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Copyright of Diyala Journal of Medicine is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Samples of clove obtained from local baser in Erbil-Iraq to determine the potential antimicrobial, and applicant as external physical potential analgesic action. The clove extracts were found to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Extract of Cloves oil gotten and mixed with Olive oil with deferent ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and2:1) volumes clove oil: olive oil, and homogenized to preparing the formulas. The prepared formulas were tested for healing and checked for any adverse effects on 30 donors who presented with muscle spasms and pain. The best formula concentration (I: 5) Clove: Olive oils, confirmed 40% of healing in the first day and 100% of healing within three days of applying the formula for the donors, and show no adverse effect. Then the best formula was used to treat 120 donors who presented with muscle spasms and muscle pain. and the result was fantastic as 40% of them cured after the first day of applying this formula and all (100%) of them cured within three days of using this formula without any adverse effect; while there were side effects recorded such as weakness, sleepiness, delirium and confusion: the positive group (control group) who used analgesic medications to relieve muscle spasm under the supervision of a professional nurse; whereas the negative group (healthy individual) who used this formula showed no side effects. This indicates that using the new prepared formula is healthier than using medications like analgesics in managing muscle spasms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in Baghdad, Iraq in 2008. Results of the GYTS showed that 7.4 percent of students aged 13-15 years reported having ever smoked cigarettes and 12.9 had ever smoked shisha. GYTS was developed by World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Canadian Public Health Association. Other results of the survey are discussed.

Twenty daily time step–based SWAT simulation models for the Duhok, Adhaim and Dokan dam watersheds, in Iraq, were implemented using five land cover (LC) and digital elevation model (DEM) of different resolutions. The optimal LC and DEM for computing the most accurate streamflow for each watershed were specified. Results indicated that delineation of the flat watersheds is significantly affected by the DEM resolution and there was no evident trend on the computation of watersheds' total areas, boundaries, number of subbasins and stream networks. Moreover, there is no significant trend between the increase in LC and DEM resolutions and accuracy of the computed streamflow. The most accurate streamflows for the Duhok, Adhaim and Dokan watersheds were computed using LC (DEM) of 30 m, 1000 m and 1000 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data from population-based cancer registries (PBCR) are critical for planning, monitoring and evaluation of cancer control programs, but are frequently underutilized by key stakeholders. As part of the ongoing partnership of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) in cancer surveillance, we designed a cancer registry survey to assess the level of involvement of PBCR in national cancer control planning across the region. A questionnaire on registry characteristics, their contribution to cancer control and perceived barriers, was sent to 14 countries with operational PBCR. We obtained replies from Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates. We found a high participation of PBCR in cancer control planning (all registries involved, 46% routinely) and the evaluation of screening (92% registries involved, 46% routinely), but a much lower level of participation in palliative care and rehabilitation activities. Specified barriers included poor governance, a lack of awareness by policy makers, insufficient resources and a limited availability of data electronically, including mortality data. Appropriate planning to ensure the sustainability of PBCR (including the employment of permanent staff), increasing training, building research capacity and ensuring an efficient provision of high-quality data to policymakers, were among the proposed solutions. The results of our study reinforce the need for further tailoring of activities in support of cancer registration and enhanced networking among stakeholders, toward improving quality and use of cancer registry data for cancer control in the EMR., (© 2020 Union for International Cancer Control.)