18 results on '"Akiko Chiba"'
Search Results
2. Intestinal Microbiota Influence Doxorubicin Responsiveness in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
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Alaa Bawaneh, Adam S. Wilson, Nicole Levi, Marissa M. Howard-McNatt, Akiko Chiba, David R. Soto-Pantoja, and Katherine L. Cook
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triple-negative breast cancer ,microbiome ,inflammation ,doxorubicin ,lipopolysaccharide ,metagenomic sequencing ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive with a poor 5-year survival rate. Targeted therapy options are limited and most TNBC patients are treated with chemotherapy. This study aimed to determine whether doxorubicin (Dox) shifts the gut microbiome and whether gut microbiome populations influence chemotherapeutic responsiveness. Female BALB/c mice (n = 115) were injected with 4T1-luciferase cells (a murine syngeneic TNBC model) and treated with Dox and/or antibiotics, high-fat diet-derived fecal microbiota transplant (HFD-FMT), or exogenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal DNA samples. Mice that received Dox were stratified into Dox responders or Dox nonresponders. Mice from the Dox responders and antibiotics + Dox groups displayed reduced tumor weight and metastatic burden. Metagenomic analysis showed that Dox was associated with increased Akkermansia muciniphila proportional abundance. Moreover, Dox responders showed an elevated proportional abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila prior to Dox treatment. HFD-FMT potentiated tumor growth and decreased Dox responsiveness. Indeed, lipopolysaccharide, a structural component of Gram-negative bacteria, was increased in the plasma of Dox nonresponders and FMT + Dox mice. Treatment with exogenous LPS increases intestinal inflammation, reduces Dox responsiveness, and increases lung metastasis. Taken together, we show that modulating the gut microbiota through antibiotics, HFD-FMT, or by administering LPS influenced TNBC chemotherapy responsiveness, lung metastasis, and intestinal inflammation.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Heart rate variability in dairy cows with postpartum fever during night phase.
- Author
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Takahiro Aoki, Megumi Itoh, Akiko Chiba, Masayoshi Kuwahara, Hirofumi Nogami, Hiroshi Ishizaki, and Ken-Ichi Yayou
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Autonomic nervous function evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) and blood characteristics were compared between Holstein Friesian cows that developed postpartum fever (PF; n = 5) and clinically healthy (CH; n = 6) puerperal cows in this case-control study. A cow was defined as having PF when its rectal temperature rose to ≥39.5°C between 1 and 3 days postpartum. We recorded electrocardiograms during this period using a Holter-type electrocardiograph and applied power spectral analysis of HRV. Comparisons between the groups were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney U test, and the relationship between rectal temperature and each parameter was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Heart rate was higher in PF cows than in CH cows (Mean ± SE, 103.3 ± 2.7 vs. 91.5 ± 1.7 bpm). This result suggested that PF cows had a relatively dominant sympathetic nervous function. Total (44,472 ± 2,301 vs. 55,373 ± 1,997 ms) and low frequency power (24.5 ± 3.8 vs. 39.9 ± 5.3 ms) were lower in PF cows than in CH cows. These findings were possibly caused by a reduction in autonomic nervous function. The total white blood cell count (54.3 ± 5.1 vs. 84.5 ± 6.4 ×102/μL) and the serum magnesium (2.1 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.1 mg/dL) and iron (81.5 ± 8.0 vs. 134.4 ± 9.1 μg/dL) concentrations were lower and the serum amyloid A concentration (277 ± 33 vs. 149 ± 21 μg/mL) was higher in PF cows than in CH cows. These results imply that more inflammation was present in PF cows than in CH cows. Multiple regression analysis showed that both of low frequency power and concentration of serum iron were associated with rectal temperature. We found differences in changes in hematologic results, biochemical findings, and HRV patterns between PF cows and CH cows.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Applying dynamic contrast enhanced MSOT imaging to intratumoral pharmacokinetic modeling
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Ted G. Xiao, Jared A. Weis, F. Scott Gayzik, Alexandra Thomas, Akiko Chiba, Metin N. Gurcan, Umit Topaloglu, Abhilash Samykutty, and Lacey R. McNally
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
Examining the dynamics of an agent in the tumor microenvironment can offer critical insights to the influx rate and accumulation of the agent. Intratumoral kinetic characterization in the in vivo setting can further elicudate distribution patterns and tumor microenvironment.Dynamic contrast-enhanced Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomographic imaging (DCE-MSOT) acquires serial MSOT images with the administration of an exogenous contrast agent over time. We tracked the dynamics of a tumor-targeted contrast agent, HypoxiSense 680 (HS680), in breast xenograft mouse models using MSOT. Arterial input function (AIF) approach with MSOT imaging allowed for tracking HS680 dynamics within the mouse. The optoacoustic signal for HS680 was quantified using the ROI function in the ViewMSOT software. A two-compartment pharmacokinetics (PK) model constructed in MATLAB to fit rate parameters. The contrast influx (kin) and outflux (kout) rate constants predicted are kin = 1.96 × 10−2 s-1 and kout = 9.5 × 10-3 s-1 (R = 0.9945). Keywords: Pharmacokinetic modeling, Targeted contrast agent, Intratumoral kinetics, Tumor microenvironment, Hypoxia, Multispectral optoacoustic imaging
