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Introduction: Reform of criminal law is an important aspect in organizing the politics of criminal law so that it can meet the legal needs of society. The legal philosophy of Pancasila occupies an important position in efforts to reform criminal law. Purposes of the Research: Reflection on criminal law renewal in terms of the legal philosophy of Pancasila. Methods of the Research: Normative legal research with conceptual, statutory and philosophical approaches. Results of the Research: The legal philosophy of Pancasila has relevance in relation to the reform of criminal law, including that the philosophy of Pancasila law can be a guide as well as a guide in both normative aspects and the practice of criminal law reform. In addition, the legal philosophy of Pancasila can also direct the orientation of criminal law reform in order to improve five important aspects of criminal law reform, namely aspects of legal substance, culture, structure, leadership, and the professionalism of law enforcement officials. The reading of Pancasila values in a hierarchical-pyramidal manner is important as a guide and direction for a criminal law reform process. Pancasila's legal philosophy has also become a norm of criticism in criminal law reform, namely providing criticism of norms and legal behavior of criminal law reform whether it is in accordance with Pancasila values or not.

Abstract Background COVID-19 is an emerging contagious infection with polymorphic clinical manifestations. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic features and identify the predictors of mortality among COVID-19 hospitalized cases in Parakou. Methods This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study. Systematic recruitment was used to include all patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from May 8, 2020, to December 31, 2021, whose medical records were available and usable. The variables studied were clinical and paraclinical signs, diagnostic and therapeutic means, evolution under treatment and prognostic factors. This study was approved by the Local Ethical Committee. The data were analyzed using Stata/MP 14.1 software. Results A total of 198 cases of COVID-19 were identified, 117 of whom were men. The mean age was 51.53 ± 19.51 years. The presenting signs were fever 146 (74.11%), cough 157 (79.70%) and dyspnea 118 (53.90%). It was severe COVID-19 in 108 cases (54.55%). Therapeutically, 95 patients (47.98%) had received the combination of Lopinavir/ritonavir and Ribavirin and 95 others (47.98%) received chloroquine. Recovery was noted in 151 (76.26%) patients. Mortality rate was 18.18%. Predictors of death were high blood pressure, presence of signs of severity, high-concentration mask ventilation used, and elevated transaminases. Conclusion COVID-19 was a reality in Parakou, with a significant number of severe cases requiring hospitalization. Several factors are associated with the prognosis of the disease.

This study aims to determine the effect of implementing chemistry learning using the blended learning model in increasing student HOTS. The method used in this research is literature study. The data collection technique used, namely collecting data by finding sources and creating them through primary sources such as books, journals and existing research. The results showed that learning chemistry using a blended learning model could increase students' HOTS. Chemistry learning using a blended learning model can shape students to study individually either in groups, face to face, or online, and to solve problems, identify, interpret, and communicate learning outcomes. Keywords: Blended learning, HOTS, Chemistry Learning Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi pembelajaran kimia menggunakan model blended learning dalam meningkatkan HOTS siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu studi literatur. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu mengumpulkan data dengan cara mencari sumber dan mengkreasikannya melalui sumber primer seperti buku, jurnal dan penelitian yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kimia menggunakan model blended learning dapat meningkatkan HOTS siswa. pembelajaran kimia menggunakan model blended learning dapat membentuk siswa untuk belajar secara individu baik dalam kelompok, tatap muka, atau online, dan untuk memecahkan masalah, mengidentifikasi, menginterpretasikan, dan mengkomunikasikan hasil belajar. Kata Kunci: Blended learning, HOTS, Pembelajaran Kimia

Context: Ruta angustifolia Pers. has been used as a traditional herb among counties. The ethanol extract of R. angustifolia has proven active as an anti-hepatitis C virus in vitro. Due to the potency of this plant, a safety evaluation is necessary. Aims: To examine the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of ethanol extract of R. angustifolia leaves in rats. Methods: An acute toxicity study was done by treating 70% ethanol extract of R. angustifolia (doses of 5, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg of BW), while the control group received 1% Tween-80. Toxicity signs and mortality of rats for 14 days were observed. While sub-chronic (28-days repeated dose) toxicity was evaluated with 4 groups, both males and females. The three groups were treated with 70% ethanol extract of R. angustifolia at doses of 50, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW daily for 28 days, and one group served as a control group. Biochemical, hematological, and histopathological parameters were measured after the period of treatment. Results: The acute toxicity was no demonstrated toxicity signs or mortality effects up to 14 days of the experiment. Therefore, the LD50 value of the extract was estimated to be higher than 2000 mg/kg BW. The sub-chronic assay revealed no mortality and toxicity effects, including behavior parameters, relative body weight, hematology, and biochemical at 50 and 500 mg/kg BW doses. However, a significant change was seen in the testis of all doses and the liver of the male rats treated at 1000 mg/kg BW. Histopathology assay observed the presence of activated Kupffer cells, sinusoidal dilatation, and infiltration of lymphocytes at the portal vein in the liver with 1000 mg/kg BW. Those may indicate possible toxicity in the liver at the dose of 1000 mg/kg BW. However, no toxic effect at the lower doses tested. Conclusions: These results suggest that the use of Ruta angustifolia leaves ethanolic extract is relatively safe. The application of high doses needs to be evaluated.

Tomografi seismik merupakan suatu metode yang digunakan untuk memodelkan benda dalam bentuk gambar menggunakan data dari waktu tiba gelombang seismik. Pada penelitian kali ini dilakukan permodelan citra 3D struktur lapisan bumi di bawah Provinsi Bengkulu. Citra yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini diolah menggunakan program LOTOS-12 dan didapat hasil anomali kecepatan gelombang P dan Gelombang S serta citra penampang 3D. Anomali negatif berasal dari Pegunungan Bukit Barisan. Anomali negatif kecepatan terendah berada di bawah gunung api aktif dengan deviasi kecepatan -5% pada kedalaman 25 – 55 km dan ditemukan keberadaan partial melting berada pada kedalaman 110-130 km. Anomali negatif dengan kecepatan rendah diduga merupakan peningkatan fluida dan pelelehan dari slab subduksi disebabkan fase transisi. Berdasarkan hasil inversi didapatkan juga adanya peningkatan kecepatan dari kedalaman 25 km menuju 35 km yang diduga merupakan zona transisi kerak menuju mantel atas karena adanya Mohorovisic discontinuity.

Objective: This study examines the effect of fermented milk containing the probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici BK01 on cholesterol and intestinal microbiota. Materials and Methods: 24 male rats weighing an average of 200 gm each spent 1 week in a cage adapting to their new environment. They were fed standard feed daily and were allowed to drink ad libitum. For 3 weeks, rats were divided into four groups (doses of fermented milk): M+ (control), M1 (0.35 ml), M2 (0.70 ml), and M3 (1.05 ml). The analysis includes bodyweight deter¬mination, serum biochemical analysis, and intestine microbiota analysis. Results: The results indicated that while P. acidilactici BK01 fermented milk did not affect body weight or high-density lipoprotein, it did have a beneficial effect on total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Additionally, treatment of fermented milk with P. acidilactici BK01 has been shown to increase the total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the intestine, as indicated by changes in the intestinal villi. Conclusion: Administering fermented milk (P. acidilactici BK01, 1.05 ml) can reduce total serum cholesterol and increase the number of LAB in intestinal villi in experimental animals, so it has the potential to be a probiotic. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10(1.000): 64-71]

