209 results on '"*FOREST biodiversity conservation"'
Search Results
2. A Sanctuary in the Heart of Costa Rican Rainforest: Saving La Ceiba.
- Author
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Chakour, Vanessa
- Subjects
FOREST protection ,FOREST conservation ,NATIONAL parks & reserves ,NATURE reserves ,NATURE parks ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,WILDLIFE conservation - Abstract
The article shares the efforts of the Jaguar Rescue Center (JRC) to save and protect the La Ceiba Natural Reserve, a privately owned primary forest in Puerto Viejo de Limon, Costa Rica. Focus is given on the conservation efforts of the JRC to save the homes of wild animals. It offers a look at ecotourism in Costa Rica and the biodiversity of Puerto Viejo de Limon, as well as rescue tactics to protect animals against the increasing pressure from a growing human population and noise pollution.
- Published
- 2024
3. Wotching out for threatened species
- Author
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Forster, Hayley
- Published
- 2024
4. Strzelecki ranges and the SKAT campaign
- Author
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Amis, Anthony
- Published
- 2024
5. Brazilian forest code: Advances and setbacks
- Author
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Magano, Deivid Araujo, Carvalho, Ivan Ricardo, Hutra, Danieli Jacoboski, Loro, Murilo Vieira, Tremea, Marta, Bubans, Valeria Escaio, Lautenchleger, Francine, Ferreira, Luiz Leonardo, Machado, Maicon Roberto Ribeiro, and Jeronimo, Joaquim Almerio
- Published
- 2021
6. Building ecosystems to support the forest bioeconomy
- Author
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Chambost, Virginie, Nemes, Paul, Dedual, Gaetano, von Weymarn, Niklas, Elder, Julian, and Lester, Tim
- Published
- 2022
7. Providing guideline principles
- Author
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Sveding, Anton
- Published
- 2019
8. CFA leader shares his mental health journey
- Author
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Harrap, Glenn
- Published
- 2021
9. Views and perspectives
- Author
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Dargavel, John
- Published
- 2018
10. Restoring Forests and Trees for Sustainable Development : Policies, Practices, Impacts, and Ways Forward
- Author
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Pia Katila, Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Wil de Jong, Glenn Galloway, Pablo Pacheco, Georg Winkel, Pia Katila, Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Wil de Jong, Glenn Galloway, Pablo Pacheco, and Georg Winkel
- Subjects
- Forest restoration, Forest management, Forest biodiversity conservation
- Abstract
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. It is free to read on the Oxford Academic platform and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Forests and trees are crucial for human wellbeing, sustainable development, and ultimately, life on Earth. The critical ecosystem services that forests provide are widely acknowledged, yet their provision is seriously threatened by continuing deforestation and forest degradation. Restoring Forests and Trees for Sustainable Development utilizes a multidisciplinary perspective to analyze and discuss the various opportunities and challenges of restoring tree and forest cover. It examines forest restoration commitments, policies and programs, their implementation at different scales and contexts, and how forest restoration helps to mitigate environmental, societal, and cultural challenges. This book explores how restoration affects forest ecosystem services, contributes to biodiversity conservation, and generates benefits and synergies, while recognizing the considerable costs, tradeoffs, and variable feasibility of its implementation. The chapters review forest restoration governance, practices, and technological advances, and reflect on the possibility of sustainable and just approaches to meet the challenges that lie ahead to achieve ambitious international forest restoration targets and commitments.
- Published
- 2024
11. The intricacies of immediate protection
- Author
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Ruchel, Matt
- Published
- 2022
12. A Proposed Safari Park in a Subtropical Forest in Northeastern Bangladesh Will Be Detrimental to Native Biodiversity.
- Author
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Khan, Mohammad Ali Reza, Haque, Enam Ul, Khan, M. Monirul H., Ahmed, Inam, Chakma, Suprio, Naher, Habibon, Chowdhury, Mohammad Abdul Wahed, Mukul, Sharif Ahmed, Chowdhury, Sayam U., Rahman, Shahriar Caesar, Kabir, M. Tarik, Rahman, Hasan Arif, Akash, Muntasir, Mukutmoni, Mandira, Ghose, Animesh, Al-Razi, Hassan, and Muzaffar, Sabir Bin
- Subjects
FOREST biodiversity conservation ,EXOTIC animals ,FEASIBILITY studies ,BIOGEOGRAPHY ,WATERSHEDS - Abstract
Biodiversity in tropical and subtropical forests are at high risk of decline due to rapid anthropogenic development. Planned activities that potentially benefit communities near forests are often undertaken at the expense of forest biodiversity. Recently, the Government of Bangladesh released plans to develop a safari park in Lathitila forest in northeastern Bangladesh. This mixed evergreen, stream-fed, trans-border forest harbors 26 globally threatened species. The proposed plan aims to bring several exotic game animals such as the lion (Panthera leo), spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) and cheetah (Acionyx jubatus) to be maintained in captivity. Additionally, exotic bird aviaries, gardens, a dolphinarium, a marine aquarium exhibit, and a carp pond have been proposed for construction. Here, we (i) summarize some of the key attributes of safari parks and the misconceptions associated with them; (ii) highlight some of the planned development activities of the proposed safari park; (ii) list the threatened species found in the area, and (iii) explain why establishing a park in the area would be detrimental the region's biodiversity. We urge the government to abandon the plans to develop a safari park and suggest that the area be brought under formal protection for the benefit of biodiversity conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A dozen good reasons for new national parks in the central West of Victoria
- Published
- 2019
14. A forest Biosecurity program
- Author
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Tovar, Francisco and Carnegie, Angus
