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2. National study of child sexual abuse cases in Oman: Characteristics and medical-legal outcomes

Author

Muna Alshekaili, Mohammed Ali Al-Marzoqi, Salim Al-Huseini, M Mazharul Islam, Fatima Al-Sulaimani, Walid Hassan, Yahya Alkalbani, Mohamed Al Breiki, Abdullah Al-Madhani, Nithila Mariam Roy, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Aishwarya Ganesh, and Samir Al-Adawi

Subjects
Child sexual abuse, Forensic examination, Legal outcome, Retrospective, Survey, Prosecution of assailants, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Background: To stay abreast of the best international practices, the Arab Gulf countries have ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child Treaty, which includes clauses on safeguarding the well-being of children against child abuse and neglect. The enactment of laws, policies, and facilities designed to protect the rights of the child has not yet been studied to determine whether it leads to appropriate legal dispositions against perpetrators of child sexual abuse (CSA) in Oman. Aims: This study has been launched to address two interrelated objectives; (i) describe the characteristics of CSA victims and perpetrators and (ii) examine factors associated with medicolegal findings and judicial results for CSA complainants in Oman. Methods: Data come from a retrospective survey that covered one year from January 2017 to December 2017. Data from participants who met the study criteria were drawn from statistics published by the Oman Public Prosecution. The study was designed to obtain sociodemographic characteristics of victims and perpetrators of CSA, the types of prevalent cases of CSA, whether CSA was the result of family or extrafamilial encounters, and the characteristics of medical findings and legal results. Result: During the designated period, 269 victims and 269 defendants were identified. Most of the victims were boys (55.8 %), and their ages ranged from 9 to 15 years (mean age 12 years). Among the perpetrators, all were men, with ages ranging between 20 and 40 years (mean age 28.3 years). The vast majority (96.7 %) of reported cases were of extrafamilial type. The identified types of CSA constituted inappropriate sexual behavior towards children (63 %), followed by sodomization (26 %) and vaginal coitus (7.1 %). The factors that explained the results in favour of the victims in the medicolegal findings included the female sex of the victim (AOR = 2.78, 95%CI = 1.01–7.87), and the ages of the victim between 8 and 12 years (AOR = 4.29, 95 % CI = 1.51–12.16). Among the cases that were tried in court, 76 % were convicted and sentenced to an average of 30 months in correctional facilities. Factors associated with the conviction of the perpetrator were victims' ages between 13 and 17 years (AOR = 3.45, 95 % CI = 1.22 to 9.79), the type of abuse was sodomization (AOR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.08–6.78), and cases that included positive forensic results (AOR = 2.66, 95 % CI = 1.23 to 8.45). Discussion: To date, studies on medical-legal and judicial outcomes of CSA in developing countries have received little attention. The present sentinel study lays the foundation for future studies using the robust methodology required to further scrutinize the medicolegal findings and judicial results of CSA in similar regions of the Middle East. The present findings also suggest that the CSA trends in Oman tend to echo those reported from developed countries, but there are also culture-specific factors that shape reporting, as well as medico-legal and judicial outcomes.

Published
2024
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4. The achievement of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol target in patients with very high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk stratified by triglyceride levels despite statin-controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

Author

Al-Sabti, Hilal, Al-Hinai, Ali T, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Hashmi, Khamis, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Arafah, Mohamed, Shehab, Abdullah, Al Tamimi, Omer, Al Awadhi, Mahmoud, Al Herz, Shorook, Al Anazi, Faisal, Al Nemer, Khalid, Metwally, Othman, Alkhadra, Akram, Fakhry, Mohammed, Elghetany, Hossam, Medani, Abdel Razak, Yusufali, Afzal Hussein, Al Jassim, Obaid, Al Hallaq, Omar, Baslaib, Fahad Omar Ahmed S, Amin, Haitham, Al-Waili, Khalid, and Al-Rasadi, Khalid

Published
2022

7. Association of BMI, lipid-lowering medication, and age with prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a worldwide cross-sectional study

