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Background Enteric diseases are among the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in gorillas, and it is often caused by bacteria. Methods A thirteen-year-old captive female western lowland gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla) developed hemorrhagic diarrhea. Despite the treatment, the animal died 7 days after the onset of clinical signs. The animal was submitted to a thorough pathological and microbiological evaluation. Results Pathologic examination revealed a severe acute hemorrhagic colitis, neutrophilic splenitis, glomerulitis, and interstitial pneumonia. Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis was isolated from a mesenteric lymph node. Conclusion A diagnosis of hemorrhagic colitis associated with Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis was established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]