1,717 results
Search Results
2. Paper Trails.
- Author
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SARTORIUS, DAVID
- Subjects
- *
PASSPORTS , *LATIN Americans , *UNDOCUMENTED immigrants , *BORDER security , *HAITIANS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,UNITED States citizenship - Abstract
This essay reflects on the materiality of migration with a focus on passports and other kinds of documentary permissions for travel. It argues that throughout the history of the Americas passports have acquired meanings exceeding contemporary associations with national citizenship that are discernible in literary works and in the archival record. It looks to documentary practices in Latin America and the Caribbean to decenter the United States from studies of border crossing and Latinx subjectivities, suggesting intersecting hemispheric practices that delineate the relative importance of being documented or undocumented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Do You Have Papers?: Latinx Third Graders Analyze Immigration Policy Through Critical Multicultural Literature.
- Author
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Braden, Eliza G.
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRATION policy , *CHILDREN of migrant laborers , *PICTURE books , *ELEMENTARY schools ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This article discusses the results of an empirical study that examined third grade Latinx children's discussions of literature dealing with themes of immigration. The study focused on the reading of six picture books by Mexican-origin children at a public elementary school located in the southeastern portion of the U.S. The data were collected by audio recordings, blogging transcripts, interviews, and children's artifacts. The findings suggest that discussions about immigration in elementary classrooms have the potential to help young children name, react to, and analyze issues related to immigration. This study aims to offer critical literacy approaches to elementary education, providing insights into how teachers can purposefully select and guide discussions around taboo topics such as immigration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Privilege without papers: Intersecting inequalities among 1.5-generation Brazilians in Massachusetts.
- Author
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Cebulko, Kara
- Subjects
- *
UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,UNITED States citizenship - Abstract
This paper explores the case of 1.5-generation Brazilians who migrated to Massachusetts in the 1980s and 1990s and grew up as unauthorized. Compared to unauthorized youth from other Latin American groups, Brazilians who migrated during this time are relatively privileged: they often come from Brazilian middle-class families, are relatively lighter-skinned, and as visa over-stayers who migrated pre-2001, they have been better positioned to access the very limited pathways to citizenship. Drawing primarily on in-depth interviews, I argue that “privilege without papers”—that is, the intersection of racial and/or social class privilege with (il)legality—shapes their lives in important and nuanced ways. Indeed, some 1.5-generation Brazilians are quite aware of their privilege relative to other unauthorized groups from Latin America. Many Brazilians have experienced movement toward legal inclusion in young adulthood either through Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, which grants partial inclusion, or through marriage or other legal dispensations that grant pathways to citizenship. Shifts in status have brought new opportunities, some peace of mind, and a degree of legitimacy. Yet, for many, including several who could pass as White, the legacy of legal exclusion has undermined their sense of belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Political Advocacy in the Context of “Show Me Your Papers”: How Do Human Service Administrators Respond to Policy Upheaval?
- Author
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Smith, Brenda D., Womack, Bethany G., and Knierim, Matthew
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRATION law , *SOCIAL case work , *EXECUTIVES , *NONPROFIT organizations , *POLITICAL participation , *STATE governments , *CONSUMER activism , *ETHICS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This study focuses on the political advocacy of human service administrators following implementation of a highly restrictive state immigration law. It tests hypotheses to assess whether factors associated with the political advocacy of human service administrators generally are also associated with advocacy at a time of policy crisis. Findings suggest that few human service administrators engaged in immigration-related advocacy, and that those who did advocate were those most likely to perceive organizational benefit for doing so. The findings raise questions about the conditions under which human service administrators will advocate for social benefit in an organizational or individual role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Gold mountain dreams and paper son schemes: Chinese immigration under exclusion.
- Author
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Hsu, Madeline
- Subjects
- *
CHINESE people ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
Examines the painstaking steps taken by Chinese to enter the United States during the time of exclusion. Irrelevance of questions that immigration officials directed at Chinese applicants; Exploration of Fong Sun Yin's genealogy; Creation of slots for paper sons.
- Published
- 1997
7. Doing REAL History: Citing Your Mother in Your Research Paper.
- Author
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Libresco, Andrea S.
- Subjects
- *
STUDY & teaching of oral history , *SOCIAL sciences ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
Presents a technique for secondary teachers assigning oral history projects that students enjoyed but did not consider to be real history. Accounts of the difficulties encountered by United States immigrants; Choices to make within the topic of immigration; Characteristics of the typical immigrant from North America; Assigning oral history projects to children of immigrants.
- Published
- 2001
8. Information Technology: Near-Term Effort to Automate Paper-Based Immigration Files Needs Planning Improvements: GAO-06-375.
- Author
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Hite, Randolph C.
- Subjects
INFORMATION technology ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,AUTOMATION ,PUBLIC officers ,SCANNING systems - Abstract
The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) relies on about 55 million paper-based files to adjudicate applications for immigration status and other benefits. Ensuring the currency and availability of these manual files, referred to as alien files, or A-Files, is a major challenge. To address this challenge, USCIS has initiated efforts, both long and near term, to automate the A-Files. The long-term effort is now being re-examined within the context of a larger USCIS organizational transformation initiative. In the near term, USCIS has begun a digitization program, which it estimates will cost about $190 million over an 8-year period to electronically scan existing paper files and store and share the scanned images. GAO was asked to determine whether USCIS was effectively managing its A-Files automation efforts. USCIS's effectiveness in managing its long-term effort for automating the A-Files cannot yet be determined because the scope, content, and approach for moving from paper-based to paperless A-Files has yet to be defined. Nevertheless, GAO believes that USCIS's recent decision to re-examine prior agency plans for a strategic A-Files automation solution within the context of an agencywide transformation strategy appropriately recognizes the integral support role that information technology plays in organizational and business transformation. GAO also believes that the success of USCIS's organizational transformation depends on other key supporting practices, such as having a comprehensive and integrated transformation plan (goals and schedules) and results-oriented performance measures. With respect to USCIS's near-term A-Files automation effort, known as the Integrated Digitization Document Management Program (IDDMP), effective planning is not occurring. In particular, USCIS has not developed a plan governing how it will manage this program and its contractors, and it has not developed an evaluation plan for its ongoing digitization concept of operations pilot test, even though it has either awarded or plans to award contracts totaling about $20 million for this pilot. In addition, USCIS officials told us they do not yet know which A-Files immigration forms will be scanned. Without a defined scope and adequate planning, this program is at risk of falling short of expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
9. Introduction: US High-Skilled Immigration in the Global Economy.
- Author
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Kerr, William R. and Turner, Sarah E.
