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Fumonisin B1(FB1) is a secondary metabolite produced byFusarium verticillioidesorFusarium proliferatum, which present in food and feed. It causes hazardous effects on human and animal health. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) against FB1was produced and a simple, reliable and sensitive, competitive, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ci-ELISA) for detection of FB1was developed and the experiment conditions were optimized. The coating concentration of FB1-ovalbumin (FB1-OVA) was 500 ng mL−1, the action concentrations of anti-FB1mAb and goat anti-mouse IgG were 1.28 × 104and 1:5000, respectively. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 11 ng mL−1, with a detectable range of 1.25–250 ng mL−1, and a limit of determination (LOD) of 1.15 ng mL−1. The cross-reactivity (CR) of the antibody against fumonisin B2(FB2) was 60.4, and <1% against deoxynivalenol (DON), aflatoxin B1(AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA) or zearalenone (ZEN). In spiked samples (250 ng g−1, 500 ng g−1, 1000 ng g−1), the mean recoveries ranged from 86.7 ± 5% to 102 ± 4%, and the coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 3% to 10%. A survey of 96 corn samples from Bozhou, Fuyang, Bengbu, and Hefei, in Anhui province, China, was performed. Frequencies of FB1contamination were 83.3%, 95.8%, 20.8% and 91.7%, and the mean concentrations of positive samples were 0.702 μg kg−1, 0.883 μg kg−1, 0.074 μg kg−1, and 0.276 μg kg−1, respectively. The results of this study suggest that the ci-ELISA developed in this study can be used to identify FB1in corn, furthermore, further study is needed to investigate FB1contamination in food and feed to prevent its harmful health effects. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]