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Impact of vitamin D on pathological complete response and survival following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: a retrospective study
- Author
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Marie Viala, Akiko Chiba, Simon Thezenas, Laure Delmond, Pierre-Jean Lamy, Sarah L. Mott, Mary C. Schroeder, Alexandra Thomas, and William Jacot
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Vitamin D ,Neo-adjuvant breast cancer ,pCR ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background There has been interest in the potential benefit of vitamin D (VD) to improve breast cancer outcomes. Pre-clinical studies suggest VD enhances chemotherapy-induced cell death. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with not attaining a pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for operable breast cancer. We report the impact of VD on pCR and survival in an expanded cohort. Methods Patients from Iowa and Montpellier registries who had serum VD level measured before or during NAC were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Consumption of Mediterranean versus Western Diet Leads to Distinct Mammary Gland Microbiome Populations
- Author
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Carol A. Shively, Thomas C. Register, Susan E. Appt, Thomas B. Clarkson, Beth Uberseder, Kenysha Y.J. Clear, Adam S. Wilson, Akiko Chiba, Janet A. Tooze, and Katherine L. Cook
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Summary: Recent identification of a mammary gland-specific microbiome led to studies investigating bacteria populations in breast cancer. Malignant breast tumors have lower Lactobacillus abundance compared with benign lesions, implicating Lactobacillus as a negative regulator of breast cancer. Diet is a main determinant of gut microbial diversity. Whether diet affects breast microbiome populations is unknown. In a non-human primate model, we found that consumption of a Western or Mediterranean diet modulated mammary gland microbiota and metabolite profiles. Mediterranean diet consumption led to increased mammary gland Lactobacillus abundance compared with Western diet-fed monkeys. Moreover, mammary glands from Mediterranean diet-fed monkeys had higher levels of bile acid metabolites and increased bacterial-processed bioactive compounds. These data suggest that diet directly influences microbiome populations outside the intestinal tract in distal sites such as the mammary gland. Our study demonstrates that diet affects the mammary gland microbiome, establishing an alternative mechanistic pathway for breast cancer prevention. : Using a non-human primate model of women’s health, Shively et al. demonstrate that diet plays a critical role in determining microbiota populations in tissues outside the gut, such as the mammary gland. These microbial populations modulate localized bile acid and bacterial-modified metabolites to potentially influence anticancer signaling pathways. Keywords: breast, mammary gland, diet, microbiome, bile acid, hippurate, oxidative stress
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Temozolomide Enhances Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Virotherapy In Vitro
- Author
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Rodolfo Garza-Morales, Roxana Gonzalez-Ramos, Akiko Chiba, Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna, Lacey R. McNally, Kelly M. McMasters, and Jorge G. Gomez-Gutierrez
- Subjects
oncolytic ,adenovirus ,triple-negative ,breast cancer ,temozolomide ,autophagy ,virotherapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive types of cancer, and treatment is limited to chemotherapy and radiation. Oncolytic virotherapy may be a promising approach to treat TNBC. However, oncolytic adenovirus (OAd)-based mono-therapeutic clinical trials have resulted in modest outcomes. The OAd potency could be increased by chemotherapy-induced autophagy, an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome. In this study, the ability of alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ)-induced autophagy to increase OAd replication and oncolysis in TNBC cells was evaluated. Human TNBC MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells and mouse 4T1 cells were infected with an OAd expressing the red fluorescent protein mCherry on the virus capsid (OAdmCherry) alone or in combination with TMZ. TNBC cells treated with OAdmCherry/TMZ displayed greater mCherry and adenovirus (Ad) early region 1A (E1A) expression and enhanced cancer-cell killing compared to OAdmCherry or TMZ alone. The combined therapy-mediated cell death was associated with virus replication and accumulation of the autophagy marker light chain 3 (LC3)-II. Overall, this study provides experimental evidence of TMZ’s ability to increase oncolytic virotherapy in both human and murine TNBC cells.