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,IMMIGRANTS ,MINORITIES - Abstract
an introduction is presented in which author discusses reports within the issue on topics including the traits of high-skilled immigrants coming to the U.S., native responses and economic outcomes to immigration, and higher collaboration within ethnic groups even post-migration.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Paper Sons.
- Author
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Jackson, Hayes
- Subjects
- *
CHINESE people ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
Presents information on the immigration of the Chinese to the United States. Evidence showing their entry from the 1880s to 1930s; How the records were discovered by Betty Lee Sung, a professor emerita at the City College of New York; Legislation against the entry of Chinese to the US; Anti-Chinese sentiment during that time.
- Published
- 1994
11. When deservingness policies converge: US immigration enforcement, health reform and patient dumping.
- Author
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Kline, Nolan
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION law ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,POLICY sciences ,TRANSPORTATION of patients ,PATIENT Protection & Affordable Care Act ,HEALTH care reform - Abstract
As immigration and health policy continue to be contentious topics globally, anthropologists must examine how policy creates notions of health-related deservingness, which may have broad consequences. This paper explores hidden relationships between immigration enforcement laws and the most recent health reform law in the United States, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which excludes immigrants from certain types of health services. Findings in this paper show how increasingly harsh immigration enforcement efforts provide health facilities a 'license to discriminate' against undocumented immigrants, resulting in some facilities 'dumping' undocumented patients or unlawfully transferring them from one hospital to another. Due to changes made through the ACA, patient dumping disproportionately complicates public hospitals' financial viability and may have consequences on public facilities' ability to provide care for all indigent patients. By focusing on the converging consequences of immigrant policing and health reform, findings in this paper ultimately show that examining deservingness assessments and how they become codified into legislation, which I call 'deservingness projects', can reveal broader elements of state power and demonstrate how such power extends beyond targeted populations. Exercises of state power can thus have 'spillover effects' that harm numerous vulnerable populations, highlighting the importance of medical anthropology in documenting the broad, hidden consequences of governmental actions that construct populations as undeserving of social services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Walking Papers.
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration - Published
- 1959
13. Forward Halt.
- Author
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Mahler, Jonathan
- Subjects
RESIGNATION from public office ,IMMIGRANTS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,AMERICAN Jews ,NEWSPAPERS - Abstract
Focuses on the ousting of Seth Lipsky, editor of the newspaper "Jewish Daily Forward," by the board of the Forward Association which owns half of the newspaper. Accusation made by the Forward Association that Lipsky was too conservative; Objectives of the newspaper to give a voice to Jewish immigrants who were streaming into the U.S. from Eastern Europe; Role of the paper in fighting for the working class and associating itself with the labor movement; Endorsement made by Lipsky to the candidacy of U.S. President Bill Clinton.
- Published
- 2000
14. Raspail, racism, and migration: Implications for radicalization in a polarizing world.
- Author
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Jarvis, G. E.
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,RACISM ,TERRORISM ,PRACTICAL politics ,VIOLENCE ,BOOKS ,REFUGEES ,THEMATIC analysis ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) - Abstract
Jean Raspail's controversial 1973 novel The camp of the saints predicts mass migration to Europe that will destroy European civilization. Decades later, the book has accurately predicted the hundreds of thousands of refugees arriving in Europe annually, prompting a continent-wide crisis. From Lesbos and Lampedusa to the Canary Islands and Calais, no one seems to know how to stem the flow of humanity. Borders are being resurrected, despite Schengen and European Union (EU) agreements, in an effort to control the movement of populations. European governments disagree on how to proceed and some are suggesting that the EU could be torn apart by differing approaches to the problem. But does this have to be the response to the migration crisis? This paper compares the predictions of The camp of the saints to events in Europe today and critiques the book's conclusions with regard to what is an ancient phenomenon: movements of migrants from surplus to deficit labor settings. The paper will also evaluate the response to migrants in the United States under its populist president, Donald Trump, and will review related issues in other parts of the world: Turkey, Russia, and Canada. Contrary to Raspail's predictions, world leaders will need to accept what has already become a de facto reality: large scale admission of migrants and refugees to the EU and North America, as full citizens, will be the only realistic way to preserve prosperity in the years to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. REVISITING HITTI'S THOUGHTS ON PALESTINE AND ARAB IDENTITY.
- Author
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Shibley, Gregory J.
- Subjects
ETHNIC identity of Arab Americans ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,ARAB Americans ,PALESTINIANS ,DIASPORA - Abstract
Philip K. Hitti was the first scholar to study Arab-American immigration to the United States. Highly influential during the twentieth century, his ideas have lost much of their appeal to current interpreters of the early diaspora of Arab-Americans called Syrians at the time. This article revisits Hitti's thought, focusing on the issues of Palestine and Arab identity. Using primary source material from Hitti's archived papers, plus multiple secondary sources, I argue that Hitti maintained consistency, both in his advocacy of the general Arab stance opposing a Jewish homeland in Palestine, and in his construction of Arab identity as different from Syrian identity. On Palestine, Hitti clashed with Albert Einstein, in public discourse and in an acerbic private exchange of correspondence. On Arab identity, Hitti held firm to a strict interpretation, distinguishing Syrians, conceptualized as Christian, from Arabs, conceptualized as Islamic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Brief Notices: New and Upcoming Titles of Interest to Social Work and Social Welfare Scholars.
- Subjects
SOCIAL services ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,PARENTING - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Immigration and the Life Course: Contextualizing and Understanding Healthcare Access and Health of Older Adult Immigrants.
- Author
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Bacong, Adrian M. and Đoàn, Lan N.