- Published
- 2019
15. Contrasting trends in biodiversity of birds and trees during succession following cacao agroforest abandonment.
- Author
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Arnold, Haley, Deacon, Amy E., Hulme, Mark F., Sansom, Alex, Jaggernauth, Dan, and Magurran, Anne E.
- Subjects
SECONDARY forests ,CACAO ,BIRD populations ,FOREST succession ,BIODIVERSITY ,TREES ,CACAO beans ,FOREST biodiversity - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The struggle for the Leard State forest
- Author
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Paris, Nicola
- Published
- 2014
17. New spatial analyses of Australian wildfires highlight the need for new fire, resource, and conservation policies.
- Author
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Lindenmayer, David B. and Taylor, Chris
- Subjects
GEOGRAPHIC spatial analysis ,WILDFIRES ,FOREST management ,FIRES ,PROTECTED areas - Abstract
Extensive and recurrent severe wildfires present complex challenges for policy makers. This is highlighted by extensive wildfires around the globe, ranging from western North America and Europe to the Amazon and Arctic, and, most recently, the 2019–2020 fires in eastern Australia. In many jurisdictions, discussions after significant losses of life, property, and vegetation are sometimes conducted in the absence of nuanced debates about key aspects of climate, land, and resource management policy. Improved insights that have significant implications for policies and management can be derived from spatial and temporal analyses of fires. Here, we demonstrate the importance of such analyses using a case study of large-scale, recurrent severe wildfires over the past two decades in the Australian state of Victoria. We overlaid the location of current and past fires with ecosystem types, land use, and conservation values. Our analyses revealed 1) the large spatial extent of current fires, 2) the extensive and frequent reburning of recently and previously fire-damaged areas, 3) the magnitude of resource loss for industries such as timber and pulplog production, and 4) major impacts on high conservation value areas and biodiversity. These analyses contain evidence to support policy reforms that alter the mode of forest management, target the protection of key natural assets including unburnt areas, manage repeatedly damaged and potentially collapsed ecosystems, and expand the conservation estate. Our mapping approach should have applicability to other environments subject to large-scale fires, although the particular details of policy reforms would be jurisdiction, ecosystem, and context specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. When is a Fire an Ecological Emergency?
- Author
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Bradstock, Ross A and Gill, AMalcolm
- Published
- 1999
19. The Gippsland lakes can we sustain and renew?
- Author
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Thomas, Max
- Published
- 2020
20. Assessing tree-related microhabitat retention according to a harvest gradient using tree-defect surveys as proxies in Eastern Canadian mixedwood forests.
- Author
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Maxence, Martin and Raymond, Patricia
- Subjects
ECOLOGICAL niche ,HARVESTING ,ECOSYSTEM management ,FOREST conservation ,LOBLOLLY pine ,HABITATS - Abstract
Copyright of Forestry Chronicle is the property of Canadian Institute of Forestry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Tropical forest subjected to intensive post-logging silviculture maintains functionally diverse dung beetle communities.
- Author
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Cerullo, G.R., Edwards, F.A., Mills, S.C., and Edwards, D.P.
- Subjects
DUNG beetles ,FORESTS & forestry ,TROPICAL forests ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FOREST biodiversity ,COMMUNITY forests - Abstract
• High functional diversity continued after intensive post-logging treatments. • Treated forests had similar dung beetle richness to primary and untreated logged forest. • Treated and untreated forest shared alike compositions distinct from primary communities. • Post-logging silviculture may return timber yields in a biodiversity-friendly way. Commercially logged tropical forests hold high conservation value but are rapidly being converted to lucrative low-diversity plantations. Post-logging interventions that accelerate forest timber and carbon recovery—such as enrichment planting and cutting of woody vines—may reduce both the spatial extent of logging and economic pressures to convert forests, delivering considerable conservation benefits. However, they could also seriously undermine logged forest biodiversity, simplifying forest structure and removing important wildlife microhabitats. To date, no study has investigated the impact of post-logging interventions on invertebrates. Focusing on dung beetles, we explore the effects of intensive vine-cutting and enrichment planting within a largescale post-logging silvicultural project in northern Borneo. We find that for four measures of functional diversity (the facet of diversity that accounts for species traits and functions) and for species richness, treated forest communities are similar to those in unlogged and naturally regenerating forest. Moreover, although community composition in treated forest remains distinct from old-growth forest, it is no different than that in naturally regenerating forest and in fact more closely resembles old-growth than naturally regenerating forest in terms of effective diversity. Our results indicate that logged forests continue to host diverse and functioning dung beetle communities even after silvicultural intensification. Post-logging interventions could therefore play an important role in forest and biodiversity conservation via their incorporation into emerging agendas including REDD+ and the Bonn Challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Rain Forest for Ransom.