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The Peptide Vaccine Combined with Prior Immunization of a Conventional Diphtheria-Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine Induced Amyloid β Binding Antibodies on Cynomolgus Monkeys and Guinea Pigs
- Author
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Akira Yano, Kaori Ito, Yoshikatsu Miwa, Yoshito Kanazawa, Akiko Chiba, Yutaka Iigo, Yoshinori Kashimoto, Akira Kanda, Shinji Murata, and Mitsuhiro Makino
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
The reduction of brain amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides by anti-Aβ antibodies is one of the possible therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. We previously reported that the Aβ peptide vaccine including the T-cell epitope of diphtheria-tetanus combined toxoid (DT) induced anti-Aβ antibodies, and the prior immunization with conventional DT vaccine enhanced the immunogenicity of the peptide. Cynomolgus monkeys were given the peptide vaccine subcutaneously in combination with the prior DT vaccination. Vaccination with a similar regimen was also performed on guinea pigs. The peptide vaccine induced anti-Aβ antibodies in cynomolgus monkeys and guinea pigs without chemical adjuvants, and excessive immune responses were not observed. Those antibodies could preferentially recognize Aβ40, and Aβ42 compared to Aβ fibrils. The levels of serum anti-Aβ antibodies and plasma Aβ peptides increased in both animals and decreased the brain Aβ40 level of guinea pigs. The peptide vaccine could induce a similar binding profile of anti-Aβ antibodies in cynomolgus monkeys and guinea pigs. The peptide vaccination could be expected to reduce the brain Aβ peptides and their toxic effects via clearance of Aβ peptides by generated antibodies.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Consecutive changes in serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme 3 activities in Holstein heifers during the first 18 months of life
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Kaoru Hatate, Chiho Kawashima, Rurika Onomi, Akiko Chiba, Norio Yamagishi, Masaaki Hanada, Akira Goto, and Tomoe Moriyama
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General Veterinary ,Anthropometric data ,business.industry ,weaning ,Body Weight ,Body weight ,Note ,Alkaline Phosphatase ,agarose gel electrophoresis ,Isoenzymes ,alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme ,Animal science ,Multiple time ,Internal Medicine ,Alkaline phosphatase ,Weaning ,Medicine ,Animals ,Cattle ,Female ,Sampling time ,business ,Skeletal growth ,Serum alkaline phosphatase ,heifer - Abstract
This study investigated consecutive fluctuations in serum activities of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzyme 3 (ALP3) in 11 clinically healthy Holstein heifers during the first 18 months of life. ALP3 activities at the first sampling time point after weaning (3 months) were significantly lower than those at multiple time points during the pre-weaning period. Those activities increased from a minimum at 3 months to a peak at 6 months during the post-weaning period. In the anthropometric data, daily body weight and wither height gains appeared to be below the public data at 4 months and 4-5 months, respectively. The data suggested that serum ALP3 activity can be used to monitor skeletal growth of heifers at weaning.