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION law ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,IMMIGRANTS ,HEALTH services accessibility ,ACTIVE aging ,ACCULTURATION ,HUMAN life cycle ,SURVEYS ,HEALTH attitudes ,AGING ,HEALTH insurance ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,INSURANCE ,PROBABILITY theory ,OLD age - Abstract
Objective: Immigrant health discussions often focus on acculturation and omit discussions on historical events that may underlie health differences among immigrant older adults. This paper provides a historical overview of immigration policy and flows to the U.S. and examines insurance access and health difficulties by sending country. Methods: We analyzed the "Immigrants Admitted to the United States, Fiscal Years 1972–2000" and 2015–2019 American Community Survey datasets to examine the number of admitted immigrants, sociodemographic profiles for current immigrant older adults, and the predicted probabilities of health insurance access and health difficulties. Results: Our results highlight alignment of immigration flows with immigration legislation and vast heterogeneity in migration, health, and healthcare access of immigrants by sending country. Discussion/Implications: Public health practitioners must consider how historical events and social factors contribute to the healthcare access and health of immigrant populations, as demographic shifts will require interventions that promote equitable healthy aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Ways of Staying Put in Ecuador: Social and Embodied Experiences of Mobility–Immobility Interactions.
- Author
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Mata-Codesal, Diana
- Subjects
INTERNAL migration ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,TRANSNATIONALISM ,FAMILY relations ,SOCIAL dynamics ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,ADULTS ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
Immobility is to be complicated as a topic of study in research on human migration. This paper analyses different ways of staying put, investigating the motivations, degree of (in)voluntariness and associated narratives, to show how immobility is as complex a research category as mobility. It does so in the context of irregular male migration from a rural location in Andean Ecuador to the USA. This paper also focuses on the interactions between mobility and immobility. Families with migrant and non-migrant members are imbued with and affected by changing mobility–immobility dynamics. This paper explores such dynamics to facilitate the understanding of local sociocultural logic, where mobility and immobility are infused with specific meaning, while placing such dynamics within global regimes of (im)mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Impact of the 1996 Welfare Reform and Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Acts on Caribbean Immigrants.
- Author
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Clarke, Velta
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,PUBLIC welfare ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,FAMILIES ,WEST Indians - Abstract
This paper examines the impact of the 1996 Welfare Reform and Illegal Immigration and Immigrant Responsibility Acts on Caribbean immigrants in the United States. Drawing from the conceptual framework posited by Dye's (1984) Elite Preference Model of policy analysis, the author argues that the three laws have created enormous economic and psychological difficulties among families in the United States. Developing countries in the Caribbean region have been severely impacted by the law since they have had to accommodate returning citizens when they are deported under provisions of immigration policies. The question for consideration by this paper is how may the legal and human rights of deportees be balanced against the rights of the U.S. government to secure its borders and ensure the security of its citizens? The paper also addresses issues of immigration, and international relations particularly the north-south dialogue between powerful developed countries such as the United States and small developing states of the Caribbean. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Public Health Challenges and Barriers to Health Care Access for Asylum Seekers at the U.S.-Mexico Border in Matamoros, Mexico.
- Author
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Reynolds, Christopher W.
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION law ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,HEALTH policy ,HEALTH education ,HEALTH services accessibility ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,HUMANITARIANISM ,HOSPITAL emergency services ,NUTRITION ,RESEARCH methodology ,PUBLIC health ,SANITATION ,MEDICAL care ,INTERVIEWING ,MENTAL health ,CONTINUUM of care ,QUALITATIVE research ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,REFUGEES ,EMPLOYMENT ,SEX crimes ,STATISTICAL sampling - Abstract
The Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) and border closure to asylum seekers during the COVID-19 pandemic created a humanitarian crisis at the U.S.-Mexico border. This paper outlines the public health challenges and health care access barriers for asylum seekers living in a tent encampment in Matamoros, Mexico resulting from these policies. Thirty participants, including asylum seekers (n=20) and health care professionals (n=10) in the Matamoros asylum camp, were interviewed. Public health challenges included environmental exposures and inadequate infrastructure; poor sanitation and disease control; and limited safety, nutrition, education, and employment. Health care access barriers included lack of continuity of care and emergency services, resource insufficiencies, and interpersonal barriers. Policy responses to address these challenges include outlawing MPP and other immigration policies that infringe on human rights, collaborating with international partners, and implementing more creative and community-based approaches to asylum processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Migration to the US among rural Puerto Ricans who inject drugs: influential factors, sources of support, and challenges for harm reduction interventions.
- Author
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Abadie, R., Habecker, P., Gelpi-Acosta, C., and Dombrowski, K.
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,HUMAN migration patterns ,HARM reduction ,HIV - Abstract
Background: While PWID of Puerto Rican origin have been migrating to the US for decades, the range of factors influencing their migration to the US and the resources they draw on to do so are not well understood. This is particularly true for rural Puerto Rican PWID, and the present study is the first empirical research to document migration patterns among this population. The specificities of their migration raise important challenges that need to be documented in order to implement more effective harm reduction policies at home (Puerto Rico) and abroad (US).Methods: This paper draws from data obtained employing a modified NHBS survey which was administered to (N =296) PWID in four rural municipalities of Puerto Rico with participants 18 years or older. The primary dependent variables for this paper are the number of times a person has lived in the continental US, and if they are planning on moving to the continental US in the future.Results: Findings suggest that 65% of the sample reported ever lived in the US and that 49% are planning on moving in the future. The number of times living in the US is associated with higher education and older age, but not with self-reported positive HIV or HCV statuses. Planning to move to the US is associated with knowing PWID who have moved or plan to move, negatively associated with age, and is not associated with HIV or HCV status. Around one third of those that lived in the US reported having some sort of support, with the majority receiving support from family sources. No participant received help to enter HIV/HCV treatment.Conclusions: A multi-region approach to prevention is required to make a dent in curbing HIV/HCV transmission in this population. Understanding PWID migration patterns, risk behaviors, and health care needs in the US is now more important than ever as natural disasters prompted by human-made climate change will only increase in the future, raising demands not only for service providers but also harm reduction policies to cope with an increasing influx of "climate refugees" as PWID move across national borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The Role of Social Capital in the Remittance Decisions of Mexican Migrants from 1969 to 2000.
