1. Clinical characteristics and immune profile alterations in vaccinated individuals with breakthrough Delta SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- Author
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Fan, Qinghong, Shi, Jingrong, Yang, Yanhong, Tang, Guofang, Jiang, Mengling, Li, Jiaojiao, Tang, Jingyan, Li, Lu, Wen, Xueliang, Zhang, Lieguang, Deng, Xizi, Wang, Yaping, Lan, Yun, Li, Liya, Peng, Ping, Tong, Yuwei, Lu, Huan, Yan, Lili, Liu, Ying, and Cai, Shuijiang
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant ,BREAKTHROUGH infections ,MONONUCLEAR leukocytes ,VACCINATION ,SARS-CoV-2 - Abstract
Despite timely immunization programs, and efficacious vaccines conveying protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals have been reported. The Delta variant of concern (VOC) outbreak in Guangzhou resulted in local transmission in vaccinated and non-vaccinated residents, providing a unique opportunity to study the protective effects of the inactivated vaccines in breakthrough infection. Here, we find that the 2-dose vaccinated group has similar peak viral titers and comparable speeds of viral RNA clearance to the non-vaccinated group but accelerated viral suppression in the middle course of the disease. We quantitatively demonstrate that peak viral pneumonia is significantly mitigated in the 2-dose vaccine group (median 0.298%) compared with the non-vaccinated (5.77%) and 1-dose vaccine (3.34%) groups. Pneumonia absorbance is approximately 6 days ahead in the 2-dose group (median 10 days) than in the non-vaccinated group (16 days) (p = 0.003). We also observe reduced cytokine inflammation and markedly undisturbed gene transcription profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the 2-dose group. In short, our study demonstrates that prior vaccination substantially restrains pneumonia development, reduces cytokine storms, and facilitates clinical recovery. SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals are a public health concern. Here, the authors analyse the clinical characteristics and profile immune alterations among vaccinated and non-vaccinated residents with Delta SARS-CoV-2 infection in Guangzhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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