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- 2020
10. Consumption of Mediterranean versus Western Diet Leads to Distinct Mammary Gland Microbiome Populations
- Author
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Kenysha Y. J. Clear, Beth Uberseder, Carol A. Shively, Akiko Chiba, Thomas B. Clarkson, Adam S. Wilson, Thomas C. Register, Janet A. Tooze, Katherine L. Cook, and Susan E. Appt
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0301 basic medicine ,Mediterranean diet ,medicine.drug_class ,Metabolite ,Mammary gland ,Physiology ,Diet, Mediterranean ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Mammary Glands, Animal ,biology.animal ,Lactobacillus ,medicine ,Animals ,Primate ,Microbiome ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,biology ,Bile acid ,Microbiota ,Haplorhini ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Diet, Western ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female - Abstract
Summary: Recent identification of a mammary gland-specific microbiome led to studies investigating bacteria populations in breast cancer. Malignant breast tumors have lower Lactobacillus abundance compared with benign lesions, implicating Lactobacillus as a negative regulator of breast cancer. Diet is a main determinant of gut microbial diversity. Whether diet affects breast microbiome populations is unknown. In a non-human primate model, we found that consumption of a Western or Mediterranean diet modulated mammary gland microbiota and metabolite profiles. Mediterranean diet consumption led to increased mammary gland Lactobacillus abundance compared with Western diet-fed monkeys. Moreover, mammary glands from Mediterranean diet-fed monkeys had higher levels of bile acid metabolites and increased bacterial-processed bioactive compounds. These data suggest that diet directly influences microbiome populations outside the intestinal tract in distal sites such as the mammary gland. Our study demonstrates that diet affects the mammary gland microbiome, establishing an alternative mechanistic pathway for breast cancer prevention. : Using a non-human primate model of women’s health, Shively et al. demonstrate that diet plays a critical role in determining microbiota populations in tissues outside the gut, such as the mammary gland. These microbial populations modulate localized bile acid and bacterial-modified metabolites to potentially influence anticancer signaling pathways. Keywords: breast, mammary gland, diet, microbiome, bile acid, hippurate, oxidative stress
- Published
- 2018
11. Heart rate variability in dairy cows with postpartum fever during night phase
- Author
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Hirofumi Nogami, Takahiro Aoki, Ken Ichi Yayou, Akiko Chiba, Hiroshi Ishizaki, Megumi Itoh, and Masayoshi Kuwahara
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Physiology ,Fevers ,Body Temperature ,White Blood Cells ,Mathematical and Statistical Techniques ,Heart Rate ,Animal Cells ,Pregnancy ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Autonomic nervous function ,Heart rate variability ,Immune Response ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Statistics ,Postpartum Period ,05 social sciences ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Body Fluids ,Blood ,Physiological Parameters ,Physical Sciences ,Serum iron ,Regression Analysis ,Medicine ,Female ,Anatomy ,Cellular Types ,Research Article ,Fever ,Immune Cells ,Photoperiod ,Science ,Immunology ,Cardiology ,Total white blood cell count ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Signs and Symptoms ,Animal science ,Heart rate ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Lactation ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology ,Statistical Methods ,Inflammation ,Blood Cells ,business.industry ,Rectum ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Rectal temperature ,Cell Biology ,Postpartum fever ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Blood Counts ,Case-Control Studies ,Mann–Whitney U test ,Puerperal Infection ,Cattle ,Clinical Medicine ,business ,Digestive System ,Mathematics - Abstract
Autonomic nervous function evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) and blood characteristics were compared between Holstein Friesian cows that developed postpartum fever (PF; n = 5) and clinically healthy (CH; n = 6) puerperal cows in this case-control study. A cow was defined as having PF when its rectal temperature rose to ≥39.5°C between 1 and 3 days postpartum. We recorded electrocardiograms during this period using a Holter-type electrocardiograph and applied power spectral analysis of HRV. Comparisons between the groups were analyzed byttest or Mann-WhitneyUtest, and the relationship between rectal temperature and each parameter was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Heart rate was higher in PF cows than in CH cows (Mean ± SE, 103.3 ± 2.7 vs. 91.5 ± 1.7 bpm). This result suggested that PF cows had a relatively dominant sympathetic nervous function. Total (44,472 ± 2,301 vs. 55,373 ± 1,997 ms) and low frequency power (24.5 ± 3.8 vs. 39.9 ± 5.3 ms) were lower in PF cows than in CH cows. These findings were possibly caused by a reduction in autonomic nervous function. The total white blood cell count (54.3 ± 5.1 vs. 84.5 ± 6.4 ×102/μL) and the serum magnesium (2.1 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.1 mg/dL) and iron (81.5 ± 8.0 vs. 134.4 ± 9.1 μg/dL) concentrations were lower and the serum amyloid A concentration (277 ± 33 vs. 149 ± 21 μg/mL) was higher in PF cows than in CH cows. These results imply that more inflammation was present in PF cows than in CH cows. Multiple regression analysis showed that both of low frequency power and concentration of serum iron were associated with rectal temperature. We found differences in changes in hematologic results, biochemical findings, and HRV patterns between PF cows and CH cows.
