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This preliminary study developed the concept map tool "BR-Map" using learning logs on eBook viewer, and investigated the relationships between self-regulated learning (SRL) awareness, learning behaviors (usage of BR-Map, and one-minute paper and report submission), and learning performance. Psychometric data and learning logs were collected in the lecture course, and their relationships were analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis. The results indicated that awareness of intrinsic value, use of cognitive learning strategies, and self-regulation had significant correlations with the usage of BR-Map. The awareness of cognitive learning strategies had significant correlation with standard deviation of one-minute paper submission hours. With regard to relationships between the BR-Map usage and learning behaviors, the relationships between the usage of BR-Map and one-minute paper submissions, which was a regularly weekly assigned task, were found. [This research was partially supported by Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research and the Qdai-jump Research (QR) Program of Kyushu University. For the complete proceedings, see ED600498.]

Extensive reading and digital storytelling can utilise "the power of stories" effectively to enhance learners' receptive and productive skills. For the past five years, the author has been working on a classroom project combining these two activities, as a way of integrating Information and Communications Technology (ICT) into his reading-oriented English as a Foreign Language (EFL) courses. Each year the project has continually been updated and improved, reflecting the results and challenges from previous years. In this paper, the project implemented throughout the past two years (2014 and 2015) is reported on, particularly focusing on how the project improved regarding ways the story should be analysed and then how the digital stories should be created. It was found that the students were favourable to our new attempts--sing smartphones for digital storytelling and retelling a story from the viewpoint of two characters. On the other hand, the way individual work and group work should be balanced has room for improvement. [For the complete volume of short papers, see ED572005.]

Paper-based tools such as self-evaluation activities, learning plans, reflective journals and learning logs are commonplace for managing Self-Directed Language Learning (SDLL). Such tools not only promote ownership over learning and provide a sense of achievement to learners, but they also promote reflection and raise awareness of learning processes. Paper-based tools ("modules") for SDLL have been used successfully at a small university in Japan since 2003, but with the gradual introduction of student-owned iPads, the authors explore how technology tools have the potential to enhance the SDLL experience for learners. In this paper, the authors outline the rationale and process of adapting paper-based modules to create an iPad app. The paper then gives an overview of the research approaches that were chosen to systematically gather and analyse ongoing input from users. Finally, the authors share some of the preliminary findings from the pre-pilot and pilot phases of the project. [For full proceedings, see ED564162.]

In this paper, we present a system for visualizing learning logs of a course in progress together with predictions of learning activities of the following week and the final grades of students by state transition graphs. Data are collected from 236 students attending the course in progress and from 209 students attending the past course for prediction. From these data, the system constructs a state transition graph, where the prediction is based on the Markov property. We verify the performance of predictions by experiments in which the accuracy of prediction using the data of the course in progress and the one by 5-fold cross validation. [The research results have been achieved by "Research and Development on Fundamental and Utilization Technologies for Social Big Data" (178A03), the Commissioned Research of National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan. For the complete proceedings, see ED579395.]

In this paper, the development of a web application for self-access English vocabulary courses at a national university in Japan will be reported upon. Whilst the basic concepts are inherited from an old Flash-based online vocabulary learning system that had been long used at the university, the new HTML5-based app comes with several new features that are expected to assist students with effective vocabulary learning. Not only is it now made compatible with smartphones, it also enables students to visually check their own progress and their ranking in the class. According to the questionnaire survey conducted among its pilot users, almost 30% of them used the app on their smartphones. Overall, the users found the app beneficial--they especially liked features such as listening to word pronunciation, and checking their own ranking within the class. However, there is room for improvement regarding the usability of the app. [For the complete volume, see ED578177.]

The Center for English as a Lingua Franca (CELF), an initiative of a private university in Tokyo, was founded with serious consideration given to the pedagogical implications of the widespread use of English as a lingua franca (ELF). Such deliberation is not yet prevalent among academics and practitioners who should be most affected by ELF (Seidlhofer, 2011). Most ELF users have different first languages and do not usually interact with speakers of English as a first language, but rather with other ELF users. The transformation occurring in English as it is being used as a lingua franca need not be viewed as unusual but can be seen as part of the process of language evolution (Seidlhofer, 2011). In this paper we consider the implications of this process for teaching and learning in Japan, report on research in progress, and discuss how an ELF perspective may influence current pedagogical practices. [This paper was published in: P. Clements, A. Krause, & H. Brown (Eds.), "JALT2014 Conference Proceedings." p378-385. Tokyo: JALT.]