Inflammation is a complex series of changes in tissue due to tissue injury caused by bacteria, trauma, chemicals, heat, and pain. Gamboge (Garcinia xanthochymus) is a fruit-bearing tree native to Southeast Asia. Plants of the genus garcinia are rich in secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenes which have potential pharmacological activity. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity based on the reduction in edema volume of Gamboge (Garcinia xanthochymus) stem bark. The inquiry was experimental. Through maceration, an ethanol extract of the gamboge stem was created. The animals were divided into five groups, each containing five white male rats. The test given was a suspension of gamboge ethanol extract at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW, a negative control of 1% Na CMC suspension, and a positive control of 2.25 mg/kgBW sodium diclofenac. Observations were made for 6 hours, and then data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The results showed that gamboge ethanolic extract was proven to have an anti-inflammatory effect in white male rats induced by carrageenan starting at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW, marked by a significant difference to the negative control (p.05). These results concluded that the dose group 600mg/kgBW was the best dose of gamboge stem ethanol extract had an anti-inflammatory activity based on reducing the volume of leg edema of white male rats. Keywords: Asam Kandis Stem Bark; Anti-Inflammation; Male White Rats

The development of fifth-generation cellular technology, commonly referred to as "5G" networks, is believed to be able to maximize data speed access needs. In order to maximize the utilization of the existing 5G network in Indonesia, Telkomsel providers are using a frequency of 2.3 GHz with a bandwidth of 50 MHz. So we need an antenna amplifier that is easy to fabricate and place anywhere to maximize the signal capture range. A microstrip antenna is a suitable antenna for this amplifier. The advantage of this antenna is that it has a light mass and is easy to fabricate. while the drawbacks come in the form of narrow bandwidth and small gains. Therefore, an antenna design with an artificial substrate and array technique was made to overcome this. The design of this microstrip antenna was made in the CST Studio Suite 2019. The design was carried out by entering the antenna dimension values to be simulated and seeing the parameters; if they are not suitable, then they need to be optimized again, and when they are appropriate, the design results are fabricated and printed. In testing the signal capture power using the Xirrus WiFi Inspector, this antenna was able to capture the signal beam, which was 105 meters or 40 meters further than not using the antenna. In addition, from testing, it is known that this antenna has a gain of 16.15 dBi. While in the simulation, it is also known that this antenna has the following characteristics: return loss: -32,353 dB (S11), -32,737 dB (S22), -33,974 dB (S33), -34,423 dB (S44), VSWR: 1,049 (VSWR 1), 1,047 (VSWR 2), 1.040 (VSWR 3), 1.038 (VSWR 4), impedance: 50.7 -111 MHz.

This study aims to modify natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) into a compound for rubber-to-textile adhesion application using bonding agents, namely resorcinol (R) and hexamethylenetetramine (H). The composition variations of R and H were designed to be 0:0, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 for sample FRC-0, FRC-1, FRC-2, and FRC-3, respectively. The physical and mechanical properties, namely curing time, tensile strength, tear strength, elongation, shore A hardness, rebound resilience, density, abrasion resistance, and adhesiontest based on ASTM D1876 were determined. The results of the adhesiveness test showed that the FRC-1 formulation with 1:1 ratio of R:H has a maximum load of 195.25 N with graphical observation indicated no displacement or debonding area. In case of FRC-2, it has a lower maximum load of 105.26 N with a displacement or debonding area indicated by graphical observation. The characterization results suggested that FRC-1 sample with 1:1 ratio of R:H, showed the optimum formulation for rubber-to-textile adhesion. It forms largest adhesive product and has outstanding physical and mechanical qualities, particularly in the peel test, which measures the effectiveness of rubber-textile bonding.

Universiti Malaysia Sarawak has moved forward to transform the conventional academic curriculum in line with Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the Ministry of Education’s aspiration for future-ready curriculum transformation in academic programmes. The process of monitoring the implementation of Curriculum 4.0 in UNIMAS academic programmes involved a significant number of documents that are done manually due to records being kept in writing, printed using files and manual form. Thus, access to information is less organised, time consumed and require storage space. Furthermore, unsystematic, ununiform reporting on transformative teaching and learning with different formatting. A proposed system is developed by using Unified Modelling Language that consists of Use–Case Diagrams, Activity Diagram and Sequence Diagrams to interact between the users. In this prototype, all lecturers are required to fill in 14 criteria covering future-ready curricula such as curriculum structure, transformative learning teaching delivery, and alternative assessments. This system replaced the manual way of managing to monitoring, recording, analysing, and reporting the implementation of curriculum 4.0 elements and criteria in academic programmes including the transformative learning and teaching delivery practices. Furthermore, this proposed system is more efficient, accurate and user-friendly compared to manual implementation.

This study explores the possibility of utilizing green butanol, a promising type of biofuel, in diesel engines to measure its impact on engine performance and emissions. Experimental data were collected on several parameters, including brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), exhaust gas temperature, all of which are influenced by the biofuel type used, in this case, butanol. The study examined emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke opacity. Such emissions have the potential to improve with the use of different biofuels ratios, such as butanol. Advanced machine learning techniques, Elman and Cascade Neural Networks, were employed to predict the performance and emission characteristics of engines using butanol. The models were trained using a Conjugate Gradient Learning Function with Polak-Ribière Restarts to simulate the effects of butanol as biofuel, on diesel engines. Key findings revealed that when incorporating butanol into diesel fuel blends, potential improvements in BTE and fuel efficiency were observed. Notably, using butanol as a biofuel reduced exhaust gas temperatures and CO emissions, demonstrating the potential of this particular biofuel. Conversely, there were observed increases in HC emissions and smoke opacity, signifying the complexities of using biofuels such as butanol. Cascade neural network proved to be highly accurate in predicting engine performance parameters fueled with butanol as biofuel. Overall, the study offers valuable insights into the use of butanol as a biofuel, its potential benefits, and challenges, underscoring the importance of continuous research in sustainable biofuels such as butanol.

The rapid and uncontrolled transmission of COVID-19, causes the high morbidity and mortality rates of COVID-19 throughout the world, including West Sumatra (CFR 2.27%). This study aims to analyze the mortality of COVID-19 in West Sumatra and the risk factors that influence it. The research design retrospective cohort using secondary data on COVID-19 cases in West Sumatra from March 26, 2020 to June 7, 2021. The sampling technique is total sampling provided that the sample criteria are met. Data analysis used logistic regression method. 44,693 confirmed cases of COVID-19, 968 (2.17%) died and 43,725 (97.83%) did not die. Factors associated with COVID-19 mortality were age (RR 9.79; 95% CI 8.65-11.09), gender (RR 1.51; 95% CI 1.33-1.71), diabetes (RR 10.21; 95% CI 8.91-11.69), hypertension (RR 6.49; 95% CI 5.59-7.54), cardiovascular diseases (RR 9.57; 95% CI 8.17-11.21), COPD (RR 10.51; 95% CI 7.57-14.57), asthma (RR 2.03; 95% CI 1.23-3.34), and kidney diseases (RR 19.87; 95% CI 16.54-23.86). Kidney diseases are the most dominant factor associated with COVID-19 mortality (RR 16.07; 95% CI 11.34-22.78). COVID-19 patients with kidney disease have the highest risk of death. Treatment of patients with comorbidities must be prioritized and improve health promotion in at-risk groups.

Zingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Numerous studies on the modulating effects of plants and their bioactive compounds on the different steps of the immune system have been documented. This review aimed to highlight up-to-date research findings and critically analyze the modulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of several Zingiber and Alpinia species, namely, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Z. cassumunar Roxb., Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Alpinia galanga Linn., A. conchigera Griff, A. katsumadai Hayata, A. oxyphylla Miq., A. officinarum Hance, A. zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith, and A. purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum. on the immune system, particularly via the inflammation-related signaling pathways. The immunomodulating activities of the crude extracts of the plants have been reported, but the constituents contributing to the activities have mostly not been identified. Among the extracts, Z. officinale extracts were the most investigated for their in vitro, in vivo, and clinical effects on the immune system. Among the bioactive metabolites, 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols, 6-shogaol, and zerumbone from Zingiber species and cardamomin, 1′-acetoxychavicol acetate, yakuchinone, rutin, 1,8-cineole, and lectin from Alpinia species have demonstrated strong immunomodulating effects. More experimental studies using cell and animal models of immune-related disorders are necessary to further understand the underlying mechanisms, together with elaborate preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity studies. Many of these extracts and secondary metabolites are potential candidates for clinical development in immunomodulating agents or functional foods to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory disorders.

Expanding agricultural land by using sloping dry land can be detrimental to the environment due to soil erosion and degradation. However, cover crops can be one of the technologies applied to reduce these risks. Arachis pintoi is one of cover crops that can be used as bio mulch on agricultural land. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of A. pintoi bio mulch on soil nutrient contents and maize plant growth at different slopes. A nested randomized block design was used in the study. Two levels of land used as the main factor and the type of mulch consisting of five levels (without mulch with weeding, without mulch without weeding, silver-black plastic mulch, straw mulch, and A. pintoi bio mulch) were used as the second factor. The results showed that A. pintoi bio mulch significantly increased the P content of the soil and could potentially increase several other macronutrients, especially C-organic, N, and Ca. The use of A. pintoi bio mulch with a cover technique that was left to cover the entire soil surface suppressed the growth and yield of maize plants compared to the control treatment. Keywords: cover crops, mulch, ornamental peanut, soil fertility, rice straw

One of the important points of criminal law reform in the Criminal Code is the regulatory provision regarding living law. The Criminal Code authentically determines that living law is customary criminal law, which is declared valid and further regulated through Local Regulations. The absence of limitations related to customary criminal law standards that can be qualified as a living law has the potential to cause injustice. This study aims to analyze the urgency and the formulation of limitations on living law arrangements in the Criminal Code in realizing justice. The results of the study show that the urgency regarding limitations on living law arrangements in the Criminal Code is meant to protect human rights while at the same time preventing potential criminalization. The formulation of limitations of the living law arrangements in the Criminal Code is to realize justice. Therefore, the limitations of customary criminal law can be categorized as a living law according to the Criminal Code, that are: indigenous people still practice the law; these customary crimes do not conflict with the principles of the rule of law; they do not conflict with Pancasila values; and the crimes are further formulated by local regulations.

This study aims to develop interactive learning multimedia based on articulate storyline 3 on social arithmetic material for class VII students of SMP Negeri 12 Merangin which is valid, practical, and effective. This study uses research and development methods with the APPED model. These interactive learning multimedia was validated by five experts. Validity is seen from the validation sheet, the practicality of the response sheet and student interviews, and the effectiveness of learning outcomes and student learning activities. The results showed that the average score for the validation of mathematicians was 4.22 with a very valid category, Indonesian language experts 3.88 with a very valid category, media experts 4.78 with a very valid category, and teacher validation. mathematics 4.80 with a very valid category. The overall validity score is 4.58 with a very valid category. The proportion of students' responses was 82.27% in the practical category. The percentage of classical learning outcomes is 77.3% in the effective category and the average percentage of student activity is 68.64% in the active category. Based on the results of research and development, it was stated that interactive learning multimedia was valid, practical, and effective.

Introduction: Allium cepa extract has been reported to have anti-hypercholesterolemic activity in rats. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of standardized fermented A. cepa L. var aggregatum extract on cholesterol levels and HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. Methods: The fermented A. cepa extract was standardized by the presence of quercetin using a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The activity of the extract on HMG-CoA reductase was determined using HMG-CoA Assay kits, then measured by Nano spectrophotometry. In vivo study was conducted in hypercholesterolemic rats. The extract was administered orally at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body weight (bw) to rats for 21 days and the cholesterol levels were measured every week. Results: All doses of fermented A. cepa extract and its marker compound, quercetin, ameliorated the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as compared to those of negative control (P

This study analyzed the category shift on the translation of nominal suffixes in English and their equivalents in Indonesian. The data are taken from the novel Little Women by Louisa May Alcott and the Indonesian version translated by Annisa Cinantya Putri. This study used a qualitative method while the category shift was analyzed using Hatim & Munday framework. The result of the research shows that there are three kinds of shift that occurred: Class-shift (the changes of word classes), Structure-shift (the initial headword in English becomes the final in Indonesian), and Unit-shift (the changes of rank). The English nominal suffixes that are found in the novel can be equivalent to Indonesian affixes (suffix, prefix, confix, affix) combination reduplication, word, and phrase.

This research aims to find out the students’ achievement by using HOTS as learning strategy in reading comprehension at grade VIII of SMP Yayasan Perguruan Keluaraga Pematangsiantar. The aspect of students’ achievement overwhelming, remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. These aspects were seen in Descriptive text. The research subject belongs to students in class VIIIA and VIIIB. The data are collected using qualitative method, namely the type of basic interpretative studies in which the data obtained used questionnaires to the student in the form of a Google form. In collecting data questionnaires were shared to 65 respondents. It was used to describe the topic related to the phenomenon happen in reading comprehension through HOTS. The research findings highlight C1-C6 phase which almost of students gave positive response to each statement of criteria HOTS. The achievement in six aspects of reading comprehension used HOTS, they are remembering text with strongly agree scale 58,4%, understanding supporting sentence with strongly agree 50,2%, applying decoding process with agree scale 49,2%, analyzing main ideas with strongly agree 50,2%, evaluating inference with agree scale 51,7%, and creating new ideas with agree scale 53,3%.

This study describes character education in developing the affective domain for students, especially for junior high school students. Important character education is instilled in junior high school children who are intensively looking for identity, this character education is expected to form students who have morals and noble character in accordance with the 2013 curriculum. Teachers can develop subject matter through a local wisdom approach, which is owned by the area. One of the local wisdoms in Balaraja is the saga Nyimas Gamparan, which is packaged in an interesting picture story book. So the benefits of this study are; 1) Providing creative and innovative ideas for teachers in developing learning materials based on local wisdom through the saga of Nyimas Gamparan; 2) Motivating schools, teachers, parents, and the community to direct students who have positive attitudes towards the surrounding culture; and 3) motivate students in the formation of characters that will be useful in their lives.

ABSTRACT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pelet mengandung tepung daun Indigofera terhadap produktivitas kambing Boerka periode bunting dan laktasi. Ternak yang digunakan adalah kambing Boerka bunting bulan keempat sebanyak 60 ekor dengan variasi paritas ke 2 dan 3 dan rataan bobot badan saat dikawinkan adalah 32,63±5,29 kg. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan pakan dengan 20 kali ulangan: rumput lapang + Pelet komersil (R1); rumput lapang + pelet Indigofera 10% (R2); rumput lapang + pelet Indigofera 20% (R3). Parameter yang diukur adalah bobot badan anak lahir dan bobot badan anak prasapih (umur 3 bulan). Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA ) satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung daun Indigofera 10% memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot lahir anak kambing betina dan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap parameter lainnya namun cenderung menurun pada pemberian tepung daun Indigofera 20%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan tepung daun Indigofera dalam pelet sampai 20% memberikan pengaruh yang tidak nyata terhadap produktivitas kambing Boerka periode bunting dan laktasi. (Effect of dietary pellet containing indigofera leaf meal on productivity of Boerka goat at pregnancy and lactating period) ABSTRAK. The research was aimed to investigate effect of dietary pellet containing Indigofera leaf meal on productivity of Boerka goat at pregnancy and lactating period. A total of 60 heads of Boerka goat who were pregnant at 4th, parity of 2nd and 3rd and average of body weight when mated were 32,63±5,29 kg. Research used randomized block design with 3 feed treatments and 20 replicated: native grass + commercial pellet (R1); native grass + Indigofera’s pellet 10% (R2); native grass + Indigofera’s pellet 20%. The parameter measured were body weight of lamb born and body weight of lamb at pre-weaning (3 month aged). Data were analyzed used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) one way dan continued with Multiple’s Range Test of Duncan. The result of statistical analysis showed that dietary Indigofera leaf meal 10% gave significant effect on birth weight of female lamb and non significant effect on other parameters but tends to decreased in dietary Indigofera leaf meal 20%. It could be conclude that utilization of Indigofera leaf meal until 20% in pellet gave not significant effect on productivity of Boerka goat at pregnancy and lactating period.