- Published
- 2020
12. Hematological and biochemical features of postpartum fever in the heavy draft mare
- Author
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Takahiro Aoki, Yuki Kimura, Akiko Chiba, Mitsuo Ishii, Anna Oya, and Yasuo Nambo
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system ,040301 veterinary sciences ,animal diseases ,Physiology ,Inflammation ,0403 veterinary science ,NEFA ,Internal medicine ,heavy draft horse ,medicine ,biochemistry ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Hematology ,postpartum fever ,Equine ,business.industry ,urogenital system ,hematology ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Rectal temperature ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Magnesium level ,Note ,Postpartum fever ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Breed ,Endocrinology ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
application/pdf, Heavy draft mares potentially have a higher risk of suffering from postpartum fever (PF) than light breed mares. The purpose of this study was to compare hematological and biochemical features between clinically healthy mares (n=40) and PF-affected mares (n=16). Mares were classified as having PF when their rectal temperature rose to >38.5°C within 96 hr of foaling. The numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils and the serum magnesium level were significantly lower in PF-affected mares. The serum SAA and NEFA levels were significantly higher in PF-affected mares. Strong inflammation responses, fat mobilization associated with negative energy balance and possibly endotoxin participate in hematological and biochemical features of PF in heavy draft mares.
- Published
- 2016
13. Serum Vitamin D Levels Affect Pathologic Complete Response in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy for Operable Breast Cancer
- Author
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Sarah L. Mott, Marie Viala, Stéphane Pouderoux, Akiko Chiba, Pierre-Jean Lamy, William Jacot, Simon Thezenas, Mary C. Schroeder, Rachna Raman, Alexandra Thomas, Département d'oncologie Médicale, CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Unité de biostatistiques, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), and CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Apoptosis ,Breast Neoplasms ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,Neoadjuvant chemotherapy ,vitamin D deficiency ,Article ,Bone remodeling ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Internal medicine ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Humans ,Mass index ,Breast ,Stage (cooking) ,Vitamin D ,Mastectomy ,Retrospective Studies ,Outcome ,2. Zero hunger ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,Early breast cancer ,Cancer ,Therapeutic resistance ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,Iowa ,25-hydroxyvitamin D ,Neoadjuvant Therapy ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,France ,Lymph Nodes ,business ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology - Abstract
The impact of serum vitamin D levels on rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 144 patients with operable breast cancer was retrospectively investigated. Low serum vitamin D levels were associated with not attaining a pCR. Further study of vitamin D supplementation as a means to improve pCR rates is warranted. INTRODUCTION: There has been increasing interest in the potential benefit of vitamin D in improving breast cancer outcome. Preclinical studies suggest that vitamin D enhances chemotherapy-induced cell death. We investigated the impact of serum vitamin D levels during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on the rates of achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after breast cancer NAC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients from 1 of 2 Iowa registries who had serum vitamin D level measured before or during NAC were included. French patients enrolled onto a previous study of the impact of NAC on vitamin D and bone metabolism were also eligible for this study. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as < 20 ng/mL. pCR was defined as no residual invasive disease in breast and lymph nodes. A Firth penalized logistic regression multivariable model was used. RESULTS: The study included 144 women. There was no difference between the French and Iowan cohorts with regard to age at diagnosis (P .20), clinical stage (P=.22), receptor status (P = .32), and pCR rate (P = .34). French women had lower body mass index (mean 24.8 vs. 28.8, P
- Published
- 2018
14. Impact that Timing of Genetic Mutation Diagnosis has on Surgical Decision Making and Outcome for BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Carriers with Breast Cancer
- Author
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Fergus J. Couch, Courtney N. Heins, Akiko Chiba, Emily Hallberg, Tanya L. Hoskin, Jodie A. Cogswell, and Judy C. Boughey