- Author
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Maggard, Kasey Q.
- Subjects
- *
REMITTANCES , *IMMIGRANTS , *INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) , *ECONOMIC development , *MEXICAN Americans , *MEXICANS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
Remittances from migrants in the United States play a major role in the Mexican economy. This paper analyzes the role that different types of social capital play in the remittances decisions of Mexican migrants. Both the decision to remit and the decision on how much to remit are analyzed. The model, based on the idea of enlightened altruism, assumes that the migrant makes his decisions based on his own well-being as well as that of his household in Mexico and his community in Mexico. Social capital is defined as the resources one gains from relationships and networks. Four different types of social capital are identified in this paper: hometown-friendship networks in the United States, family networks in the United States, other-ethnicity-based networks in the United States, and community networks in Mexico. Social capital from friendships proves to be very positively significant in both the decision to remit and how much to remit. However, for all of the observations, familial social capital is not significant in either the decision to remit or how much to remit, although familial social capital has a positive role in both tests. Other-ethnicity-based social capital negatively influences both decisions and is significant in both as well. Social capital in Mexico has a significant negative impact on the two remittance decisions. Beyond social capital, this paper provides insight into other factors that affect remittance decisions including income, bank accounts, proximity to Mexico, exchange rate, interest rate differential, community infrastructure, the number of members in the Mexican household, Mexican household consumption, and time trends. In addition, to investigate time trends further, separate regressions were run on those observations where the last migration took place before 1991 and those whose last migration occurred after 1990. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
23. The Institute of Mexicans Abroad: The Day After...After 156 Years.
- Author
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Cano, Gustavo and Délano, Alexandra
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRANTS , *TRANSNATIONALISM , *POLITICS & ethnic relations ,MEXICAN politics & government ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This paper addresses the relationship between the Mexican government and the organized Mexican immigrant community in the United States from a historical perspective and within a framework of transnational politics. We argue that transnational relations between the Mexican government and Mexican immigrants in the United States are not new; however, these relations vary across time depending on political and economic circumstances that involve U.S.-Mexico relations. These historical links have provided the basis for the existence of current organizations of Mexican immigrants in the United States as well as the recent creation and development of the Mexican government?s institutions to manage this relationship. In recent years, we identify a change in Mexico?s traditional approach to migration issues in the bilateral agenda, as well as a shift in the relationship between the Mexican immigrant communities and the government. The process of institutionalization of this new relation began with the Program for Mexican Communities Abroad (PCME, in Spanish) in 1990, and was strongly consolidated in 2003 with the creation of the Institute of Mexicans Abroad (IME, in Spanish). We argue that the IME is the first Mexican governmental transnational institution in the history of relations between the Mexican government and the Mexican community in the United States. As such, we explore some of the challenges it faces in order to achieve its objectives and exert influence in American ethnic politics. In the first part of the paper we present a theoretical overview about the historical perspective of transnational politics. The second part offers a historical account of the development of the transnational relations between the Mexican government and the organized Mexican immigrant community in the last 156 years. In the third part, we analyze the challenges faced by the IME and its potential influence in American ethnic politics. Finally, we conclude with a section of remarks from both theoretical and empirical standpoints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. United States immigration detention amplifies disease interaction risk: A model for a transnational ICE-TB-DM2 syndemic.
- Author
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Houston, Ashley R., Lynch, Kathleen, Ostrach, Bayla, Isaacs, Yoshua Seidner, Nvé Díaz San Francisco, Carolina, Lee, Jae Moo, Emard, Nicholas, and Proctor, Dylan Atchley
- Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS risk factors ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,EVALUATION of medical care ,CORRECTIONAL institutions ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,SYNDEMICS ,CROWDS ,SANITATION ,PUBLIC health ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,MALNUTRITION ,LITERATURE reviews ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Detention and removal of unauthorised immigrants by United States (U.S.) Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has steadily increased despite declining rates of unauthorised migration. ICE detainees are held in overcrowded detention centres, often without due process and deprived of adequate food, sanitation, and medical care. Conditions of ICE detention contribute to malnutrition and increase the likelihood of infectious disease exposure, including tuberculosis (TB). TB infection interacts with Type 2 Diabetes (DM2), disproportionately affecting individuals who are routinely targeted by federal immigration practices. When two diseases interact and exacerbate one another within a larger structural context, thereby amplifying multiple disease interactions, this is called a syndemic. In this paper, we examine malnutrition in ICE detention as a pathway of bidirectional risks for and interactions between TB and DM2 among ICE detainees. Drawing from literature on detention conditions, TB, and DM2 rates along the U.S.-Mexico border, we propose an ICE-TB-DM2 syndemic model. We present a map displaying our proposed syndemic model to demonstrate the spatial application of syndemic theory in the context of ICE detention, strengthening the growing scholarship on syndemics of incarceration and removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. How Three Nazi SS Soldiers Got to New York: Lying on Visa Papers.
- Author
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WINSTON, ALI
- Subjects
- *
NAZIS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
The article discusses how three Nazi Schutzstaffel soldiers lied on their U.S. visa papers to live in New York, highlighting the case of 95-year-old Jakiw Palij who was deported to Germany in August 2018.
- Published
- 2018
26. Immigration and US native workers' wages: differential responses by education.
- Author
-
SrungBoonmee, Tanyamat
- Subjects
WAGE differentials ,INCOME gap ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,FOREIGN workers ,LABOR market ,WAGES - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess how wages of US native workers with various educational backgrounds are affected by immigration. Design/methodology/approach – This paper estimates the responses of these workers' wages to the concentration of immigrants with various educational backgrounds in their local labour markets, using 1980-2000 US Census data and instrumental variables approach. Findings – Wages of native high school dropouts fall slightly in the presence of immigrant high school dropouts and high school graduates; wages of native high school graduates fall slightly in the presence of immigrant high school graduates, but rise in the presence of immigrants with higher levels of education; wages of native workers with some college education fall slightly with larger concentrations of immigrant high school graduates but rise slightly with larger concentrations of immigrant college graduates; and there is no evidence that wages of native college graduates are affected by immigration. Originality/value – No previous studies have considered these possibilities when assessing the impact of immigration on native workers' wages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Undocumented and Mixed-Status Latinx Families: Sociopolitical Considerations for Systemic Practice.