This study aimed to determine the effect of mind mapping to increase the ability of the operation of summing downward rows of dyscalculia students. This research utilized Single Subject Reseacrh (SSR) with A-B-A design. A-B-A design consisted of three conditions, namely the initial baseline (A1), intervention (B), and the final baseline (A2). This research data were obtained from a male dyscalculia student at grade III elementary school through fourteen observations by implementing mind mapping. Then, the data were analyzed by using visual analysis of graphic data. The ability to do the operation of summing downward rows for students in the initial baseline observation (A1) obtained a percentage of 0%, 0%, 0% in three times observations. Then, the intervention (B) was carried out by applying mind mapping and it was found that the percentage increased for 90%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% in five times observations. Finally, the observation at the final baseline (A2) found that the percentage increased by 35%, 70%, 80%, 100%, 100%, 100% in six times observations. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that applying mind mapping was effective in increasing the ability to perform the operation of summing downward rows of dyscalculia students.

Purpose: E-government is one of the government's efforts to develop the implementation of electronic-based government activities in order to improve the quality of service to various parties effectively and efficiently. In the context of implementing e-government in Cirebon City, Cirebon City is carrying out a smart city or smart city movement with its vision of realizing Cirebon as a creative, innovative, synergistic and competitive smart city in 2028. Lots of programs have been implemented as supporters of the realization of the smart city movement in the city of Cirebon. Research with the title "Implementation of E-government in the Village Public Administration Electronic System Program (SEDULUR) in Kalijaga Village, Harjamukti District, Cirebon City", has a formulation of the problem of how to implement the sedulur program in Kalijaga Village, Harjamukti District, Cirebon City. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach that is descriptive. Determination of informants using purposive sampling. The theoretical foundation used is the Balanced E-government Scorecard theory with five dimensions in it, the five dimensions are: benefits, efficiency, participation, transparency, and change management. Findings: Based on the research that has been done, it is concluded that the implementation of e-government in Kalijaga Village, Harjamukti District, Cirebon City with case studies of the sedulur program has not been optimal in its implementation, this is because the sedulur program still wants to be developed so that later all people can access it without having to contact the head of the RW First of all, it's just that the budget was diverted during the Covid-19 pandemic which hampered the development of the Sedulur program. Practical implications: The efforts that have been made are with Harjamukti District supporting government programs related to people who are aware and obedient of paying taxes so that revenue-sharing funds (DBH) from these taxes can be allocated for the development of the sedulur program. Paper type: Research paper

As one of the important pests, fruit flies derived from Tephritidae family have caused the worst consequences in losing the economic value of fresh horticultural commodity including on the dragon fruits. As a prospective quarantine treatment, gamma irradiation has been thrived to eliminate totally the appearance of those adults’ flies with less impact on the fruit quality degradation. In this study, a series of irradiation dosages were examined to both the third instar larvae (subsequently from Bactrocera papayae, B. cucurbitae and B. carambolae) infesting fruits and the non-infested ones afterwards at 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 Gy. For a number of the infested fruits, a series of observations were persisted in at room temperature (27±1°C) until two weeks of the post-treatment period. Whereas the non-infested fruits were stored at 11±1°C for 17 days of the storage. Results showed that B. papayae required the highest recommended dosages (the effective dose = 248.4 Gy; the minimum dose = 225.1 Gy; the maximum dose = 279.6 Gy) for achieving LD0.99 rather than the other tested spesies. There were also no significant differences among each of the non-infested fruits in terms of altering of the observed physical attributes. This result has become a distinct indication that a higher dose value than the generic one is mostly recommended both for phytosanitary irradiation and stabilization of fruit quality.

Child Identity Card is issued by the government to encourage increased data collection, protection and public services to realize the best rights for children. The existence of Child Identity Card shows the government's seriousness in fulfilling the rights of Indonesian citizens who are still underage to obtain public service rights that are equal to adults. The collaboration between the Office of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil) of Wonosobo Regency to issue Child Identity Card in Sigedang is considered effective in targeting the community directly so that people can be more familiar with the functions and benefits of having Child Identity Card. This research belongs to the type of descriptive research using a qualitative approach which means this research describes a real phenomenon. There were 3 informants in this study as informants. The research data were obtained from various data sources, namely primary data and secondary data. Data collection is done through observation, interviews and documentation.

This study describes the Evaluation of Graduate Program on Time at Universitas Indraprasta PGRI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the program for graduating on time as a consideration for the Faculty of Indonesian Language Education to make policies regarding the accuracy of student graduation. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the evaluation model used is Countenance Stake. The results of this study are that the program graduated on time at the Department of Indonesian Language Education, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI to be actively carried out even though the results have not been maximized. This can be seen based on the pass rate of almost 78%. From the initial number of 404 students who signed a thesis KRS contract and passed as many as 314 students, the remaining 90 students were still thesis drafting. Based on the observation that starting from the Department, Lecturers, and Administration, they contribute to students to complete their thesis on time, so that there is no ratio of lecturers to the number of students.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Ministry of Religious Affairs policies in the development of entrepreneurial pondok pesantren (Islamic boarding schools). This research method used a qualitative descriptive approach. The primary data source comes from interviews and activity reports obtained directly from the office of the Directorate of Diniyah Education and Pondok Pesantren of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and other relevant documentation. Data analysis techniques used descriptive qualitative analysis, intended to find out the social reality of the Ministry of Religious Affairs as policymakers of entrepreneurial pondok pesantren assistance programs affected by the Covid-19 pandemic that was constructed by the mass media through advertising creators and newsmakers. The results showed that the Covid-19 pandemic also affected the economic life of the Islamic boarding schools. Hence, policies and strategic measures were needed to develope vocational life skill education programs designed to support the sustainable progress of business units at the schools. The entrepreneurial and vocational life kills of Islamic boarding schools movement initiated by the Ministry of Religious Affairs in collaboration with Bank Indonesia has broader implications on aspects of the reach of ummah economic empowerment and the economic independence of the Islamic boarding schools improved the welfare of the surrounding community. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap kebijakan Kementerian Agama dalam pengembangan entrepreneurial pondok pesantren. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data primer berasal dari wawancara dan laporan kegiatan yang diperoleh langsung dari kantor Direktorat Pendidikan Diniyah dan Pondok Pesantren Kementerian Agama, serta dokumentasi lainnya yang relevan. Tehnik analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif deskriptif, dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui realitas sosial Kementerian Agama sebagai pengambil kebijakan program bantuan entrepreneurial pondok pesantren terdampak akibat pandemi Covid-19 yang dikonstruk media massa melalui pencipta iklan dan pembuat berita. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 ikut berpengaruh pada kehidupan ekonomi pondok pesantren, sehingga diperlukan kebijakan dan langkah-langkah strategis dalam megembangkan program pendidikan lifeskill vokasional pondok pesantren yang dirancang untuk mendukung kemajuan unit bisnis pesantren secara berkelanjutan. Gerakan entrepreneurial dan pendidikan lifeskill vokasional pondok pesantren yang digagas Kementerian Agama bekerjasama dengan Bank Indonesia ini, memiliki implikasi yang lebih luas pada aspek jangkauan pemberdayaan ekonomi umat dan kemandirian ekonomi pesantren, serta peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar.