Author

Elshorbagy, Amany, Lyons, Alexander R.M., Vallejo-Vaz, Antonio J., Stevens, Christophe A.T., Dharmayat, Kanika I., Brandts, Julia, Catapano, Alberico L., Freiberger, Tomas, Hovingh, G. Kees, Mata, Pedro, Raal, Frederick J., Santos, Raul D., Soran, Handrean, Watts, Gerald F., Abifadel, Marianne, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Alhabib, Khalid F., Alkhnifsawi, Mutaz, Almahmeed, Wael, Alonso, Rodrigo, Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Al-Sarraf, Ahmad, Ashavaid, Tester F., Banach, Maciej, Binder, Christoph J., Bourbon, Mafalda, Brunham, Liam R., Chlebus, Krzysztof, Corral, Pablo, Cruz, Diogo, Davletov, Kairat, Descamps, Olivier S., Ezhov, Marat, Gaita, Dan, Groselj, Urh, Harada-Shiba, Mariko, Holven, Kirsten B., Kayikcioglu, Meral, Khovidhunkit, Weerapan, Lalic, Katarina, Latkovskis, Gustavs, Laufs, Ulrich, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Lima-Martinez, Marcos M., Lin, Jie, Maher, Vincent, Marais, A. David, März, Winfried, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Miserez, André R., Mitchenko, Olena, Nawawi, Hapizah, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Panayiotou, Andrie G., Paragh, György, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Pojskic, Belma, Postadzhiyan, Arman, Reda, Ashraf, Reiner, Željko, Reyes, Ximena, Sadiq, Fouzia, Sadoh, Wilson E., Schunkert, Heribert, Shek, Aleksandr B., Stroes, Erik, Su, Ta-Chen, Subramaniam, Tavintharan, Susekov, Andrey V., Tilney, Myra, Tomlinson, Brian, Truong, Thanh-Huong, Tselepis, Alexandros D., Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, Vázquez, Alejandra C., Viigimaa, Margus, Vohnout, Branislav, Wang, Luya, Yamashita, Shizuya, Arca, Marcello, Averna, Maurizio, Schreier, Laura, Pang, Jing, Ebenbichler, Christoph, Dieplinger, Hans, Innerhofer, Reinhold, Winhofer-Stöckl, Yvonne, Greber-Platzer, Susanne, Krychtiuk, Konstantin, Speidl, Walter, Toplak, Hermann, Widhalm, Kurt, Stulnig, Thomas, Huber, Kurt, Höllerl, Florian, Rega-Kaun, Gersina, Kleemann, Lucas, Mäser, Martin, Scholl-Bürgi, Sabine, Säly, Christoph, Mayer, Florian J., Sperone, Alexandra, Tanghe, Chloé, Gérard, Anne-Catherine, Pojskic, Lamija, Sisic, Ibrahim, Durak Nalbantic, Azra, Ejubovic, Malik, Jannes, Cinthia E., Pereira, Alexandre C., Krieger, Jose E., Petrov, Ivo, Goudev, Assen, Nikolov, Fedya, Tisheva, Snejana, Yotov, Yoto, Tzvetkov, Ivajlo, Baass, Alexis, Bergeron, Jean, Bernard, Sophie, Brisson, Diane, Cermakova, Lubomira, Couture, Patrick, Francis, Gordon A., Gaudet, Daniel, Hegele, Robert A., Khoury, Etienne, Mancini, G.B. John, McCrindle, Brian W., Paquette, Martine, Ruel, Isabelle, Iatan, Iulia, Cuevas, Ada, Wang, Xumin, Meng, Kang, Song, Xiantao, Yong, Qiang, Jiang, Tao, Liu, Ziyou, Duan, Yanyu, Hong, Jing, Ye, Pucong, Chen, Yan, Qi, Jianguang, Liu, Zesen, Li, Yuntao, Zhang, Chaoyi, Peng, Jie, Yang, Ya, Yu, Wei, Wang, Qian, Yuan, Hui, Cheng, Shitong, Jiang, Long, Chong, Mei, Jiao, Jian, Wu, Yue, Wen, Wenhui, Xu, Liyuan, Zhang, Ruiying, Qu, Yichen, He, Jianxun, Fan, Xuesong, Wang, Zhenjia, Chow, Elaine, Pećin, Ivan, Perica, Dražen, Symeonides, Phivos, Vrablik, Michal, Ceska, Richard, Soska, Vladimir, Tichy, Lukas, Adamkova, Vera, Franekova, Jana, Cifkova, Renata, Kraml, Pavel, Vonaskova, Katerina, Cepova, Jana, Dusejovska, Magdalena, Pavlickova, Lenka, Blaha, Vladimir, Rosolova, Hana, Nussbaumerova, Barbora, Cibulka, Roman, Vaverkova, Helena, Cibickova, Lubica, Krejsova, Zdenka, Rehouskova, Katerina, Malina, Pavel, Budikova, Milena, Palanova, Vaclava, Solcova, Lucie, Lubasova, Alena, Podzimkova, Helena, Bujdak, Juraj, Vesely, Jiri, Jordanova, Marta, Salek, Tomas, Urbanek, Robin, Zemek, Stanislav, Lacko, Jan, Halamkova, Hana, Machacova, Sona, Mala, Sarka, Cubova, Eva, Valoskova, Katerina, Burda, Lukas, Benn, Marianne, Bendary, Ahmed, Daoud, Ihab, Emil, Sameh, Elbahry, Atef, Rafla, Samir, Sanad, Osama, Kazamel, Ghada, Ashraf, Dr Mohamed, Sobhy, Mohamed, El-Hadidy, Amro, Shafy, Mohamed Abdoul, Kamal, Saif, Bendary, Mohamed, Talviste, Grete, Christmann, Jutta, Dressel, Alexander, Fath, Felix, Ferraro, Chiara, Frenzke, Lydia, Gopon, Alica, Klein, Isabel, Pienkowska, Dominika, Sietmann, Tobias, Sonntag, Antonia, Adjan, Omar, Bahrmann, Philipp, Baessler, Andrea, Barkowski, Rasmus, Beckerdjian, Raffi, Berr, Christina, Birkenfeld, Andreas, Böll, Gereon, Carstensen, Avisha, Demuth, Ilya, Finkernagel, Holger, Gouni-Berthold, Ioanna, Hahmann, Harry, Hamerle, Michael, Halder, Julian, Heide, Maria, Julius, Ulrich, Kassner, Ursula, Katzmann, Julius L, Kirschbaum, Anja, Klose, Gerald, Könemann, Stephanie, König, Christel, König, Wolfgang, Krämer, Bernhard, Kuprat, Gerrit, Koschker, Ann-Cathrin, Kilic, Özlem, Lindenmeier, Gerd, Van de Loo, Iris, Lorenz, Babette, Lorenz, Elke, Löhr, Birgit, McChord, Johanna, Maslarska, Mariya, Methe, Heiko, Merkel, Martin, Moussaoui, Zineb, Müller-Kozarez, Irina, Olivier, Christoph B, Ong, Peter, Otte, Britta, Parhofer, Klaus, Partsch, Carl-Joachim, Paulus, Michael, Pehlivanli, Sinan, Pflederer, Tobias, Pusl, Thomas, Richter, Veronika, Rosner, Stefanie, Sanin, Veronika, Schäfer, Sebastian, Schäfer, Christoph, Schatz, Ulrike, Schirmer, Stephan, Schmidt, Christine, Seeger, Wolfgang, Sisovic, Snezna, Spens, Antje, Jablonski, Ksenija Stach, Stadelmann, Alexander, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Stürzebecher, Paulina, Tafelmeier, Maria, Tillack, Dörthe, Tselmin, Sergey, Tünnemann-Tarr, Adrienn, Vogt, Anja, Beckerath, Jens von, Wilke, Andreas, Wolf, Ulrich, Zemmrich, Claudia, Rizos, Christos V., Skoumas, Ioannis, Tziomalos, Konstantinos, Rallidis, Loukianos, Kotsis, Vasileios, Doumas, Michalis, Athyros, Vasileios, Skalidis, Emmanouil, Kolovou, Genovefa, Kolovou, Vana, Garoufi, Anastasia, Bilianou, Eleni, Koutagiar, Iosif, Kiouri, Estela, Antza, Christina, Zacharis, Evangelos, Attilakos, Achilleas, Sfikas, George, Koumaras, Charalambos, Anagnostis, Panagiotis, Anastasiou, Georgia, Liamis, George, Koutsogianni, Amalia-Despoina, Petkou, Ermioni, Milionis, Haralambos, Koulouri, Anastasia, Prodromiadou, Elisavet, Karányi, Zsolt, Harangi, Mariann, Bajnok, László, Audikovszky, Mária, Márk, László, Benczúr, Béla, Reiber, István, Nagy, Gergely, Nagy, András, Reddy, Lakshmi Lavanya, Shah, Swarup A. V, Ponde, Chandrashekhar K., Dalal, Jamshed J., Sawhney, Jitendra P.S., Verma, Ishwar C., Altaey, Mays, Al-Jumaily, Khalid, Rasul, Dilshad, Abdalsahib, Ali Fawzi, Jabbar, Amer Abdl, Al-ageedi, Mohanad, Dhamin, Mohammed, AlFil, Sarmad, Khadhim, Foad, Miahy, Sabah, Agar, Ruth, Catapano, Alberico Luigi, Calandra, Sebastiano, Tarugi, Patrizia, Casula, Manuela, Galimberti, Federica, Olmastroni, Elena, Sarzani, Riccardo, Ferri, Claudio, Repetti, Elena, Piro, Salvatore, Suppressa, Patrizia, Meregalli, Giancarla, Borghi, Claudio, Muntoni, Sandro, Calabrò, Paolo, Cipollone, Francesco, Purrello, Francesco, Pujia, Arturo, Passaro, Angelina, Marcucci, Rossella, Pecchioli, Valerio, Pisciotta, Livia, Mandraffino, Giuseppe, Pellegatta, Fabio, Mombelli, Giuliana, Branchi, Adriana, Fiorenza, Anna Maria, Pederiva, Cristina, Werba, Josè Pablo, Parati, Gianfranco, Carubbi, Francesca, Iughetti, Lorenzo, Fortunato, Giuliana, Iannuzzi, Arcangelo, Iannuzzo, Gabriella, Cefalù, Angelo Baldassare, Biasucci, Giacomo, Zambon, Sabina, Pirro, Matteo, Sbrana, Francesco, Trenti, Chiara, D'Erasmo, Laura, Federici, Massimo, Ben, Maria Del, Bartuli, Andrea, Giaccari, Andrea, Pipolo, Antonio, Citroni, Nadia, Guardamagna, Ornella, Lia, Salvatore, Benso, Andrea, Biolo, Gianni, Maroni, Lorenzo, Lupi, Alessandro, Bonanni, Luca, Rinaldi, Elisabetta, Zenti, Maria Grazia, Matsuki, Kota, Hori, Mika, Ogura, Masatsune, Masuda, Daisaku, Kobayashi, Takuya, Nagahama, Kumiko, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Radovic, Mirjana, Lunegova, Olga, Bektasheva, Erkayim, Abilova, Saamay, Erglis, Andrejs, Gilis, Dainus, Nesterovics, Georgijs, Saripo, Vita, Meiere, Ruta, Skudrina, Gunda, Terauda, Elizabete, Jambart, Selim, Ayoub, Carine, Ghaleb, Youmna, Aliosaitiene, Urte, Kutkiene, Sandra, Abdul Kadir, Siti Hamimah Sheikh, Kasim, Noor Alicezah Mohd, Nor, Noor Shafina Mohd, Abdul Hamid, Hasidah, Abdul Razak, Suraya, Al-Khateeb, Alyaa, Abd Muid, Suhaila, Abdul Rahman, Thuhairah, Kasim, Sazzli Shahlan, Radzi, Ahmad Bakhtiar Md, Ibrahim, Khairul Shafiq, Rosli, Marshima Mohd, Razali, Rafezah, Chua, Yung An, Razman, Aimi Zafira, Nazli, Sukma Azureen, Aziz, Nazirul, Rosman, Azhari, Abdul Murad, NorAzian, Jalaludin, Mohd Amin, Abdul Latif, Ahmad Zubaidi, Azzopardi, C., Mehta, Roopa, Martagon, Alexandro J., Ramirez, Gabriela A. Galan, Villa, Neftali E Antonio, Vazquez, Arsenio Vargas, Elias-Lopez, Daniel, Retana, Gustavo Gonzalez, Rodriguez, Betsabel, Macías, Jose J. Ceballos, Zazueta, Alejandro Romero, Alvarado, Rocio Martinez, Portano, Julieta D. Morales, Lopez, Humberto Alvares, Sauque-Reyna, Leobardo, Herrera, Laura G. Gomez, Mendia, Luis E. Simental, Aguilar, Humberto Garcia, Cooremans, Elizabeth Ramirez, Aparicio, Berenice Peña, Zubieta, Victoria Mendoza, Gonzalez, Perla A. Carrillo, Ferreira-Hermosillo, Aldo, Portilla, Nacu Caracas, Dominguez, Guadalupe Jimenez, Garcia, Alinna Y. Ruiz, Cazares, Hector E. Arriaga, Gonzalez, Jesus R., Valencia, Carla V. Mendez, Padilla, Francisco G., Prado, Ramon Madriz, Ibarra, Manuel O. De los Rios, Villicaña, Ruy D. Arjona, Rivera, Karina J. Acevedo, Carrera, Ricardo Allende, Alvarez, Jose A., Martinez, Jose C. Amezcua, Bustillo, Manuel de los Reyes Barrera, Vargas, Gonzalo Carazo, Chacon, Roberto Contreras, Andrade, Mario H. Figueroa, Ortega, Ashanty Flores, Alcala, Hector Garcia, de Leon, Laura E. Garcia, Guzman, Berenice Garcia, Garcia, Jose J. Garduño, Cuellar, Juan C. Garnica, Cruz, Jose R. Gomez, Garcia, Anell Hernandez, Almada, Jesus R. Holguin, Herrera, Ursulo Juarez, Sobrevilla, Fabiola Lugo, Rodriguez, Eduardo Marquez, Sibaja, Cristina Martinez, Rodriguez, Alma B. Medrano, Oyervides, Jose C. Morales, Vazquez, Daniel I. Perez, Rodriguez, Eduardo A. Reyes, Osorio, Ma. Ludivina Robles, Saucedo, Juan Rosas, Tamayo, Margarita Torres, Talavera, Luis A. Valdez, Arroyo, Luis E. Vera, Carrillo, Eloy A. Zepeda, Stroes, Erik S, Defesche, J, Zuurbier, L, Reeskamp, L, Ibrahim, S, Roeters van Lennep, Jeanine, Wiegman, Albert, Isara, Alphonsus, Obaseki, Darlington E., Al-Waili, Khalid, Al-Zadjali, Fahad, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Kindi, Mohammed, Al-Mukhaini, Suad, Al-Barwani, Hamida, Rana, Asim, Shah, Lahore Saeed Ullah, Al-Nouri, Fahad, Starostecka, Ewa, Konopka, Agnieszka, Bielecka-Dabrowa, Agata, Lewek, Joanna, Sosnowska, Bozena, Gąsior, Mariusz, Dyrbuś, Krzysztof, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Pajkowski, Marcin, Romanowska-Kocejko, Marzena, Żarczyńska-Buchowiecka, Marta, Chmara, Magdalena, Wasąg, Bartosz, Stróżyk, Aneta, Michalska-Grzonkowska, Aleksandra, Medeiros, Ana Margarida, Alves, Ana Catarina, Silva, Francisco, Lobarinhas, Goreti, Palma, Isabel, de Moura, Jose Pereira, Rico, Miguel Toscano, Rato, Quitéria, Pais, Patrícia, Correia, Susana, Moldovan, Oana, Virtuoso, Maria João, Araujo, Francisco, Salgado, Jose Miguel, Colaço, Ines, Dumitrescu, Andreea, Lengher, Calin, Mosteoru, Svetlana, Meshkov, Alexey, Ershova, Alexandra, Rozhkova, Tatiana, Korneva, Victoria, Yu, Kuznetsova T., Zafiraki, Vitaliy, Voevoda, Mikhail, Gurevich, Victor, Duplyakov, Dmitry, Ragino, Yulia, Chubykina, Uliana, Shaposhnik, Igor, Alkaf, Fahmi, Khudari, Alia, Rwaili, Nawal, Al-Allaf, Faisal, Alghamdi, Mohammad, Batais, Mohammed A, Almigbal, Turky H, Kinsara, Abdulhalim, AlQudaimi, Ashraf Hammouda Ahmed, Awan, Zuhier, Elamin, Omer A, Altaradi, Hani, Popovic, Ljiljana, Singh, Sandra, Rasulic, Iva, Petakov, Ana, Lalic, Nebojsa M., Lam, Carolyn, Le, Tan Ju, Siang, Eric Lim Tien, Dissanayake, Sanjaya, I-Shing, Justin Tang, Shyong, Tai E, Jin, Terrance Chua Siang, Ting, Sharon Pek Li, Ming, Jeremy Hoe Kian, Drum, Chester Lee, Nastar, Fathima Ashna, Jia, Loh Wann, Ya, Natalie Koh Si, Jie, Marvin Chua Wei, Dalan, Rinkoo, Wei, Yong Quek, sian, Tiong Yee, Keong, Yeo Khung, Rong, Siau Kai, Jin, Darren Seah Ee, Ming, Ian Koh Jan, Chang, Tan Hong, Peng, Fabian Yap Kok, Vasanwala, Rashida Farhad, Raslova, Katarina, Balinth, Karin, Buganova, Ingrid, Fabryova, Lubomira, Kadurova, Michaela, Klabnik, Alexander, Kozárová, Miriam, Sirotiakova, Jana, Battelino, Tadej, Cevc, Matija, Debeljak, Marusa, Torkar, Ana Drole, Fras, Zlatko, Jug, Borut, Cugalj, Barbara Kern, Kovac, Jernej, Mlinaric, Matej, Sikonja, Jaka, Pilcher, Gillian Joan, Blom, D J, Wolmarans, K H, Brice, B C, Muñiz-Grijalvo, Ovidio, Díaz-Díaz, Jose Luis, de Isla, Leopoldo Pérez, Fuentes, Francisco, Badimon, Lina, Martin, François, Miserez, Eleonore B., Shipton, Janine L., Ganokroj, Poranee, Chattranukulchai, Pairoj, Jiamjarasrungsi, Wiroj, Thongtang, Nuntakorn, Krittayaphong, Rungroj, Vathesatogkit, Prin, Sriphrapradang, Chutintorn, Phimphilai, Mattabhorn, Leelawattana, Rattana, Anthanont, Pimjai, Suraamornkul, Swangjit, Deerochanawong, Chaicharn, Senthong, Vichai, Torpongpun, Artit, Suteerayongprasert, Panuwat, Pengpong, Nawarat, Sathavarodom, Nattapol, Sunanta, Usanee, Porntharukchareon, Thachanun, Kiatpanabhikul, Phatharaporn, Kaewkrasaesin, Chatchon, Kongkit, Jaruwan, Umphonsathien, Mongkontida, Akbulut, Mehmet, Alici, Gökhan, Bayram, Fahri, Can, Levent Hürkan, Celik, Ahmet, Ceyhan, Ceyhun, Coskun, Fatma Yilmaz, Demir, Mesut, Demircan, Sabri, Dogan, Volkan, Durakoglugil, Emre, Dural, İbrahim Etem, Gedikli, Omer, Hacioglu, Aysa, Ildizli, Muge, Kilic, Salih, Kirilmaz, Bahadir, Kutlu, Merih, Oguz, Aytekin, Ozdogan, Oner, Onrat, Ersel, Ozer, Savas, Sabuncu, Tevfik, Sahin, Tayfun, Sivri, Fatih, Sonmez, Alper, Temizhan, Ahmet, Topcu, Selim, Tokgozoglu, Lale, Tuncez, Abdullah, Vural, Mirac, Yenercag, Mustafa, Yesilbursa, Dilek, Yigit, Zerrin, Yildirim, Aytul Belgi, Yildirir, Aylin, Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan, Atallah, Bassam, Traina, Mahmoud, Sabbour, Hani, Abdul Hay, Dana, Luqman, Neama, Elfatih, Abubaker, Abdulrasheed, Arshad, Manla, Yosef, Kwok, See, DellOca, Nicolas, Alieva, Rano B., Fozilov, Khurshid G., Hoshimov, Shavkat U., Nizamov, Ulugbek I., Kan, Liliya E., Kim, Andrey R., Abdullaeva, Guzal J., Abdullaev, Alisher A., Do, Doan Loi, Nguyen, Mai Ngoc Thi, Kim, Ngoc Thanh, Le, Thanh Tung, Le, Hong An, and Ray, Kausik K.