- Author
-
Walsdorf, Ashley A., Machado Escudero, Yolanda, and Bermúdez, J. Maria
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION law ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,FAMILY psychotherapy ,FEAR ,PSYCHOLOGY of Hispanic Americans ,PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants ,PRACTICAL politics ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,PSYCHOTHERAPIST attitudes ,FAMILY separation policy, 2018-2021 - Abstract
Millions of mixed-status Latinx immigrant families in the United States are facing extreme stress and fear of family separation stemming from harsh immigration enforcement practices. In this paper, we suggest that true systemic practice involves knowledge and critical engagement with the broader contexts of families' lives. To this end, we review the history of immigration policy that created today's sociopolitical climate and help therapists situate themselves within this larger context. We then offer additional practice considerations for family therapy with mixed-status families, ranging from pre-intake concerns to community and advocacy work. Our hope is that therapists will use the areas of this paper that best fit their own practices and contexts, with the shared goal of providing ethical and just services to undocumented and mixed-status Latinx immigrant families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. How an Irish-American Priest Became Puerto Rican of the Year: Joseph P. Fitzpatrick, S.J., and the Puerto Ricans.
- Author
-
Burgaleta, Claudio M.
- Subjects
CATHOLIC priests ,PUERTO Ricans ,PUERTO Rican Americans ,SOCIOLOGISTS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
One of the first and largest migrations of Latin Americans to the United States occurred from Puerto Rico to New York City in the 1950s. At its height in 1953, the Great Puerto Rican Migration saw some seventy-five thousand Puerto Ricans settled in the great metropolis, and by 1960 there were over half a million New Yorkers of Puerto Rican ancestry in the city. The exodus transformed the capital of the world and taxed its social fabric and institutions. Joseph P. Fitzpatrick, S.J. (1913–95), a Harvard-trained sociologist teaching at Fordham University in the Bronx, played a key role in helping both New York City, its people and social institutions, respond with compassion and creativity to this upheaval. This article chronicles Fitzpatrick's involvement with the Puerto Ricans for over three decades as priest, public intellectual, and advocate on behalf of the newcomers, and social researcher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Intimate and the Imperial: Filipino‐American Marriages and Transnational Mobility between the US and the Philippines, 1930–46.
- Author
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Wells, Allison
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION law ,HISTORY of United States territories & possessions ,FILIPINO Repatriation Act, 1935 (U.S.) ,WAR brides ,INTERRACIAL marriage ,INTERNAL migration ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,PHILIPPINE history, 1898-1945 ,20TH century United States history ,HISTORY - Abstract
This paper focuses on interracial Filipino-American couples attempting to migrate between the United States and the Philippines using the Repatriation Act of 1935 and the War Brides Act of 1945. The prospect of the migrating interracial couple posed new questions for US immigration bureaucracy, prompting reconsideration of policies regarding marriage, family, dependence and citizenship. Viewing the United States and the Philippines in one frame of analysis, with these two Acts as bookends, this paper considers migration a process driven by the desires and needs of couples, mediated by regimes of US border control and empire. Gendered and radicalised notions of protection influenced the implementation of these Acts, with longer term consequences for race, gender and family-based immigration policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Do Perceptions Match Reality? Comparing Latinos' Perceived Views of State Immigration Policy Environments with Enacted Policies.
- Author
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Ybarra, Vickie D., Juárez Pérez, Melina, and Sanchez, Gabriel R.
- Subjects
LATIN Americans ,POLITICAL knowledge ,IMMIGRATION policy ,PUBLIC opinion ,IMMIGRATION law ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
Copyright of Policy Studies Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Disaggregating gang activity: an exploratory study of the socio-demographic context of gang activity.
- Author
-
Hollis, Meghan E.
- Subjects
SOCIAL ecology ,GANGS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,HISPANIC Americans ,HOMICIDE - Abstract
This paper examines the social ecology of gang activity in Fort Worth, Texas, a community with decades-long and recent growth in Latino immigrant populations. Focusing on the contextual correlates of police-defined gang incidents, the paper explores the relationship between traditional social ecological measures of concentrated disadvantage, residential stability, Latino immigration and racial composition and police-defined gang crime activity in Fort Worth communities. To better understand the social ecological dynamics that correlate with gang activity, the analysis uniquely disaggregates gang activity using 1) the police department's gang-related classification system and, 2) four categories of gang crime behaviors within police classifications. Overall, the findings reveal that traditional social ecological indicators are significantly related to gang activity; however, the relationship collapses with disaggregation by gang-involved and gang-related crime behaviors and the four disaggregated crime classifications. Implications for research, theory, and policy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. US Criminal Deportations and Human Capital in Central America.
- Author
-
SVIATSCHI, MARIA MICAELA
- Subjects
DEPORTATION ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,GANGS ,HUMAN capital ,GANG violence ,CENTRAL American politics & government, 1979- - Abstract
The article examines the impact of U.S. criminal deportations in Central America as of May 2019. The U.S. has reportedly been deporting gang members back to their home countries since the late 1980s to reduce violence and crimes. Topics include the possibility that the increased criminal capital in Central America has led to the decline in human capital investments in the region, the history of gangs in Los Angeles, California, and the effects of U.S. gangs on education.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Perceptions of Leadership Effectiveness among the African Diaspora in Canada and USA.
- Author
-
Galperin, Bella L., Michaud, James, Senaji, Thomas A., and Taleb, Ali
- Subjects
AFRICAN diaspora ,AFRICAN philosophy ,LEADERSHIP ,COMMUNICATIVE competence ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This paper investigates the applicability of leadership effectiveness factors developed in Africa to the African diaspora and compares/contrasts perceptions of effective leadership in Canada and the USA. Using quantitative data from the LEAD project, our findings suggest that the African diaspora fully relates to neither Western conceptualization nor African philosophies of leadership. The factors that achieved a good fit in both Canada and the US related to being a knowledgeable leader and effective communication skills. This paper contributes to managing a more diverse and inclusive workplace in the diaspora, and informing leadership theory and practice in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Rumours about the demise of American banknotes are greatly exaggerated.