- Author
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Walsh, Bryan
- Subjects
NATIONAL parks & reserves ,BIODIVERSITY conservation ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,PETROLEUM industry ,PETROLEUM - Abstract
The article discusses the Yasuni-ITT Initiative, a plan developed by Ecuador in which Ecuador would avoid drilling for oil under Yasuni National Park if given a sufficient amount of donations by the international community. Yasuni, a park located in the Amazon river basin which has been called the most biodiverse spot in the world, is located over a large amount of crude oil. Ecuadorian President Rafael Correa has argued that Ecuador needs petroleum resources to develop the country and that conservation is only sustainable if it benefits the poor in the country. Other topics include the political stability of Ecuador, support for indigenous peoples, and international responsibility for biodiversity conservation.
- Published
- 2012
23. Production, restoration, mitigation: a new generation of plantations.
- Author
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Silva, Luis Neves, Freer-Smith, Peter, and Madsen, Palle
- Subjects
FORESTS & forestry ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,BIODIVERSITY conservation ,FOREST protection ,FOREST restoration ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,WILDLIFE refuges - Abstract
Forests provide a wide variety of ecosystem services and international conventions and national policies for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation recommend forest protection and restoration. However, global forest cover continues to decline, and recent evidence suggests deforestation rates are accelerating. Against this background the area of planted forests has increased globally. Recognizing the substantial potential of well-managed forest plantations, the new generation plantations (NGP) platform was launched in 2007. NGP encourages well-managed planted forests in the right places to conserve biodiversity and meet human needs. Here we describe the NGP approach and analyze data and information from NGP participants and others over 10 years. This shows that NGP participants are responsible for c.11.1 million ha of land, much of it previously degraded or abandoned; 43% is managed as timber plantations, with the remainder being wildlife reserves, restored natural forest, grassland and agriculture. NGP case studies illustrate a range of biodiversity, conservation and socio-economic achievements. These achievements, considered together with future projections of timber demand and of the land available for restoration to tree cover, demonstrate the potential of well-managed plantations to protect natural forests, provide timber, conserve biodiversity and mitigate climate change. The NGP concept works in a variety of countries and contexts; participants have shown that it is possible to produce timber while maintaining and enhancing ecosystems and contributing to socio-economic development. We present the case for forest production, restoration and mitigation/adaptation to limit climate and other environmental risks and to improve the resilience of landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Integrating forest biodiversity conservation and restoration ecology principles to recover natural forest ecosystems.
- Author
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Lindenmayer, David B.
- Subjects
RESTORATION ecology ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,CONSERVATION & restoration ,CONSERVATION of natural resources ,OLD growth forests ,FOREST restoration - Abstract
Effective conservation of forest biodiversity and effective forest restoration are two of the biggest challenges facing forest managers globally. I present four general principles to guide strategies aimed at meeting these challenges: (1) protect and restore populations of key species and their habitats, (2) conserve and restore key attributes of stand structural complexity, (3) maintain and restore natural patterns of landscape heterogeneity, and (4) maintain and restore key ecological processes. The complexity associated with these principles is that how they will be practically implemented on the ground will invariably be ecosystem specific as what constitutes stand structural complexity or landscape heterogeneity will vary between ecosystems. Here I demonstrate the practical application of the four general principles in a detailed case study of conservation and restoration in the Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia. These forests are characterized by declining species, loss of key elements of stand structural, loss of old growth forest, altered patterns of landscape heterogeneity, and altered ecosystem processes. I highlight how altered management practices in Mountain Ash forests that are guided by our four general principles can help conserve existing biodiversity and underpin effective forest restoration. Consideration of our general principles also can identify policy deficiencies that need to be addressed to enhance restoration and biodiversity conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Tautuku forest harbours surprising secrets
- Author
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Davison, Richard
- Published
- 2019
26. Identification of potential invertebrate bioindicators of restoration trajectory at a quarry site in Hunua, Auckland, New Zealand
- Author
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Bowie, Mike
- Published
- 2019
27. Flawed forest policy: flawed Regional Forest Agreements.
- Author
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Lindenmayer, David B.