- Subjects
Adult ,Heterozygote ,animal structures ,Time Factors ,endocrine system diseases ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Decision Making ,Genes, BRCA2 ,Genes, BRCA1 ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Bioinformatics ,Mastectomy, Segmental ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Mutation Carrier ,Surgical oncology ,medicine ,Unilateral Breast Neoplasms ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Genetic Testing ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Genetic testing ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,BRCA mutation ,Prophylactic Mastectomy ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mutation ,Surgery ,Female ,business ,Mastectomy - Abstract
Deleterious BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer are at increased risk for additional breast cancer events. This study evaluated the impact that timing of identification of BRCA+ status has on surgical decision and outcome.The authors reviewed all BRCA carriers at their institution whose breast cancer was diagnosed between January 1996 and June 2015. Patient surveys, medical records, and institutional databases were used to collect data. Differences in surgical choice were analyzed using the chi-square test, and rates of subsequent breast cancer events were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.The study investigated 173 BRCA carriers with breast cancer (100 BRCA1, 73 BRCA2). Of the women with known BRCA mutation before surgery and unilateral stages 0 to 3 breast cancer (n = 63), 12.7 % underwent lumpectomy, 4.8 % underwent unilateral mastectomy (UM), and 82.5 % underwent bilateral mastectomy (BM). These surgical choices differed significantly (p 0.0001) from those of patients unaware of their mutation at the time of surgery (n = 93) (51.6 % had lumpectomy, 19.4 % had UM, 29 % had BM). Of the patients with BRCA mutation identified after surgery who underwent lumpectomy or UM, 36 (59 %) of 66 underwent delayed BM. The patients with BRCA+ known before diagnosis presented with significantly lower-stage disease (p = 0.02) at diagnosis (69 % stage 0 or 1) than those whose BRCA mutation was identified after cancer diagnosis (40 % stage 0 or 1).The study findings showed that BRCA mutation status influences surgical decision. The rates of BM were higher for the patients with BRCA mutation known before surgery. Identification of BRCA mutation after surgery frequently leads to subsequent breast surgery. Genetic testing before surgery is important for patients at elevated risk for BRCA mutation.
- Published
- 2016
15. The Peptide Vaccine Combined with Prior Immunization of a Conventional Diphtheria-Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine Induced Amyloid β Binding Antibodies on Cynomolgus Monkeys and Guinea Pigs
- Author
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Yoshito Kanazawa, Akiko Chiba, Yoshikatsu Miwa, Shinji Murata, Yutaka Iigo, Mitsuhiro Makino, Akira Yano, Akira Kanda, Kaori Ito, and Yoshinori Kashimoto
- Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine ,Time Factors ,Article Subject ,Amyloid beta ,Immunology ,Guinea Pigs ,Epitope ,Antibodies ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Cells, Cultured ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,biology ,business.industry ,Immunogenicity ,Vaccination ,Toxoid ,Brain ,General Medicine ,Virology ,Macaca fascicularis ,Immunization ,Antibody Formation ,Vaccines, Subunit ,Peptide vaccine ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,business ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,Research Article - Abstract
The reduction of brain amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides by anti-Aβantibodies is one of the possible therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. We previously reported that the Aβpeptide vaccine including the T-cell epitope of diphtheria-tetanus combined toxoid (DT) induced anti-Aβantibodies, and the prior immunization with conventional DT vaccine enhanced the immunogenicity of the peptide. Cynomolgus monkeys were given the peptide vaccine subcutaneously in combination with the prior DT vaccination. Vaccination with a similar regimen was also performed on guinea pigs. The peptide vaccine induced anti-Aβantibodies in cynomolgus monkeys and guinea pigs without chemical adjuvants, and excessive immune responses were not observed. Those antibodies could preferentially recognize Aβ40, and Aβ42compared to Aβfibrils. The levels of serum anti-Aβantibodies and plasma Aβpeptides increased in both animals and decreased the brain Aβ40level of guinea pigs. The peptide vaccine could induce a similar binding profile of anti-Aβantibodies in cynomolgus monkeys and guinea pigs. The peptide vaccination could be expected to reduce the brain Aβpeptides and their toxic effects via clearance of Aβpeptides by generated antibodies.