- Author
-
Jankowski, Carrie and Porter, Richard D.
- Subjects
MONEY ,PAYMENT ,ELECTRONIC funds transfers ,LABOR supply ,CASE studies ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
Despite predictions about its imminent disappearance, cash remains a dominant force in the US payments system. Certain population segments are strongly attracted to its unique bundle of features, particularly privacy and tangibility. One force actually boosting cash usage is the increasing role played by immigration from Latin America in the US workforce. In addition, innovations in electronics and computing have affected the cash world, making banknotes circulate more efficiently. Technological advancements, however, have disproportionately enhanced forms of electronic payment, and the resultant cost savings have worked their way through the rent chain, inducing many consumers to switch away from cash to other payment media such as credit and debit cards and online banking. Most recently, even the most cash-intensive industries are in the process of making notable shifts. This paper examines the transition away from cash in three of these venues: casinos, transport (taxis and toll roads) and vending machines. While it is much too early to proclaim the end of cash, it appears that a reduced role for cash within a growing proportion of US households is now under way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Encyclopedia of American immigration: v.1: Abolitionist movement-French immigrants; v.2: Galvan v. Press-Pakistani immigrants; v.3: Paper sons-Zadvydas v. Davis.
- Author
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Montgomery, S. E.
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,NONFICTION - Abstract
The article reviews the book "The Encyclopedia of American Immigration," edited by Carl L. Bankston III.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Immigration and robots: is the absence of immigrants linked to the rise of automation?
- Author
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Liu, Larry and Portes, Alejandro
- Subjects
AUTOMATION ,ROBOTS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,FOREIGN workers ,AGRICULTURAL laborers - Abstract
Increasing concerns about automation of work raise the question what the demographic components are that promote the spread of technology. What is the relationship between the presence of immigrants and automation? This paper is divided into two parts: an empirical investigation and a historical case study. Empirically, we use data from the International Federation of Robotics and the American Community Survey to show that US counties that have a higher share of foreign-born population, especially from Latin American countries (low-skilled), but also from China and India (high-skilled), exhibit less robot exposure, which confirms the intuition that regions with more low-skilled and high-skilled immigrant workers with low wages and low organizational clout provide employers with alternatives to robots. The case study of the Florida sugarcane producers shows that the availability of low-skilled foreign workers can diminish incentives to mechanize production unless protests/ lawsuits make them more expensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Potential Beneficiaries of the Obama Administration's Executive Action Programs Deeply Embedded in US Society.
- Author
-
Kerwin, Donald and Warren, Robert
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION enforcement ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,HUMAN security ,UNITED States citizenship - Abstract
The Obama administration has developed two broad programs to defer immigration enforcement actions against undocumented persons living in the United States: (1) Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA); and (2) Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). The DACA program, which began in August 2012, was expanded on November 20, 2014. DAPA and the DACA expansion (hereinafter referred to as "DACA-plus") are currently under review by the US Supreme Court and subject to an active injunction. This paper offers a statistical portrait of the intended direct beneficiaries of DAPA, DACA, and DACA-plus. It finds that potential DAPA, DACA, and DACA-plus recipients are deeply embedded in US society, with high employment rates, extensive US family ties, long tenure, and substantial rates of English-language proficiency. The paper also notes various groups that would benefit indirectly from the full implementation of DAPA and DACA or, conversely, would suffer from the removal of potential beneficiaries of these programs. For example, all those who would rely on the retirement programs of the US government will benefit from the high employment rates and relative youth of the DACA population, while many US citizens who rely on the income of a DAPA-eligible parent would fall into poverty or extreme poverty should that parent be removed from the United States. This paper offers an analysis of potential DAPA and DACA beneficiaries. In an earlier study, the authors made the case for immigration reform based on long-term trends related to the US undocumented population, including potential DAPA and DACA beneficiaries (Warren and Kerwin 2015). By contrast, this paper details the degree to which these populations have become embedded in US society. It also compares persons eligible for the original DACA program with those eligible for DACA-plus. As stated, the great majority of potential DAPA and DACA recipients enjoy strong family ties, long tenure, and high employment rates in the United States. Nearly one-half of the DAPA population and far higher percentages of the two DACA populations speak English well, very well, or exclusively. An unknown, albeit not insubstantial percentage of both the DAPA- and DACA-eligible may already qualify for an immigration benefit or relief that would put them on a path to permanent residency and US citizenship. These mostly low-wage populations have relatively high rates of poverty and low rates of health insurance. Not surprisingly, the educational attainment, school enrollment rates, and English-language proficiency of the DACA-eligible substantially exceed those of the DAPA-eligible. Both populations enjoy high levels of computer and Internet access. The Center for Migration Studies (CMS) derived its estimates on the DAPA- and DACA-eligible from statistics on the foreign-born population collected in the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS), as described in Warren (2016). It first derived detailed estimates for all undocumented residents, and then used the characteristics of this population (e.g., year of entry, age at entry, etc.) to tabulate the numbers of those who would be eligible for DAPA and DACA in 2014, which is the most recent year available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Bureaucratic neglect: the paradoxical mistreatment of unaccompanied migrant children in the US immigration system.
- Author
-
Grace, Breanne Leigh and Roth, Benjamin J.
- Subjects
UNACCOMPANIED immigrant children ,CHILDREN'S rights ,SOCIAL policy ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
After release from immigrant detainment centres in the United States, a select group of unaccompanied immigrant children enter a community-based programme known as 'post-release services' (PRS) because of an identified vulnerability. Despite the name, post-release services do not confer actual services – only a referral for them. We use an intersectional lens to examine the tension for service providers within PRS policy between the rights of the child and the stigma and increasing criminalisation of being undocumented. This paper is based on document analysis of all public federal documents on unaccompanied children, ethnographic fieldwork in four PRS serving sites in the US, and interviews with 20 unaccompanied children, 17 sponsors, and 13 employees of the government subcontracting agency. Drawing on these unique data sets, we consider how age and legal status intersect in shaping the implementation of services for unaccompanied children and subsequent outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Development of the American Economy.