- Subjects
FOREST policy ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FOREST management - Abstract
Regional Forest Agreements (RFAs) are 20-year State-Federal agreements first signed between 1997 and 2001. They underpin the management of the majority of Australia’s commercially productive native forests. Their objectives are to deliver certainty of resource access to forest industries, ensure that forest industries are profitable and protect environmental values, including biodiversity. I argue the objectives of RFAs have not been met with five key areas being unsuccessful. RFAs have: (i) failed to protect biodiversity and maintain ecosystem processes; (ii) been characterized by poor governance and watered down forest protection; (iii) overseen a demonstrable lack of profitability of, and declining employment in, native forest logging industries; (iv) led to the overcommitment of forest resources to wood production and (v) failed to account for other forest values that are often much greater than wood production. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive environmental, economic and social re-assessment of Australia’s RFAs and forest industries per se. Efforts to thoroughly review RFAs must take better account of recent scientific and economic information, and explore new ways to manage forests values beyond only timber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Plant community development following reclamation of oil sands mine sites in the boreal forest: a review.
- Author
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Dhar, Amalesh, Pinno, Bradley D., Chang, Scott X., Naeth, Anne M., Vassov, Robert, Bampfylde, Caroline, Comeau, Philip G., and Karst, Justine
- Subjects
OIL sands extraction plants ,TAIGAS ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FOREST conservation ,LAND reclamation laws - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental Reviews is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Diversity increases with elevation: empidine dance flies (Diptera, Empididae) challenge a predominant pattern.
- Author
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Chatelain, Paul, Plant, Adrian, Soulier‐Perkins, Adeline, and Daugeron, Christophe
- Subjects
EMPIDIDAE ,INSECT diversity ,MOUNTAIN forests ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,ANIMAL species - Abstract
Copyright of Biotropica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Small montane cloud forest fragments are important for conserving tree diversity in the Ecuadorian Andes.
- Author
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Wilson, Sarah Jane and Rhemtulla, Jeanine M.
- Subjects
CLOUD forests ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,MOUNTAIN forests ,PLANT species - Abstract
Copyright of Biotropica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Considerations for large-scale biodiversity reforestation plantings. Part 4: Maintenance
- Author
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Cole, Dan and Siepen, Greg
- Published
- 2015
32. Spatially combining wood production and recreation with biodiversity conservation.
- Author
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Vangansbeke, P., Blondeel, H., Landuyt, D., Frenne, P., Gorissen, L., and Verheyen, K.
- Subjects
FOREST biodiversity conservation ,WOODY plants ,ECOSYSTEM services ,PINE ,FRAGMENTED landscapes ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
Pine plantations established on former heathland are common throughout Western Europe and North America. Such areas can continue to support high biodiversity values of the former heathlands in the more open areas, while simultaneously delivering ecosystem services such as wood production and recreation in the forested areas. Spatially optimizing wood harvest and recreation without threatening the biodiversity values, however, is challenging. Demand for woody biomass is increasing but other pressures on biodiversity including climate change, habitat fragmentation and air pollution are intensifying too. Strategies to spatially optimize different ecosystem services with biodiversity conservation are still underexplored in the research literature. Here we explore optimization scenarios for advancing ecosystem stewardship in a pine plantation in Belgium. Point observations of seven key indicator species were used to estimate habitat suitability using generalized linear models. Based on the habitat suitability and species' characteristics, the spatially-explicit conservation value of different forested and open patches was determined with the help of a spatially-explicit conservation planning tool. Recreational pressure was quantified by interviewing forest managers and with automated trail counters. The impact of wood production and recreation on the conservation of the indicator species was evaluated. We found trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and both wood production and recreation, but were able to present a final scenario that combines biodiversity conservation with a restricted impact on both services. This case study illustrates that innovative forest management planning can achieve better integration of the delivery of different forest ecosystem services such as wood production and recreation with biodiversity conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas.
- Author
-
Machar, Ivo, Vozenilek, Vit, Simon, Jaroslav, Pechanec, Vilém, Brus, Jan, Fulneček, Petr, and Vitek, Tomas
- Subjects
FOREST management ,FORESTS & forestry ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,PROTECTED areas ,SIMULATION methods & models - Abstract
European beech-dominated forests are crucial for maintaining biodiversity in forested mountain landscapes of the European temperate zone. This paper presents the results of research and assessment of management strategy for mountain beech-dominated forests in the Jeseníky Mountains (Czech Republic). Our approach is based on combining research on historical development of the forest ecosystem, assessment of its current state, and predictions of future dynamics using a forest growth simulation model. Using such a method makes it possible to understand the current state of the mountain beech-dominated forest ecosystem and predict its future development as a response to specific management strategies. The application of this method is therefore appropriate for assessing the suitability of selected management strategies in mountain protected areas. Our results show that a non-intervention management for mountain beech forest in the next 80 years complies with the Natura 2000 requirement to maintain the existing character of the forest habitat. Thus, the current management plan for the beech-dominated forests in the Jeseníky Mountains does not require significant corrections in the context of its conservation targets (i.e. maintaining biodiversity and current character of the forest ecosystem dominated by beech). The results of this study suggest that combining the knowledge on historical development with forest growth simulation can be used as a suitable support tool to assess management strategies for forest habitats in protected areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Degradation in landscape matrix has diverse impacts on diversity in protected areas.