- Published
- 2015
16. Phase 1 study of concurrent RMP‐7 and carboplatin with radiotherapy for children with newly diagnosed brainstem gliomasPresented, in part, at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Child Neurology Society, Ottawa, Canada, October 15, 2004.
- Author
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Roger J. Packer, Mark Krailo, Minesh Mehta, Katherine Warren, Jeffrey Allen, Regina Jakacki, Judith G. Villablanca, Akiko Chiba, and Gregory Reaman
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Treatment and Outcomes of Women With Large Locally Advanced Breast Cancer.
- Author
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Mangieri, Christopher W., Ruffo, Julia, Akiko Chiba, Howard-McNatt, Marissa, and Chiba, Akiko
- Subjects
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TREATMENT effectiveness , *BREAST cancer , *SURVIVAL rate , *BREAST cancer research , *PECTORALIS muscle , *MAMMAPLASTY , *BREAST tumor treatment , *HEALTH services accessibility , *ANTHROPOMETRY , *CANCER invasiveness , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *HEALTH status indicators , *TUMOR classification , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) , *MASTECTOMY , *HEALTH equity , *BREAST tumors , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Advances in breast cancer research have made breast cancer a treatable disease. However, there is a population of women who present with large, advanced, or sometimes neglected breast cancers who can prove difficult to treat. These women often require multiple modality treatment including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation. The purpose of our study is to examine the treatment and outcomes on women with large, locally advanced breast cancers (LABCs).We identified 8 individuals who presented with LABCs requiring extensive treatment. Patients with inflammatory or metastatic cancer at the time of presentation were excluded. These patients' charts were reviewed and analyzed. Patient demographics, hormone receptor status, stage, types of treatment, presence of metastasis, survival, and presence of barriers for seeking treatment sooner were identified.The median age at presentation was 65 years old. The patients were equally African American and Caucasian. All patients presented with T4 or stage 3 tumors involving the skin and/or pectoralis muscle. Half of the patients were found to have triple-negative (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Her-2/neu negative) tumors. 87% of the patients received chemotherapy; 1 refused. All 8 patients, either neoadjuvantly or adjuvantly, underwent a modified radical or radical mastectomy. Skin graft or flap coverage was necessary in half of the patients. Postmastectomy radiation was received in 87% of the patients; 1 patient refused the treatment. Half of the patients developed metastatic disease. Thirty-seven percent of the patients have since died with a median survival of 44 months. Reasons for delay in seeking care were monetary or social barriers. Many of the patients finally sought care via the emergency room due to symptoms they could no longer ignore.Women who present with LABC require complex multidisciplinary treatment consisting of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation treatments. Many of these patients faced economic and social challenges to accessing care. Better access to care and more prompt connection to breast surgeons are required to assist this patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. A Phase I study of concurrent RMP‐7 and carboplatin with radiation therapy for children with newly diagnosed brainstem gliomasPresented in part at the Child Neurology Society, Ottawa, Canada, October 15, 2004.
- Author
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Roger J. Packer, Mark Krailo, Minesh Mehta, Katherine Warren, Jeffrey Allen, Regina Jakacki, Judith G. Villablanca, Akiko Chiba, and Gregory Reaman
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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