In Japan, like most English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, students have few opportunities to use English in daily life, and this limits their ability to develop their language skills. To address this, many teachers provide homework tasks and guide students towards autonomous learning. In an effort to do the latter, a private Facebook group was created for students at a women's university in Tokyo. Through the group, the teacher aimed to provide out-of-class opportunities for English communication; facilitate access to English-language resources; motivate students to study/use English; and create a learning community that had student leaders. This article draws on a small-scale questionnaire, participant interviews, and activity within the Facebook group to examine the extent to which these goals were achieved. [For the complete volume of short papers, see ED572005.]

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a hybrid apprenticeship model in the context of university level English education in Japan. The focus is on freshman perceptions and attitudes toward their English learning. For this study, seniors were asked to create brief videos in English sharing study strategies, helpful student life tips, and advice regarding study abroad programs. The study examined (1) the improvement of the freshmen's smartphone video assignments before and after they viewed the seniors' videos discussed above, and (2) pre- and post-questionnaires with four Likert-scale items and one open question. These results show that the apprenticeship videos can not only serve as modeling but also foster scaffolding outside of the classroom. [For the complete volume of short papers, see ED572005.]

"Digital Native" and "Digital Immigrant" are terms, popularized by Prensky (2001), to describe those born either before, or in the digital era (i.e. after 1980). In recent years, this dichotomy has been used to raise awareness of differences in technology usage and what these differences may mean for education. The present study examines Japanese university teacher and student use of digital technology in academic settings, as well as their preferences for digital or paper-based educational practices. At a private university in Japan, 337 first-year university students and 170 full-time faculty responded to tailored questionnaires addressing digital technology use. Both questionnaires focused on four areas: technology use, self-efficacy, familiarity, and learning/teaching style preferences. The results showed that there are clear differences in technology use between teachers and students, with teachers using computers more than students. Self-efficacy of students was much lower than teachers, and there were distinct differences in the familiarity with software and web pages between the two groups, with students being much more comfortable with websites and teachers being more familiar with software. Learning/teaching styles of both groups were similar, with a bias towards teacher-centered and paper-based educational practices. These findings suggest that there is a mismatch between institutional goals and the beliefs and practices of both teachers and students regarding the role of technology in the curriculum. [For the full proceedings, see ED562107.]

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2019, organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, aims ultimately to benefit society. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. InPACT 2019 received 322 submissions, from more than 35 different countries from all over the world, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. 107 submissions (overall, 33% acceptance rate) were accepted for presentation in the conference. The conference also included: (1) One keynote presentation by Prof. Dr. Glenys Parry (PhD, CPsychol, FBPsS, Emeritus Professor, School of Health & Related Research, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom). (2) Two Special Talks, one by Prof. Dr. Michael Wang (Emeritus Professor of Clinical Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom), and the other by Prof. Dr. Luís Delgado (Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities and Inclusion (APPsyCI) -- University Institute, Portugal). We would like to express our gratitude to all our invitees. The Conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. The conference program includes six main broad-ranging categories that cover diversified interest areas: (1) Clinical Psychology: Emotions and related psychological processes; Assessment; Psychotherapy and counseling; Addictive behaviors; Eating disorders; Personality disorders; Quality of life and mental health; Communication within relationships; Services of mental health; and Psychopathology. (2) Educational Psychology: Language and cognitive processes; School environment and childhood disorders; Parenting and parenting related processes; Learning and technology; Psychology in schools; Intelligence and creativity; Motivation in classroom; Perspectives on teaching; Assessment and evaluation; and Individual differences in learning. (3) Social Psychology: Cross-cultural dimensions of mental disorders; Employment issues and training; Organizational psychology; Psychology in politics and international issues; Social factors in adolescence and its development; Social anxiety and self-esteem; Immigration and social policy; Self-efficacy and identity development; Parenting and social support; Addiction and stigmatization; and Psychological and social impact of virtual networks. (4) Legal Psychology: Violence and trauma; Mass-media and aggression; Intra-familial violence; Juvenile delinquency; Aggressive behavior in childhood; Internet offending; Working with crime perpetrators; Forensic psychology; Violent risk assessment; and Law enforcement and stress. (5) Cognitive and Experimental Psychology: Perception, memory and attention; Decision making and problem-solving; Concept formation, reasoning and judgment; Language processing; Learning skills and education; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer analogies and information processing (Artificial Intelligence and computer simulations); Social and cultural factors in the cognitive approach; Experimental methods, research and statistics; and Biopsychology. (6) Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy: Psychoanalysis and psychology; The unconscious; The Oedipus complex; Psychoanalysis of children; Pathological mourning; Addictive personalities; Borderline organizations; Narcissistic personalities; Anxiety and phobias; Psychosis; Neuropsychoanalysis. This book contains the results of the different researches conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to study and develop research in areas related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters that are hereby sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. We would like to thank all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, and of course, to the organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. [These proceedings were published by InScience Press. Abstract modified to meet ERIC guidelines. For the 2018 proceedings, see ED604953.]