- Author
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Häkkilä, Matti, Le Tortorec, Eric, Brotons, Lluís, Rajasärkkä, Ari, Tornberg, Risto, and Mönkkönen, Mikko
- Subjects
LAND degradation ,PROTECTED areas ,SPECIES diversity ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,BIRD communities - Abstract
Introduction: A main goal of protected areas is to maintain species diversity and the integrity of biological assemblages. Intensifying land use in the matrix surrounding protected areas creates a challenge for biodiversity conservation. Earlier studies have mainly focused on taxonomic diversity within protected areas. However, functional and especially phylogenetic diversities are less studied phenomena, especially with respect to the impacts of the matrix that surrounds protected areas. Phylogenetic diversity refers to the range of evolutionary lineages, the maintenance of which ensures that future evolutionary potential is safeguarded. Functional diversity refers to the range of ecological roles that members of a community perform. For ecosystem functioning and long-term resilience, they are at least as important as taxonomic diversity. Aim: We studied how the characteristics of protected areas and land use intensity in the surrounding matrix affect the diversity of bird communities in protected boreal forests. We used line-transect count and land-cover data from 91 forest reserves in Northern Finland, and land-cover data from buffer zones surrounding these reserves. We studied if habitat diversity and productivity inside protected areas, and intensity of forest management in the matrix have consistent effects on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities, and community specialization. Results: We found that habitat diversity and productivity inside protected areas have strong effects on all diversity metrics, but matrix effects were inconsistent. The proportion of old forest in the matrix, reflecting low intensity forest management, had positive effects on community specialization. Interestingly, functional diversity increased with increasing logging intensity in the matrix. Conclusions: Our results indicate that boreal forest reserves are not able to maintain their species composition and abundances if embedded in a severely degraded matrix. Our study also highlights the importance of focusing on different aspects of biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Understory vascular plant community assembly in relation to time-since-fire and environmental variables in a Chinese boreal forest.
- Author
-
Liu, Bo, Yang, Jian, and Johnstone, Jill
- Subjects
PLANT communities ,TAIGAS ,SPECIES diversity ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FORESTS & forestry ,MULTIVARIATE analysis - Abstract
Understanding the response of understory vegetation to fire disturbance is vital to biodiversity conservation and management of boreal forests. We surveyed understory vascular plant richness and composition, and measured related environmental variables along a toposequence within three successional stages, initial (3 years post-fire), early (13 years post-fire) and late (>100 years post-fire) successional stages. Using permutation multivariate ANOVA and nonmetric multidimensional scaling, we analyzed how understory species richness and composition change as time-since-fire proceeds, and their correlative relationships with environmental variables. Species richness and composition showed significant differences among the three successional stages. Understory species richness and abundance were significantly associated with time-since-fire, topographic position, elevation and organic layer depth. Among these variables, time-since-fire had the strongest effect and topographic position was the second major factor on affecting understory community assembly. In addition, time-since-fire overwhelmed the effects of soil pH in the initial successional stage and gravimetric soil moisture in early and late successional stages on understory species composition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Keystone Species, Forest and Landscape: A Model to Select Protected Areas.
- Author
-
Lins, Daniela, Gardon, Fernando, Meyer, João, and Santos, Rozely
- Subjects
FOREST biodiversity conservation ,KEYSTONE species ,EUTERPE edulis ,PROTECTED areas - Abstract
The selection of forest fragments for conservation is usually based on spatial parameters as forest size and canopy integrity. This strategy assumes that chosen fragments present high conservation status, ensuring biodiversity and ecological functions. We argue that a well-preserved forest fragment that remains connected by the landscape structure, does not necessarily hold attributes that ensure the presence of keystone species. We also discuss that the presence of keystone species does not always mean that it has the best conditions for its occurrence and maintenance. We developed a model to select areas in forest landscapes to be prioritized for protection based on suitability curves that unify and compare spatial indicators of three categories: forest fragment quality, landscape quality, and environmental conditions for the occurrence of a keystone species. We use a case study to compare different suitability degrees for Euterpe edulis presence, considered an important functional element in Atlantic Forest (São Paulo, Brazil) landscapes and a forest resource for local people. The results show that the identification of medium or advanced stage fragments as singular indicator of forest quality does not guarantee the existence or maintenance of this keystone species. Even in some well-preserved forest fragments, connected to others and with palm presence, the reverse J-shaped distribution of the population size structure is not sustained and these forests continue to be threatened due to human disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Spatial modelling of congruence of native biodiversity and potential hotspots of forest invasive species (FIS) in central Indian landscape.
