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2. The Role of Music in the Education of Young Male Workers in Nineteenth-Century Greece: The Case of Charity Institutions
- Author
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Barbaki, Maria
- Abstract
This paper presents music teaching in nineteenth-century Greece orphanages and schools of destitute children, which were the main schools for vocational training of the working class in that period. Five representative institutions were selected. Music education for young male workers in nineteenth-century Greece was both in accord with and satisfied basic aims of popular education, such as to shape the students' character and to provide the necessary qualifications, through vocational training that would allow low social strata to make a living. The aforementioned aims of people's education, which prevailed throughout Europe and was supported by an extended network of philanthropy, are described thoroughly. The aim of this paper is to show that the important role of music in the nineteenth-century Greece charitable institutions constitutes a Western European influence and is an aspect of the effort to Europeanise the Greek education system, which began to take a shape when the Greek state was established towards the end of the 1820s.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Proceedings of the Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (30th, Prague, Czech Republic, July 16-21, 2006). Volume 5
- Author
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International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education., Novotna, Jarmila, Moraova, Hana, Kratka, Magdalena, and Stehlikova, Nad'a
- Abstract
This document contains the fifth volume of the proceedings of the 30th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Mathematics at the Centre." This volume features 59 research reports by presenters with last names beginning between Sac and Zaz: (1) Bryan's Story: Classroom Miscommunication about General Symbolic Notation and the Emergence of a Conjecture during a CAS-Based Algebra Activity (Ana Isabel Sacristan and Carolyn Kieran); (2) A Teacher's Method to Introduce Story-Problems: Student-Generated Problems (Adalira Saenz-Ludlow); (3) "There's More than Meets the Eye": Analysing Verbal Protocols, Gazes and Sketches on External Mathematical Representations (Jonathan P. San Diego, James Aczel, Barbara Hodgson, and Eileen Scanlon); (4) Notions of Variability in Chance Settings (Ernesto Sanchez and Miguel Mercado Martinez); (5) Elementary Preservice Teacher Learning Levels (Victoria Sanchez and Miguel Mercado Martinez); (6) Mathematics Achievement: Sex Differences vs. Gender Differences (Dora Santos, Sonia Ursini, Martha Patricia Ramirez, and Gabriel Sanchez); (7) Self Assessment and Appropriation of Assessment Criteria (Leonor Santos and Anabela Gomes); (8) Drawing as Problem-Solving: Young Children's Mathematical Reasoning through Pictures (Carole Saundry and Cynthia Nicol); (9) The Role of the Teacher in Turning Claims to Arguments (Baruch Schwarz, Rina Hershkowitz, and Shirly Azmon); (10) Learning Mathematics for Teaching (Nanette Seago and Lynn Goldsmith); (11) Coherence of Mathematics Lessons in Japanese Eighth-Grade Classrooms (Yasuhiro Sekiguchi); (12) Triangle Property Relationships: Making the Connections (Penelope Serow); (13) Access to Mathematics versus Access to the Language of Power (Mamokgethi Setati); (14) Compartmentalization of Representation in Tasks Related to Addition and Subtraction Using the Number Line (Myria Shiakalli and Athanasios Gagatsis); (15)The Derivation of a Learning Assessment Framework for Multiplicative Thinking (Dianne Siemon, John Izard, Margarita Breed, and Jo Virgona); (16) Sources of Students' Frustration in Bridging Mathematics Courses (Anna Sierpinska); (17) What Makes a Good Problem? An Aesthetic Lens (Nathalie Sinclair and Sandra Crespo); (18) Discovering a Rule and Its Mathematical Justification in Modeling Activities Using Spreadsheet (Hong-chan Son and Hee-chan Lew); (19) Investigating Preservice Teachers' Understanding and Strategies on a Student's Errors of Reflective Symmetry (Ji-Won Son); (20) Exploring the Role Played by the Remainder in the Solution of Division Problems (Alina Galvao Spinillo and Sintria Labres Lautert); (21) Incomplete or Incorrect Understanding of Decimals: An Important Deficit for Student Nurses (Vicki Steinle and Robyn Pierce); (22) Proportional Reasoning: Variable Influencing the Problems Difficulty Level and One's Use of Problem Solving Strategies (Olof Bjorg Steinthorsdottir); (23) The Impact of the Intuitive Rule "If A Then B, If Not A Then Not B" in Perimeter and Area Tasks (Lambros Stephanou and Demetra Pitta-Pantazi); (24) Process-Object Difficulties in Linear Algebra: Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors (Sepideh Stewart and Michael O. J. Thomas); (25) Conceptual Changes as Dialectical Transformation (Nadia Stoyanova Kennedy); (26) Content Knowledge for Mathematics Teaching: The Case of Reasoning and Proving (Andreas J. Stylianides and Gabriel J. Stylianides); (27) "Making Proof Central to Pre-High School Mathematics Is an Appropriate Instructional Goal": Provable, Refutable, or Undecidable Proposition? (Gabriel J. Stylianides and Andreas J. Stylianides); (28) Power and Poverty--Whose, Where, and Why?: School Mathematics, Context and the Social Construction of "Disadvantage" (Dalene M. Swanson); (29) Documenting Learning in School-Based Mathematics Communities of Teachers (Paola Sztajn); (30) Research and Teaching--Can One Person Do Both? A Case Study (MichalTabach); (31) Computer "Knowledge" and Student's Images of Figures: The Case of Dragging (Varda Talmon and Michal Yerushalmy); (32) Graphics Calculators for Mathematics Learning in Singapore and Victoria (Australia): Teachers' Views (Hazel Tan and Helen J. Forgasz); (33) Vague Language in Greek and English Mathematical Talk: A Variation Study in Face-Work (Konstantinos Tatsis and Tim Rowland); (34) Teachers Using Computers in Mathematics: A Longitudinal Study (Michael O. J. Thomas); (35) Analysing Classroom Interactions Using Critical Discourse Analysis (Steve Thornton and Noemi Reynolds); (36) Pre-Service and In-Service Mathematics Teachers' Concept Images of Radian (Tahsin Topcu, Mahmut Kertil, Hatice Akkoc, Kamil Yilmaz, and Osman Onder); (37) Adaptive Expertise in the Number Domain 20-100 (Joke Torbeyns, Lien Vanderveken, Lieven Verschaffel, and Pol Ghesquiere); (38) Mathematical Activity in a Technological Workplace: Results from an Ethnographic Study (Chrissavgi Triantafillou and Despina Potari); (39) Pupils' Over-Use of Proportionality on Missing-Value Problems: How Numbers May Change Solutions (Wim Van Dooren, Dirk De Bock, Marleen Evers, and Lieven Verschaffel); (40) Arithmetical Procedures in the Solution of a Problem Involving Velocity (Veronica Vargas and Jose Guzman); (41) Introducing Algebraic Thinking to 13 Year-Old Students: The Case of the Inequality (Petros Verikios and Vassiliki Farmaki); (42) Why Is a Discontinuous Function Differentiable? (Antti Viholainen); (43) Overgeneralization of Linear Models: Presence and Characteristics among University Students (Monica Villareal, Cristina Esteley, and Humberto Alagia); (44) Educational Design Research in Mozambique: Starting Mathematics from Authentic Resources (Pauline Vos, Tiago G. Devesse, and Assane Rassul); (45) "The Big Test": A School Community Experiences Standardized Mathematics Assessment (Fiona Walls); (46) Numeracy Reform in New Zealand: Factors that Influence Classroom Enactment (Margaret Walshaw and Glenda Anthony); (47) An Investigation of Factors Influencing Teachers' Scoring Student Responses to Mathematics Constructed-Response Assessment Tasks (Ning Wang and Jinfa Cai); (48) Teacher Actions that Assist Young Students to Write Generalizations in Words and in Symbols (Elizabeth Warren); (49) Promoting Pre-Service Teachers' Understanding of Decimal Notation and Its Teaching (Wanty Widjaja and Kaye Stacey); (50) Impetus to Explore: Approaching Operational Deficiency Optimistically (Gaye Williams); (51) Generating and Evaluating Geometry Conjectures with Self-Directed Experiments (Chao-Jung Wu, Wing-Kwong Wong, Ying-Hao Cheng, and Yunn-Wen Lien); (52) The Distributions of van Hiele Levels of Geometric Thinking among 1st and 6th Graders (Der-bang Wu and Hsiu-Ian Ma); (53) Elementary Teacher Education and Teacher Efficacy toward Mathematics and Science (Su-Chiao Wu and Yu Liang Chang); (54) Spatial Rotation and Perspective Taking Abilities in Relation to Performance in Reflective Symmetry Tasks (Xenia Xistouri and Demetra Pitta-Pantazi); (55) Elementary Teachers' Mathematics Beliefs and Teaching Practices after a Curriculum Reform (Shirley M. Yates); (56) Inquiry Activities in a Classroom: Extra-Logical Processes of Illumination vs. Logical Process of Deductive and Inductive Reasoning. A Case Study (Oleksiy Yevdokimov); (57) Developments of a Child's Fraction Concepts with the Help of Psychological Tools: A Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Perspective (Kaori Yoshida); (58) A Teacher's Treatment of Examples as Reflection of Her Knowledge-Base (Orit Zaslavsky, Guershon Harel, and Alfred Manaster); and (59) Cognitive Conflict and its Resolution via Pivotal/Bridging Example (Rina Zazkis and Egan Chernoff). (Individual papers contain references.)