Published
2024
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9. Prognostic Role of Ultrasound Diagnostic Methods in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Author

Zhanna D. Kobalava, Tolkacheva Veronika Vladimirovna, Sarlykov Bekbolot Kanatbekovich, Rena Sh Aslanova, Lapshin Artem Alekseevich, Nazarov Ivan Sergeevich, Smirnov Ilya Pavlovich, Maria V Vatsik-Gorodetskaya, Ghazaal Alavi Tabatabaei, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Mohammed Al Jarallah, Georgiana Luisa Baca, Peter A Brady, Rajesh Rajan, and Bhavesh Talera

Subjects
heart failure, assessment, patient outcomes, survival, prognosis, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives:To evaluate the prognostic value (total mortality + repeated hospitalization for heart failure (HF)) of ultrasound diagnostic methods in patients with acute decompensated HF (ADHF). Methods: The subjects were patients with chronic HF, who were hospitalized for ADHF. Using ultrasound methods—lung ultrasound, ultrasound assessment of hepatic venous congestion as per the venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) protocol, and indirect elastometry—we assessed the number of B-lines, hepatic venous congestion, and liver density of the patients. Clinical outcomes were assessed using a structured telephone survey method at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge. Combined overall mortality and readmission rates associated with HF were assessed. Threshold values for different methods for detecting congestion were set as follows: the number of B-lines in ultrasound data > 5; liver density > 6.2 kPa. Results: The subjects were 207 patients (54.1% male; mean age = 70.7 ± 12.8 years). A total of 63 (30.4%) endpoints and 23 (11.1%) deaths were detected within 364 days (IQR = 197–365). Liver density > 6.2 kPa had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.9 ( 95% CI: 1.0–3.3; p =0.029). Hepatic venous congestion (VExUS protocol) had HR of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.3–5.7; p =0.004). There was a significant increase in the risk of overall prognostic value in the presence of congestion, identified by liver fibroelastometry + lung ultrasound (HR = 10.5, 95% CI: 2.3–46.2; p =0.002). The ultrasound assessment of hepatic venous congestion (VExUS + lung ultrasound protocol) yielded HR of 16.7 (95% CI: 3.9–70.7; p < 0.001). For all three methods combined, the overall HR was 40.1 (95% CI: 6.6–243.1; p < 0.001). Conclusions: A combination of ultrasound diagnostic methods that include the number of B-lines, presence of hepatic venous congestion according to the VExUS protocol, and liver density according to indirect elastometry at discharge may have an independent prognostic value for patients with ADHF.

Published
2024
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11. Morbidity and mortality of acute heart failure patients stratified by mitral regurgitation in the Arabian Gulf: Observations from the Gulf acute heart failure registry (Gulf CARE)

Author

AlObaid, Laura, Rajan, Rajesh, Al Jarallah, Mohammed, Dashti, Raja, Bulbanat, Bassam, Ridha, Mustafa, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A., Panduranga, Prashanth, AlHabib, Khalid F., Al Suwaidi, Jassim, Al-Mahmeed, Wael, AlFaleh, Hussam, Elasfar, Abdelfatah, Al-Motarreb, Ahmed, Bazargani, Nooshin, Asaad, Nidal, Amin, Haitham, Kobalava, Zhanna, Brady, Peter A., Baca, Georgiana Luisa, and Al-Saber, Ahmad

Published
2023
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12. An agent-based variogram modeller : investigating intelligent, distributed-component Geographical Information Systems

Author

Al Zakwani, A.