This paper aims to describe the pattern of fostering Al-Qur'an calligraphy learning. The research method uses descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques were interviews, observation, and documentation. The informants of this study were trainers and students in fostering Al-Qur'an calligraphy learning at the Development Institute for Tilawatil Qur’an (LPTQ) West Sumatra. The results of this study found that the pattern of coaching learning of Al-Qur'an calligraphy includes aspects of strict quality management and quality starting from input, process, and output. Quality input indicators are the qualifications of students and trainers. In the learning process aspect, two essential indicators support the achievement of higher-quality output: the quarantine system and the application of cooperative learning strategies. In addition, cooperative learning-based Al-Qur'an calligraphy development pattern has six work steps, including determining tasks, determining partners, implementing, investigating the correction team, products, and awards.

The transfer of rights or transactions does not exist in customary land tenure because it is a common property; thus, it can never be transferred to another party. On the other hand, in the Minangkabau indigenous community, West Sumatra, there is a shift in the concept of ulayat land tenure that occurs through two forms of change with six values: religious-magical, self-existence, socio-kinship, cultures and customs, structural and socio-economic asset values. This research will present the concept of the customary land tenure, which is based on these values. The study uses the socio-legal method with sociological approaches, including historical and case approaches. This research shows that there has been a change in land tenure values, moving from communal ownership to individual ownership. There has been an interaction between the laws, the incorporation interaction. It becomes the right concept for the customary land tenure in the future.

Pada saat ini pariwisata memiliki prospek yang baik dan menjanjikan. Jasa Karunia Tour and Travel merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jasa penyewaan bus, open trip, homestay, dan paket wisata. Dalam proses bisnis Jasa Karunia Tour and Travel saat ini, pelanggan harus datang langsung ke kantor untuk pemesanan layanan. Kemudian, ketika perusahaan mengadakan open trip saat libur panjang menyebabkan kesulitan dalam pengelolaan pesanan pelanggan yang diikutsertakan karena reservasi melebihi batas kuota yang ditentukan. Selain itu, proses pembayaran melalui transfer membutuhkan waktu identifikasi yang cukup panjang karena kendala bukti transfer pembayaran, yang menyebabkan proses validasi tidak terorganisir dengan baik. Untuk itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan mengimplementasikan aplikasi reservasi pada Jasa Karunia Tour and Travel yang dapat melakukan reservasi, mengelola pesanan open trip, dan menerapkan payment gateway dalam pengelolaan sistem pembayaran untuk meminimalisir kesalahan bertransaksi. Metodologi pengembangan perangkat yang digunakan yaitu Rational Unified Process (RUP) dengan tahapan Inception, Elaboration, Construction, dan Transition. Fitur Payment Gateway yang digunakan dalam aplikasi ini yaitu library payment gateway dari Midtrans. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa aplikasi reservasi yang diimplementasikan di perusahaan Jasa Karunia Tour and Travel sebagai pendukung pengelolaan reservasi produk layanan jasa Tour and Travel.

Peningkatan kebutuhan energi terutama bahan bakar minyak yang tidak diimbangi dengan ketersediaan sumber energi tak terbarukan akan mengakibatkan kelangkaan energi. Pembuatan bahan bakar terbarukan merupakan solusi untuk mengatasi kelangkaan tersebut, salah satunya bioetanol. Biomassa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) merupakan bahan baku yang cocok untuk pembuatan bioetanol karena jumlahnya yang melimpah dan mengandung lignoselulosa. Bioetanol dapat diperoleh melalui proses fermentasi dengan metode yang digunakan adalah Fed Batch Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation. Pretreatment berupa size reduction dan delignifikasi direkomendasikan sebelum proses hidrolisis enzimatik dan fermentasi secara serentak. Metode pengumpanan Fed Batch pada High Total Solid Loading (HTSL) direkomendasikan sebagai strategi pengumpanan pada proses hidrolisis enzimatik dengan jumlah frekuensi yang tinggi memberikan hasil kadar etanol lebih tinggi. The enhancement of energy needs, especially fuel, that is not complemented by the availability of non-renewable energy sources, would affect the deficient of energy. The production of renewable fuel such as bioethanol is a solution to overcome that deficiency. One of the substrates that are appropriate to be processed into bioethanol is Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) because of abundant and lignocellulosic biomass. Bioethanol can be produced through the fermentation process by Fed-Batch Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation method. Size reduction and delignification for pretreatment are recommended before the simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis process and fermentation. Using the fed-batch as a feeding method of High Total Solid Loading (HTSL) is recommended for feeding strategy in hydrolysis enzymatic process with high frequency that can produce a higher yield of ethanol.

This study aims to provide a study by describing the effectiveness of CEFE training management in perfecting an entrepreneurship training program. The research method applied is a qualitative approach with an Emic view, then data collection involves MSME actors, assistants, and coordinators as well as data collection tools with observation, documentation, interviews, and tests. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the management of the CEFE training was very helpful in training management and specifically to deal with problems in the business world, then based on the discussion carried out, the management of the training model was more structured and focused when compared to not implementing the training model. This management applies real simulations to the entrepreneurial world which makes this model very suitable to be applied to entrepreneurship training programs. The impact of this research is to create insight into employment opportunities, increase entrepreneurial insight and create a family spirit, and train participants to develop businesses through business partners

In this study, designing a health monitoring system with an Android-based Application of Health Detector (AHD) application. The data displayed is an input for multi-sensor readings from the detection of body health. From the detected health, it will provide a determination of the body's health condition, using the fuzzy mandani algorithm. The variables calculated were age, gender, heart rate, body temperature, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood oxygen levels. The stages of the fuzzy mamdani method in determining body health conditions include the formation of fuzzy sets, application of implications functions, and composition of rules. From the results of this study, it was found that the age factor affects health conditions. Older people tend to have indications of health conditions, only some of them have indicated health conditions, and almost all of them have healthy health conditions. The level of accuracy of the fuzzy mamdani method in this study was 85.18%. This is because in this study many variables are used which causes many rules to be made so that they are prone to errors.