- Published
- 2006
4. The Human Right to Water--Market Allocations and Subsistence in a World of Scarcity
- Author
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McAdam, Kevin C.
- Abstract
More than one billion people do not have access to an adequate water supply. In Gambia and Haiti, people live on less than 4 liters of water per day. By contrast, most toilets in the West use several times that amount of water for a single flush. The global distribution of water is making it increasingly difficult for poor people to access it, and movements to commodify water and privatize the industries that provide it exacerbate this situation, trapping the poorest in a cycle of water poverty. Much research has been done on the problem of water scarcity. However, the link between scarcity and water as a human right is rarely articulated, even the current index of the website of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights has no entry for water. This paper proposes a human right to water. It then considers the consequent obligations the right to water imposes on those who control water resources, such as governments, water corporations, and international lending institutions. (Contains 75 notes.)
- Published
- 2005
5. Hardening the EU core-periphery lines, 2009–2019: Dependency, neoliberalism, welfare reformation and poverty in Greece.
- Author
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Missos, Vlassis, Domenikos, Charalampos, and Pontis, Nikos
- Subjects
- *
REFORMATION , *INCOME inequality , *POVERTY , *NEOLIBERALISM , *ECONOMIC policy , *WELFARE state , *DIVISION of labor - Abstract
• The paper engages with the devastating consequences that the belated neoliberal reformation of the Greek welfare state – initiated after the 2009 economic crisis – had on income inequality and poverty. • It is argued that these reformations rely on the manner with which Greece has developed its relations within the global – mostly European – capitalist division of labor as a peripheral economy. Greece's economic affairs are approached as intimately conditioned by a multifaceted institutional structure of dependencies that outstrips its ability to exercise economic policy for its own interest. • Essentially built upon premises of a core-periphery dependency paradigm, the paper takes the view that since the onset of the 2008 global crisis, the EU anti-labor agenda is extended to country-members – such as Greece – which were long regarded as being poorly integrated or "lagged behind". The large-scale reformation of the Greek welfare state is exemplified and a novel interpretation of estimating the country's poverty level with attention paid to the ineffectiveness of the implemented reforms, is offered. • New estimation methods show the failure of neoliberal welfare policy in assisting even the most vulnerable members of the population, a process known as "targeting". This last part is further supported by genuine evidence drawn from several waves of microdata surveys (see Section 6) illustrating the uneven relation between Greece and the EU. • Three different measures of poverty and efficiency are presented based on original analyses of the official datasets, showing the extent of the overall income loss and the widening gap between Greece and the EU. The paper holds a critical view on EU austerity policies, with particular emphasis given to Greece. It is maintained that the main causes for the implementation of neoliberal reforms should be examined in the manner with which the Greek economy has developed in relation with the European capitalist division of labor as a peripheral economy. Greece is approached as intimately conditioned by a multifaceted institutional structure of dependencies that outstrips the country's ability to exercise economic policy for its own social interests. Essentially built upon the premises of a core-periphery dependency paradigm, the periodic post-war reconfigurations of the EU architectural design offered enough room to the formation of a stricter policy framework along these lines. By developing a set of differentiated indices on European poverty, the devastating consequences of the belated neoliberal reformation of the country's welfare state are highlighted. All calculations are based on microdata sets of EUSILC surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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6. Gender and Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities.
- Author
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Senja, Oksana
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,POVERTY ,AGRICULTURAL industries ,DEMOCRACY - Abstract
Women are more vulnerable than men to climate change. According to the literature, this vulnerability is the result of pre-existing gender inequalities, social marginalization, less access to education and knowledge, poverty, insecure land rights, heavy reliance on agriculture and lack of mobility. This paper focuses on rural women's vulnerability to climate change, through three case studies, and also on the empowerment and the involvement of them in the policy-making processes in order to combat the climate crisis. Women should participate and contribute with their knowledge and their life experience, which is a result of particular strengths, perspectives and priorities. The empowerment of these women is vital for successfully combating the impacts of climate change and for the mitigation and adaptation efforts to thrive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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7. Social workers: a new precariat? Precarity conditions of mental health social workers working in the non-profit sector in Greece.
- Author
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Pentaraki, Maria and Dionysopoulou, Konstantina
- Subjects
INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,MENTAL health services ,NONPROFIT organizations ,RECESSIONS ,STATISTICAL sampling ,PSYCHOLOGY of social workers ,QUALITATIVE research ,PILOT projects ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Traditionally, in western countries, the social work profession primarily has come into contact with issues of precarity through the lives of service users. This paper introduces precarity in the social work scholarly literature as a feature of social workers' professional and personal lives. It draws from the findings of a qualitative small study of mental health social workers working in the non-profit sector in Greece. The findings reflect a picture of social workers experiencing precarious conditions as they have become part of the growing phenomenon of the working poor, surviving by loans, experiencing housing insecurity, reproductive insecurity, fuel poverty and unable to pay for their commuting expenses to and from work. Furthermore, the paper maintains that the expansion of the conditions of precarity to university-educated professionals, such as social workers, needs to be understood within an International Political Economy (IPE) perspective in order neoliberal capitalism which brings rising levels of inequalities to become a focus of intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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8. Predicting energy poverty in Greece through statistical data analysis.
- Author
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Kalfountzou, Elpida, Papada, Lefkothea, Damigos, Dimitris, and Degiannakis, Stavros
- Subjects
STATISTICAL energy analysis ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,STATISTICS ,DATA analysis ,POVERTY ,CHI-squared test - Abstract
A comprehensive statistical analysis of energy poverty indicators is undertaken in the present paper, in an attempt to further understand the roots and results of the problem in Greece. Specifically, time-series data sets were analysed using various objective indicators, i.e. 10%, 2M, 2M EXP, M/2, M/2 EXP, as well as subjective indicators. Chi-square tests of Independence were performed and binary logistic regression models were developed to predict energy poverty (indicators of 10%, 2M and M/2), based on critical socio-economic factors. The logit model based on the 10% indicator presented the highest performance, reaching 32%. According to this model, the types of households mostly exposed to energy poverty were single families with dependent children and households located in Macedonia, increasing the relative probability of energy poverty by 7.0 and 6.5 times per unit, respectively. The outcomes derived can help policy-makers towards designing more targeted policies for tackling energy poverty in Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. Energy poverty signs in mountainous Greek areas: the case of Agrafa.
- Author
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Karani, Ioanna, Papada, Lefkothea, and Kaliampakos, Dimitris
- Subjects
POVERTY ,CHI-squared test ,REGRESSION analysis ,ENERGY policy ,CITIES & towns - Abstract
The paper studied the phenomenon of energy poverty in the Municipality of Agrafa, a mountainous region of Greece, aiming to enhance knowledge on the phenomenon within mountainous areas. For this purpose, a primary survey was undertaken, and various objective and subjective indicators were monitored. It was found that 62.4% of households in Agrafa are classified as energy poor according to the 10% index based on actual energy costs, while the percentage escalates to 91.3% based on required costs. Also, the compression of energy needs emerges as a significant side of the problem. The subjective indicators highlight supplementary behavioural aspects of the phenomenon. A set of statistical tests was applied, i.e. cluster analysis, Chi-square tests of independence and regression analysis, enriching the outcomes of the research. Finally, the directions of energy policy are evaluated, highlighting the need for targeted research and policy measures adapted to mountainous areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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10. The distributional impact of recurrent immovable property taxation in Greece.