Abstract

Geo-Information Science (GIScience) is the field of study that addresses substantive questions concerning the handling, analysis and visualisation of spatial data. Geo-Information Systems (GIS), including software, data acquisition and organisational arrangements, are the key technologies underpinning GIScience. A GIS is normally tailored to the service it is supposed to perform. However, there is often the need to do a function that might not be supported by the GIS tool being used. The normal solution in these circumstances is to go out and look for another tool that can do the service, and often an expert to use that tool. This is expensive, time consuming and certainly stressful to the geographical data analyses. On the other hand, GIS is often used in conjunction with other technologies to form a geocomputational environment. One of the complex tools in geocomputation is geostatistics. One of its functions is to provide the means to determine the extent of spatial dependencies within geographical data and processes. Spatial datasets are often large and complex. Currently Agent system are being integrated into GIS to offer flexibility and allow better data analysis. The theis will look into the current application of Agents in within the GIS community, determine if they are used to representing data, process or act a service. The thesis looks into proving the applicability of an agent-oriented paradigm as a service based GIS, having the possibility of providing greater interoperability and reducing resource requirements (human and tools). In particular, analysis was undertaken to determine the need to introduce enhanced features to agents, in order to maximise their effectiveness in GIS. This was achieved by addressing the software agent complexity in design and implementation for the GIS environment and by suggesting possible solutions to encountered problems. The software agent characteristics and features (which include the dynamic binding of plans to software agents in order to tackle the levels of complexity and range of contexts) were examined, as well as discussing current GIScience and the applications of agent technology to GIS, agents as entities, objects and processes. These concepts and their functionalities to GIS are then analysed and discussed. The extent of agent functionality, analysis of the gaps and the use these technologies to express a distributed service providing an agent-based GIS framework is then presented. Thus, a general agent-based framework for GIS and a novel agent-based architecture for a specific part of GIS, the variogram, to examine the applicability of the agent- oriented paradigm to GIS, was devised. An examination of the current mechanisms for constructing variograms, underlying processes and functions was undertaken, then these processes were embedded into a novel agent architecture for GIS. Once the successful software agent implementation had been achieved, the corresponding tool was tested and validated - internally for code errors and externally to determine its functional requirements and whether it enhances the GIS process of dealing with data. Thereafter, its compared with other known service based GIS agents and its advantages and disadvantages analysed.

Published
2021
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14. Early prone versus supine positioning in moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Author

Al Hashim, Abdul Hakeem, Al Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al Jadidi, Abdullah, Al Harthi, Ruqaiya, Al Naabi, Maadh, Biyappu, Ramakrishna, Kodange, Sonali, Asati, Naveen Kumar, Al Barhi, Tamadher, Mohan, Mudhun, Jagadeesan, Jayachandiran, Sachez, Micheline, Sycaayao, Praisemabel S, Al Amrani, Khalfan, Al Khalili, Huda, Al Mamari, Rashid, and Al-Busaidi, Mujahid

Published
2023

16. Global distributions of age- and sex-related arterial stiffness: systematic review and meta-analysis of 167 studies with 509,743 participants

Author

Aguilar, David, Al-Hashmi, Khamis M., Alvim, Rafael O., Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim S., Antza, Christina, Cicero, Arrigo F.G., Avramovska, Maja, Avramovski, Petar, Baek, Hyun Jae, Bäck, Magnus, Bailey, Kent, Baldo, Marcelo P., Batista, Rosângela F.L., Benetos, Athanasios, Benjamin, Emelia J., Bia, Daniel, Borghi, Claudio, Roux, Shani Botha-Le, Breet, Yolandi, Burgner, David, Cardoso, Viviane C., Cecelja, Marina, Ceponiene, Indre, Chen, Chen-Huan, Cheung, Michael, Cheng, Hao-min, Cho, Jaegeol, Chowienczyk, Phil, Coelho, Eduardo B., Cseprekal, Orsolya, Silva, Amilcar BT Da, Dallaire, Frédéric, Cunha, Roberto De Sá, Diaz, Alejandro, Ferreira, Albano V.L., Ferrières, Jean, Furuta, Yoshihiko, Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A., Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia, Halcox, Julian, Hanis, Craig, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Jaeggi, Edgar, Kavousi, Maryam, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kim, Hack-Lyoung, Kim, Mi-Kyung, Kim, Yu-Mi, Kis, Eva, Knoflach, Michael, Kotsis, Vasilios, Koyama, Teruhide, Kozakova, Michaela, Kruger, Ruan, Kullo, Iftikhar J., Kweon, Sun-Seog, Lambrinoudaki, Irene, Liu, Chang, Loeffler, Markus, Logan, Jeongok G., Maddock, Jane, Magalhães, Pedro, Maldonado, João, Mattace-Raso, Francesco U.S., Messner, Alex, Meyer, Michelle L., Mi, Jie, Mill, José Geraldo, Mitchell, Gary F., Mu, Jian-Jun, Muhammad, Iram F., Nairz, Johannes, Nakagomi, Atsushi, Nakamura, Mieko, Nilson, Peter M., Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Palombo, Carlo, Pereira, Alexandre C., Pereira, Telmo, Capingana, Daniel P., Poon, Anna K., Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Quyyumi, Arshed A., Reusz, George S., Rhee, Moo-Yong, Ribeiro, Cecilia C.C., Rietzschel, Ernst, Rocha, Paulo R.H., Rodilla, Enrique, Rojek, Marta, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Rutten, Joost H.W., Saijo, Yasuaki, Salvi, Paolo, Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno, Scholz, Markus, Shin, Min-Ho, Segers, Patrick, Stamatelopoulos, Kimon, Strazhesko, Irina D., Sugiura, Minoru, Tkacheva, Olga N., Tomiyama, Hirofumi, Urbina, Elaine M., van den Munckhof, Inge C.L., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Wake, Melissa A., Wannamethee, Goya, Wong, Andrew, Yamashina, Akira, Yan, Yinkun, Zaniqueli, Divanei, Zhu, Fang, Zócalo, Yanina, Lu, Yao, Kiechl, Sophia J., Wang, Jie, Xu, Qingbo, Kiechl, Stefan, and Pechlaner, Raimund

Published
2023
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17. Enhancing Omani EFL learning environments : a participatory action research study into the application and development of an appropriate SOLE pedagogy

Author

Al Zakwani, Malik Hamed Saif

Abstract

This researcher explored English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students' experiences in learning English using Self-Organized Learning Environments (SOLEs) within the context of their English foundation year in a college setting in Oman. Three purposes guided this research: 1. to explore Omani EFL students' experience of and orientation toward SOLEs, 2. to investigate whether SOLE pedagogy is able to facilitate an effective English language learning environment for Omani students and 3. to theorize a model for effective and impactful SOLE adoption within an EFL learning context. Most of the previous studies on SOLEs have only examined students' achievements in SOLEs but have not explored participants' views, emotions and criticism of the new learning environment, a considerable omission from the research since SOLEs purport to be precisely a learning environment that is able to be responsive to and malleable and mutable by the participants themselves. Using a participatory action research design, data sources included a series of diaries, semi-structured interviews, focus groups and the researcher's field notes. Interaction between the researcher and participants and among participants themselves helped to ensure the rigour of this research. Throughout the research, participants were involved in expressing their ideas and thoughts about SOLEs and in decision-making as they were offered numerous opportunities to continually reflect upon and refine their thoughts. The results indicated that SOLEs can be a successful EFL pedagogical approach but any SOLE utilised for this purpose has to undergo structural changes which include the nature and role of big questions and the role of teachers. Results indicated that teachers should take more roles, such as, supervise, monitor, and adopt different behaviours, such as remaining in the classroom, supporting, encouraging and grouping students when appropriate. Results also indicated that big questions should not be the only questions asked. Some strengths of SOLEs that were indicated by the results include the suitability of SOLEs for tertiary level education, boosting learning and cooperation, giving students some freedom, creating the possibility for student autonomy, empowering students, allowing the use of the Internet, suitability for different learning styles, and motivating students in ways hitherto iii unacknowledged by teachers. These results together form the contribution and significance of this empirical study. This empirical study assists in understanding the construction of an effective English language learning environment in an under-researched international context. It also contributes to previous and ongoing studies that investigate SOLEs in different contexts and fields to explore and examine their impact on students' experiences. This study concludes with implications for future studies that include the investigation of SOLEs in relation to student retention and achievement in language learning courses.

Published
2020

20. Impact of Clinical Pharmacists-driven Bundled Activities from Admission to Discharge on 90-day Hospital Readmissions and Emergency Department Visits

Author

Bayan Muhannad Al Abd, Juhaina Salim Al-Maqbali, and Ibrahim Al-Zakwani

Subjects
patient readmission, patient discharge, pharmacists, hospitalization, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: Patient-centered clinical pharmacists’ activities play a major role in improving clinical outcomes by optimizing the efficacy of drug therapies and minimizing associated toxicities during hospitalization, at the transition of care, and upon discharge. We aimed to compare the impact of comprehensive versus partial clinical pharmacists-driven bundled of care services on the rate of 90-day hospital readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits. Methods: This retrospective study included all admitted patients who received a comprehensive or partial bundle of clinical pharmacy services (medication history, interventions, counseling, and discharge prescription review) from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2021 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital. The comprehensive bundle of care included the four services, while the partial bundle of care included one, two, or three services only. Analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Results: The study included 430 patients with a mean age of 56.0±21.0 years, and 43.7% (n = 188) were male. Of the patients, 12.1% (n = 52) received a comprehensive bundle of care. Compared with the partial bundle of care group, the comprehensive bundle of care group had significantly more patients with diabetes (65.4% vs. 42.9%; p =0.002), ≥ 3 comorbidities (50.0% vs. 29.4%; p =0.003), and polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications) (73.1% vs. 46.0%; p < 0.001). The comprehensive bundle of care group was significantly associated with a lower 90-day readmission rate (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.90–0.82; p =0.021) but not with ED visits (aOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.13–2.57; p =0.461). Conclusions: This study demonstrated a significant reduction in the 90-day readmission rate for patients on a comprehensive bundle of care but not ED visits. These findings emphasize the importance of the comprehensive services provided by clinical pharmacists on the healthcare resources use and clinical outcomes.

