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Simple Summary: In crustaceans, especially economic shrimp and crabs, autotomy significantly affects the survival rate and growth performance. At present, the molecular mechanism of the limb regeneration process of economic crustaceans is rarely studied. In this study, we used the pressure method to remove the pereopods of Exopalaemon carinicauda and recorded the regeneration process in detail. Moreover, regenerated pereopod tissue was sliced and stained with H.E. Microscopic observations revealed significant changes in the type and number of associated cells including outer epithelial cells, granulocytes, embryonic cells, and so on. This study performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of samples from different stages of limb regeneration and identified multiple differentially expressed genes that may be associated with crustacean growth or molting. The sequence and expression characteristics of the innexin gene were analyzed. Our study explored the morphological and molecular changes during limb regeneration of E. carinicauda, and laid a foundation for further research on molecular regulatory mechanisms. With the increase in breeding density of Exopalaemon carinicauda, appendage breakage may occur, which seriously affects survival and economic benefits. To study the limb regeneration process of E. carinicauda, we induced autotomy of the pereopods. After a period of time, wound swelling disappeared, the pigment gradually accumulated, and a tawny film subsequently formed in the wound. The healing period of the wound occurred 24 h after autotomy, and the blastema formation stage occurred 48 h after autotomy. After 4 days of cutting, the limb buds began to differentiate, grow, and expand rapidly, and this process lasted approximately 15 days. Microscopic observations revealed significant changes in the type and number of associated cells including outer epithelial cells, granulocytes, embryonic cells, columnar epidermal cells, elongated cells, and blastoma cells, during the process from limb fracture to regeneration. A comparative transcriptome analysis identified 1415 genes differentially expressed between the J0h (0 h post autotomy) and J18h (18 h post autotomy), and 3952 and 4366 differentially expressed genes for J0 and J14d (14 days post autotomy) and J18h and J14d, respectively. Some of these genes may be related to muscle growth or molting, as indicated by the presence of troponin C, chitinase, actin, innexin, and cathepsin L. As a functional gene involved in epidermal formation, the mRNA expression level of the innexin inx2 in the pereopod of E. carinicauda changed significantly in the experimental groups (p < 0.05). The results of this study contribute to existing knowledge of regeneration mechanisms in crustaceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Screening remediation technologies through the lens of green, low-carbon, and sustainable development is crucial for contaminated land management. To better understand the applicability of remediation technologies, this paper explored their application in China based on a survey of 643 cases. By employing coupled analysis and local spatial autocorrelation methods, this study reveals the alignment between remediation technologies and pollutants, along with their spatial distribution and clustering patterns. Specifically, the four primary remediation technologies identified were cement kiln co-processing (CKCP), chemical oxidation/reduction (CO/CR), thermal desorption (TR), and solidification and stabilization (S/S), collectively accounting for over 90% of the cases. Additionally, our findings indicated significant variation in how different pollutants respond to remediation technologies, largely attributable to the characteristics of the pollutants. We observed High–High clustering patterns for CKCP, CO/CR, TR, and S/S. These were predominantly found in Jiangsu, Chongqing, Shandong, and Guizhou for CKCP and CO/CR and in Hebei, Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Chongqing for CO/CR. TR exhibited a High–High clustering in Shanghai, as did S/S. This research contributes to reducing the economic and resource costs associated with the trial-and-error of screening contaminated soil remediation technologies, offering valuable scientific and technological guidance for contaminated land regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ni-rich layered-oxide cathode materials (NCM) are widely recognized for their high capacity and low cost, so that they have become the most promising cathode materials, but the low cycle performance limits their application. Therefore, LiNbO3 with high Li+ conductivity was considered as a coating design for NCM. However, the traditional LiNbO3 wet coating method adopts an expensive Nb source to be prepared. Herein, we first prepared LiNbO3 using niobium hydroxide as a Nb source to replace niobium ethoxide and designed a coating strategy that nano-TiO2 as a carrier to fulfill LiNbO3 coated on LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811). The coating strategy promotes Li+ conductivity between the cathode particles and helps to shield the contact between the cathode and electrolyte. Moreover, the high specific surface area of nano-TiO2 was used to control the coating size of LiNbO3. At 700 °C sintering temperature, a slight amount of the Ti element was doped into LiNbO3 to further improve its ionic conductivity. Thus, 1 wt % TiO2 and LiNbO3-modified NCM811 exhibited 25 mAh g–1 capacity improvement (at 1 C, 25 °C) for liquid lithium-ion battery, then showed 24.7 and 49.1 mAh g–1 capacity improvement (0.2 and 1 C, respectively) and higher capacity retention (79.52% vs 58.60% for bare NCM811 after 100 cycles) for PVDF-based solid-state batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we explored the use of thermal imaging technology combined