- Author
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ANDRIOPOULOU, EIRINI, KANAVITSA, ELENI, LEVENTI, CHRYSA, and TSAKLOGLOU, PANOS
- Subjects
PROPERTY tax ,PUBLIC spending ,PUBLIC finance ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
During the last decade, Greece faced one of the most severe debt crises among developed countries, leading to Economic Adjustment Programs in order to avoid a disorderly default. Public expenditure was cut, tax rates were increased and new taxes were introduced, aiming at restoring public finances. Prominent among the latter were recurrent property taxes that had played a very minor role before the crisis. These taxes helped to boost public revenues but were hugely unpopular. The paper examines in detail their distributional impact and finds that they led to increases in inequality and (relative) poverty. The result is stronger in the case of inequality indices that are relatively more sensitive to changes close to the bottom of the distribution and poverty indices that are sensitive to the distribution of income among the poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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11. Evolutions in Consumption Inequality and Poverty in Greece: The Impact of the Crisis and Austerity Policies.
- Author
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Kaplanoglou, Georgia and Rapanos, Vassilis T.
- Subjects
CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,POVERTY ,AUSTERITY ,INDIRECT taxation ,EQUALITY ,POOR children ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Greece is the country hit hardest by the crisis and subsequent fiscal consolidation strategies, suffering a cumulative output loss of about 30 percent since 2008. The present paper presents evidence that along with declining average living standards, consumption inequality has seriously grown, fueled primarily by a disproportionate drop in the consumption levels of what can be considered the middle class. Although poverty has not significantly risen in relative terms, it climbs to around 45 percent once the poverty threshold is anchored to pre‐crisis levels. Furthermore, significant indirect tax hikes have further increased inequality in consumption expenditure. The paper also shows that several reforms launched in the name of reducing labor costs, broadening the tax base or rationalizing the targeting of social benefits have had detrimental effects on one of the most vulnerable population groups, namely families with children, thus implying that the social consequences of the crisis will be long‐lasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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12. Institute of Family Studies Newsletter; No. 10, August 1984.
- Author
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Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne (Australia). and Michie, Meredith
- Abstract
This newsletter's first article is the director's report "Double Standards in Australian Family Policy" by Don Edgar. It asks for government support for families in the form of programs and funding, not just rhetoric. The next article, "IFS Research", also by Don Edgar, details the past, current and future research of the Institute of Family Studies. Short articles by researchers in the Institute follow: "Remarriage Data" (Christine Kilmartin); "IFS Study of the Economic Consequences of Marriage Breakdown: Progress Report" (Peter McDonald); "Family (Law?) Centres" (Don Edgar); "Adolescence and the Family" (Gay Ochiltree); "Video Vignettes on Stepfamily Dynamics" (Ilene Wolcott); "Social Statistics: A Comment" (Peter McDonald); "Social Psychology and the Family: A Report on the Annual General Meeting of the Australia Social Psychologists" (Paul Amato); "Dependent Spouse Rebates and Their Incidence" (Kerry Lovering); "Changes for Women in Greece" (Liz Sharman); and "Changes in European Family Law: England and West Germany" (Margaret Harrison). Short Features include book reviews and articles about: (1) changes in Institute staff; (2) titles recently published by IFS; (3) the Australian Family Studies Database (AFAM), which includes bibliographic informaton about publications on families and family life in Australia; (4) the Work and Family Information Centre in New York City; and (5) conferences and workshops held in fall 1984 in Melbourne. (CB)
- Published
- 1984
13. Investigating the impact of the economic crisis on children's wellbeing in four European countries.
- Author
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D'Agostino A, Gagliardi F, Giusti C, and Potsi A
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, France, Greece, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Male, United Kingdom, Child Welfare statistics & numerical data, Economic Recession statistics & numerical data, Poverty statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
This paper analyses the impact of the economic crisis on children's wellbeing from a comparative European perspective using a multidimensional and fuzzy methodology. Comparisons of children's wellbeing based solely on monetary resources are likely to give a partial picture, because wellbeing can be related to different capabilities and the economic crisis impacted them differently. The use of several indicators captures the multidimensional and interrelated nature of wellbeing as experienced by children and can give a comprehensive view of the threats of future generations. A propensity score method is used to compare children's capabilities distributions and to assess the impact of the economic crisis on the net change between 2009 and 2014 using EU-SILC data for four European countries. Results show that the economic crisis had a wide range of consequences for children's wellbeing: a disparity is observed across the four countries in preserving the same level of wellbeing after the economic crisis., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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14. 'It's difficult to be a social worker these days': implications of austerity for social work practice in Greece – the case of the 'Help at Home' program.
- Author
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Antoniadou, Maria and Karagkounis, Vassilis
- Subjects
CULTURE ,FAMILIES ,INTELLECT ,INTERVIEWING ,LOCAL government ,RESEARCH methodology ,PRACTICAL politics ,POVERTY ,SOCIAL services ,PSYCHOLOGY of social workers ,EMPLOYEES' workload ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,SOCIAL support ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,THEMATIC analysis ,AT-risk people ,SOCIAL worker attitudes - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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15. The Role of Single Motherhood in America's High Child Poverty.
- Author
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Brady, David, Baker, Regina S., and Finnigan, Ryan
- Subjects
POVERTY reduction ,PUNISHMENT -- History ,RISK assessment ,SINGLE women ,AFRICAN Americans ,INCOME ,HISPANIC Americans ,PROBABILITY theory ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,FAMILIES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,WHITE people ,SIMULATION methods in education ,RACISM ,RACE ,RESEARCH bias ,PUNISHMENT ,MOTHERHOOD ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,POVERTY ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Many claim a high prevalence of single motherhood plays a significant role in America's high child poverty. Using the Luxembourg Income Study, we compare the "prevalences and penalties" for child poverty across 30 rich democracies and within the United States over time (1979–2019). Several descriptive patterns contradict the importance of single motherhood. The U.S. prevalence of single motherhood is cross-nationally moderate and typical and is historically stable. Also, child poverty and the prevalence of single motherhood have trended in opposite directions in recent decades in the United States. More important than the prevalence of single motherhood, the United States stands out for having the highest penalty across 30 rich democracies. Counterfactual simulations demonstrate that reducing single motherhood would not substantially reduce child poverty. Even if there was zero single motherhood, (1) the United States would not change from having the fourth-highest child poverty rate, (2) the 41-year trend in child poverty would be very similar, and (3) the extreme racial inequalities in child poverty would not decline. Rather than the prevalence of single motherhood, the high penalty for single motherhood and extremely high Black and Latino child poverty rates, which exist regardless of single motherhood, are far more important to America's high child poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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16. Southern European welfare states and homelessness: Portugal and Greece.
- Author
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Kourachanis, Nikos
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT policy -- Law & legislation ,ENDOWMENTS ,HEALTH planning ,HOMELESSNESS ,POLICY sciences ,PRACTICAL politics ,POVERTY ,PUBLIC housing ,PUBLIC welfare ,SOCIAL integration ,SOCIAL security ,GOVERNMENT aid ,GOVERNMENT programs ,SOCIAL support ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,PLANNING techniques - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to compare homelessness policies in Portugal and Greece. Design/methodology/approach: After a brief overview of the relationship between welfare regimes and homelessness, the characteristics of homelessness policies within the South-European regime are studied. Subsequently, by employing empirical data, a comparison between the homelessness policies of these two countries is attempted through three axes of analysis: the historical emergence of homelessness policies; the impact of the memoranda, as a series of fiscal measures associated with welfare retrenchment, on the deterioration of homelessness; and the characteristics of the social policies being developed. Findings: It is noted that the two countries consolidate a residual social intervention model that fails to address homelessness adequately. Originality/value: This is the first attempt to compare homelessness policies between Portugal and Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The migration experience of Greece and the impact of the economic crisis on its migrant and native populations.
