching in 1. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy reveals that 5 can be detected by single-molecule methods and that uncaging of phosphate in 5 is a minor problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. A projective algebraic surface which is homeomorphic to a ruled surface over a curve of genus g≥1 is itself a ruled surface over a curve of genus g. In this note, we prove the analogous result for projective algebraic manifolds of dimension 4 in the case g≥2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let $G\times X\longrightarrow X$ be an action of the reductive group $G$ on the projective scheme $X$. For every linearization $\sigma$ of this action in an ample line bundle, there is an open set $X_\sigma^{\mathrm{ss}}$ of $\sigma$-semistable points. We provide an elementary and geometric proof for the fact that there exist only finitely many open sets of the form $X_\sigma^{\mathrm{ss}}$. This observation was originally due to Bialynicki-Birula and Dolgachev and Hu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide a short proof for a semistability criterion which is crucial to the construction of master spaces which has drawn interest in recent research in Geometric Invariant Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has led to the development of targeted treatments, including the reversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib, and the irreversible ErbB family blocker afatinib. Several important activating EGFR mutations have now been identified, which correlate strongly with response to treatment with these agents. Multiple randomised controlled trials have confirmed the association between the presence of activating EGFR mutations and objective response to gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib, thus demonstrating their superiority over platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation-positive tumours, and resulting in approval of these agents for use in this setting. It can be tempting to compare outcome data across multiple clinical trials and agents; however, substantial differences in methodology between studies, including investigator versus independent assessment and differences in patient eligibility, makes such comparisons fraught with difficulty. This critical review provides an overview of the evolution of the methodology used in eight phase III trials investigating first-line targeted treatment of NSCLC, identifies key differences in methodology and reporting, and critically assesses how these differences should be taken into account when interpreting the findings from such trials.

We present a 74-year-old male with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) during treatment with ibrutinib for mantle cell lymphoma. Previously, the patient had received six cycles of bendamustine and rituximab and six cycles of R-CHOP, followed by rituximab maintenance therapy. Respiratory tract complications of ibrutinib other than infectious pneumonia have not been mentioned in larger trials, but individual case reports hinted to a possible association with the development of pneumonitis. In our patient, the onset of alveolitis that progressed towards NSIP together with the onset of ibrutinib treatment suggests causality. One week after ibrutinib was discontinued, nasal symptoms resolved first. A follow-up CT showed a reduction in the reticular hyperdensities and ground-glass opacities, suggestive of restitution of the lung disease. To our knowledge, this is the first case showing a strong link between ibrutinib and interstitial lung disease, strengthening a previous report on subacute pneumonitis. Our findings have clinical implications because pulmonary side effects were reversible at this early stage. We, therefore, suggest close monitoring for respiratory side effects in patients receiving ibrutinib.