with computer vision techniques for assessing surgical incision healing. We processed 1189 thermal images, annotated by experts to define incision boundaries and healing statuses. Using these images, we developed a machine learning model based on YOLOV8, which automates the recognition of incision areas, lesion segmentation and healing classification. The dataset was divided into training, testing and validation sets in a 7:2:1 ratio. Our results show high accuracy rates in incision location recognition, lesion segmentation and healing classification, indicating the model's effectiveness as a precise and automated diagnostic tool for surgical incision healing assessment. Conclusively, our thermal image‐based machine learning model demonstrates excellent performance in wound assessment, paving the way for its clinical application in intelligent and standardized wound management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To summarize the clinical, histopathological and therapeutic features of senile gluteal dermatosis. Patients and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 230 cases who visited the outpatient clinic of Hangzhou No. 3 People's Hospital for skin lesions on the buttocks and hips from 2018.8– 2023.8 were included in the study, basic clinical information was collected, and they were subjected to physical examination of the buttocks and hips, and 36 cases were senile gluteal dermatosis, of which 7 underwent histopathological biopsy. Results: A total of 230 patients were included, of which 36 were diagnosed with geriatric buttock dermatosis, with a mean age of (84.2± 12.6) years, mean body mass index of (21.7± 3.8) kg/m2, and a male to female ratio of 2:1. There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of the disease and age, gender, body mass index, sedentary time, type of chair used, and hypertension (P< 0.05). The severity of the lesions may be associated with longer sitting time and prolonged use of bamboo chairs (P< 0.05). Histopathologic changes were not specific. The skin lesions could subside after general treatment such as improvement of lifestyle, use of pressure-reducing air mattresses, salicylic acid cream, and moisturizing creams. Conclusion: Senile gluteal dermatosis is a common senile physical dermatosis, mainly manifested as brownish scaly plaques, erythema and crusted ulcers, which can often be cured under reasonable treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the forbidden subgraph conditions for Hamilton-connected graphs. If the degree sequence of the graph is (4 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2) and it is connected, then it is called hourglass Γ 0 . For integers i ≥ 1 , the graph Z i is paw, which is obtained by attaching one of the vertices of the triangle to one of the end vertices of a path with a number of edges i. We show that every graph G is Hamilton-connected if G is a Γ 0 -free, K 1 , 3 -free, Z 14 -free, and a 3-connected graph. Moreover, we give an example to show the sharpness of a paw-type forbidden subgraph in a 3-connected, Hamilton-connected graph. Our focus on the Hamilton-connected problem can be applied to data center networks (DCNs). In the future, we will remove the forbidden subgraph families from our conclusions when building the network to obtain the optimal communication cost. Our result extends the result of Ryjáček and Vrána (Discrete Mathematics 344: 112350, 2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a case report of a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), a rare genetic disorder that leads to the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in situ. The traditional treatment for EV and cSCC in situ is surgical excision, but this can result in disfigured or dysfunctional outcomes. The article presents a successful alternative treatment using 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT), which showed satisfactory results in flattening and shrinking the cSCC in situ lesions. ALA-PDT is a noninvasive treatment that selectively targets abnormal skin tissues without damaging healthy tissues. The article suggests that ALA-PDT may be a promising therapy for multiple cSCC in situ and can potentially prevent cancer development and progression. [Extracted from the article]

Jacobaea cannabifolia is a widely used medicinal plant. The total length of the chloroplast genome was 151,390 bp, and it comprised a large single-copy (LSC, 83,432 bp) region, a small single-copy (SSC, 18,304 bp) region, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 49,654 bp). A total of 130 coding genes were annotated, including 88 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 34 tRNA genes. A phylogenetic tree was showed that J. cannabifolia and other species of the same genus clustered together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A graph with n vertices is called an n-graph. A spanning tree with at most k leaves is referred to as a spanning k-ended tree. Spanning k-ended trees are important in various fields such as network design, graph theory, and communication networks. They provide a structured way to connect all the nodes in a network while ensuring efficient communication and minimizing unnecessary connections. In addition, they serve as fundamental components for algorithms in routing, broadcasting, and spanning tree protocols. However, determining whether a connected graph has a spanning k-ended tree or not is NP-complete. Therefore, it is important to identify sufficient conditions for the existence of such trees. The implicit-degree proposed by Zhu, Li, and Deng is an important indicator for the Hamiltonian problem and the spanning k-ended tree problem. In this article, we provide two sufficient conditions for K1,4-free connected graphs to have spanning k-ended trees for k = 2, 3. We prove the following: Let G be a K1,4-free connected n-graph. For k = 2, 3, if the implicit-degree sum of any k + 1 independent vertices of G is at least n − k + 2, then G has a spanning k-ended tree. Moreover, we give two examples to show that the lower bounds n and n − 1 are the best possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animal studies have shown that capsaicin plays a positive role in weight management. However, the results in human research are controversial. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of capsaicin on weight loss in adults. We searched PubMed, Embase, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane library and clinical registration centre, identifying all randomised controlled trials (RCT) published in English and Chinese to 3 May 2022. A random-effect model was used to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % CI. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by the Cochran Q statistic and I -squared tests (I 2 ). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 15.1. P -values < 0·05 were considered as statistically significant. From 2377 retrieved studies, fifteen studies were finally included in the meta-analyses. Fifteen RCT with 762 individuals were included in our meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the supplementation of capsaicin resulted in significant reduction on BMI (WMD: −0·25 kg/m2, 95 % CI = –0·35, –0·15 kg/m2, P < 0·05), body weight (BW) (WMD: −0·51 kg, 95 % CI = –0·86, –0·15 kg, P < 0·05) and waist circumference (WC) (WMD: −1·12 cm, 95 % CI = –2·00, –0·24 cm, P < 0·05). We found no detrimental effect of capsaicin on waist-to-hip ratio (WMD: −0·05, 95 % CI = –0·17, 0·06, P > 0·05). The current meta-analysis suggests that capsaicin supplementation may have rather modest effects in reducing BMI, BW and WC for overweight or obese individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li‐rich manganese base oxides (LRNCM) are regarded as one of the most promising cathode materials among next‐generation high‐energy density Li‐ion batteries due to the coupling effect of anion and cation redox. However, serious oxygen release, surface structure corrosion, and transformation seriously damage their electrochemical performance and restrict their commercialization process. Herein, a dual gaseous surface treatment strategy with ammonium bicarbonate is designed to reconstruct the surface chemical and structural characteristics of LRNCM. As a result, an enriched oxygen vacancies mixed‐phase surface layer is achieved, which contains spinel phase and cation‐disordered phase. The integration of the surface mixed phase effectively inhibits irreversible oxygen loss, prevents electrode corrosion, and promotes fast Li‐ion diffusion. Accordingly, the modified cathode exhibits excellent specific capacity, high‐rate capability, and superior cycle life at both 25 and 60 °C. Particularly at high temperatures, it achieves impressive performance: initial coulombic efficiency (82.0 vs 74.4%), cycling stability at 1 C after 100 cycles (92.6 vs 83.8%), and rate performance at 5 C (56.0 vs 48.7%). This reconfiguration approach introduces a novel idea for the design of cathode material interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly contagious, acutely infectious agent that causes immunosuppression in chickens. We expressed IBDV VP2 proteins in Escherichia coli (E. coli) to develop an effective virus-like-particles (VLPs) vaccine and evaluated its immunogenicity. Methods: The VLPs produced in E. coli were used as an immunogen mixed with a water-in-mineral-oil adjuvant (MontanideTM ISA 71 VG, ISA 71 RVG) or a white oil (7#) adjuvant. VLPs without an adjuvant, commercial subunit vaccine, inactivated vaccine, and attenuated vaccine were used as controls. These test vaccines were intramuscularly injected into 19-day-old SPF chickens, which were challenged with the IBDV virulent strain at 30 days after vaccination. Results: The adjuvants boosted antibody production, and the adjuvant groups (except white oil) produced higher antibody levels than the non-adjuvanted controls and the commercial vaccine groups. In terms of cellular immunity, the VLPs plus adjuvant combinations produced higher levels of cytokines, IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ than the controls. Conclusion: IBDV VLPs plus the ISA 71 RVG adjuvant can be used as an optimal vaccine combination for improving the immune efficacy of IBD subunit vaccines, which can protect against the virulent strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing demand for high PPI and large‐sized OLED, the stability of Fine Metal Mask (FMM) in the evaporation process has become crucial. This article uses finite element analysis to investigate the effects of pixel structure, FMM tension force and the width of FMM beyond the support mask on the stability of FMM. The simulation results show that, the greater tension force, bigger E22 of FMM pixel structure, and extended width of FMM beyond the support mask will make the FMM sticks more stable during evaporation. The greatest influence factor is the tension force. Hence, it is suggested to apply greater tension force on FMM for high‐PPI and high‐aperture‐ratio OLED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem of DV-HOP algorithm with error and energy exhaustion, the average hop distance is used for optimization, and an improved recursion method is used to solve it. The algorithm first squares the distance of anchor nodes, proposes a forgetting factor to optimize the average hop distance between anchor nodes, and secondly uses recursive operations to replace anchor nodes with insufficient energy, so that the localization process of unknown nodes can continue. Experimental results show that compared with the DV-Hop algorithm and the algorithms in related literature, the improved algorithm can reduce the localization error to a certain extent and improve the localization accuracy of unknown nodes.