- Author
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Cavounidis, Jennifer
- Subjects
CITIZENSHIP ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HEALTH status indicators ,MENTAL health ,PHYSICAL fitness ,POVERTY ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,NOMADS ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Background This paper provides the socio-economic context of the MIGHEAL study, the results of which are presented in this special issue. The aim of the MIGHEAL study was to compare the physical and mental health of the native and migrant populations of Greece in the wake of the economic crisis that commenced in 2008. Methods The background of the migrant population of Greece is described, drawing on population censuses of Greece and data on residence permits held by foreigners. Then the migrant and native populations are compared with respect to several socio-economic outcomes, using Eurostat data on unemployment and the risk of poverty. Results The settled migrant population of Greece is largely of Central and Eastern European origin, resulting from the massive migrant inflowsthat started at the beginning of the 1990s after the collapse of socialist regimes in the area. Before the economic crisis, migrant unemployment was lower than that of natives, but after its onset, the unemployment of migrants surpassed that of natives. Prior to the crisis, migrants were already subject to greater risk of poverty than natives, but the gap widened considerably subsequent to the crisis. Conclusion The Greek institutional framework has restricted access to citizenship for both first- and second-generation migrants while conditions for permit renewal are onerous, rendering citizenship an important factor differentiating socio-economic outcomes. The different outcomes observed among the native and migrant populations after the onset of the Greek economic crisis create concerns regarding health inequalities between the two populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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18. Food Insecurity in Greece and across the Globe: A Narrative Literature Review.
- Author
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Fotakis, Emmanouil Alexandros, Kontele, Ioanna, Tzoutzou, Milia, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., Arvanitaki, Eirini, Sergentanis, Theodoros N., Kotrokois, Konstantinos, Kornarou, Eleni, and Vassilakou, Tonia
- Subjects
FOOD security ,LITERATURE reviews ,FOOD supply ,COVID-19 pandemic ,WELL-being - Abstract
Food insecurity comprises a major global public health threat, as its effects are detrimental to the mental, physical, and social aspects of the health and well-being of those experiencing it. We performed a narrative literature review on the magnitude of global food insecurity with a special emphasis on Greece and analyzed the major factors driving food insecurity, taking into consideration also the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. An electronic search of international literature was conducted in three databases. More than 900 million people worldwide experience severe food insecurity, with future projections showing increasing trends. Within Europe, Eastern and Southern European countries display the highest food insecurity prevalence rates, with Greece reporting a prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity ranging between 6.6% and 8% for the period 2019–2022. Climate change, war, armed conflicts and economic crises are major underlying drivers of food insecurity. Amidst these drivers, the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on food insecurity levels around the globe, through halting economic growth, disrupting food supply chains and increasing unemployment and poverty. Tackling food insecurity through addressing its key drivers is essential to any progress towards succeeding the Sustainable Development Goal of "Zero Hunger". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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19. Chasing mosquitoes: An exploration of the relationship between economic growth, poverty and the elimination of malaria in Southern Europe in the 20th century.
- Author
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Bowden, Sue, Michailidou, Domna Maria, and Pereira, Alvaro
- Subjects
POVERTY ,MALARIA ,LABOR supply ,AGRICULTURE ,TOURISM - Abstract
This paper explores how the elimination of malaria could provide an escape from poverty with reference to the timing of the decline in malaria and its implications in terms of the labour force, the implications for the agricultural sector and the growth of the tourist industry in Portugal, Spain, Greece and Italy in the first half of the twentieth century. The paper finds that whilst the control of malaria did have an economic effect, the escape from poverty was encouraged but not explained by malaria elimination. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Mending Nets in the South: Anti-poverty Policies in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
- Author
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Matsaganis, Manos, Ferrera, Maurizio, Capucha, Luís, and Moreno, Luis
- Subjects
INCOME maintenance programs ,POVERTY ,CITIES & towns ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The marginal role of social assistance and the absence of minimum income programmes have long been thought to constitute defining characteristics of the southern European model of welfare. Nevertheless, over the 1990s significant innovations in this field have taken place. The paper aims to contribute to the analysis of recent developments by critically examining the experience of anti-poverty policies in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain. It is argued that the “patchiness” of safety nets in southern Europe is due to a unique set of constraints, the most relevant of which are the role of families and the “softness” of state institutions. A review of national profiles reveals that new policies introduced in all four countries mark progress towards redressing some of the historical imbalances of that welfare model. In particular, fully fledged minimum income schemes now operate in Portugal and in certain Spanish regions, while an experiment involving a number of Italian municipalities is still in progress. In spite of this, the paper concludes that social safety nets in southern Europe remain frail in terms of institutional design as well as political support and legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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21. Social work in Greece in the time of austerity: challenges and prospects.
- Author
-
Karagkounis, Vassilis
- Subjects
BUDGET ,ECONOMICS ,PRACTICAL politics ,POVERTY ,SOCIAL services ,SOCIAL workers ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
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22. Understanding Energy Poverty among the Elderly: Insights from a Household Survey in Greece.
- Author
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Sardianou, Eleni
- Subjects
SOCIAL impact ,HOUSEHOLD surveys ,OLDER people ,POVERTY ,ECONOMIC impact ,FRAIL elderly ,OLDER patients - Abstract
Understanding the determinants of energy poverty among the elderly is crucial for shaping energy policies with significant economic and social implications. This research provides valuable insights into the factors influencing energy poverty among the elderly in Greece. To achieve the study's objectives, household survey data from 3651 elderly individuals for the year 2022 were utilized. The empirical findings, based on statistical and econometric analysis, affirm the influence of socioeconomic factors on the ability of the elderly to meet their energy needs and address energy poverty challenges. The analysis suggests that both household size and work-related pensions positively impact their ability to address their heating requirements. Elderly individuals with a higher level of education are less likely to experience energy poverty. Additionally, it is found that as perceived health status declines, elderly individuals are more likely to encounter difficulties in covering utility payments. These results underscore the importance of tailoring strategies to promote the adoption of energy poverty measures that cater to diverse demographic and income groups. This information is vital for ensuring that the elderly can afford to maintain a comfortable living environment without sacrificing other essential needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Listening to children: gaining a perspective of the experiences of poverty and social exclusion from children and young people of single-parent families.
- Author
-
Walker J, Crawford K, and Taylor F
- Subjects
- Child, Cyprus, England, Greece, Humans, Poverty, Single Parent, Social Isolation
- Abstract
This paper reports on the experiences and views of children and young people of single-parent families, as findings from a European Union-funded research project undertaken in England, Greece and Cyprus. The objectives of the research project were to investigate how children and young people of single-parent families understand and experience their worlds as members of these families: whether and to what extent they experience poverty and social exclusion and how they cope with the challenges that this confronts them with. Methodology was replicated in each of the countries; however, this paper draws on the English experiences. Semistructured interviews (40) and focus groups (four) were undertaken with children of single parents. In addition, focus groups were undertaken with children of two-parent families (four), focus groups with single parents, focus groups with two-parent families (four) and individual interviews with key professionals. Detailed discussion guides were followed, with open-ended questions to allow participants to express their feelings and ideas in their own words. The research sample included children from single-parent and two-parent families, aged 6 years to 16 years, balanced in terms of age, gender and geographical location. Findings demonstrate the children's and young people's understanding of the impact of poverty and social exclusion on their family life and their everyday experiences. The positive benefits of being in a single-parent family are highlighted, with 'time poverty' raised as a significant issue. Children and young people are aware of their poverty and how it influences exclusion from friendships, play, leisure and community activities. Policy needs to take account of the systematic reality of children's experiences; alliances with adults that support meaningful involvement and participation by children and young people will make a significant contribution to this.
- Published
- 2008
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24. Improving poverty reduction in Europe: What works best where?