Published
2023
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21. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of Children Younger than 12 Years: Experience from a Tertiary Outpatient Clinic

Author

Moataz Mohamed Hassan, Laila Al Yazidi, Nagi Elsidig, Mohamed Al Falahi, Najah Salmi, Yahya Al-Jaffari, Labiba Al-Amri, Huyam Zeiidan, and Ibrahim Al-Zakwani

Subjects
vaccine hesitancy, children, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Oman, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract

This study explored parents’ attitudes towards vaccinating their children against COVID-19 and the rate of vaccine hesitancy in Oman. A cross-sectional, online, self-administered questionnaire, previously validated and administered between June 2021 and May 2022, was used. The questionnaire consisted of nine items. Parents of children younger than 12 years were eligible for participation. A total of 384 participants, including 207 males (54%), completed the questionnaire, resulting in an 86% response rate (384/447). The results showed that 69% of participants were hesitant to vaccinate their children aged 1–11 years. In parents of children aged 1–4 years, vaccination status was significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy (odds ratio [OR], 0.116; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.044–0.306; p = 0.001). Furthermore, after multivariable analysis, compared to the fathers, mothers were significantly less likely to be associated with vaccine hesitancy (OR, 0.451; 95% CI, 0.240–0.848; p = 0.013).

Published
2024
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23. Development and Validation of R-hf Risk Score in Acute Heart Failure Patients in the Middle East

Author

Rajesh Rajan, Mohammed Al Jarallah, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Raja Dashti, Kadhim Sulaiman, Prashanth Panduranga, Peter A Brady, and Zhanna Kobalava

Subjects
heart failure, chronic kidney diseases, ventricular dysfunction, left, mortality, arabia, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: The Rajan’s heart failure (R-hf) score was proposed to aid risk stratification in heart failure patients. The aim of this study was to validate R-hf risk score in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Methods: R-hf risk score is derived from the product estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min), left ventricular ejection fraction (%), and hemoglobin levels (g/dL) divided by N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL). This was a multinational, multicenter, prospective registry of heart failure from seven countries in the Middle East. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was applied. Results: A total of 776 patients (mean age = 62.0±14.0 years, 62.4% males; mean left ventricular ejection fraction = 33.0±14.0%) were included. Of these, 459 (59.1%) presented with acute decompensated chronic heart failure. The R-hf risk score group (≤ 5) was marginally associated with a higher risk of all-cause cumulative mortality at three months (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.28; 95% CI: 0.90–20.30; p =0.067) and significantly at 12 months (aOR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.23–12.00; p =0.021) when compared to those with the highest R score group (≥ 50). Conclusions: Lower R-hf risk scores are associated with increased risk of all-cause cumulative mortality at three and 12 months.

Published
2023
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24. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality among patients with SARS-CoV-2: A retrospective study

Author

Al-Mazedi, Maryam Salah, Rajan, Rajesh, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Dashti, Raja, Al Saber, Ahmad, Pan, Jiazhu, Zhanna, Kobalava D., Abdelnaby, Hassan, Aboelhassan, Wael, Almutairi, Farah, Alotaibi, Naser, Al Saleh, Mohammad, AlNasrallah, Noor, Al-Bader, Bader, Malhas, Haya, Ramadhan, Maryam, Brady, Peter A., Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Setiya, Parul, Abdullah, Mohammed, Alroomi, Moudhi, and Tse, Gary

Published
2022
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26. Antibiotics utilization patterns and dosage appropriateness among patients receiving hemodialysis

Author

Najwa Al Himali, Yousuf M. Al Suleimani, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, and Aly M. Abdelrahman

Subjects
Hemodialysis, Antibiotics, Utilization patterns, Appropriateness, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge, with a reported prevalence of around 10%. Prescribing for patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) is challenging and complicated by polypharmacy, comorbidities, and changes in clearance of medications. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotics utilization patterns and dosage appropriateness in patients receiving HD at a tertiary hospital. A retrospective study was carried on 287 adult inpatients, who received HD and at least one antibiotic in a tertiary hospital in Oman. Data were extracted using the hospital’s electronic patient information system. Dosage appropriateness was assessed by identifying the dosage and frequency of prescribed antibiotics and comparing them with international guidelines. The main outcome measures were antibiotics utilization patterns and dosing inappropriateness. The most commonly prescribed parenteral antibiotic was piperacillin + tazobactam (20%), while the most common prescribed oral antibiotic was azithromycin (41.7%). For prophylaxis, cefazolin (54.6%) was the main antibiotic prescribed. The most commonly used antibiotic for external use was mupirocin ointment (38.5%). The overall dosing inappropriateness was 29.5%. Vancomycin was the most common parenteral antibiotic subjected to dosing inappropriateness (19.8%). However, trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole was more inappropriately prescribed among the oral route (28.6%).In conclusion, the most utilized antibiotic was piperacillin + tazobactam followed by vancomycin. The study reported some inappropriate dosing of antibiotics. Such a study opens the door for the establishment of local guidelines for the improved practice of antibiotics use in HD patients.

Published
2022
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30. Early Prone versus Supine Positioning in Moderate to Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Author

Abdul Hakeem Al Hashim, Ibrahim Al Zakwani, Abdullah Al Jadidi, Ruqaiya Al Harthi, Maadh Al Naabi, Ramakrishna Biyappu, Sonali Kodange, Naveen Kumar Asati, Tamadher Al Barhi, Mudhun Mohan, Jayachandiran Jagadeesan, Micheline Sachez, Praisemabel S. Sycaayao, Khalfan Al Amrani, Huda Al Khalili, Rashid Al Mamari, and Mujahid Al-Busaidi

Subjects
respiratory distress syndrome, positive-pressure respiration, prone position, retrospective studies, covid-19, oman, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to determine whether early prone positioning of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) lowers the mortality rate. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using data from intensive care units of two tertiary centers in Oman. Adult patients with moderate to severe COVID-19-related ARDS with a PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 150 on FiO2 of 60% or more and a positive end-expiratory pressure of at least 8 cm H2O who were admitted between 1 May 2020 and 31 October 2020 were selected as participants. All patients were intubated and subjected to mechanical ventilation within 48 hours of admission and placed in either prone or supine position. Mortality was measured and compared between the patients from the two groups. Results: A total of 235 patients were included (120 in the prone group and 115 in the supine group). There were no significant differences in mortality (48.3% vs. 47.8%; p =0.938) and discharge rates (50.8% vs. 51.3%; p =0.942) between the prone and supine groups, respectively. Conclusions: Early prone positioning of patients with COVID-19-related ARDS does not result in a significant reduction in mortality.

Published
2023
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31. Global perspective of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study from the EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC)

