Search

The objective of the study is to analyze the level of environmental education and ethics in civil engineering programs in order to propose transversal contents within the curriculum. To evaluate the presence of environmental issues, a Likert scale questionnaire was applied to 260 students and a dichotomous scale to 42 professors and directors of universities in the Puno region. The results indicate that the students have a medium level of environmental ethics in knowledge and skills, while in attitudes and values they have a high level. Regarding the application of the environmental theme by the professors, there is a medium level in the physical, pedagogical and didactic areas and a high level in the academic area; consequently, it is necessary to establish environmental policies explicitly in the strategic plans and study curricula so that future professionals assume their environmental commitment at the time of executing civil infrastructure projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In May 2010, Julián Miranda, an Indigenous Asháninka shaman, died hours after killing a jaguar-shaman. Despite knowing that it could kill him, he killed a jaguar-shaman to protect his cows, an investment to support the much-desired progreso ('progress') of his children and grandchildren through education. Julián's choice was one of personal sacrifice driven by the hardships he experienced in the degraded forests of the Bajo Urubamba valley in the Peruvian Amazon. My examination of his decision to kill the jaguar-shaman engages with the multi-disciplinary literature on how local peoples engage with the expanding extractive frontier in Latin America. The emphasis most literature places on social movements and – to a lesser extent – on the ontological characteristics of these conflicts needs to be counterbalanced by individual experiences like Julián's for a deeper understanding of the multiple local experiences of large-scale resource extraction and the different strategies through which people pursue their desired futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 90's, economic and financial information systems with digital technology are available in Peru. These systems are permanently used by professionals in accounting, economics, finance, investments, and other related specialties. These tools are Reuters and Bloomberg, the latter being the one that has achieved significant technological development and international reach. Likewise, the main companies and institutions of Peru, both public and private, make use of these information systems for the processes of analysis, research, planning and decision making. In this sense, the application of Bloomberg in the teaching and learning process of the specific contents to the accounting, finance and investments courses has been used as academic innovation in the Accounting undergraduate program of Pontifical Catholic University From Peru. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to value the innovation made in order to know the opinions and collect the experiences of the students on the use of Bloomberg, and, at the same time, the recommendations as a result of the innovation made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparisons between countries around the globe reported since 1999 reveal that nations' wealth consistently increases with distance from the Equator. Is Peru's territory exempt from this trend? This study used GPS coordinates, questionnaire data, climate files, and census information from the 2000 Peru Demographic and Health Survey, Climate Wizard, and G-Econ data sets to reconcile the contradictory national evidence and understand the role of certain geophysical and social variables. Household assets increase from north to south in the Brack ecological regions with latitudinal orientation which were studied (Desert, Puna, Yunga, Amazon), especially in rural settings, and as does women's education, except in the Amazon. Neither temperature nor fourteen other geophysical and social variables account for such effects, though women's domestic power explains them in the Yunga ecoregion. The findings can be understood through two theoretical perspectives: one, according to the evolutionary theses of Lynn, Rushton, and Kanazawa, suggests the genetic fixation of differential intellectual levels caused by an ancestral adaptation of Peruvian to various conditions of climate and altitude. The other, combining what is known about ultraviolet radiation, vitamin D, and production of sexual hormones with Zajon's confluence theory, is defined by fertility rate and the consequent intellectual home environment for the child. Both predict the increment of IQ and educational PISA scores from north to south Peru, but one points toward education and the other to family planning as human development strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The instrumental variables (IV) method has recently become widely popular in applied econometrics. However, recent work in the literature has shown that if instruments do not hold the relevance and exogeneity conditions at least in a «strong» way, the estimation results could be quite different from the population parameters, and an interpretation of the results would be meaningless. This paper presents this problem and shows some recent tests to verify the validity of the instruments employed. Additionally, I apply those tests to the estimation of the effects of child labor and household work on school attainment, by using a sample of 913 children from the Peruvian Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) of 1997 and 2000. In this estimation, the instruments selected passed all the tests of exogeneity and relevance, so we can trust the consistency of these results. They show that household work performed by children has a positive impact on the children's observed educational performance three years later. In addition, the impact of child labor is negative, but it is not significantly different from zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]