- Author
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Leventi, Chrysa, Sutherland, Holly, and Tasseva, Iva Valentinova
- Subjects
POVERTY reduction ,BUDGET ,CHILD welfare ,INCOME ,UNEMPLOYMENT insurance ,MATHEMATICAL models ,POLICY sciences ,PUBLIC welfare ,RESEARCH funding ,TAXATION ,THEORY ,GOVERNMENT policy ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
This article examines how income poverty is affected by changes to the scale of tax-benefit policies and which are the most cost-effective policies in reducing poverty or limiting its increase in seven diverse EU countries. We do that by measuring the implications of increasing/reducing the scale of each policy instrument, using microsimulation methods while holding constant the policy design and national context. We consider commonly applied policy instruments with a direct effect on household income: child benefits, social assistance, income tax lower thresholds and a benchmark case of rescaling the whole tax-benefit system. We find that the assessment of the most cost-effective instrument may depend on the measure of poverty used and the direction and scale of the change. Nevertheless, our results indicate that the options that reduce poverty most cost-effectively in most countries are increasing child benefits and social assistance, while reducing the former is a particularly poverty-increasing way of making budgetary cuts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Exploring the persistence and transience of energy poverty: evidence from a Greek household survey.
- Author
-
Halkos, George and Kostakis, Ioannis
- Subjects
HOUSEHOLD surveys ,PROBIT analysis ,RURAL poor ,POVERTY ,PANEL analysis ,INCOME - Abstract
The present study uses four rounds of household panel data to investigate consensual-based energy poverty in Greece. Employing dynamic Probit random effects and Wooldridge conditional maximum likelihood (WCML) estimators, we find evidence of genuine state dependence effects in consensual-based energy poverty among Greek households. Poverty persistence (10-12%) effects are also evident in our data. Socioeconomic, demographic, market, household, and climatic characteristics are essential predictors of energy poverty. Around 9–10% of the households seem chronically energy poor, while education, income level, dwelling characteristics, migration background, and employment status affect the chances of suffering and exiting from energy poverty. Empirical results have significant policy implications that could mitigate residential energy poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Social Protection of Unemployment in Greece: Optimal Active and Passive Policies in the European Area.
- Author
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Poulimenakou, Georgia, Kourakos, Michael, Mitsi, Alexandra, and Soulis, Sotiris
- Subjects
UNEMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMICS ,FAMILIES ,PUBLIC welfare ,SOCIAL networks ,SOCIAL security ,SURVEYS ,GOVERNMENT policy ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,AT-risk people - Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate whether the social protection system in Greece is able to meet the needs of a family with unemployed members and how the family is being reshaped in order to overcome the difficulties of unemployment acting as a safety net. The current study has been conducted with a view to determine the effectiveness of the social protection system in Greece. This study sketches the current situation of unemployment in Greece. The financial crisis has hit the Greek active labor population with high unemployment and the Greek family uses as a support mechanism the retention of young people who suffer from long-term unemployment and extensive job search for women when they cohabitate with discouraged males. In addition, social protection in Greece is not well equipped to face the current socio-economic crisis. So, the family in Greece is called to replenish the void left by social policy programs providing assistance to the unemployed and its dependent members. As a result, it has been determined that the reconstruction of the social protection system is considered necessary taking into account the financial crisis, the demographic aging, the long-term unemployment, the household over-indebtedness and poverty. Priority groups should be the long-term unemployed in order to eliminate as much as possible the poverty and the unemployed young people with high qualifications in order to prevent migratory phenomena. Also, active inclusion programs should not be limited to the economic stimulation of the unemployed but should aim to the reintegration into the labor market and social action with training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
27. Fuel poverty in Greece: Quantitative analysis and implications for policy.
- Author
-
Atsalis, A., Mirasgedis, S., Tourkolias, C., and Diakoulaki, D.
- Subjects
- *
FUEL costs , *POVERTY , *HOUSEHOLDS , *RECESSIONS -- Forecasting , *QUANTITATIVE research - Abstract
This paper aims at implementing appropriate methodological approaches for a preliminary assessment of fuel poverty in Greece and analyzing in quantitative terms the potential impact of fuel poverty on public health. As regards the assessment of fuel poverty in Greece, both subjective and objective approaches have been implemented, utilizing primary data from existing surveys undertaken by National Statistical Authority, while the health impacts attributed to fuel poverty were quantified through statistical analysis. The implementation of objective approaches showed that around 20–25% of Greek households were in fuel poverty in 2013, while with subjective measures this percentage reaches to 29.5%, twice as in 2010. Furthermore, the regression models developed showed that the increased levels of fuel poverty observed after 2010 have had significant negative impacts on public health. Specifically, 1–2.7% of deaths recorded annually in Greece as well as the 2.7–7.4% of cardiovascular diseases and the 3.1–8.5% of respiratory infections treated by the Greek hospitals are attributed to fuel poverty. Taking into consideration that more than 60% of Greek households do not have adequate insulation, the development of ambitious energy saving programs for residential buildings could build synergies between climate change mitigation and fuel poverty alleviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Assessing Fossil Fuels and Renewables' Impact on Energy Poverty Conditions in Europe.
- Author
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Halkos, George and Gkampoura, Eleni-Christina
- Subjects
RENEWABLE energy sources ,RENEWABLE energy transition (Government policy) ,ENERGY consumption ,POWER resources ,POVERTY ,FOSSIL fuels - Abstract
The disadvantages of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment have made the transition to renewable energy sources essential to cover our energy needs. However, different energy resources have a different impact on energy poverty conditions in the world, an issue that is important to examine and properly address. This study examines the impact that fossil fuels final energy consumption in households per capita and renewables and biofuels final energy consumption in households per capita have on energy poverty conditions in Europe, using panel data from 28 European countries for the time period 2004–2019 and static and dynamic regression models, while also performing various econometric tests. The findings indicate that GDP per capita and fossil fuels are linked to an inverse relationship to energy poverty conditions. Renewables and biofuels are also linked to an inverse relationship to the inability to keep homes adequately warm and the presence of leaks, damp, or rot in the dwelling, but they could be considered a driver of arrears on utility bills. In addition, a comparative analysis between Sweden, Germany, and Greece and their conditions on energy poverty and energy transition was conducted, highlighting the differences existing between the three European countries. The findings of the research can be useful for governments and policy makers to develop strategies that promote energy transition while protecting energy consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Living in poverty, living with poverty: the community workers' conceptions on child poverty in Greece.
- Author
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Tsironis, Christos N. and Almpani, Chrysa
- Subjects
POOR children ,SOCIAL services ,POOR people ,DEVELOPMENTAL psychology ,POVERTY - Abstract
The recent debt crisis in Greece severely affected the Welfare State, as well as the overall social policy of the country. Families facing severe material deprivation and depending on the local soup kitchens have grown rapidly in number over the past decade. In drawing upon the given risks, this paper explores the church community workers' and volunteers' conceptions of poor children's living conditions. It is worth noting that the volunteers reflect on the situation of the poor beneficiaries as they often are at risk of poverty themselves. The analysis is based on a mixed methods study (Quan–Qual) that was conducted in 2016–2017, and which covered the area of Thessaloniki (northern Greece) with a special focus on the neighborhoods suffering the most from the impacts of recession. The results show how the children living in "new poor" households experience the degradation of their well-being, as perceived by the volunteers, and what the main social services are they are receiving through the church family support. According to our findings, the pressure of the economic crisis broke the traditional welfare networks and left children vulnerable to risks in terms of their cultural, social, biological and psychological development. Furthermore, the results reveal how traditional family support is reaching its limits as the economic crisis gets more complex and prolonged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. On Measuring the Impact of Internal Devaluation in Greece: Poverty, Flexibility, Migration and Growthless Employment.
- Author
-
Missos, Vlassis, Rodousakis, Nikolaos, and Soklis, George
- Subjects
ECONOMIC impact ,POVERTY rate ,SOCIAL impact ,DISPOSABLE income ,EMPLOYMENT ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,POVERTY - Abstract
This article takes a critical view on austerity policy and examines its social and economic consequences for the case of Greece. By introducing the concept of "growthless employment" it demonstrates that the implementation of internal devaluation policies had a substantial impact on the Greek society that needs to be addressed. Within a decade, household disposable income was reduced to an unprecedented level while the labour market was extensively deregulated as several indicators can display. The seemingly paradoxical case of employment without growth—hence, growthless employment—can be interpreted as the consequence of the intensity of the mix of austerity policies that was imposed as "one-size-fits-all" without taking the peculiar structure of the Greek economy into account. A descriptive examination of this idiosyncratic state of affairs is offered, providing new insights on how the level of depreciation can be better assessed. It is argued that the overall severity of the crisis is better captured by the level of disposable income whereas a modified measurement of poverty and income depreciation is introduced for the same purpose. Lastly it is maintained that Greece has suffered by an enormous outflow of its productive-aged population in the aftermath of the crisis. All the above concretise the idea of growthless employment in Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Needs as the determinant of absolute poverty: estimating the cost of nutrition, clothing and footwear, and transportation in Greece.