The aim of the 2018 International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA) conference was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agent systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aims to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. Main tracks have been identified. However innovative contributions that do not easily fit into these areas will also be considered as long as they are directly related to the overall theme of the conference -- cognition and exploratory learning in the digital age. The CELDA 2018 Conference received 85 submissions from more than 31 countries. Each submission was reviewed in a double-blind review process by at least two independent reviewers to ensure quality and maintain high standards. Out of the papers submitted, 37 were accepted as full papers, 20 were accepted as short papers, and 5 were accepted as reflection papers. In addition to the presentation of full, short and reflection papers, the conference also includes one keynote presentation from internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Tobias Ley, Professor for Learning Analytics and Educational Innovation, Head of the Center of Excellence in Educational Innovation, Tallinn University, Estonia. Individual papers contain figures, tables, and references. An author index is provided.

The paper presents a meaningful discovery learning environment called "cache-cache comparison" for a personalized learning support system. The processing of seeking hidden relations or concepts in "cache-cache comparison" is intended to encourage learners to actively locate new knowledge in their knowledge framework and check the logical consistency of their ideas for clearing up misunderstandings. This active engagement is also expected to prevent a) the emergence of cognitive overload and b) the decreasing of the curiosity and willingness to explore as in the meaning reception learning environment. [For the full proceedings, see ED562093.]

Many studies on intercultural communication introduced how their collaborative projects were conducted. There are also several studies that discuss how intercultural collaborative activities can be integrated into a foreign language curriculum, as well as a big project (the INTENT project) that helps teachers integrate collaborative activities into their language curricula. Nonetheless, intercultural collaborative projects have not yet been mainstreamed for various reasons, such as insufficient pedagogical support from their institutions and a lack of interest in getting involved in projects among colleagues. We need to continuously examine and develop activities that can be relatively easily integrated into language curricula and that are appealing to more teachers to get involved in collaborative projects. Starting in the fall of 2013, we have been conducting a three-year experimental Facebook video project with learners of English in Japan and those of Japanese in the US. This paper will provide a brief overview of the Facebook collaboration projects and present the outcomes. [For full proceedings, see ED564162.]

Technological development offers language teachers a myriad of options for collaborative activities. Learners, in turn, benefit from increased opportunities to interact with people who can speak their target language. Research has previously highlighted the importance of developing learners' intercultural competence through such activities. The researchers implemented verbal and non-verbal activities in an intercultural collaboration project for learners of English in Japan and learners of Japanese in the U.S. This paper will detail the project activities and provide a comprehensive summary of the results, especially as they pertain to interaction with native speakers of the target language to develop verbal and non-verbal communication skills. [For full proceedings, see ED564162.]

E-learning has become a crucial component of most tertiary institution's education initiatives (Park, Lee, & Cheong, 2007) and core to most e-learning strategies is the institution's Content Management System (CMS). A CMS has the potential to enhance language courses by facilitating engagement with class content, providing students with opportunities to communicate, promoting student confidence during virtual interactions, fostering deeper connections between teachers and peers, and creating more personalized learning activities. However, getting faculty to use a CMS proves to be challenging (Black et al., 2007). As part of a study by the authors to learn how they might encourage teachers in a campus-wide English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) program to adopt a CMS, this paper reports on results from a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) analysis (Alharbi & Drew, 2014). [For full proceedings, see ED564162.]

This paper tackles enhancing outside-class learning of JSL (Japanese as a Second Language) learners. The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of our developed learning log system called SCROLL (System for Capturing and Reminding of Learning Log) in terms of boosting up outside-class learning time of JSL learners in Japan. In our evaluation, there was a statistically significant increase of outside-class learning time during the phase with SCROLL. However the number of uploading words did not contribute to boosting up outside-class learning time but it seemed taking quizzes that contributed to the increase. The questionnaire survey shows that no advanced learners gave positive comments about SCROLL, while there was only one negative comment from the beginners. It implies that the system might more fit beginner learners. [For the full proceedings, see ED562096.]