- Subjects
INTERSTATE Highway System ,ECONOMIC history ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,UNITED States economy, 2017-2021 ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECONOMIC impact of emigration & immigration - Published
- 2018
40. Why are Asian-Americans educationally hyper-selected? The case of Taiwan.
- Author
-
Model, Suzanne
- Subjects
EDUCATION of Asian Americans ,TAIWANESE Americans ,FOREIGN students ,INTERNATIONAL graduate students ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,TAIWANESE politics & government, 1945- ,ACADEMIC achievement ,UNITED States immigration policy ,HISTORY ,20TH century United States history - Abstract
Several Asian-American groups are more educated than their non-migrant compatriots in Asia and their native-born white competitors in America. Lee and Zhou show that this "educational hyper-selectivity" has significant implications for the socio-economic success of Asian immigrants and their children. But they devote relatively little attention to its causes. This paper develops an answer in the Taiwan case. Using interviews and statistics, it shows that the Taiwanese secured an educational advantage because those arriving before 1965 consisted almost entirely of graduate students. Although they entered on student visas, prevailing political and economic conditions led them to settle in the U.S. After the passage of the Hart-Celler Act, these movers reproduced their advantage by sponsoring the arrival of kin, most of whom were also well-educated. The paper's conclusion assesses the ability of American immigration law to foster the formation of hyper-selected groups.en. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. From IIRIRA to Trump: Connecting the Dots to the Current US Immigration Policy Crisis.
- Author
-
Kerwin, Donald
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION reform ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,IMMIGRANTS - Abstract
When signing into law the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA, or "the Act"),1 President William J. Clinton asserted that the legislation strengthened "the rule of law by cracking down on illegal immigration at the border, in the workplace, and in the criminal justice system--without punishing those living in the United States legally" (Clinton 1996). In fact, the Act has severely punished US citizens and noncitizens of all statuses. It has also eroded the rule of law by eliminating due process from the overwhelming majority of removal cases, curtailing equitable relief from removal, mandating detention (without individualized custody determinations) for broad swaths of those facing deportation, and erecting insurmountable, technical roadblocks to asylum. In addition, it created new immigration-related crimes and established "the concept of 'criminal alienhood,'" which has "slowly, but purposefully" conflated criminality and lack of immigration status (Abrego et al. 2017, 695). It also conditioned family reunification on income, divided mixed-status families, and consigned other families to marginal and insecure lives in the United States (Lopez 2017, 246). Finally, it created the 287(g) program that enlists state and local law enforcement agencies in immigration enforcement and drives a wedge between police and immigrant communities. The trend of "cracking down" on immigrants did not begin with IIRIRA. The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986, the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, and the 1990 Immigration Act, for example, expanded deportable offenses (Abrego et al. 2017, 697; Macías-Rojas 2018, 3-4). IIRIRA, however, significantly "ratchet[ed] up" the "punitive aspects of US immigration law already in place" (Abrego et al. 2017, 702), and erected much of the legal and operational infrastructure that underlies the Trump administration's plan to remove millions of undocumented residents and their families, to terrify others into leaving "voluntarily," and to slash legal immigration. In 2016, the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) issued a call for papers to examine IIRIRA's multifaceted consequences. 2 Between March 2017 and January 2018, CMS published eight papers from this collection in its Journal on Migration and Human Security (JMHS). The papers cover the political conditions that gave rise to IIRIRA, and the Act's impact on immigrants, families, communities, and the US immigration system. This article draws on these papers -- as well as sources closer to IIRIRA's passage and implementation -- to describe how the Act transformed US immigration policies and laid the groundwork for the Trump administration's policies.3 After a brief discussion of IIRIRA's origins, the article discusses the law's effects and subsequent policies related to the growth of the US immigration enforcement apparatus, removal, asylum, detention, the criminal prosecution of immigrants, the treatment of immigrant families, and joint federal-state enforcement activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Immigration Governance for the Twenty-First Century.
- Author
-
Wasem, Ruth Ellen
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,FEDERAL government of the United States ,UNITED States. Immigration & Nationality Act ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,MANAGEMENT - Abstract
The governance of immigration has a checkered past, and policy makers' efforts at reform rarely meet expectations. Critiques have echoed over the years and across the political spectrum. The current system of immigration governance is scattered around the federal government, with no clear chain of command. No single government department or agency captures the breadth of the Immigration and Nationality Act's reach. At the crux of understanding immigration governance is acknowledging that immigration is not a program to be administered; rather, it is a phenomenon to be managed. The abundance of commissions that have studied the issues and the various administrative structures over time offers some wisdom on ingredients for successful governance. Based upon this research, options for effective immigration governance emerge. This paper studies the administration of immigration law and policy with an eye trained on immigration governance for the future. It opens with a historical overview that provides the backdrop for the current state of affairs. It then breaks down the missions and functions of the Immigration and Nationality Act by the lead agencies tasked with these responsibilities. The paper concludes with an analysis of options for improving immigration governance. Each of these options poses unique challenges as well as political obstacles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Walking, well-being and community: racialized mothers building cultural citizenship using participatory arts and participatory action research.
- Author
-
O'Neill, Maggie
- Subjects
WOMEN immigrants ,CITIZENSHIP ,RIGHT of asylum ,SOCIAL justice ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,SOCIAL processes - Abstract
Committed to exploring democratic ways of doing research with racialized migrant women and taking up the theme of “what citizenship studies can learn from taking seriously migrant mothers' experiences” for theory and practice this paper explores walking as a method for doing participatory arts-based research with women seeking asylum, drawing upon research undertaken in the North East of England with ten women seeking asylum. Together we developed a participatory arts and participatory action research project that focused upon walking, well-being and community. This paper shares some of the images and narratives created by women participants along the walk, which offer multi-sensory, dialogic and visual routes to understanding, and suggests that arts-based methodologies, using walking biographies, might counter exclusionary processes and practices, generate greater knowledge and understanding of women’s resources in building and performing cultural citizenship across racialized boundaries; and deliver on social justice by facilitating a radical democratic imaginary. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Nation-State Sovereignty and Representations of Unauthorized Immigrants: Interrogating a Key Obstacle to Membership.