STUDI KELAYAKAN YELLOWCAKE HASIL SAMPING PETROKIMIA GRESIK SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PROSES PEMURNIAN DAN KONVERSI DI FASILITAS PILOT CONVERSION PLANT. Fasilitas Pilot Conversion Plant (PCP) telah berhasil digunakan untuk pemurnian dan konversi yellowcake komersial dari Cogema – Perancis. Sehingga, untuk mendukung kemandirian bangsa, dilakukan pengkajian proses pemurnian dan konversi menggunakan sumber yellowcake dalam negeri. Salah satu sumber yellowcake dalam negeri adalah yellowcake hasil samping proses yang dilakukan di Petrokimia Gresik. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui karakteristik dan sifat khusus yellowcake Petrokimia Gresik dan peluang penggunaan PCP sebagai fasilitas pemurnian dan konversi yellowcake tersebut. Kegiatan pengkajian dilakukan dengan membandingan karakteristik sifat kimia dan fisika yellowcake Petrokimia dengan yellowcake Cogema yang telah berhasil diproses di PCP. Informasi primer mengenai karakteristik kedua yellowcake didapatkan dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, sedangkan informasi sekunder didapatkan dari literatur terkait. Informasi tersebut digunakan juga untuk menentukan parameter proses yang diperlukan di PCP untuk pemurnian dan konversi yellowcake dari Petrokimia Gresik. Hasil pengkajian ini menunjukkan bahwa yellowcake Petrokimia Gresik layak digunakan sebagai umpan proses pemurnian dan konversi di PCP. Yellowcake Petrokimia Gresik lebih mudah ditangani namun memerlukan asam nitrat lebih banyak dibandingkan pelarutan yellowcake Cogema. Nilai parameter proses pemurnian dan konversi yellowcake Petrokimia Gresik yang telah didapatkan meliputi proses pelarutan yellowcake, pemurnian uranil nitrat, pemekatan uranil nitrat, pengendapan uranil nitrat menjadi ammonium diuranat (ADU), pengeringan serbuk ADU, kalsinasi ADU menjadi serbuk U3O8 dan reduksi serbuk U3O8 menjadi serbuk UO2 untuk yellowcake Petrokimia Gresik tidak berbeda dengan yellowcake Cogema. Kata kunci: PCP, Pemurnian yellowcake, Konversi yellowcake, Yellowcake Petrokimia.

Owing to the properties such as analgesic, clove oil is commonly used as medicine, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimicrobial drugs. The possibility of clove oil encapsulation as a solid macrocapsule was studied by making Ca-Alginate-Gelatine macrocapsules. The process variables used were variations in Alginate concentration of 1% and 1.5% w/v, and the mass ratio between alginate-gelatine was varied between 1: 4, 1: 6, and 1: 8 w/w. In addition, variations in the concentration of CaCl2 (10%, 20% and 30% w/v) as a cross-linking agent for the formation of Ca-Alginate complexes were also used as process variables. The increase of alginate, gelatine and CaCl2 concentration seems to decreased the encapsulation efficiency because of the limitation of the free space volume formed in the Ca-Alginate-Gelatine matrix. The highest encapsulation efficiency (93.08%) was obtained in the use of Alginate 1% w/v, with a ratio of alginate to gelatine 1: 4 and cross-linking in a 10% w/v CaCl2 solution for 15 minutes.

IntroductionThe lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) is a new immunoinflammatory score and prognostic marker, but the relationship between this index and the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients remains controversial.Therefore, aim of the study was to assess the relationship between LCR and prognosis for colorectal cancer patients through a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled studies and observational studies on the relationship between LCR and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients, all searched from the date of database creation to January 6, 2022.Our primary endpoints observed were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of colorectal cancer patients, and secondary observables were basic characteristics of included studies, such as country, study duration, sample size, LCR threshold, and pathological characteristics of patients in each study, such as degree of differentiation, gender, tumor location, T stage, and lymphatic metastasis.ResultsA total of 10 case-control studies including 7068 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were worse in colorectal cancer patients with lower levels of LCR (HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.38-0.52, P0.05).Discussion/ConclusionLCR can be used as a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer patients, and patients with lower levels of LCR may have a poor prognosis. Due to the limitation of the number and quality of the included studies, the above findings need to be validated by more high-quality studies.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022296563.

Augmented reality is the technology that superimposes a computer-generated digital content on a user's view of the real world in a real time so users can experience the real virtual objects. The use of augmented reality has spread into various industries, for an example in the fashion industry. One of fashion industry type is hairstyle industry. Eka Salon is a beauty salon that provides beauty treatments for women's hair care. This salon has a problem that customer are not satisfacted with the results of their new haircut because that doesnt match with their expectations. This can be seen from the results of observations at Eka Salon is resulted that 8 out of 15 interviewed customers were not satisfied with their new haircuts because it did not match the appearance in the catalog. In this research, an augmented reality hairstyles will be made that can visualize how the shape of the selected hairstyle by the customer without having to cut their hair first. The Viola-Jones method was chosen as the method used in this study because it has a high accuracy of 90% in face detection. The result of this research is that the Viola-Jones method can detect facial surfaces and generate a 3D hairstyle model distance to 100cm properly. The test of the acceptance level of this application is carried out by Eka Salon customers with an average percentage of 84.3%.

Psychological well-being (PWB) is synonymous with happiness which is important for every prisoner. PWB is important for prisoners considering prisoners have different lives and Prisoners are increasingly depressed by the label of villains from the community. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of group counseling with the solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) approach to improve prisoners' pwb. This study used a quasi-experimental design with repeated measurements (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up). The research subjects were divided into two, namely 7 prisoners in the experimental group and 7 prisoners in the control group. Subjects were selected using purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria and PWB levels obtained from the psychological well-being scale. This study's results indicate that group counseling with the SFBT approach is proven to be effective in increasing PWB of Class II A prisoners in Pekalongan City during the pre-test vs post-test, and post-test vs follow-up. This study's results can be used as a consideration, reference, and alternative for counselors to use the SFBT approach in dealing with problems related to psychology, especially PWB.

Equipment performance is very important in the production process. Equipment performance can be determined by overall equipment effectiveness performance (OEE) and maintenance strategies. This study encourages the use of OEE, in addition to the estimated total maintenance costs, of rental equipment as a consideration in determining optimal maintenance strategies. Meanwhile, the proposed maintenance strategies are corrective maintenance (CM) and a combination of CM with preventive maintenance (PM). The aim of this study was to obtain a maintenance strategy that would minimize the estimated total maintenance costs and increase OEE. Mathematical models of estimated total maintenance costs are developed based on maintenance strategies generated by each maintenance combination. The results of this study showed that when a rental period increases by two years, a combination of CM and PM strategies will cause maintenance costs to increase by 37.54%. Meanwhile, if the lessor only does CM, the increase will be greater (i.e., 55.12%). Comparison of the two strategies revealed that the combination of PM with CM is more efficient than CM alone. Further, OEE experienced an average decline of 3.7% despite the maintenance strategy.

This paper was aimed to provide knowledge that Dzikir can be used as an alternative therapy in sufistic counseling. Sufis have the view that all the problems faced by all individuals come from an uneasy heart or mind, so the first process of giving assistance to be done is to organize the heart or mind. Dzikir as a therapy in sufistic counseling is interesting to be studied further by using a grounded theory in qualitative research method. The results show that dhikr therapy is one of the sufistic counseling techniques that can be used to heal an uneasy heart or mind. Dzikir will make the counselee closer to the creator, namely Allah. In addition, dhikr makes the counselee aware of the essence of himself as a creature of God so that the powers of the soul emerge that will help the counselee overcome problems at hand. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan bahwa berdzikir dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif terapi dalam konseling sufistik. Para sufi mempunyai pandangan bahwa semua masalah yang dihadapi oleh semua individu berasal dari hati atau batin yang tidak tenang, sehingga proses pemberian bantuan yang pertama harus dilakukan adalah menata hati atau batin. Dzikir sebagai terapi dalam konseling sufistik menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif jenis grounded theory. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terapi dzikir merupakan salah satu teknik konseling sufistik yang dapat digunakan untuk menyembuhkan hati atau batin yang tidak tenang. Berdzikir akan menjadikan konseli lebih dekat dengan sang pencipta yaitu Allah. Selain itu berdzikir menjadikan konseli dapat menyadari esensi diri sebagai mahluk Allah, sehingga muncul kekuatan-kekuatan dari jiwa yang akan membantu konseli mengatasi maslaah masalah yang sedang dihadapi.