A longitudinal study conducted from April 2013 to January 2014 sought to ascertain whether a blended learning (BL) environment incorporating m-learning could help Japanese undergraduates improve their English language skills. In this paper, various emerging technologies (including Globalvoice English, ATR CALL Brix, the mobile learning-oriented TOEIC Practice Kit, Course Power), as well as online materials (MOOCs, TED Talks, top 10 most popular educational web tools) will be demonstrated. The study focuses on examining the use of emerging e-learning and m-learning technologies and activities, ranging from speech recognition to web-based learning both in and out of the classroom, in order to determine their effectiveness in improving the English proficiency of non-native learners. Pre- and post-training TOEIC scores revealed that the BL activities had a positive effect on the students' overall English proficiency. [For full proceedings, see ED565087.]

Digital portfolios can provide a space where evidence of a learner's competency is stored and digital badges can be used in their portfolios as valid indicators of accomplishment, skill, knowledge, or interest. The authors issued "digital badges" to our students who successfully completed the modules of a Medical English Terminology course we developed on Moodle by using its badge function. The badges which students earned for the course were designed to function as a validated indicator of students' achievements to demonstrate to their teachers. We anticipated that the use of badges would not only help the learners confirm their achievements for the course but also help motivate them toward further autonomous study. Through a reflective questionnaire about the use of badges, about 77.5% of the students found the badge assessment system comprehensible and the great majority of students (87.2%) were satisfied with their study through this course. The questionnaire results also showed that 67.6% of the students found the use of badges helpful in confirming their course achievements and 63.7% of them found that earning badges helped motivate them toward further autonomous study. These findings indicate that while there is still room for improvement, the use of digital badges has the potential to provide students with opportunities to celebrate their achievements and enhance their learner autonomy for online self-study courses. [For the complete proceedings, see ED579282.]

Skill in reading comprehension requires reading sentences to understand an intention embedded between the lines. In the case of narrative, it is particularly necessary to read a narrative and find essential concepts such as emotions of the characters embedded between the lines for comprehending an intention of the narrative. In this work, we focus on reading between the lines and to require learners to compose a narrative map including a concept (called interlinear concept) between the lines, which is related to the narrative intention. We also demonstrate a tablet tool, which allows learners to compose a narrative map including interlinear concept from narrative. This tool presents pseudo-haptic feedback when learners operate the nodes and links representing the interlinear concept and narrative intention on the map. The results of a case study suggest that the pseudo-haptic feedback could enhance awareness of the interlinear concept and narrative intention. [For the complete proceedings, see ED579395.]

The purpose of this study was to explore how a Digital StoryTelling (DST) assignment affected and changed students' motivations for learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in comparison with a StoryTelling (ST) assignment. A course entitled "Information English" was held for Japanese university students at a faculty of information and communications in the fall term of 2014. The study goal of the course was to acquire skills and knowledge to present ideas and messages effectively with the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and English. Students conducted ST tasks in the class as a midterm assignment, then created digital stories and peer-reviewed them as a final assignment. The impact of the DST assignment on students' motivations was analyzed by means of midterm and post-assessment questionnaires based on Keller's ARCS model (four categories of which are attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) and compared to data collected for the ST assignment. The findings showed that most students were more motivated for learning with the DST assignment than the ST assignment. [For the complete volume, see ED578177.]

In recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in Augmented Reality (AR) technologies, especially in educational settings to edutain (i.e. educate and entertain) students and engage them in their learning. This study reports the results of the use of an AR application called BlippAR to augment poster carousel tasks in a blended English course offered at Osaka University. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a usage experience questionnaire, an open-ended feedback form, and observations. The implemented AR application is described, and the overall positive user experience is reported, along with displaying a sample of collaborative student-generated AR posters. The rewards and challenges of having students design AR content are also discussed. [For the complete volume, see ED578177.]

Japanese lesson study has attracted many international educators who have been impressed by its capacity to foster student learning and sustained professional growth of teachers. This paper reports a study on its cultural orientations that may explain why lesson study works seamlessly in Japan. Hofstede's dimensions of national culture are utilised to identify and analyse cultural orientations that support key practices in Japanese lesson study and raise some questions about a simple transference model to other cultures.