- Author
-
Labrinidis, George, Maniatis, Thanasis, Oikonomou, Aris, and Papadopoulou, Marianna
- Subjects
POVERTY ,NUTRITION ,FOOTWEAR ,TRANSPORTATION - Abstract
This paper aims at showing that the approach of defining and measuring absolute poverty on the basis of 'basic and social needs' is feasible. The categories of nutrition, clothing and footwear, and transportation are examined under this light, a basket of use values is formed and subsequently it is priced to provide three corresponding sub-indexes for those constituents of the threshold of absolute poverty for Greece in 2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. ELIMINATING EXTREME POVERTY IN GREECE.
- Author
-
Matsaganis, Manos, Papadopoulos, Fotis, and Tsakloglou, Panos
- Subjects
POVERTY ,INCOME inequality ,WELFARE economics - Abstract
The poverty-reducing impact of social transfers is weaker in Greece than in other EU countries, primarily due to the absence of a minimum social safety net. The paper examines the extent and structure of extreme poverty in Greece and attempts to assess the likely effects of the introduction of a minimum income scheme, under alternative scenarios about the extent of non-take up by eligible households as well as leakages to ineligible ones. Our results indicate that such a scheme could lead to an almost complete eradication of extreme poverty and a considerable decline in aggregate inequality at a moderate cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
33. Energy poverty in the mountainous town of Metsovo, Greece.
- Author
-
Balaskas, Anastasios, Papada, Lefkothea, Katsoulakos, Nikolas, Damigos, Dimitris, and Kaliampakos, Dimitris
- Subjects
SOCIAL impact ,ENERGY policy ,POVERTY ,CITIES & towns ,ENERGY consumption - Abstract
In an attempt to enhance knowledge on the energy poverty phenomenon in mountainous areas, a primary social survey was conducted in a typical mountainous town of Greece, Metsovo in the Region of Epirus. The survey recorded quantitative data of energy expenses and incomes of households and it also captured qualitative indicators related to energy poverty. The findings showed that nine out of ten households in Metsovo are exposed to energy poverty, based on the objective 10% index. The subjective indicators revealed other interesting aspects of the problem. Over one-third of the local population live in houses that are inadequately heated and/or present damp problems. Almost two-thirds of the local population have been forced to restrict other basic needs, in order to respond to high energy costs. Studying the relationships between variables of the survey also revealed some notable issues. Households inadequately heated present statistical significant correlation with the heating system used. The inadequately heated houses are also correlated with houses that presented damp-mould problems, as well as households that report arrears in energy bills. Moreover, reduction in hours of heating system operation is correlated with health problems. Current energy policy in Greece does not include specific strategies for mountainous areas, apart from some differentiations in heating oil subsidies. The great extent of energy poverty in mountainous Greece, highlighted by the present representative (with respect to mountainous Greece) study, may have irreversible social impacts. Hence, a need for specific and effective action is necessary, whose main axes should be an extensive upgrade of buildings' energy efficiency in mountainous settlements and special fuel tariffs for mountainous areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. ASPECTS OF POVERTY IN GREECE.
- Author
-
Tsakloglou, Panos
- Subjects
POVERTY ,COST of living ,FARMERS ,RETIREES ,POPULATION - Abstract
Poverty in Greece is measured and decomposed using the primary consumption expenditure data of two Greek Household Expenditure Surveys (1974, 1981/82). Poverty is found to be associated with particular characteristics of the household or the household head. These characteristics are residence in rural areas, large household size, low educational level and old age of the household head. Poverty is also very high among members of households headed by farmers and retired persons. Both absolute and relative poverty declined substantially between 1974 and 1982. Changes in the structure of the population had a positive effect on poverty alleviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Introducing a Safety Net: The Effects of Neoliberal Policy on Welfare, Poverty, and the Net Social Wage during the Greek Crisis.
- Author
-
Missos, Vlassis
- Subjects
PUBLIC welfare policy ,BUDGET surpluses ,SOCIAL pressure ,POVERTY ,WAGES - Abstract
The combined effects of internal devaluation and fiscal consolidation policies implemented in Greece between 2010 and 2019 are reflected in substantial levels of income contraction and unequal distribution of the financial burden. Neoliberal policy responses are examined through a safety net that allocates scarce fiscal resources to persons in extreme need, subject to high primary budget surplus targets. The safety net operates in this manner when social pressure upon the worker class intensifies. Further, the essay explores two supplementary aspects. First, a modified measure of poverty using the conventional approach of differentiated income poverty lines is considered. Second, net social wage variations are examined. Results indicate Greek workers have suffered substantially and that neoliberal policies have placed disproportionate burdens on persons most in need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Risk of poverty in Southern Europe.
- Author
-
Mussida, Chiara and Parisi, Maria Laura
- Subjects
RECESSIONS ,POVERTY ,TEMPORARY employees ,HUMAN capital ,CAPITAL investments - Abstract
We analyze whether the risk of poverty deteriorates with the crisis in France, Greece, Italy and Spain, for different categories of households, individual features and policy instruments, such as the regional European Structural Funds. We find that the impact of the economic recession was heterogeneous, deteriorating the status of temporary workers, self‐employed, single and female‐headed households, while the risk of poverty decreased relatively for larger households with dependent children and elderly members. We also find that targeted funds toward human capital investment are associated to decreasing the risk of poverty, but the crisis slowed down their effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Meeting the needs of unaccompanied children in Greece.
- Author
-
Buchanan, Ann and Kallinikaki, Theano
- Subjects
CIVIL rights ,FAMILIES & psychology ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,DECISION making ,GROUP identity ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,RECORDING & registration ,NEEDS assessment ,PARENTS ,POVERTY ,RECESSIONS ,REFUGEE camps ,REFUGEES ,PSYCHOLOGY of refugees ,SOCIAL services ,SOCIAL workers ,STUDENTS ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,CHILDREN - Abstract
This article summarizes the situation of unaccompanied child (UAC) refugees in Greece in 2017/2018. It notes the number and characteristics of these children, the challenging situation in responding to their needs in a country where many native children are living in poverty and deprivation following the EU austerity measures. This article also outlines the legal obligations and EU directives for looking after UACs. Finally, it summarizes the challenges for social workers on the ground of responding to the rights of the incoming UACs. Selected examples are presented with reference to the priorities under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. In-work poverty: reversing a trend through business commitment.
- Author
-
Panagiotakopoulos, Antonios
- Subjects
EMPLOYEE well-being ,POVERTY ,PERSONNEL management ,EMPLOYER contributions ,MINIMUM wage - Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explore whether employer action may contribute towards reducing in-work poverty. Essentially, the study examines the extent to which small firm owners accept as being among their core responsibilities the support of the working poor both from an ethical and financial perspective. It further explores the impact of employee-friendly policies to support the working poor on the organizational performance of small enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative approach was adopted consisting of 60 responses from 30 small firm owners and 30 employees. More specifically, the study draws on the empirical data collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with the firm owners of 30 low-paying enterprises operating in Greece and 30 employees working in those firms. Findings: The findings reveal that employer measures to reduce in-work poverty such as systematic training, travel allowance, provision of free meals and retail vouchers, bonus schemes and other indirect financial rewards do enhance overall employee well-being, which, in turn, makes employees more engaged with their work and motivate them to "go the extra mile" for their employer. As a result, organizations appear to enjoy several benefits including less absenteeism and staff turnover, reduced errors in production and increased productivity. Practical implications: The present analysis argues that a narrow focus by policymakers on both direct and indirect governmental measures (e.g. an increase of the minimum wage, childcare and housing support) to reduce in work-poverty could be problematic as there are employer instruments that could also have a direct and indirect impact on employee income that could be useful when thinking about how in-work poverty can best be addressed. The empirical work showed that the above-mentioned measures have the potential to bring various organizational benefits including increased staff loyalty, less absenteeism, improved customer service and increased productivity. Such findings indicate that there is a strong business case for employers to combat in-work poverty and provide "better" jobs to individuals. Originality/value: The emphasis of research around in-work poverty has been placed predominantly on welfare state measures to support the working poor, whereas the contribution of employers has been ignored. The present study fills this knowledge gap by leading to a better understanding of whether there is a business case for employers to fight in-work poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Europe's Unwelcome Guests.