Author

Vallejo-Vaz, Antonio J., Stevens, Christophe A.T., Lyons, Alexander R.M., Dharmayat, Kanika I., Freiberger, Tomas, Hovingh, G. Kees, Mata, Pedro, Raal, Frederick J., Santos, Raul D., Soran, Handrean, Watts, Gerald F., Abifadel, Marianne, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Alhabib, Khalid F., Alkhnifsawi, Mutaz, Almahmeed, Wael, Alnouri, Fahad, Alonso, Rodrigo, Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Al-Sarraf, Ahmad, Al-Sayed, Nasreen, Araujo, Francisco, Ashavaid, Tester F., Banach, Maciej, Béliard, Sophie, Benn, Marianne, Binder, Christoph J., Bogsrud, Martin P., Bourbon, Mafalda, Chlebus, Krzysztof, Corral, Pablo, Davletov, Kairat, Descamps, Olivier S., Durst, Ronen, Ezhov, Marat, Gaita, Dan, Genest, Jacques, Groselj, Urh, Harada-Shiba, Mariko, Holven, Kirsten B., Kayikcioglu, Meral, Khovidhunkit, Weerapan, Lalic, Katarina, Latkovskis, Gustavs, Laufs, Ulrich, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Lima-Martinez, Marcos M., Lin, Jie, Maher, Vincent, Marais, A. David, März, Winfried, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Miserez, André R., Mitchenko, Olena, Nawawi, Hapizah, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Panayiotou, Andrie G., Paragh, György, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Pojskic, Belma, Postadzhiyan, Arman, Raslova, Katarina, Reda, Ashraf, Reiner, Željko, Sadiq, Fouzia, Sadoh, Wilson Ehidiamen, Schunkert, Heribert, Shek, Aleksandr B., Stoll, Mario, Stroes, Erik, Su, Ta-Chen, Subramaniam, Tavintharan, Susekov, Andrey V., Tilney, Myra, Tomlinson, Brian, Truong, Thanh Huong, Tselepis, Alexandros D., Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, Vázquez Cárdenas, Alejandra, Viigimaa, Margus, Wang, Luya, Yamashita, Shizuya, Kastelein, John J.P., Bruckert, Eric, Vohnout, Branislav, Schreier, Laura, Pang, Jing, Ebenbichler, Christoph, Dieplinger, Hans, Innerhofer, Reinhold, Winhofer-Stöckl, Yvonne, Greber-Platzer, Susanne, Krychtiuk, Konstantin, Speidl, Walter, Toplak, Hermann, Widhalm, Kurt, Stulnig, Thomas, Huber, Kurt, Höllerl, Florian, Rega-Kaun, Gersina, Kleemann, Lucas, Mäser, Martin, Scholl-Bürgi, Sabine, Säly, Christoph, Mayer, Florian J., Sablon, Gaelle, Tarantino, Eric, Nzeyimana, Charlotte, Pojskic, Lamija, Sisic, Ibrahim, Nalbantic, Azra D., Jannes, Cinthia E., Pereira, Alexandre C., Krieger, Jose E., Petrov, Ivo, Goudev, Assen, Nikolov, Fedya, Tisheva, Snejana, Yotov, Yoto, Tzvetkov, Ivajlo, Baass, Alexis, Bergeron, Jean, Bernard, Sophie, Brisson, Diane, Brunham, Liam R., Cermakova, Lubomira, Couture, Patrick, Francis, Gordon A., Gaudet, Daniel, Hegele, Robert A., Khoury, Etienne, Mancini, G.B. John, McCrindle, Brian W., Paquette, Martine, Ruel, Isabelle, Cuevas, Ada, Asenjo, Sylvia, Wang, Xumin, Meng, Kang, Song, Xiantao, Yong, Qiang, Jiang, Tao, Liu, Ziyou, Duan, Yanyu, Hong, Jing, Ye, Pucong, Chen, Yan, Qi, Jianguang, Liu, Zesen, Li, Yuntao, Zhang, Chaoyi, Peng, Jie, Yang, Ya, Yu, Wei, Wang, Qian, Yuan, Hui, Cheng, Shitong, Jiang, Long, Chong, Mei, Jiao, Jian, Wu, Yue, Wen, Wenhui, Xu, Liyuan, Zhang, Ruiying, Qu, Yichen, He, Jianxun, Fan, Xuesong, Wang, Zhenjia, Chow, Elaine, Pećin, Ivan, Perica, Dražen, Symeonides, Phivos, Vrablik, Michal, Ceska, Richard, Soska, Vladimir, Tichy, Lukas, Adamkova, Vera, Franekova, Jana, Cifkova, Renata, Kraml, Pavel, Vonaskova, Katerina, Cepova, Jana, Dusejovska, Magdalena, Pavlickova, Lenka, Blaha, Vladimir, Rosolova, Hana, Nussbaumerova, Barbora, Cibulka, Roman, Vaverkova, Helena, Cibickova, Lubica, Krejsova, Zdenka, Rehouskova, Katerina, Malina, Pavel, Budikova, Milena, Palanova, Vaclava, Solcova, Lucie, Lubasova, Alena, Podzimkova, Helena, Bujdak, Juraj, Vesely, Jiri, Jordanova, Marta, Salek, Tomas, Urbanek, Robin, Zemek, Stanislav, Lacko, Jan, Halamkova, Hana, Machacova, Sona, Mala, Sarka, Cubova, Eva, Valoskova, Katerina, Burda, Lukas, Bendary, Ahmed, Daoud, Ihab, Emil, Sameh, Elbahry, Atef, Rafla, Samir, Sanad, Osama, Kazamel, Ghada, Ashraf, Mohamed, Sobhy, Mohamed, El-Hadidy, Amro, Shafy, Mohamed A., Kamal, Saif, Bendary, Mohamed, Talviste, Grete, Angoulvant, Denis, Boccara, Franck, Cariou, Bertrand, Carreau, Valérie, Carrie, Alain, Charrieres, Sybil, Cottin, Yves, Di-Fillipo, Mathilde, Ducluzeau, Pierre H., Dulong, Sonia, Durlach, Vincent, Farnier, Michel, Ferrari, Emile, Ferrieres, Dorota, Ferrieres, Jean, Gallo, Antonio, hankard, Regis, Inamo, Jocelyne, Lemale, Julie, Moulin, Philippe, Paillard, François, Peretti, Noel, Perrin, Agnès, Pradignac, Alain, Rabes, Jean P., Rigalleau, Vincent, Sultan, Ariane, Schiele, François, Tounian, Patrick, Valero, René, Verges, Bruno, Yelnik, Cécile, Ziegler, Olivier, Haack, Ira A., Schmidt, Nina, Dressel, Alexander, Klein, Isabel, Christmann, Jutta, Sonntag, Antonia, Stumpp, Christine, Boger, Diana, Biedermann, Dana, Usme, Monica M.N., Beil, F. Ulrich, Klose, Gerald, König, Christel, Gouni-Berthold, Ioanna, Otte, Britta, Böll, Gereon, Kirschbaum, Anja, Merke, Jürgen, Scholl, Johannes, Segiet, Thomas, Gebauer, Marco, Predica, Florentina, Mayer, Manfred, Leistikow, Frank, Füllgraf-Horst, Sabine, Müller, Cornelius, Schüler, Melanie, Wiener, Judith, Hein, Konrad, Baumgartner, Peter, Kopf, Stefan, Busch, Reinhold, Schömig, Michael, Matthias, Stephan, Allendorf-Ostwald, Nicole, Fink, Bruno, Böhm, Dieter, Jäkel, Alexander, Koschker, Ann-Cathrin, Schweizer, Rüdiger, Vogt, Anja, Parhofer, Klaus, König, Wolfgang, Reinhard, Wibke, Bäßler, Andrea, Stadelmann, Alexander, Schrader, Volker, Katzmann, Julius, Tarr, Adrienne, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Kassner, Ursula, Paulsen, Gerret, Homberger, Jürgen, Zemmrich, Claudia, Seeger, Wolfgang, Biolik, Kathrin, Deiss, Dorothee, Richter, Corinna, Pantchechnikova, Elina, Dorn, Elena, Schatz, Ulrike, Julius, Ulrich, Spens, Antje, Wiesner, Tobias, Scholl, Michael, Rizos, Christos V., Sakkas, Nikolaos, Elisaf, Moses, Skoumas, Ioannis, Tziomalos, Konstantinos, Rallidis, Loukianos, Kotsis, Vasileios, Doumas, Michalis, Athyros, Vasileios, Skalidis, Emmanouil, Kolovou, Genovefa, Garoufi, Anastasia, Bilianou, Eleni, Koutagiar, Iosif, Agapakis, Dimitrios, Kiouri, Estela, Antza, Christina, Katsiki, Niki, Zacharis, Evangelos, Attilakos, Achilleas, Sfikas, George, Koumaras, Charalambos, Anagnostis, Panagiotis, Anastasiou, Georgia, Liamis, George, Koutsogianni, Amalia-Despoina, Karányi, Zsolt, Harangi, Mariann, Bajnok, László, Audikovszky, Mária, Márk, László, Benczúr, Béla, Reiber, István, Nagy, Gergely, Nagy, András, Reddy, Lakshmi L., Shah, Swarup A.V., Ponde, Chandrashekhar K., Dalal, Jamshed J., Sawhney, Jitendra P.S., Verma, Ishwar C., Altaey, Mays, Al-Jumaily, Khalid, Rasul, Dilshad, Abdalsahib, Ali F., Jabbar, Amer A., Al-ageedi, Mohanad, Agar, Ruth, Cohen, Hofit, Ellis, Avishay, Gavishv, Dov, Harats, Dror, Henkin, Yaacov, Knobler, Hila, Leavit, Leah, Leitersdorf, Eran, Rubinstein, Ardon, Schurr, Daniel, Shpitzen, Shoshi, Szalat, Auryan, Casula, Manuela, Zampoleri, Veronica, Gazzotti, Marta, Olmastroni, Elena, Sarzani, Riccardo, Ferri, Claudio, Repetti, Elena, Sabbà, Carlo, Bossi, Antonio Carlo, Borghi, Claudio, Muntoni, Sandro, Cipollone, Francesco, Purrello, Francesco, Pujia, Arturo, Passaro, Angelina, Marcucci, Rossella, Pecchioli, Valerio, Pisciotta, Livia, Mandraffino, Giuseppe, Pellegatta, Fabio, Mombelli, Giuliana, Branchi, Adriana, Fiorenza, Anna Maria, Pederiva, Cristina, Werba, Josè Pablo, Parati, Gianfranco, Carubbi, Francesca, Iughetti, Lorenzo, Iannuzzi, Arcangelo, Iannuzzo, Gabriella, Calabrò, Paolo, Averna, Maurizio, Biasucci, Giacomo, Zambon, Sabina, Roscini, Anna Rita, Trenti, Chiara, Arca, Marcello, Federici, Massimo, Del Ben, Maria, Bartuli, Andrea, Giaccari, Andrea, Pipolo, Antonio, Citroni, Nadia, Guardamagna, Ornella, Bonomo, Katia, Benso, Andrea, Biolo, Gianni, Maroni, Lorenzo, Lupi, Alessandro, Bonanni, Luca, Zenti, Maria Grazia, Matsuki, Kota, Hori, Mika, Ogura, Masatsune, Masuda, Daisaku, Kobayashi, Takuya, Nagahama, Kumiko, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Radovic, Mirjana, Lunegova, Olga, Bektasheva, Erkayim, Khodzhiboboev, Elyor, Erglis, Andrejs, Gilis, Dainus, Nesterovics, Georgijs, Saripo, Vita, Meiere, Ruta, Upena-RozeMicena, Arta, Terauda, Elizabete, Jambart, Selim, Khoury, Petra E., Elbitar, Sandy, Ayoub, Carine, Ghaleb, Youmna, Aliosaitiene, Urte, Kutkiene, Sandra, Kasim, Noor A.M., Nor, Noor S.M., Ramli, Anis S., Razak, Suraya A., Al-Khateeb, Alyaa, Kadir, Siti H.S.A., Muid, Suhaila A., Rahman, Thuhairah A., Kasim, Sazzli S., Radzi, Ahmad B.M., Ibrahim, Khairul S., Razali, Salmi, Ismail, Zaliha, Ghani, Rohana A., Hafidz, Muhammad I.A., Chua, Ang L., Rosli, Marshima M., Annamalai, Muthukkaruppan, Teh, Lay K., Razali, Rafezah, Chua, Yung A., Rosman, Azhari, Sanusi, Abdul R., Murad, Nor A.A., Jamal, A. Rahman A., Nazli, Sukma A., Razman, Aimi Z., Rosman, Norhidayah, Rahmat, Radzi, Hamzan, Nur S., Azzopardi, C., Mehta, Roopa, Martagon, Alexandro J., Ramirez, Gabriela A.G., Villa, Neftali E.A., Vazquez, Arsenio V., Elias-Lopez, Daniel, Retana, Gustavo G., Rodriguez, Betsabel, Macías, Jose J.C., Zazueta, Alejandro R., Alvarado, Rocio M., Portano, Julieta D.M., Lopez, Humberto A., Sauque-Reyna, Leobardo, Herrera, Laura G.G., Mendia, Luis E.S., Aguilar, Humberto Garcia, Cooremans, Elizabeth R., Aparicio, Berenice P., Zubieta, Victoria M., Gonzalez, Perla A.C., Ferreira-Hermosillo, Aldo, Portilla, Nacu C., Dominguez, Guadalupe J., Garcia, Alinna Y.R., Cazares, Hector E.A., Gonzalez, Jesus R., Valencia, Carla V.M., Padilla, Francisco G., Prado, Ramon M., De los Rios Ibarra, Manuel O., Villicaña, Ruy D.A., Rivera, Karina J.A., Carrera, Ricardo A., Alvarez, Jose A., Martinez, Jose C.A., de los Reyes Barrera Bustillo, Manuel, Vargas, Gonzalo C., Chacon, Roberto C., Andrade, Mario H.F., Ortega, Ashanty F., Alcala, Hector G., de Leon, Laura E.G., Guzman, Berenice G., Garcia, Jose J.G., Cuellar, Juan C.G., Cruz, Jose R.G., Garcia, Anell Hernandez, Almada, Jesus R.H., Herrera, Ursulo J., Sobrevilla, Fabiola L., Rodriguez, Eduardo M., Sibaja, Cristina M., Rodriguez, Alma B.M., Oyervides, Jose C.M., Vazquez, Daniel I.P., Rodriguez, Eduardo A.R., Osorio, Ma L.R., Saucedo, Juan R., Tamayo, Margarita T., Talavera, Luis A.V., Arroyo, Luis E.V., Carrillo, Eloy A.Z., Isara, Alphonsus, Obaseki, Darlington E., Al-Waili, Khalid, Al-Zadjali, Fahad, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Kindi, Mohammed, Al-Mukhaini, Suad, Al-Barwani, Hamida, Rana, Asim, Shah, Lahore S.U., Starostecka, Ewa, Konopka, Agnieszka, Lewek, Joanna, Bartłomiejczyk, Marcin, Gąsior, Mariusz, Dyrbuś, Krzysztof, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Gruchała, Marcin, Pajkowski, Marcin, Romanowska-Kocejko, Marzena, Żarczyńska-Buchowiecka, Marta, Chmara, Magdalena, Wasąg, Bartosz, Parczewska, Aleksandra, Gilis-Malinowska, Natasza, Borowiec-Wolna, Justyna, Stróżyk, Aneta, Woś, Marlena, Michalska-Grzonkowska, Aleksandra, Medeiros, Ana M., Alves, Ana C., Silva, Francisco, Lobarinhas, Goreti, Palma, Isabel, de Moura, Jose P., Rico, Miguel T., Rato, Quitéria, Pais, Patrícia, Correia, Susana, Moldovan, Oana, Virtuoso, Maria J., Salgado, Jose M., Colaço, Ines, Dumitrescu, Andreea, Lengher, Calin, Mosteoru, Svetlana, Meshkov, Alexey, Ershova, Alexandra, Rozkova, Tatiana, Korneva, Victoria, Yu, Kuznetsova T., Zafiraki, Vitaliy, Voevoda, Mikhail, Gurevich, Victor, Duplyakov, Dmitry, Ragino, Yulia, Safarova, Maya, Shaposhnik, Igor, Alkaf, Fahmi, Khudari, Alia, Rwaili, Nawal, Al-Allaf, Faisal, Alghamdi, Mohammad, Batais, Mohammed A., Almigbal, Turky H., Kinsara, Abdulhalim, AlQudaimi, Ashraf H.A., Awan, Zuhier, Elamin, Omer A., Altaradi, Hani, Rajkovic, Natasa, Popovic, Ljiljana, Singh, Sandra, Stosic, Ljubica, Rasulic, Iva, Lalic, Nebojsa M., Lam, Carolyn, Le, Tan J., Siang, Eric L.T., Dissanayake, Sanjaya, I-Shing, Justin T., Shyong, Tai E., Jin, Terrance C.S., Balinth, Karin, Buganova, Ingrid, Fabryova, Lubomira, Kadurova, Michaela, Klabnik, Alexander, Kozárová, Miriam, Sirotiakova, Jana, Battelino, Tadej, Kovac, Jernej, Mlinaric, Matej, Sustar, Ursa, Podkrajsek, Katarina T., Fras, Zlatko, Jug, Borut, Cevc, Matija, Pilcher, Gillian J., Blom, D.J., Wolmarans, K.H., Brice, B.C., Muñiz-Grijalvo, Ovidio, Díaz-Díaz, Jose L., de Isla, Leopoldo P., Fuentes, Francisco, Badimon, Lina, Martin, François, Lux, Angela, Chang, Nien-Tzu, Ganokroj, Poranee, Akbulut, Mehmet, Alici, Gökhan, Bayram, Fahri, Can, Levent H., Celik, Ahmet, Ceyhan, Ceyhun, Coskun, Fatma Y., Demir, Mesut, Demircan, Sabri, Dogan, Volkan, Durakoglugil, Emre, Dural, Ibrahim E., Gedikli, Omer, Hacioglu, Aysa, Ildizli, Muge, Kilic, Salih, Kirilmaz, Bahadir, Kutlu, Merih, Oguz, Aytekin, Ozdogan, Oner, Onrat, Ersel, Ozer, Savas, Sabuncu, Tevfik, Sahin, Tayfun, Sivri, Fatih, Sonmez, Alper, Temizhan, Ahmet, Topcu, Selim, Tuncez, Abdullah, Vural, Mirac, Yenercag, Mustafa, Yesilbursa, Dilek, Yigit, Zerrin, Yildirim, Aytul B., Yildirir, Aylin, Yilmaz, Mehmet B., Atallah, Bassam, Traina, Mahmoud, Sabbour, Hani, Hay, Dana A., Luqman, Neama, Elfatih, Abubaker, Abdulrasheed, Arshad, Kwok, See, Oca, Nicolas D., Reyes, Ximena, Alieva, Rano B., Kurbanov, Ravshanbek D., Hoshimov, Shavkat U., Nizamov, Ulugbek I., Ziyaeva, Adolat V., Abdullaeva, Guzal J., Do, Doan L., Nguyen, Mai N.T., Kim, Ngoc T., Le, Thanh T., Le, Hong A., Tokgozoglu, Lale, Catapano, Alberico L., and Ray, Kausik K.