The purpose of this paper was to explore high-school (grades 10-12) technology teachers' attitudes toward nuclear energy and their implications to technology education. A questionnaire was developed to solicit 323 high-school technology teachers' responses in June 2013 and 132 (or 41%) valid questionnaires returned. Consequently, the following five conclusions can be made: (1) Most high-school technology teachers in Taiwan are keen on news about Japan's Fukushima nuclear disaster, (2) The majority of high-school technology teachers oppose more nuclear power plants in Taiwan, are now "less supportive" of expanding nuclear power plants in Taiwan after Japan's Fukushima nuclear disaster, oppose to extend the operating lifespan of the operating nuclear power plants in Taiwan, and oppose the construction of a new nuclear reactor within 80 kilometers of their homes, (3) The majority of technology teachers in Taiwan are now more supportive than they were before Japan's Fukushima nuclear disaster of using clean renewable energy resources--such as wind and solar--and increased energy efficiency as an alternative to more nuclear power in Taiwan, and support a termination or moratorium on new nuclear power plant construction in Taiwan if increased energy efficiency and off the shelf renewable technologies such as wind and solar could meet our energy demands for the near term, (4) Nearly a half of high-school technology teachers in Taiwan do not know the evacuation route and what other steps to take in the event of the nearest nuclear power plant emergency, and (5) The majority of high-school technology teachers in Taiwan includes nuclear energy in their technology courses, and will enrich nuclear energy in their technology courses. An appendix presents the contingency table of Chi-square analyses.

This study investigated the change of listeners' responses of Japanese learners of English over a semester of presentation training sessions. We were also concerned with the relationship between speaking ability and perceived use of listeners' responses. In this paper, the listeners' responses we focused on were: acknowledging signals, repetition of the teacher's utterances, and asking questions to the teacher. Therefore, the research questions were: (1) how did the learners' perceived use of listener's responses change over time?, and (2) what is the relationship between speaking ability and listeners' responses? The participants were 21 Japanese university students whose majors were in Economics. During the semester, the participants experienced five videoconferencing sessions in total. Each English teacher in charge of a group of three Japanese learners listened to three presentations during a 50-minute session. Speaking ability was assessed through an interview test following the format of STEP Eiken test for Japanese learners of English. To obtain the data of the listeners' responses, a questionnaire was provided after each session, asking how much they could actually put into practice from the three types of responses. The results indicated that as for RQ (1), three learners' responses changed to some extent over the sessions. Concerning RQ (2), there was only a significant relationship between speaking ability and repetition of the teacher's utterance. From these results it can be said that videoconferencing interaction, particularly after presentation, provided opportunities for the learners to increase output and interaction, which boosts their L2 performance development. [For full proceedings, see ED565044.]

Mobile (m)-learning is motivating to learners to improve foreign language skills, as it offers them a rich, informal, contextual, and ubiquitous learning environment. In this paper I report on the results of two empirical studies that focused on two projects, both of which incorporated e-learning and m-learning, to determine if a blended-learning environment could improve the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) (Educational Testing Service, 2011) and presentation skills of native Japanese undergraduate students. The goal of the first study was to examine the effectiveness of blended and mobile learning activities on the students' English language proficiency and oral communication skills. The second study focused skills. The second study focused on the use of an on-line TOEIC training kit. The results revealed that the students' communication skills improved as a result of the on-line activities. Questionnaires administered at the end of each study indicated the students were satisfied with the online Coursera lectures and motivated by the blended-learning environment incorporating m-learning. [For full proceedings, see ED565044.]