- Author
-
Schmidt, Ronald
- Subjects
- *
UNDOCUMENTED immigrants , *SOVEREIGNTY , *COMMON heritage of mankind (International law) , *STATES (Political subdivisions) ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
The concept of nation-state sovereignty stands as one of the chief obstacles to the enactment of a "pathway to citizenship"for unauthorized migrants living as residents in the United States. This is so because those representing unauthorized immigrants as "invading aliens"and "criminal foreigners"gain significant political traction from their claim that these migrants have violated the "territorial sovereignty"of the United States. And those supporting a "pathway to citizenship"for unauthorized migrants rarely challenge this bedrock assumption. This paper critically analyzes the nation-state sovereignty obstacle to political membership for unauthorized migrants, and finds that there are multiple grounds on which to challenge the political legitimacy of this obstacle. Nevertheless, on grounds of political prudence, the paper suggests that directly challenging U.S. sovereignty in order to win support for the political inclusion of unauthorized migrants is not likely to gain much political support. At the same time, the paper suggests that this critical analysis provides some degree of support for the legitimation of the "pathway to citizenship"by undermining the assumed moral superiority of the exclusionary argument, and by lending support to the principle that relatively long-term de facto membership in the political community creates legitimate grounds for the inclusion of unauthorized immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
45. Immigration in American Economic History.
- Author
-
Abramitzky, Ran and Boustan, Leah
- Subjects
LITERATURE reviews ,SOCIAL integration ,ASSIMILATION (Sociology) ,RACE relations ,IMMIGRANTS ,LABOR market ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
The United States has long been perceived as a land of opportunity for immigrants. Yet, both in the past and today, US natives have expressed concern that immigrants fail to integrate into US society and lower wages for existing workers. This paper reviews the literatures on historical and contemporary migrant flows, yielding new insights on migrant selection, assimilation of immigrants into US economy and society, and the effect of immigration on the labor market. (JEL J11, J15, J24, J61, N31, N32) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Perceptions of Context and Immigrant Settlement Policy in the United States: Toward a Value-Critical Policy Analysis.
- Author
-
Schmidt Sr., Ronald
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRATION law , *SOCIAL context , *IMMIGRANTS ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This paper begins a project of a "value-critical" policy analysis of the U.S. approach to immigrant settlement policy. After describing this approach to policy analysis, the paper argues that the U.S. approach to immigrant settlement policy - described herein as punitive, assimilative, and laissez-faire - is based on an inaccurate and distorted understanding of the social and historical context within which international migration to the United States takes place. That false understanding is one in which the United States is understood to be a passive recipient of immigrants, bearing no causal role in the generation of immigrants. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
47. Immigrants and Racial Equality on the American Public Policy Agenda: Interpretations and Perspectives.
- Author
-
Schmidt Sr., Ron
- Subjects
- *
IMMIGRANTS , *POLICY sciences , *GOVERNMENT policy , *RACE relations ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This paper examines the impact of the large-scale post-1965 immigration on efforts to employ public policy to gain greater ethno-racial equality in the United States. The paper uses interpretive methods of political analysis to claim that recent immigrants have not been a major factor - though clearly they have been used rhetorically and politically - in the reversal of fortune for the "Second Reconstruction" in American politics since the late 1960s. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
48. The Violent Foundations of American expectations about Assimilation: National Projects versus Democratic Ones.
- Author
-
Arnold, Kathleen R.
- Subjects
- *
ASSIMILATION (Sociology) , *DEMOCRACY , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *SOCIAL norms ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This paper critiques assimilation norms in mainstream immigration literature, including literature that views itself as progressive, on 3 levels: the economic lens with which nearly every aspect of immigration to the U.S. is viewed; the primacy of the nation-state in all accounts that is obfuscated, thereby obscuring undemocratic aspects of assimilation norms; and finally the legal context of reception that shapes immigrants' experiences and which must be taken into account when assessing the "success" of the assimilation process. More broadly, the idea that assimilation norms are peaceful, mutual, consensual (and so on) is questioned and very briefly, the paper argues for post-national citizenship. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
49. Review: Where We Live Now: Immigration and Race in the United States, by John Iceland. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2009. 223pp. $19.95 paper. ISBN: 9780520257634.
- Author
-
Brown, Susan K.
- Subjects
UNITED States emigration & immigration ,NONFICTION - Abstract
The article reviews the book "Where We Live Now: Immigration and Race in the United States," by John Iceland.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The Different Movers in a Social Movement: Survey data from the May 1 immigration rallies in Los Angeles.
- Author
-
Dionne, Kim Yi, Suk-Young Chwe, Michael, DeWitt, Darin, Enos, Ryan, Stone, Michael, and Carlson, Elizabeth
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL movements , *EMIGRATION & immigration ,UNITED States emigration & immigration - Abstract
This paper studies participation in social movements using original survey data collected during the May 1 immigration reform rallies in Los Angeles, California in 2006. More than 500,000 people participated in the May 1 rallies in Los Angeles as part of a nationwide movement to bring attention to immigration reform following the passage of HR 4437 in the United States House of Representatives. Our paper describes the population that participated in this recent social movement. Using the survey responses of 876 demonstration participants at three different demonstration locations, we present regressions predicting first-time participation, demonstrating the characteristic differences between first-time and repeat protesters. We also use zip code data to make comparisons across subpopulations. The data reveal a few substantial findings. First, we find that even when there is substantial pre-protest debate on future outcomes dependent on the type of demonstration, events organized by different groups with different motivations can have participants that are quite similar to each other; in parallel to this finding, even events organized by the same group with the same motivation can have participants that are quite different from each other. Second, first-time protesters were more likely to respond to the survey in Spanish than repeat protesters. Finally, affinity with the protest message was the strongest predictor of participation in the May 1 marches, stronger than even costs of participating in a protest. Our findings point to a new mobilization of Spanish-speakers in the debate over immigration policy. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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