- Author
-
Padalia, Hitendra and Bahuguna, Utsav
- Subjects
CONSERVATION biology ,INVASIVE plants ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,INTRODUCED plants ,FORESTS & forestry ,PHYTOGEOGRAPHY ,MATHEMATICAL models - Abstract
The tropical forest ecosystems across the globe are under major threats from spread of exotic invasive plant species. Identification of biodiversity rich areas prone to large-scale plant invasion and their prioritisation is vital for targeting prevention and control programmes. Recent availability of field inventoried forest native and forest invasive species (FIS) data from a nation-wide biodiversity project in India, has served as a valuable source of information for conservation prioritization. Our approach considers prioritisation of phytogeographic areas based on congruence of spatial pattern of phytorichness distribution and spatial pattern of potential spread of hotspots of multiple FIS. We modelled native phytorichness at landscape scale following a three-tier methodology of mapping of habitat types, field sampling of vascular plants and spatial modelling with landscape matrices for central Indian landscape in India. The hotspots of multiple FIS were modelled with occurrences of 98 species, and optimally chosen environmental covariates using MaxEnt. We then integrated phytorichness and FIS invasion hotspots information to identify priority zones (high, medium and low) for informed policy decisions for conservation actions. Study emphasises that potential hotspots of invasive species should be considered for conservation priority setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Varying rotation lengths in northern production forests: Implications for habitats provided by retention and production trees.
- Author
-
Felton, Adam, Sonesson, Johan, Nilsson, Urban, Lämås, Tomas, Lundmark, Tomas, Nordin, Annika, Ranius, Thomas, and Roberge, Jean-Michel
- Subjects
FORESTS & forestry ,HABITAT conservation ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FOREST thinning ,SCOTS pine - Abstract
Because of the limited spatial extent and comprehensiveness of protected areas, an increasing emphasis is being placed on conserving habitats which promote biodiversity within production forest. For this reason, alternative silvicultural programs need to be evaluated with respect to their implications for forest biodiversity, especially if these programs are likely to be adopted. Here we simulated the effect of varied rotation length and associated thinning regimes on habitat availability in Scots pine and Norway spruce production forests, with high and low productivity. Shorter rotation lengths reduced the contribution made by production trees (trees grown for industrial use) to the availability of key habitat features, while concurrently increasing the contribution from retention trees. The contribution of production trees to habitat features was larger for high productivity sites, than for low productivity sites. We conclude that shortened rotation lengths result in losses of the availability of habitat features that are key for biodiversity conservation and that increased retention practices may only partially compensate for this. Ensuring that conservation efforts better reflect the inherent variation in stand rotation lengths would help improve the maintenance of key forest habitats in production forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Where to survey? Spatial biodiversity survey gap analysis: a multicriteria approach.
- Author
-
Chapman, Tamra F. and McCaw, W. Lachlan
- Subjects
BIODIVERSITY research ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,SPATIAL data infrastructures ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,SPATIAL ecology ,METADATA - Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify the relative effort for biodiversity surveys across the public forest estate in the south-west of Western Australia. We collated information on historical surveys into a metadatabase and recorded locations where surveys had been conducted in a spatial geodatabase. We then used multicriteria modelling to rank land conservation units on the basis of relative survey effort. The results indicated that the western, particularly the southwestern, parts of the study area were relatively well surveyed while eastern parts were relatively poorly surveyed. This is likely to reflect greater habitat loss and fragmentation of vegetation on the eastern margins of the forest estate where it adjoins the extensively cleared Western Australian wheatbelt. There was also an emphasis on monitoring biodiversity in forest habitats closer to the main population centres of the south-west. The results of this analysis provide a basis for assessing future survey needs for the region, which should also consider: patterns of distribution in species richness; the extent, connectivity and conservation status of native vegetation and the relative risks posed to biodiversity by infrastructure and industrial land uses. We discuss the potential limitations of the multicriteria modelling approach in the context of our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Combinations of aggregated and dispersed retention improve conservation of saproxylic beetles in boreal white spruce stands.
- Author
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Lee, Seung-Il, Spence, John R., and Langor, David W.
- Subjects
BEETLES ,WHITE spruce ,INSECT conservation ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,PREDATORY insects - Abstract
Retention of living trees in harvested stands is widely promoted as a way to conserve forest biodiversity; however, the quantity, quality and distribution of retention required to best meet biodiversity conservation goals are uncertain. We compared saproxylic beetle assemblages in dead white spruce among two sizes of retention patches (0.20 ha and 0.46 ha) surrounded by three different levels of dispersed retention (2% = clearcut, 20%, and 50%) in 10 ha cut-blocks included in the EMEND (Ecosystem Management Emulating Natural Disturbance) experiment in northwestern Alberta, Canada. Significant blow-down in forest patches of these sizes appeared to reduce their conservation capacity for saproxylic beetle assemblages 10–11 years post-harvest. However, higher amounts of dispersed retention in the matrix surrounding patches increased their capacity to maintain saproxylic beetle assemblages in comparison to clearcuts. Predatory species were most sensitive to harvesting intensity in the surrounding matrix. Our data suggest that ecosystem-based management that leaves combinations of aggregated and dispersed retention has much potential for conservation of saproxylic beetles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Native forest loss in the Chilean biodiversity hotspot: revealing the evidence.