These proceedings contain the papers of the 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2016), October 28-30, 2016, which has been organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), co-organized by the University of Mannheim, Germany, and endorsed by the Japanese Society for Information and Systems in Education (JSISE). The CELDA conference aims to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. These proceedings contain the following keynote lectures: (1) From Digital to Double Blended Learning (Jeroen J. G. van Merrienboer); and (2) Open Educational Resources: Educational Technology as a Driver for Educational Reform? (Michael Kerres). Full papers in these proceedings include: (1) A Service-Learning Project Using Crowdfunding Strategy: Students' Experience and Reflection (Jessnor Elmy Mat-jizat and Khalizul Khalid); (2) Towards a Theory-Based Design Framework for an Effective E-Learning Computer Programming Course (Ian S. McGowan); (3) An Ontology for Learning Services on the Shop Floor (Carsten Ullrich); (4) The Impact of Technology Integration upon Collegiate Pedagogy from the Lens of Multiple Disciplines (Joan Ann Swanson); (5) A Learning Support System Regarding Motion Trigger for Repetitive Motion Having an Operating Instrument (Hiroshi Toyooka, Kenji Matsuura, and Naka Gotoda); (6) Task-Based Assessment of Students' Computational Thinking Skills Developed through Visual Programming or Tangible Coding Environments (Takam Djambong and Viktor Freiman); (7) Framework for Intelligent Teaching and Training Systems--A Study of the Systems (Nikolaj Troels Graf von Malotky and Alke Martens); (8) Mobile Device Usage in Higher Education (Jan Delcker, Andrea Honal, and Dirk Ifenthaler); (9) Features Students Really Expect from Learning Analytics (Clara Schumacher and Dirk Ifenthaler); (10) Music Technology Competencies for Education: A Proposal for a Pedagogical Architecture for Distance Learning (Fátima Weber Rosas, Leticia Rocha Machado, and Patricia Alejandra Behar); (11) Increasing Students' Science Writing Skills through a PBL Simulation (Scott W. Brown, Kimberly A. Lawless, Christopher Rhoads, Sarah D. Newton, and Lisa Lynn); (12) The Effect of Choosing versus Receiving Feedback on College Students' Performance (Maria Cutumisu and Daniel L. Schwartz); (13) The Impact of Middle-School Students' Feedback Choices and Performance on Their Feedback Memory (Maria Cutumisu and Daniel L. Schwartz); (14) Numerical Acuity Enhancement in Kindergarten: How Much Does Material Presentation Form Mean? (Maria Lidia Mascia, Maria Chiara Fastame, Mirian Agus, Daniela Lucangeli, and Maria Pietronilla Penna); (15) A Video Game for Learning Brain Evolution: A Resource or a Strategy? (Luisa Fernanda Barbosa Gomez, Maria Cristina Bohorquez Sotelo, Naydu Shirley Roja Higuera, and Brigitte Julieth Rodriguez Mendoza); (16) Communication Vulnerability in the Digital Age: A Missed Concern in Constructivism (Fusa Katada); (17) Online Learners' Navigational Patterns Based on Data Mining in Terms of Learning Achievement (Sinan Keskin, Muhittin Sahin, Adem Ozgur, and Halil Yurdugul); (18) Amazed by Making: How Do Teachers Describe Their PBL Experience (Dalit Levy and Olga Dor); (19) Group Work and the Impact, If Any, of the Use of Google Applications for Education (Jannat Maqbool); (20) Fractangi: A Tangible Learning Environment for Learning about Fractions with an Interactive Number Line (Magda Mpiladeri, George Palaigeorgiou, and Charalampos Lemonidis); (21) Evaluation of Learning Unit Design with Use of Page Flip Information Analysis (Izumi Horikoshi, Masato Noguchi, and Yasuhisa Tamura); (22) Einstein's Riddle as a Tool for Profiling Students (Vildan Özeke and Gökhan Akçapinar); (23) Exploring Students' E-Learning Effectiveness through the Use of Line Chat Application (Tassaneenart Limsuthiwanpoom, Penjira Kanthawongs, Penjuree Kanthawongs, and Sasithorn Suwandee); (24) Factors Affecting Perceived Satisfaction with Facebook in Education (Penjuree Kanthawongs, Penjira Kanthawongs, and Chaisak Chitcharoen); (25) Interactive Video, Tablets and Self-Paced Learning in the Classroom: Preservice Teachers' Perceptions (Anthia Papadopoulou and George Palaigeorgiou); (26) Cognitive Design for Learning: Cognition and Emotion in the Design Process (Joachim Hasebrook); (27) Investigating the Potential of the Flipped Classroom Model in K-12 Mathematics Teaching and Learning (Maria Katsa, Stylianos Sergis, and Demetrios G. Sampson; (28) Learning Analytics to Understand Cultural Impacts on Technology Enhanced Learning (Jenna Mittelmeier, Dirk Tempelaar, Bart Rienties, and Quan Nguyen); (29) Widening and Deepening Questions in Web-Based Investigative Learning (Akihiro Kashihara and Naoto Akiyama); (30) Year 9 Student Voices Negotiating Digital Tools and Self-Regulated Learning Strategies in a Bilingual Managed Learning Environment (Ulla Freihofner, Simone Smala, and Chris Campbell); (31) Purposeful Exploratory Learning with Video Using Analysis Categories (Meg Colasante); (32) Building a Learning Experience: What Do Learners' Online Interaction Data Imply (Mehmet Kokoç and Arif Altun); (33) Rules for Adaptive Learning and Assistance on the Shop Floor (Carsten Ullrich); and (34) Participation and Achievement in Enterprise MOOCs for Professional Learning (Florian Schwerer and Marc Egloffstein). Short papers included in these proceedings include: (1) Connectivist Communication Networks (Ingolf Waßmann, Robin Nicolay, and Alke Martens); (2) Learning and Skills Development in a Virtual Class of Educommunications Based on Educational Proposals and Interactions (Maria Cristina Bohorquez Sotelo, Brigitte Julieth Rodriguez Mendoza, Sandra Milena Vega, Naydu Shirley Roja Higuera, and Luisa Fernanda Barbosa Gomez); (3) The Relationship among ICT Skills, Traditional Reading Skills and Online Reading Ability (I-Fang Liu and Hwa-Wei Ko); (4) Towards Concept Understanding Relying on Conceptualisation in Constructivist Learning (Farshad Badie); (5) E-Learning in Chemistry Education: Self-Regulated Learning in a Virtual Classroom (Rachel Rosanne Eidelman and Yael Shwartz); (6) Relationship of Mobile Learning Readiness to Teacher Proficiency in Classroom Technology Integration (Rhonda Christensen and Gerald Knezek); (7) Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and Internet Residency: Implications for Both Personal Life and Teaching/Learning (Linda Crearie); (8) A Portfolio for Optimal Collaboration of Human and Cyber Physical Production Systems in Problem-Solving (Fazel Ansari and Ulrich Seidenberg); (9) Innovative Collaborative Learning Strategies for Integrated Interactive E-Learning in the 21st Century (Barbara Son); (10) Educational Criteria for Evaluating Simple Class Diagrams Made by Novices for Conceptual Modeling (Mizue Kayama, Shinpei Ogata, David K. Asano, and Masami Hashimoto); (11) Digital Natives and Digital Divide: Analysing Perspective for Emerging Pedagogy (Uriel U. Onye and Yunfei Du); (12) E-Learning System Using Segmentation-Based MR Technique for Learning Circuit Construction (Atsushi Takemura); (13) Students' Google Drive Intended Usage: A Case Study of Mathematics Courses in Bangkok University (Krisawan Prasertsith, Penjira Kanthawongs, and Tan Limpachote); (14) An Empirical Study on the Impact of Self-Regulation and Compulsivity towards Smartphone Addition of University Students (Penjira Kanthawongs, Felicito Angeles Jabutay, Ruangrit Upalanala, and Penjuree Kanthawongs); (15) Adaptive Game Based Learning Using Brain Measures for Attention--Some Explorations (Jelke van der Pal, Christopher Roos, Ghanshaam Sewnath, and Christian Rosheuvel); (16) Evaluation of the Course of the Flight Simulators from the Perspective of Students and University Teachers (Feyzi Kaysi, Bünyamin Bavli and Aysun Gürol); (17) Development of Critical Thinking with Metacognitive Regulation (Yasushi Gotoh); (18) Enacting STEM Education for Digital Age Learners: The "Maker" Movement Goes to School (Dale S. Niederhauser and Lynne Schrum); (19) New Scenarios for Audience Response Systems in University Lectures (Daniel Schön, Stephan Kopf, Melanie Klinger, and Benjamin Guthier); (20) Academic Retention: Results from a Study in an Italian University College (Maria Lidia Mascia, Mirian Agus, Maria Assunta Zanetti, Eliano Pessa, and Maria Pietronilla Penna); and (21) Learning How to Write an Academic Text: The Effect of Instructional Method and Reflection on Text Quality. Reflection papers in these proceedings include: (1) Teachers' Attitude towards ICT Use in Secondary Schools: A Scale Development Study (Mehmet Kemal Aydin, Ali Semerci, and Mehmet Gürol); and (2) Inventing the Invented for STEM Understanding (Alicia Stansell, Tandra Tyler-Wood, and Christina Stansell). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references.