- Author
-
Margaronis, Maria
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,PREJUDICES ,POVERTY ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The article focuses on Europe's resentment against immigrants. Migrants in Greece are prey to prejudiced officials and ruthless employers. But still Greece has its advantages. In Great Britain the asylum seekers have been demonized. As most of the world sinks deeper into poverty and wars flare up more and more people are driven to uproot themselves. Though Europeans complain of being flooded, three-quarters of all refugees remain in their own regions. For the great majority there is no legal avenue to safety. Without new immigrants--many working illegally or semilegally for sub-minimum wages--the continent's economy would grind to a halt.
- Published
- 2002
40. Critical, Anti-Oppressive and Human Rights Social Work in the 'Rough Pathways' of the Muslim Roma Neighbourhoods in Thrace: Towards Inclusion in Education.
- Author
-
Kandylaki, Agapi and Kallinikaki, Theano
- Subjects
EDUCATION ,ACADEMIC achievement ,CHILD welfare ,COUNSELING ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,SCHOOL dropouts ,HEALTH status indicators ,HOME care services ,HUMAN rights ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,ISLAM ,LITERACY ,MINORITIES ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PARENTS ,POVERTY ,PREJUDICES ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,SELF-efficacy ,SOCIAL services ,SOCIAL workers ,STEREOTYPES ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,CULTURAL awareness ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,HUMAN services programs - Abstract
This article draws on critical, anti-oppressive and human rights perspectives and presents a social work project, developed in the disadvantaged 'Muslim Roma' neighbourhoods on the outskirts of the big cities in the region of Thrace-Greece. The project aims at dealing with school drop-out, encouraging children's regular attendance and improving their educational attainment. It encounters multilevel and holistic interventions, aiming at challenging discrimination and exclusion. Inclusion in education is a prerequisite for the implementation of any anti-discriminatory and anti-oppressive policies, as illiterate people face severe difficulties in profiting from any of these. It is claimed that, although education is both a right and an obligation for children, families, schools and the state, this is not always the case for the population under study, as safeguarding children's right to education is being hindered by the complexity of imposed obstacles in the Muslim Roma communities, namely poverty, poor health, frequently unregistered children, inadequate health services and inter-generational illiteracy. It has been even more perplexed by negative stereotypes and prejudices attributed to them. Direct practice and empowerment, systemic analysis, counselling and community-oriented social work interventions formulated the project, which aimed to bridge schools, families and communities and tackle school drop-out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Social Rights in Crisis and the Case of Health in Greece.
- Author
-
Maria, Themelidou
- Subjects
SOCIAL & economic rights ,DEMOCRACY ,FINANCIAL crises - Abstract
Europe, in recent years, is experiencing its deepest recession since the Second World War. The question of the serious consequences of the crisis, the consequences are manifested not only in economy but also in the fields of democracy and social rights is becoming increasingly difficult. The crisis has had serious and lasting repercussions on economic, social and cultural rights. Among others: galloping unemployment, which in countries such as Greece reached unprecedented levels, reduction of the protection of labor, social security and protection; tax reforms that intensify poverty and exclusion; impoverishment, usually under the level considered adequate in accordance with international law; limits on supreme social right to health. In the context of globalization, the deepening of economic problems in a financial market causes domino respective reactions at international level with corresponding effects on the social level and in health. In this context, the present study analyzes the impact of economic crisis for Greece, the European country hit hardest by the crisis, which clearly demonstrated effects, while the transition took place in a shorter time compared to other countries. One of the areas which suffered the harsh consequences of the situation briefly outlined above is that of health. A serious economic crisis, as this has a serious impact on health, causing problems in the financing of health systems, threatening the viability of private insurance companies and charged to the functioning of public health care units due to increased demand. The society and the welfare state to test the limits of their strength trying to manage their reduced budgets for health. Importation: It would not be too much to say that the history of the 20
th century is not just a story of the technological achievements or the two ice-fights, but also the history of the «Social man» social protests, social rebellions, wars, social movements contributed to the formation of the «social» next to the economy and to its bodies, which was recognized in the 19th century and crystallized in the institutionalization of social rights, the organization and emergence of the social state, the formulation of social policies and more generally, the consolidation of a «Social contract» where the economic criterion of maximizing profits was reconciled with the need to legitimize the overall productive system, social peace and the class compromise. (Sakelaropoulos 2011). The guarantee of social rights legitimizes a basis for the development of national and supra-national social policy. The concept of social right is the nucleus of the concept of social policy. (Venieris 2013) But the economic crisis that we are experiencing today is based on the notion of social rights. The recent financial crisis is one of the largest in the global economy and has been shifted to the real economy, resulting in the recession and decline of citizens incomes. For example, the social right in health that has «a priority in relation to other goods» (Papakonstantinou 2005), has undergone major changes over the last few years, through the vicious circle generated by rising unemployment, the loss of health insurance, the loss of health insurance, the reduction of incomes, the non-response, to health and care costs, and the poor health that results in increased morbidity and mortality through the continued increase in poverty. For Greece, the consequences of the global economic crisis are even more apparent as the economic policies of the last three decades brought the country to the brink of bankruptcy. This has the effect of shrinking the acquired social rights and in some cases, of permanently eliminating them. The economic crisis leads to labor, unemployment and ultimately poverty that lead to the social exclusion of more and more groups. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to highlight the worldwide crisis of social rights and the impact on the health of the people, especially of Greece, which has been subjected to the crisis with a particularly serious impact. Methods: Data was collected through bibliography and internet search (Pub med, Medline, Google Scholar) 2004-2014.Greek and English articles have been selected that mention the proposed models of mental health services integration in primary health care. Bibliography review in diagram 1. Discussion/Conclusion: The conclusions that arise for the critique of Social Rights in our time and how austerity affects the health of Greek citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
42. Immigration and Refugee Crises in Fourth-Century Greece: An Athenian Perspective.
- Author
-
Rubinstein, Lene
- Subjects
REFUGEES ,SLAVERY ,GREEK history ,WOMEN immigrants ,HISTORY ,HISTORY of slavery ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
The fourth-century B.C. was a period during which a large number of Greek cities were affected by civil wars, military conquests, and destruction, with the displacement of large numbers of men, women and children as a result. This has implications for the modern debate on Athenian attitudes to immigration, which normally focuses on just two groups of free non-citizens: adult, able-bodied men who moved to Athens voluntarily to take advantage of the city’s economic opportunities and (more recently) on the free non-citizen population who had come to Athens as slaves and who stayed on after their manumission. This article argues that refugees were likely to have constituted a considerable component of the migration to Athens during certain troubled periods in the course of the fourth century. This means that the size of Athens’s immigrant population was likely to have fluctuated considerably, that many of the refugees would have been destitute, that women and children (sometimes unaccompanied by adult male relatives) may have made up an even greater proportion of the non-citizen population than normally assumed, and, thus, that a considerable number of these immigrants would not have been able to contribute substantially to Athens’s grain trade or military. The implications of this for our assessment of the Athenian motives for admitting groups of refugees are discussed, and it is argued that the requirement that all male and all unaccompanied female immigrants had to find an Athenian sponsor and pay a special metic tax may have constituted a certain level of control over immigrant numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Greece's Economic and Social Transformation 2008-2017.
