Search

Virtual teams become more and more courant in today’s organisations for New Product Development (NPD) of a new product, service, system or organisational process. As potential partners of those projects are spread out over countries, organisations need access to a dynamic communication to increase de-centralisation and globalisation of work processes. Many organisations have responded to this dynamic environment by introducing virtual teams. These virtual teams have specific characteristics including distance of geography or time and cultural or organisational differences. In this PhD thesis we provide a preliminary design of a tool of support to build virtual teams, named Virtual Team Building Support System (VTB Support System). The VTB Support System functions as tool of analysis, communication and planning for virtual team building in the domain of NPD. This tool is a support that facilitates the constitution of a virtual team not only in organisations but also in projects without a real organisational structure. The VTB Support System identifies requirements and provides recommendations and adaptable technical solutions that permit to build a virtual team. In a virtual environment, project members can change frequently, which necessitates to identify the requirements of a VTB Support System to build those virtual teams. The process of virtual team building is not just limited to team development under the aspect of human resources or human interactions but takes also the organisation of working processes into account. The recommendations for virtual team building take into consideration three domains that are precisely presented in this work as Virtual Project Management (VPM), Competence Management (CM) and Virtual Team Interaction (VTI). In order to provide the VTB Support System, we choose the holistic approach of the functional analysis. This allows us to identify all the functions of the VTB Support System that describe the requirements of such a system. Then, we use the tool of Quality Function Deployment (QFD), especially the “house of quality”, to deduce substantiated recommendations of the most important functions that are detected by the functional analysis. The house of quality allows representing the recommendations or technical solutions and the functions (issues of a functional analysis) in a matrix and to evaluate if a recommendation or a technical solution satisfies the demand of one or multiple functions. The VTB Support System is applied in three different cases, which underlines the generic aspect of the model., Les équipes virtuelles deviennent de plus en plus courantes dans les organisations actuelles pour la conception de produit, service, système ou processus organisationnel. Etant donné que des partenaires potentiels de ces projets de conception peuvent être répartis dans de nombreux pays, ces organisations doivent accéder à des modes de communication dynamiques qui permettent cette mondialisation. De nombreuses organisations ont répondu aux contraintes d’un tel environnement dynamique par l’introduction d’équipes virtuelles. Celles-ci ont des caractéristiques particulières incluant la distance géographique, temporelle et des différences organisationnelles et culturelles. Dans notre travail, nous proposons une conception préliminaire d’un outil d’aide au montage d’équipes virtuelles dénommé Virtual Team Building Support System (VTB Support System). Le VTB Support System fonctionne comme un outil d’analyse, communication et planification du montage d’équipes virtuelles dans le domaine de développement de nouveaux produits. Cet outil est un support qui facilite la constitution d’une équipe virtuelle non seulement dans des organisations mais aussi dans des projets sans réelle structure organisationnelle. Le VTB Support System identifie des besoins et apporte des recommandations et des solutions techniques adaptables permettant la constitution d’une équipe virtuelle. Dans un environnement virtuel, les membres d’une équipe projet peuvent changer fréquemment, ceci nécessite d’identifier les exigences d’un système de support d’aide au montage de telles équipes. Le processus de constitution d’une équipe virtuelle ne se limite pas uniquement au développement du groupe et aux aspects ressources humaines ou des interactions humaines, mais prend également en compte l’organisation des processus de travail. Les recommandations pour la constitution d’équipes virtuelles sont considérées sous trois domaines qui sont précisément présentés dans notre travail par management de projet virtuel (VPM), management de compétence (CM) et l’interaction d’équipe virtuelle (VTI). Dans le but d’élaborer le VTB Support System, nous choisissons l’approche globale de l’analyse fonctionnelle. Cela nous permet d’identifier toutes les fonctions du VTB Support System qui décrivent les exigences d’un tel système. Ensuite, nous utilisons le Quality Function Deployment (QFD), en particulier la «maison de qualité», pour déduire des recommandations sur les fonctions les plus importantes détectées par l’analyse fonctionnelle. La maison de qualité permet de représenter dans une matrice les recommandations ou solutions techniques et les fonctions (issues d’une analyse fonctionnelle) et d’évaluer si une recommandation/ solution satisfait une ou plusieurs fonctions. Le VTB Support System est appliqué dans trois cas différents qui soulignent l’aspect générique du modèle.

Article dans revue scientifique avec comité de lecture. internationale./http://www.springerlink.com/; International audience; Developing a collaboration solution, that scales to an entire organization, that offers an integrated collection of cooperation tools, that is general enough to address a large range of applications, and that is easy to deploy for most people, is still an open challenge. This paper presents ToxicFarm services that are an integral part of a framework for hosting Internet virtual teams. The originality of this work is in providing a synthesis between contributions from different domains, including version management in software engineering, process management in data engineering, and awareness in groupware tools. The paper describes the overall services offered, discusses design choices for their integration and implementation, presents relations with existing work and describes their use in several emerging e-business application domains, such as e-finance, e-learning and e-telecom.

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. internationale.; International audience; Virtual teams provider is an emerging business on the Internet. It allows people to work together distributed across space, time and organizations. This paper overviews and discusses a set of generic services requested to host a virtual team. These services and their integration are illustrated thanks to the ToxicFarm environment developed by the authors.

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. internationale.; International audience; Collaboration flow management is a new paradigm for virtual team support which aims at assisting the opportunistic flow of collaboration within a distributed project, considered as a living and self-organizing system. Such a flow includes informal and formal, synchronous and asynchronous, task-oriented and project management-oriented collaborative sessions. Some of them are elements of model-driven issue-based process fragments. The paper defines the collaboration flow management paradigm and describes our Java prototype of collaboration flow management system through a realistic scenario. The paper also discusses how a high level of flexibility is obtained through a set of design choices and object oriented implementation techniques.