Based on the Nursing Learning Support System, which was developed and tested by our university, this study developed the "Digital Nursing Dictionary (ver. 2)," a terminal tablet with a new function of an electronic books, by taking advantage of the developed ICT. This paper describes an interim report of the results of those assessments. [For complete proceedings, see ED562096.]

This study, which targeted students in Japanese universities, used a written questionnaire to examine student response behavior when their smartphones received a call or message during university lectures. Phone and message transmissions were taken as the transmission media and six types of caller/sender were set. Survey results showed differences in response behavior depending on the identity of the caller/sender. Additionally, the results showed a tendency for students to respond more to text messages during lectures. [For the full proceedings, see ED571335.]

The purpose of this report is to compare the effects of "telecollaborative classes" between students in Japan and those in Asian-Pacific countries such as Taiwan, Thailand, and the United States (Hawaii). The telecollaborative classes are part of the Asian-Pacific Exchange Collaboration (APEC) project, a 4-year project involving students in elementary school through junior and senior high school (age range, 10-18 years). All Japanese students have been studying English since the age of 10. The focus of the present research is on awareness of English learning and communication among Japanese students before and after video chat sessions. The results suggest that telecollaborative classes improve student awareness and motivation toward English learning and communication. This is the first report of the telecollaborative APEC project. [For the complete volume, see ED571330.]