Published
2021
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32. The Outcome of Antibiotic Overuse before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman

Author

Nenad Pandak, Hilal Al Sidairi, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Zakariya Al Balushi, Shabnam Chhetri, Muna Ba’Omar, Sultan Al Lawati, Seif S. Al-Abri, and Faryal Khamis

Subjects
antibiotics, multidrug resistance, meropenem, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, pandemics, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a serious global public health challenge, may have accelerated development during the COVID-19 pandemic because antibiotics were prescribed for COVID-19. This study aimed to assess antibiotics use before and during the pandemic and correlate the results with the rate of resistant microorganisms detected in hospitalized patients during the study period. This single-center study looked retrospectively at four years of data (2018–2021) from Royal Hospital, Muscat, which is the biggest hospital in Oman with approximately 60,000 hospital admissions yearly. The consumption rate of ceftriaxone, piperacillin tazobactam, meropenem, and vancomycin was presented as the antibiotic consumption index, the ratio of defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 bed days. Analyses were performed using the nonparametric test for trend across the study period. Correlation between antibiotic consumption indexes and the isolated microorganisms in the four-year study period was performed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. We compared data from the pre-COVID-19 to the COVID-19 period. Though more patients were admitted pre-COVID-19 (132,828 versus 119,191 during COVID-19), more antibiotics were consumed during the pandemic (7350 versus 7915); vancomycin and ceftriaxone had higher consumption during than before the pandemic (p-values 0.001 and 0.036, respectively). Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and Candida auris were detected more during the COVID-19 period with p-values of 0.026 and 0.004, respectively. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., and C. auris were detected more often during the pandemic with p-values of 0.011, 0.002, and 0.03, respectively. Significant positive correlations between antibiotic consumption and drug-resistant isolates were noted. This study confirms that the overuse of antibiotics triggers the development of bacterial resistance; our results emphasize the importance of antibiotic control.