Blind people are people with disabilities due to the dysfunction of the sense of vision, this condition triggers the birth of various mental disorders. This qualitative study tries to examine the mental problems of blind vision disorders in the Sahabat Mata Semarang Community and the solutions the management is trying to overcome. The results of the study show that mental disorders with visual impairments include difficulties in adapting to the environment, anxiety about the future of a career and soul mate, prolonged stress due to dependence on others and no economic independence, and do not yet have self-acceptance. One of the efforts undertaken by the management of this community is to build peer social support, namely support provided by fellow blind people in the form of emotional support, appreciation support, structural support, information support, and real assistance. The various supports are built by holding regular recitals, monthly community meetings, and building good interpersonal relationships. Such peer social support, felt blind can provide alternative solutions and a variety of mental disorder problems they experience. Tunanetra merupakan penyandang disabilitas akibat ketidakberfungsian indera penglihatan keadaan inilah yang memicu lahirnya berbagai gangguan mental. Penelitian kualitatif ini mencoba mengkaji problem mental disorder tunanetra di Komunitas Sahabat Mata Semarang dan solusi yang diupayakan pengelola untuk mengatasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan problem mental disorder tunanetra di sana antara lain seperti kesulitan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan, cemas terhadap masa depan baik karir dan jodoh, stres berkepanjangan akibat bergantung kepada orang lain dan tidak memiliki kemandirian ekonomi, dan belum memiliki penerimaan diri. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pengelola komunitas ini adalah membangun dukungan sosial sebaya yaitu dengan memberikan dukungan emosional, penghargaan, instrumental, informasi dan dukungan secara nyata. Berbagai dukungaan tersebut dibangun dengan mengadakan pengajian rutin, pertemuan bulanan komunitas, dan membangun hubungan interpersonal yang baik. Dukungan sosial sebaya yang demikian, dirasakan tunanetra mampu memberikan alternatif solusi dan beragam problem mental disorder yang mereka alami.

IMPROVEMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF SMAN 11 PANDEGLANG STUDENTS THROUGH “HOW TO SPEAK ENGLISH CONFIDENTLY” ENGLISH TRAINING. Confidence is the key of success in education. Armed with confidence, every student could certainly develop into a human with a good character. Student who are confident will be able to accept himself, ready to accept the challenge in the sense of want to try something new even though aware that the possibility of one must have and tend to be more succesful in doing what he want. The objective of this community service activity is to provide scientific assistance to the students of SMAN 11 Pandeglang Banten in learning English,especially how to speak English confidently. The community service activity was carried out in the form of short training with members of 40 students held in the hall of SMAN 11 Pandeglang Banten. The method used in this community service activity is lecturing, drilling, questioning and practicing. Based on observation during this community service activity, several results were obtained. The result of this community service activity are increased insight of students of SMAN 11 Pandeglang Banten on speaking english confidently. The students in SMAN 11 Pandeglang Banten can speak fluently, dare to ask and declare in front of the class.

IMPROVEMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPETENCE FOR UNMA BANTEN LECTURERS THROUGH TOEFL STRATEGIES AND PREDICTIONS TRAINING. English language training activity in community service is intended to improve English language competence, especially when answering questions in the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) for lecturers at Mathla'ul Anwar University (Unma), Banten. This training was conducted in the form of a short one-day training with 12 lecturers taking place in the Unma Banten hall. The material covered was TOEFL at glance, 12 Strategies for Listening comprehen-tones, 25 strategies for Structure and written expressions, and 6 strategies for reading comprehension. The training begins with a pre-test and ends with a post-test TOEFL questions as well as a prediction of scores and how to calculate TOEFL scores obtained by all trainees. The methods used in community service activities were lecturing, question and answer, discussion and demonstration methods. Based on observations during the community service activities, several positive results were obtained including: (1) The participants showed very high attention to the training material, (2) The participants showed a positive reaction to the material in answering the questions about the questions and how to calculate their values in the training, (3) The participants actively asked questions and revealed the problems they were experiencing. during this time and they are eager to implement strategies/skills in doing on the TOEFL problem, (4) The participants looked serious and confident in discussing the exercises on the TOEFL questions. The result of this community service is the increasing insight of Unma Banten lecturers about the TOEFL and how to answer questions and how to calculate the TOEFL score. In addition, they are more confident in using English and are motivated to learn English well.

Kejadian ketidakamanan pelayaran di perairan Indonesia oleh Pembajakan dan Perampokan. Dalam insiden (2007-2018) di mana kerugian dilaporkan, kehilangan kargo adalah yang paling umum (33%), diikuti oleh bagian-bagian mesin (15%) dan barang tidak aman (4%). Sementara dari 27 insiden yang dilaporkan pada 2018, tidak ada yang dicuri hanya dalam 10 insiden (37%). Kerugiannya tentu tidak kecil dan mengancam kelangsungan bisnis perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari Juni 2018 hingga Desember 2018. Penelitian dilakukan pada perusahaan pelayaran di Jakarta, badan keamanan laut, Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut dan TNI AL. Data dan fakta dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan diuji dengan teknik analisis data Analytic Network Process (ANP). Hasilnya sebagai berikut: Fungsi Manajemen Risiko dengan prioritas 0,39092 adalah kriteria dengan prioritas tertinggi. Kemudian berturut-turut mempertahankan proses bisnis dengan prioritas 0,27899, Dokumentasi 0,18325 dan Pengawasan Manajemen dengan prioritas 0,14684. Dari hasil tersebut, kami dapat merekomendasikan bahwa faktor yang paling penting untuk kelangsungan bisnis industri pelayaran adalah Fungsi Manajemen Risiko. Priority Analysis of Indonesia's Delivery Industry Continuity Factors Using Analytic Network Process (ANP) ABSTRACT The incidence of shipping insecurity in Indonesian waters by piracy and robbery. In incidents (2007-2018) where losses were reported, cargo loss was the most common (33%), followed by engine parts (15%) and unsafe goods (4%). While of the 27 incidents reported in 2018, none were stolen in only 10 incidents (37%). The loss is certainly not small and threatens the company's business continuity. This research was conducted from June 2018 to December 2018. The research was conducted on shipping companies in Jakarta, marine security agencies, the Directorate General of Sea Transportation and the Indonesian Navy. Data and facts were collected using a questionnaire and tested with the Analytic Network Process (ANP) data analysis techniques. The results are as follows: The Risk Management function with a priority of 0.39092 is the criteria with the highest priority. Then maintain business processes with priority 0.27899, Documentation 0.18325 and Management Supervision with priority 0.14684. From these results, we can recommend that the most important factor for the continuity of the shipping industry business is the Risk Management Function. Keywords: Shipping Industry, Business Continuity, Analytic Network Process

This research departs from the various empowerment strategies implemented in each community empowerment agency. Heterogeneous environmental conditions become a consideration in implementing empowerment strategies to the community. The empowerment strategy becomes the main capital to attract the attention of the community to take the empowerment program seriously. Cooperatives are a forum for community empowerment in the economic field. This research was conducted because there is a uniqueness found in the empowerment program. This institution of empowerment does not only empower the community economically but also socially, environmentally and spiritually. This study uses qualitative methods of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The findings of this study are empowerment strategies using Holistic Development which in turn is able to develop community life dimensions in an integrated manner so as to make the community independent and prosperous.