This study makes a comparison between what literature on Japanese Lesson Study suggests are key elements of a good mathematics lesson and what junior high school mathematics teachers in Japan value in planning their lessons. The teachers' strong consensus in their endorsements of these key elements explains why Japanese teachers strongly support and engage meaningfully in Lesson Study and sheds light on the tensions that may form when introducing Lesson Study to teachers outside Japan who may value these key elements differently.

The purpose of this study is to use the Analytic Hierarchy Process in order to identify how frequency of media use in daily life affects decision-making in media choice. 276 university students took part in this research, They were asked to prioritize their ways of obtaining information about current affairs using sets of media such as TV, books, newspapers, webpages, Twitter and Facebook. Multiple regression analysis showed a clear relationship between frequency of media use in daily life and decision-making in media choice. It was suggested that frequency of media use in daily life affects decision- making in media choice. For example, even in aspects where it would be appropriate to obtain information from books, the high web using group tends to select the web. Information about these students' tendencies is useful as metacognitive knowledge. [This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 24501179. For the complete proceedings, see ED557311.]

This study investigated the perceived use of conversation maintenance strategies during synchronous computer-mediated communication with native English speakers. I also correlated the relationships of the strategies used with students' speaking ability and comprehensive proficiency level. The research questions were: (1) how were the learners' perceived use of conversation maintenance strategies related with one another?; and (2) what were the relationships of those strategies with learner's speaking ability and English proficiency? During the semester, the participants participated in five synchronous computer-mediated communication sessions in total. Each of the teachers listened to three presentations during each 50 minutes session. During one period, the teacher interacted with the learners, especially after each presentation, asking questions and giving some comments. Significant correlations were found between keeping eye contact and asking questions to the teacher, between keeping eye contact and taking action/showing attitude to continue conversation, and between keeping eye contact and readiness to help peers. It was also found that asking questions to the teacher and readiness to help peers were strongly correlated. These results seemed to mean that keeping eye-contact was a crucial conversation maintenance strategy in videoconferencing synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC). [For full proceedings, see ED565087.]

Our research project focuses on learning strategies and motivation among academic procrastinators in computer assisted language learning (CALL) settings. In this study, we aim to compare them according to students' levels of English proficiency. One hundred and fourteen university students participated in this research project. Sixty-four students determined to be procrastinators were the focus of this research, and we analyzed their learning strategies and motivation based on their English proficiency (i.e. TOEIC-IP scores). The students were categorized into four groups: under-300s (n = 17), 400s (n = 22), 500s (n = 21), and over-600 (n = 4). The learning strategies and motivation of the students were collected with a researcher-created 5-point Likert questionnaire consisting of 33 items. The group differences were discriminately analyzed for each item of the questionnaire. The results showed that students who think that the amount to be learned is too large and those who tire easily may ultimately have inefficient and ineffective learning results. The research findings should be significant for teachers and researchers attempting to discriminate between active and passive procrastinators in order to predict their performance and match them with suitable learning supports. [For full proceedings, see ED565087.]

In this study, the researchers examined how 64 university students engaged in self-directed group learning and used a self-developed e-portfolio system. A sixweek event was held where the students made entries to the e-portfolio individually each week, received feedback from advisors, studied in groups on a voluntary basis, and reflected on their group learning as a team. The data was collected from various sources including the pre- and post-TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication) or TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) test scores, group learning reflection sheets, a questionnaire, and follow-up interviews with two participants. Significant score improvements were observed in the TOEIC test results. Although the number of submitted reflection sheets did not correlate with the increase in the students' test scores, the data suggests that group learning and reflection had strengthened students' learning motivation. Moreover, mutual support from group members encouraged the participants to continue studying. Though scheduling remained the major obstacle to the collaborative process, by adding group learning to individual learning and record keeping in the e-portfolio, the students found English learning enjoyable and useful as they were able to identify gaps in their knowledge previously overlooked. This article ends with the areas to be considered for future projects. [For full proceedings, see ED565087.]

The spread of SNS has changed communications between people to a great extent. For them it is a place their hearts can rely on and where they can hang out, a place for self-approval, for self-expression and a place where the other person listens to their dissatisfaction and discontent. At the beginning people are interested in knowing what everyone is doing, so they check SNS every day. However, they feel gradually tired. Immediate response syndrome refers to the feeling of having to check SNS sites and being is a state of psychological imbalance. Some have a loss of self-esteem in the SNS communication. So I analyzed the relationship of social media use and the self-esteem. As a results, the high self-efficacy group prefers both Facebook and LINE while the low self-efficacy group tends to use Twitter. [For full proceedings, see ED571459.]