- Author
-
Mavridis, Symeon
- Subjects
SOCIAL factors ,FINANCIAL crises ,SOCIAL isolation ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,SOCIAL indicators - Abstract
Greece has confronted serious financial problems since 2008 when the global financial crisis reached its peak. The disturbance in the markets led to an unprecedented local debt crisis, which has lasted till now. The scope of this research is to examine how the crisis affected the local transformation of the society from 2008 to 2017. For this purpose, the papermade secondary analysis of previous data, reports, articles, as well as other relevant information on basic economic and social factors such as GDP, income per capita, unemployment, social exclusion, poverty and homelessness. Despite the fact that three International Economic Programmes have been adopted by the Greek governments, the country still fights for its financial stability. Furthermore, the consequences of crisis were devastating in society. The state countermeasures have triggered a surge in unemployment, emigration, poverty and exclusion, especially among youngsters. In addition, major national economic and social indicators have significantly worsened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The impact of a school food aid program on household food insecurity.
- Author
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Petralias, Athanassios, Papadimitriou, Eleni, Riza, Elena, Karagas, Margaret R., Zagouras, Alexia B. A., and Linos, Athena
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,FOOD relief ,HIGH school students ,HOME accident prevention ,NUTRITION ,NUTRITIONAL assessment ,POPULATION ,POVERTY ,PUBLIC health ,RESEARCH funding ,SCHOOL children ,DEVELOPED countries ,FOOD safety ,DATA analysis ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,HUMAN services programs ,RECEIVER operating characteristic curves ,DATA analysis software ,ODDS ratio ,MANN Whitney U Test - Abstract
Background: We had a unique opportunity to establish the extent of food insecurity and the potential impact of a large-scale school-based nutritional program, in low-socioeconomic status districts of Greece, during the current economic crisis. Methods: Around 162 schools with 25 349 students participated during the 2012-2013 school year. Each student received a daily healthy meal designed by nutrition specialists. Food insecurity levels, measured using the Food Security Survey Module were assessed at baseline and after a 1-8-month intervention period. Pre-post intervention responses were matched at an individual level. Results: Around 64.2% of children's households experienced food insecurity at baseline. This percentage decreased to 59.1% post-intervention, P < 0.001. On an individual level, food insecurity score diminished by 6.5%, P < 0.001. After adjustment for various socioeconomic factors, for each additional month of participation, the odds of reducing the food insecurity score increased by 6.3% (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.11). Those experiencing food insecurity with hunger at baseline were more likely to improve food insecurity score than those who did not (OR = 3.51, 95%CI: 2.92-4.21). Conclusion: Children and families residing in low socioeconomic areas of Greece, experience high levels of food insecurity. Our findings suggest that participation in a school-based food aid program may reduce food insecurity for children and their families in a developed country in times of economic hardship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Wit and Greece's economic crisis: Ironic slogans, food, and antiausterity sentiments.
- Author
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KNIGHT, DANIEL M.
- Subjects
FINANCIAL crises ,AUSTERITY ,DICTATORSHIP ,NEOLIBERALISM ,POVERTY - Abstract
ABSTRACT Ironic slogans voice opposition to neoliberal austerity measures as people in western Thessaly, Greece, strive to account for dramatically increasing poverty and cultivate a sense of collective suffering in an era of economic crisis. The slogans are pinned to moments of socioeconomic turmoil in recent Greek history, such as the 1941-43 famine and the 1973 polytechnic uprising against military dictatorship. Through satire, they capture local and national attitudes toward the government's current austerity policy and neoliberalism more generally. Drawing on powerful tropes of food, the slogans critique the experiences of neoliberal reform, becoming sites of resistance and solidarity that reframe relations between local people, their government, and international creditors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Poverty and Inequality during the Great Recession in Greece.
- Author
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Matsaganis, Manos and Leventi, Chrysa
- Subjects
RECESSIONS ,DEPRESSIONS (Economics) ,ECONOMIC recovery ,INCOME ,ECONOMIC forecasting - Abstract
The severe economic crisis that has been affecting Greece since 2009 is having an unprecedented impact in terms of job and income losses, and is widely perceived to have a comparably significant effect in terms of greater inequality and increased poverty. This article provides an early assessment of whether (and to what extent) the latter is the case. Specifically, it simulates the impact of the austerity (i.e. fiscal consolidation policies) and the recession (i.e. negative developments in the wider economy) on the distribution of incomes in 2009-12, and estimates how the burden of the Great Recession has been shared across income groups. The article concludes by discussing the policy implications of the authors' research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Solidarity and Justice Reconsidered.
- Author
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HAKER, HILLE
- Subjects
POVERTY ,SOCIAL problems ,CAPITALISM ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC systems - Abstract
The article discusses the emergence of high rates of unemployment and poverty in European countries like Greece, which are hit the hardest by the financial crises. According to the National Center for Social Research, the number of people selling sex has increased by 150 per cent since 2012. It notes that national economic systems based on financial capitalism cannot be maintained in countries like Greece unless it shows willingness to accept socio-economic reforms.
- Published
- 2014
48. The economic crisis seen from the everyday.
- Author
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Kaika, Maria
- Subjects
URBAN poor ,RECESSIONS ,OCCUPY Wall Street protest movement ,POVERTY ,PEOPLE with alcoholism - Abstract
The proliferating numbers of a new population of urban poor in the Western world—who I call here nouveau poor—is a phenomenon equally (if not more) significant as the emergence of the Indignados and Occupy movements, and calls for urgent attention from the part of critical urban studies. This phenomenon forces us to re-evaluate the analytical categories within which we study urban poverty (gender, age, ethnicity, marginality, etc.) and prompts us to focus on commonality, rather than difference, when it comes to collectively reclaiming the ‘right to the city’. Focusing on the political, social and affective consequences of the presence of nouveau poor on the streets of Athens, I argue that the shock waves that Greece's nouveau poor send down Europe's spine are partly due to the fact that Athens' new ranks of beggars are not migrants, junkies, alcoholics or homeless; they do not fall in any of the familiar categories of the urban ‘other’ or ‘subaltern’. As they belonged, until very recently, to the mainstream aspiring middle classes, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to ‘other’ them, ignore them or dismiss them politically, or socially. The presence of Europe's very own ranks of middle class-come-poor begs for a reconceptualisation of the link between urban theory and praxis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Social policy in hard times: The case of Greece.
- Author
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Matsaganis, Manos
- Subjects
BUDGET ,DEBT ,ECONOMICS ,INCOME ,PENSIONS ,POVERTY ,PUBLIC administration ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The current Greek crisis started off in 2009 as a fiscal crisis, soon turned into a sovereign debt crisis, then mutated into a full-blown recession, unprecedented in depth and duration. The article offers an early analysis of the impact of the crisis on the labour market and the distribution of incomes, showing that the need for social protection is now much greater than ever before. It then critically reviews social policy responses in a context of both cuts to social spending and reforms in social programmes, arguing that the Greek welfare state is poorly equipped to meet the challenge. The article concludes by discussing prospects for social policy in an era of permanent austerity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Depression and economic hardship across Greece in 2008 and 2009: two cross-sectional surveys nationwide.
- Author
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Madianos, Michael, Economou, Marina, Alexiou, Tatiana, and Stefanis, Costas
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,POOR people ,HARDSHIP ,POPULATION & economics ,POVERTY ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,TELEPHONE surveys - Abstract
Purpose: In many western countries during the recent years, people have witnessed the deterioration of their economies and the emergence of related phenomena such as loss of property, unemployment and social disruption. These phenomena have also been associated with increasing levels of demoralization and the developing of major depressive episodes (MDE). Greece in the years 2008 and mainly in 2009 started facing a sharp economic decline. The purpose of this study was to explore the consequences of this condition and the ways are reflected in the prevalence of MDE during these two critical years. Method: Two nationwide cross-sectional telephone surveys were carried out in 2008 and 2009 with representative samples of 2,197 and 2,192 respondents, respectively. The interview comprised the SCID I module of MDE and an Index of Personal Economic Distress (IPED). Results: The 1-month prevalence of MDE in 2009 was found to be 6.8%, compared to corresponding rates of 3.3% in 2008. Respondents facing serious economic hardship (with higher scores in IPED) were mostly at risk for developing an MDE. Conclusions: The findings of both studies underline the significance of the risk involved in developing MDE when individuals have been exposed in extreme and stressful economic situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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