Pengolahan air limbah merupakan proses mengolah air buangan yang sudah tidak terpakai untuk dapat dikembalikan ke siklus air di lingkungan. Unit Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) PT. Indonesia Power digunakan untuk mengolah air limbah yang berasal dari berbagai sumber salah satunya yaitu HRSG Sump Pit. Buangan air limbah yang berasal dari HRSG Sump Pit memiliki kandungan fosfat dikarenakan adanya penambahan fosfat pada unit sebelumnya yang bertujuan sebagai inhibitor proses korosi. Karakteristik limbah cair dapat ditentukan dari beberapa parameter diantaranya nilai pH, optical density (OD), dan kadar fosfat. Pengolahan air limbah dilakukan agar limbah cair yang dihasilkan dapat memenuhi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengaplikasikan reaksi fotokatalisis berbasis katalis TiO2/karbon aktif pada berbagai komposisi katalis dan durasi penyinaran. Proses fotokatalisis dilakukan dengan penambahan katalis pada perbandingan komposisi TiO2/karbon aktif 10:1, 5:1, 3:1 dan 2:1. Sedangkan lama waktu penyinaran 3, 4, 5, dan 6 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH terendah sesuai baku mutu yaitu 8,13 dan penurunan kadar fosfat sebesar 70,12% mampu dicapai pada komposisi katalis TiO2/karbon aktif 3:1 dengan durasi penyinaran 5 jam. Penurunan OD tertinggi dicapai pada kondisi perbandingan komposisi katalis TiO2/karbon aktif 10:1 dan durasi penyinaran 6 jam yaitu sebesar 98,86%. Water treatment is the process of treating water discharges that are not used to be discarded into the environment. Wastewater Treatment Unit Plant (WWTP) of PT. Indonesia Power is used to treat wastewater coming from several sources, one of which is HRSG Sump Pit. Wastewater from the HRSG Pit contains phosphate which is related to the phosphate addition in the previous unit which is needed as an inhibitor of corrosion process. The characteristics of liquid waste can be determined from several parameters such as pH value, optical density (OD), and phosphate content. Wastewater treatment is carried out to obtain liquid waste which comply to the quality standards before being discarded into the environment. This research was carried out by applying the photocatalysis reaction based on catalyst TiO2-activated carbon with various catalyst compositions and irradiation duration. The process of photocatalysis was carried out by adding catalysts to the ratio of the composition of TiO2 / activated carbon 10:1, 5:1, 3:1 and 2:1. While the irradiation time is 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours. The results show that the lowest pH according to quality standards was 8.13 and a reduction in phosphate content of 70.12% was achieved in the 3: 1 TiO2/activated carbon catalyst composition with a 5-hour irradiation duration. The highest OD reduction was achieved under the condition ratio of catalyst composition of TiO2/activated carbon 10:1 and the irradiation duration of 6 hours that was equal to 98.86%.

Mango pulp weevil (MPW) and mango seed weevil (MSW) are found in only three species in the world, namely Sternochetus frigidus (MPW), Sternochetus mangiferae (MSW) and Sternochetus olivieri (MSW). These pests are the main pests for mango in several countries including Indonesia. But there is currently no report on the status of the three insects of Sternochetus in Indonesia, so that the information received by the Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) as a worldwide plant pest data center is based on Kalshoven (1981). The purpose of this study was to identify species, to test the attack level and to conduct no-choice test on Sternochetus host in mango. This study was conducted at the Applied Research Institute of Agriculture Quarantine from March to October 2017. Kuweni fruit (Mangifera odorata) that was confirmed to be infested by Sternochetus insect was collected from Pesisir selatan District of West Sumatra, North Lampung District, Lubuk Linggau District of South Sumatera and Bekasi District of West Java Provinces respectively. The species identification was performed on the male genital (aedeagus) of the insect, which was obtained from the Kuweni fruit aged 95-115 days. The fruit collection from the three locations have identified S. frigidus species, with overlapping apical sclerite characteristics. In Bekasi District, S. frigidus insect could not infest the Kuweni fruit. Attack level test of S. frigidus in kuweni fruit in all three locations reached 93%. The result of host status test with no choice test showed that S. frigidus was able to infest harum manis and manalagi mango (Mangifera indica) and did not infest sapodilla fruit.

Pisang Island is one of the leading objects of tourist destinations in Pesisir Barat Regency, Lampung Province and has a good potential to be developed for ecotourism. The present problems are the tourist visits that caused disruption and decline in the environmental quality it is important to know the maximum limit of tourist visits to prevent environmental damage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the carrying capacity of the ecotourism sites. The study was conducted in June 2018 - January 2019. The research method used a geographic information system (GIS). The tourism track data that was taken using a global positioning system (GPS) tracker processed using Arc Gis 10.3. The data obtained was then calculated to determine the ecotourism’s physical, real and effective carrying capacity. The results revealed that the physical carrying capacity at Pulau Pisang was 175,000 individuals/day, while for real and effective carrying capacity were 27,887 individuals/day and 744 individuals/day respectively. The number of visitors who visit during working days was below the carrying capacity. However, the visit was over the carrying capacity during a holiday such as Idul Fitri days. Therefore, it is necessary to limit visitors during holidays so that environmental sustainability and the comfort of the visit could be maintained. Keywords: ecotourism area, physical, real, effective carrying capacity, Pisang Island

This study aims to analyze the existing conditions of the solid waste management system in Pasaman Barat Regency and discuss the alternative development of solid waste management systems with a solid waste treatment approach At the regional and municipal scale as a solution to the problem of solid waste management in Pasaman Barat Regency. From this study it is known that the level of existing solid waste management services was only 9.13% of total solid waste generated. The problems faced in solid waste management in Pasaman Barat Regency were still high levels of unserved solid waste, inadequate operational facilities and infrastructure for solid waste management, uneven handling of solid waste in service area coverage and the low practice of waste minimization and utilization. The solid waste man-agement system in Pasaman West Regency in the future can apply a combination of solid waste manage-ment approaches at the regional level based on Solid Waste Treatment Station with reduce-reuse-recycle approach (TPS 3R) in domestic areas and treatment at the city level based on Intergrated Solid Waste Treatment Station (TPST) at the landfill site, with the development of the system planned for 15 years, solid waste volume taken into the landfill site can be reduced by 22.40%

Curcuma species (family: Zingiberaceae) are widely utilized in traditional medicine to treat diverse immune-related disorders. There have been many scientific studies on their immunomodulating effects to support their ethnopharmacological uses. In this review, the efficacy of six Curcuma species, namely, C. longa L., C. zanthorrhiza Roxb., C. mangga Valeton & Zijp, C. aeruginosa Roxb. C. zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe, and C. amada Roxb., and their bioactive metabolites to modulate the immune system, their mechanistic effects, and their potential to be developed into effective and safe immunomodulatory agents are highlighted. Literature search has been carried out extensively to gather significant findings on immunomodulating activities of these plants. The immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma species were critically analyzed, and future research strategies and appropriate perspectives on the plants as source of new immunomodulators were discussed. Most of the pharmacological investigations to evaluate their immunomodulatory effects were in vivo and in vitro experiments on the crude extracts of the plants. The extracts were not chemically characterized or standardized. Of all the Curcuma species investigated, the immunomodulatory effects of C. longa were the most studied. Most of the bioactive metabolites responsible for the immunomodulating activities were not determined, and mechanistic studies to understand the underlying mechanisms were scanty. There are limited clinical studies to confirm their efficacy in human. Of all the bioactive metabolites, only curcumin is undergoing extensive clinical trials based on its anti-inflammatory properties and main use as an adjuvant for the treatment of cancer. More in-depth studies to understand the underlying mechanisms using experimental in vivo animal models of immune-related disorders and elaborate bioavailability, preclinical pharmacokinetics, and toxicity studies are required before clinical trials can be pursued for development into immunomodulatory agents.