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Background: With the second‐highest population in the world, suicide‐related deaths in India are high, and adults under 30 are particularly at an increased risk. However, empirical examinations of factors contributing to suicide in India and assessments of reliability and validity of self‐report measures assessing these constructs are rare. Aims: The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ). Materials & Methods: Undergraduate students in India (N = 432) completed the INQ and questionnaires assessing suicidal ideation, depression, fearlessness about death, and pain tolerance. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses of the 15‐item INQ indicated that after removing three items assessing perceived burdensomeness, the two‐factor structure of INQ demonstrated acceptable fit with good internal consistency for each of the subscales (α =.84–.90). In line with the interpersonal‐psychological theory of suicidal behavior (IPTS), thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness interacted to predict suicidal ideation. Additionally, these constructs were positively associated with suicidal ideation and depression, and weakly correlated with fearlessness about death and pain tolerance. Discussion: Results support the relevance of the IPTS for understanding suicidal ideation among college students in India. Conclusion: The results suggest that modified INQ demonstrates strong internal consistency, as well as good construct, criterion, and discriminant validity among Indian college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]