- Author
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Miranda, Alejandro, Altamirano, Adison, Cayuela, Luis, Lara, Antonio, and González, Mauro
- Subjects
FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FOREST declines ,SPATIO-temporal variation ,FORESTS & forestry ,FOREST policy - Abstract
The understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns in land use and land cover (LULC) change is a key issue for conservation efforts. In the Chilean hotspot, different studies have attempted to understand variations of LULC change. Nevertheless, a broader understanding of common patterns and variability of LULC over the entire range of the hotspot is lacking. We performed a complete review of the different studies reporting LULC changes and performed a joint analysis of their results using an integrated comprehensive approach. We related the variation of LULC change to latitude, time period and vascular plant richness using generalized linear models. Overall, there were nine studies, which covered 36.5 % of the study area, and reported the loss of 19 % of native forest (782,120 ha) between 1973 and 2011. The highest net forest loss was observed in the 1970-1990 period. This decreased in the 1990-2000 period and rose again in the 2000-2010 period. This result reveals a continuous forest loss in the last 40 years. Conversion of native forest to shrublands is the most important contributor to net native forest loss, accounting for 45 % of the loss. However, in the area of greatest species richness native forests are mainly converted to exotic tree plantations. Chilean forestry model has proved successful in expanding exotic tree plantation, but so far it has not been compatible with native forest conservation and restoration. It is imperative to design a new forestry policy to assure the conservation of one of the most unique biodiversity hotspots worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Fire and biodiversity: Some notes from the symposium
- Author
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Ingamells, Phil
- Published
- 2011
43. Snapshot of the productive state of Australia's forests
- Author
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Cannon, Tony
- Published
- 2014
44. The best time and place for exploring modern forestry
- Author
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Wright, Mark
- Published
- 2014
45. Conserving biodiversity in New Zealand’s lowland landscapes : does forest cover or pest control have a greater effect on native birds?
- Author
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Ruffell, Jay and Didham, R. K.
- Published
- 2017
46. Our second nature: A reflection on conservation paradigms
- Author
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Schmidt-Vogt, Dietrich
- Published
- 2005
47. Ten-year responses of ground-dwelling spiders to retention harvest in the boreal forest.
- Author
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Pinzon, Jaime, Spence, John R., Langor, David W., and Shorthouse, David P.
- Subjects
SPIDER ecology ,TAIGA ecology ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,FOREST succession ,EFFECT of logging on forest biodiversity - Abstract
The Ecosystem Management Emulating Natural Disturbances ( EMEND) project tests the hypothesis that varying levels of green tree retention maintain and retain forest biodiversity better than conventional clear-cutting. We studied epigaeic spiders to assess biodiversity changes 2, 5, and 10 yr following a range of partial retention harvests (clear-cut, 10-75% retention) and unharvested controls in four boreal mixedwood cover types. A total of 56 371 adult spiders representing 220 species was collected using pitfall traps. Lasting effects on forest structure were proportional to harvest intensity. These changes strongly influenced spider richness, abundance, and species composition, as well as assemblage recovery. Distinctive assemblages were associated with disturbance level, especially with partial harvests (≤50% retention), and these were dominated by open-habitat species even 10 yr after harvest. Assemblages were more similar to those of controls in the highest (75%) retention treatment, but significant recovery toward the structure of pre-disturbance assemblages was not detected for any prescription in any cover type. Although early responses to retention harvest suggested positive effects on spider assemblages, these are better explained as lag effects after harvest because assemblages were less similar to those of unharvested controls 5 yr post-harvest, and only minor recovery was observed 10 yr following harvest. Retention of forest biodiversity decreased over time, especially in conifer stands and the lower (10-50%) retention treatments. Overall, retention harvests retained biodiversity and promoted landscape heterogeneity somewhat better than clear-cutting; however, there was a clear gradient of response and no retention 'threshold' for conservation can be recommended on the basis of our data. Furthermore, results suggest that retention harvest prescriptions should be adjusted for cover type. We show that low retention ameliorated impacts in broadleaved forests characteristic of earlier stages in mixedwood succession, but only higher retention was associated with less impact in successionally older conifer forests. Although these short-term responses (10 yr) of spider assemblages support use of retention harvests, understanding the true conservation merit of these practices, relative to conventional approaches, requires evaluation over longer time scales, with work more focused on recovery of biodiversity than on its preservation after harvest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Urban church forests for local temperature regulation: Implications the role of managing and incorporating urban green space in urban planning.