Published
2023
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33. The Stability of Analytes of Ionized Magnesium Concentration and Its Reference Range in Healthy Volunteers

Author

Juhaina Salim Al-Maqbali, Abdullah M. Al Alawi, Zubaida Al-Falahi, Henrik Falhammar, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, and Mohammed Al Za’abi

Subjects
reference range, stability, ionized magnesium, whole blood, direct ion selective electrode technique, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

This study aimed to determine the stability of refrigerated analytes of iMg concentration at different time intervals and to establish iMg reference range in a cohort of healthy Omani volunteers (≥18 years). The concentrations of iMg were measured using the direct ion-selective electrode technique. Pearson’s and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficients along with the Bland–Altman plot were used to assess the levels of agreement between iMg concentrations of fresh and refrigerated blood samples at different time intervals. The study included 167 volunteers (51% females) with a median age of 21 (range: 20–25) years. The median, 2.5th, and 97.5th percentiles for fresh iMg reference ranges were 0.55, 0.47, and 0.68 mmol/L, respectively. The overall agreement between the fresh and refrigerated iMg concentrations was poor (rho-c = 0.51; p < 0.001). However, according to Altman’s definition, iMg concentrations of the refrigerated samples for a period of ≤1 h had an excellent correlation with the fresh iMg concentrations (Lin’s rho-c = 0.80), with a small average bias difference of 0.009 (95%CI; −0.025–0.043). A cut-off refrigeration period within ≤1 h at 2–8 °C can be considered an alternate time frame for the gold standard measurement (fresh or within 0.5 h).

Published
2023
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34. Evaluating the performance of ACR, SLICC and EULAR/ACR classification criteria in childhood onset systemic lupus erythematosus

Author

Reem Abdwani, Eiman Masroori, Eiman Abdullah, Safiya Al Abrawi, and Ibrahim Al-Zakwani

Subjects
Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background The ACR 1997, SLICC 2012 and EULAR/ACR 2019 classification criteria were validated based on adult patients. To date, there are no classification criteria specific for children with SLE. The aim of the study is to compare the performance characteristics among the three SLE classification criteria (ACR-1997, SLICC-2012 and EULAR/ACR-2019) in childhood onset SLE (cSLE) cohort of Arab ethnicity from Oman. Methods We conducted a retrospective multicenter study in Oman of cSLE patients as cases and patients with other rheumatic disease with a positive ANA titer as controls. The cSLE cases recruited were children diagnosed with SLE before 13 years of age. Data was retrospectively collected to establish the ACR-1997, SLICC-2012 and EULAR/ACR-2019 criteria fulfilled at first visit, first year follow up and last follow up. Results Study population included 113 cSLE cases (mean age at diagnosis of 7.3 ± 3.4 years with disease duration of 6.1 ± 4.6 years) and 51 controls (mean age at diagnosis 5.0 ± 3.4 with disease duration 5.7 ± 3.9). The cSLE cases had higher frequency of familial SLE than controls (38% vs 7.8%; p

Published
2021
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39. Clinical Outcome and Risk Assessment in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Elevated Transaminases and Acute Kidney Injury: A Single Center Study

Author

Yulia Khruleva, Zhanna Kobalava, Olga Arisheva, Marina Efremovtseva, Irina Garmash, Maria Vatsik-Gorodetskaya, Mohammed Al Jarallah, Peter A Brady, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, and Rajesh Rajan

Subjects
covid-19, treatment outcome, liver injury, drug-induced, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, acute kidney injury, russia, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: Initial reports indicate a high incidence of abnormal aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in patients with COVID-19 and possible association with acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to investigate clinical features of elevated transaminases on admission, its association with AKI, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the registered data of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and assessment of the AST and ALT was performed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI). Results: The subjects comprised 828 patients (mean age = 65.0±16.0 years; 51.4% male). Hypertension was present in 70.3% of patients, diabetes mellitus in 26.0%, and chronic kidney disease in 8.5%. In-hospital mortality was 21.0%. At admission, only 41.5% of patients had hypertransaminasemia. Patients with elevated transaminases at admission were younger, had higher levels of inflammatory markers and D-dimer, and poorer outcomes. The AKI incidence in the study population was 27.1%. Patients with hypertransaminasemia were more likely to develop AKI (33.5% vs. 23.3%, p =0.003). Patients with predominantly elevated AST (compared to elevated ALT) were more likely to have adverse outcomes. Multinomial logistic regression found that hypertension, chronic kidney disease, elevated AST, and hematuria were associated with CA-AKI. Meanwhile, age > 65 years, hypertension, malignancy, elevated AST, and hematuria were predictors of HA-AKI. Conclusions: Elevated transaminases on admission were associated with AKI and poor outcomes. Patients with elevated AST were more likely to have adverse outcomes. Elevated AST on admission was associated with CA-AKI and was a predictor of HA-AKI.

Published
2022
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41. The Effects of Furosemide on Behavioral and Hormonal Parameters in Male and Female Mice Subjected to Immobilization and Cold-Water Stress

Author

Al Za'abi M, Ali BH, Al Suleimani Y, Al-Zakwani I, Al-Fulaiti B, Manoj P, and Nemmar A

Subjects
furosemide, immobilization stress, cold-water stress, corticosterone, prolactin, epinephrine., Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Mohammed Al Za’abi,1 Badreldin H Ali,1 Yousuf Al Suleimani,1 Ibrahim Al-Zakwani,1 Balqees Al-Fulaiti,1 Priyadarsini Manoj,1 Abderrahim Nemmar2 1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; 2Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesCorrespondence: Mohammed Al Za’abiDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 35 Al Khoud, Muscat, 123, OmanEmail zaabi@squ.edu.omIntroduction: The diuretic agent furosemide (FUR, 25 and 50 mg/kg) has been shown in a single report to act as an anti-stressor agent in two models of acute stress in mice, viz. electric foot–shock stress and immobilization (IMS). The present work aimed to investigate the possible anti-stressor action of FUR on two models of acute stress in mice, cold-water stress (CWS) and IMS, and tried to determine whether gender has any impact on the effect of FUR.Methods: FUR (40 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, and after 30 minutes, mice were subjected to CWS (4°C for three minutes) or IMS (fixing movement for two and a half hrs using adhesive tape). Motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and thermal nociception were then tested. Blood was collected from the mice and used to measure the concentrations of three stress hormones (corticosterone, epinephrine and prolactin).Results: Mice subjected to CWS and IMS had significantly reduced motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and increased nociception. CWS and IMS also significantly increased the plasma concentrations of the three hormones. FUR pretreatment significantly mitigated these stress-induced hormonal changes. There was no significant sex difference when CWS or IMS was applied.Discussion: IMS and CWS stimuli in male and female mice caused significant elevations in the plasma concentrations of corticosterone, epinephrine, and prolactin, accompanied by a significant reduction of motor and exploratory activities, neuromuscular coordination, and thermal nociception. There were no sex differences when IMS was applied. In stressed mice, prior administration of FUR (40 mg/kg) significantly decreased the concentrations of stress hormones, and this effect significantly mitigated the stress-induced behavioural and motor changes.Keywords: furosemide, immobilization stress, cold-water stress, corticosterone, prolactin, epinephrine

Published
2021

42. Anakinra in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring oxygen therapy: Results of a prospective, open-label, interventional study

Author

Balkhair, A., Al-Zakwani, I., Al Busaidi, M., Al-Khirbash, A., Al Mubaihsi, S., BaTaher, H., Al Aghbari, J., Al Busaidi, I., Al Kindi, M., Baawain, S., Al Alawi, A., Al Lawati, A., Al Rawahi, B., Al-Baimani, K., Al Zidi, K., Elfatih, N., Dawud, B., John, B., Rehman, F., Yousif, F., Al Khadouri, G., Saber, I., Lal, J., Gargouri, M., Al-Ward, M., AbuDraz, N., Al Ruqeishi, S., Kumar, S., Abdelmottaleb, W., Al-Naamani, Z., Bin Nazar, Z., and Balkhair, O.

Published
2021
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50. COVID-19 Medical Research in Oman: A Bibliometric and Visualization Study

Author

Jimmy Jose, Mohammad Karim Saberi, Faryal Khamis, Heidar Mokthari, and Ibrahim Al Zakwani

Subjects
bibliometrics, covid-19, oman, medical research, publications, sars-cov-2, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: To study the quantum and pattern of the COVID-19-related medical research publications that had contributions from researchers in Oman, using bibliometric analysis. Methods: Data on the COVID-19-related medical research publications with contributions from authors in Oman were sourced from the Scopus database. The main search keywords were ‘COVID-19’ and ‘Oman’. The search included data from 1 December 2019 till 21 August 2021. A bibliometric method utilizing citation analysis and science mapping was applied to the selected data. VOSviewer software was used for constructing and visualizing various bibliometric networks. Results: The search query returned 360 documents which included those by authors from Oman. After excluding 83 of these due to irrelevance, 277 documents were finally selected for analysis. Three macro research themes emerged: treatment of COVID-19 cases, epidemiology and impact of COVID-19, and etiology and clinical manifestations of COVID-19. A total of 4533 sources were cited in the selected 277 documents. Most articles were published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases (IJID),followed byOman Medical Journal, and SultanQaboos University Medical Journal. The most cited references included theLancet,followed by theNew England Journal of Medicine,and the Journal of the American Medical Association. The largest number of papers were authored by researchers from Sultan Qaboos University followed by the Oman Ministry of Health. Regarding the number of citations received per paper, the top rank went to the Ministry of Health, followed by Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and Khoula Hospital. Conclusions: Oman has significantly contributed to the COVID-19-related medical knowledge despite the challenges of conducting research amidst the increased workload during the pandemic. Most publications in Oman were collaborative projects. Based on the evaluated literature, further research focusing on vaccines and therapeutics is warranted.

Published
2022

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