- Author
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TURA, Tulu Tolla, SOROMESSA, Teshome, LETA, Seyoum, ARGEW, Mekuria, and ESHETU, Zewdu
- Subjects
FOREST biodiversity conservation ,URBAN planning ,CITY churches ,SOCIAL institutions ,SURFACE temperature ,FOREST biodiversity & climate - Abstract
The global surface temperature shows an increment of 0.5±0.1°C per decade and 1.05±0.3°C per century from 1880-2014 with greater increases in cities than non-urban areas. Global communities are shifting towards urbanization due to various factors. Urbanization has caused lack of stable condition for dwellers due to environmental and anthropogenic factors such as land cover changes. Urban temperature rising is the main factors hindering urban dwellers at global level due to insufficient green areas. Social institutions are playing important role in urban greening and urban climate regulation. Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church has long history in indigenous trees biodiversity conservation that plays largely greening role in urban and rural parts of the country. However, there is a research gap in Ethiopia regarding the role of urban green area in the church yards in regulating urban temperature and microclimate change. Therefore, the study evaluated the role of church managed forests in Addis Ababa in regulating surface temperature. Surface temperature inside four church forests at a buffer radius of 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200 m and 200-500 m estimated using Landsat image thermal band 6 of 1986, 2000 and 2010 and ground measurement by ambient thermometer at 10:00 am, 12:30 am and 3:00 pm local time. The ground measurement was done in order to validate satellite image analysis. Plant species diversity, DBH, H, HC, BH and BA was measured. There were 1167 trees in the four studied churches. The mean temperatures of the studied sites were 22.5±0.1, 23.25±0.2, 24±0.6, 24.6±1.1 and 25.5±2.2°C on site,0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200m and 200-500 m respectively for 1986 images; 23.2±0.5, 23.3±1.0, 24.3±2.1, 24.8±2.2 and 25.5±1.8°C on site, 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200 m and 200-500 m respectively for 2000 images and 23.2±0.3, 23.27±0.2, 23.7±1.6, 24±1.4 and 24.7±1.3°C on site, 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200 m and 200-500 m respectively for 2010 images. The result illustrated a significant influence of green area on urban temperature in the buffering radius and implies the possibility of regulating urban temperature by planning urban green area in appropriate radius intervals. The study indicated that church forests in particular, social institution and urban green area in general have significant role in urban temperature regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Megafires: an emerging threat to old-forest species.
- Author
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Jones, Gavin M, Gutiérrez, RJ, Tempel, Douglas J, Whitmore, Sheila A, Berigan, William J, and Peery, M Zachariah
- Subjects
FOREST fire ecology ,ECOLOGICAL resilience ,TROPICAL dry forests ,FOREST restoration ,FOREST biodiversity conservation - Abstract
Increasingly frequent 'megafires' in North America's dry forests have prompted proposals to restore historical fire regimes and ecosystem resilience. Restoration efforts that reduce tree densities (eg via logging) could have collateral impacts on declining old-forest species, but whether these risks outweigh the potential effects of large, severe fires remains uncertain. We demonstrate the effects of a 2014 California megafire on an iconic old-forest species, the spotted owl ( Strix occidentalis). The probability of owl site extirpation was seven times higher after the fire (0.88) than before the fire (0.12) at severely burned sites, contributing to the greatest annual population decline observed during our 23-year study. The fire also rendered large areas of forest unsuitable for owl foraging one year post-fire. Our study suggests that megafires pose a threat to old-forest species, and we conclude that restoring historical fire regimes could benefit both old-forest species and the dry forest ecosystems they inhabit in this era of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Effects of partial cutting on logging productivity, economic returns and dead wood in boreal pine forest.
- Author
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Santaniello, Francesca, Line, Djupström B., Ranius, Thomas, Rudolphi, Jörgen, Widenfalk, Olof, and Weslien, Jan
- Subjects
LOGGING & the environment ,FOREST management ,FOREST biodiversity conservation ,TREE mortality ,COARSE woody debris ,FOREST economics - Abstract
Structural diversity of forests is important for biodiversity. In managed forests, structural diversity can be maintained by retaining living and dead trees, and by creating dead wood during logging operations. In Sweden, a small percentage of the trees is currently retained on each clear-cut. Since retention decreases revenues from forest harvesting, it is important to understand the consequences of retention for both forestry economy and biodiversity conservation. Thus, in this study we compared effects of retaining percentages ranging from 5% to 50% of the initial number of trees in 12 Scots pine-dominated stands in central Sweden. The retained trees in each stand consisted of equal proportions of green living trees, felled trees, high-cut trees and girdled trees. We estimated costs associated with tree retention and, as indicators of biodiversity conservation values, dead wood volumes, number of dead wood types, and dead wood diversity. We also estimated the damage caused by the logging operations on old dead wood. Revenue declined with increases in retention level, due mainly to associated reductions in harvested volumes, but partly to increases in logging costs. Both harvester and forwarder performance were lower at high than at low retention levels. The volume of dead wood increased with increases in retention level, since the number of retained trees killed per stand was proportional to the retention level. The number of dead wood types and dead wood diversity increased continuously up to the highest retention level of almost 50%. Moreover, old dead wood that was deemed particularly valuable for biodiversity was not destroyed at retention levels above 30%. In conclusion, dead wood destruction decreased with increasing retention level and costs increased proportionally to the retained volume. There were no signs of saturation of dead wood diversity as retention level increased. Therefore, mainly economic restrains will determine the retention level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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