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We examine changes in population level incidence and survival of patients diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in the United States in 2001–2016. Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-18 database. Period analysis was used to calculate one-, two-, and five-year survival. The incidence peaked at 5.6 per 100,000 in 2010 then decreased to 3.9 by 2016, with a decrease in the diagnoses of refractory anemia (RA) and RA with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) and a relative increase in RA with excess blasts (RAEB). Overall, one-, two-, and five-year relative survival decreased over time, going from 74.3%, 60.9%, and 42.3%, respectively, in 2008–2010 to 70.9%, 55.9%, and 37.6%, respectively, in 2014–2016. When survival was examined by histology, patients with RA/RARS and RAEB had similar survival expectations in 2008–2010 versus 2014–2016 and a decrease was observed for 5q-MDS. Our results highlight the need for new treatment options in MDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Population-level survival has improved for common haematologic malignancies in the early 21st century. However, relatively few population-level data are available for rare haematologic malignancies. Methods Data were extracted from 12 cancer registries in Germany and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database in the United States (US). Cases of haematologic malignancies with an incidence of less than 1 per 100,000 were selected for analysis. Period analysis was used to determine 5-year relative survival (RS) for the years 2003–2012, and modelled period analysis was used to determine changes in survival between 2003–2007 and 2008–2012. Results Seven individual haematologic malignancies which met criteria were identified. Overall 5-year age-adjusted RS was 62.4% in Germany and 57.0% in the US in 2003–2012, with a good deal of variability by individual haematologic malignancy, ranging from less than 30% for chronic monomyeloid leukaemia to greater than 85% for hairy cell leukaemia and mycosis fungoides. Five-year RS increased significantly between 2003–2007 and 2008–2012 for patients with mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma and hairy cell leukaemia in Germany and for patients with mantle cell lymphoma and anaplastic large-cell kinase+ anaplastic lymphoma in the US. Conclusions Survival for rare haematologic malignancies varied considerably by cancer entity. Overall 5-year RS was slightly higher in Germany compared to the US. Survival estimates increased for a minority of haematologic malignancies between 2003–2007 and 2008–2012. Further research into the best treatment options for rare malignancies is needed to further improve survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To better understand the influence of prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) screening and other health system determinants on prognosis of prostate cancer, up-to-date relative survival ( RS), stage distributions, and trends in survival and incidence in Germany were evaluated and compared with the United States of America (USA). Patients and Methods Incidence and mortality rates for Germany and the USA for the period 1999-2010 were obtained from the Centre for Cancer Registry Data at the Robert Koch Institute and the USA Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results ( SEER) database. For analyses on stage and survival, data from 12 population-based cancer registries in Germany and from the SEER-13 database were analysed. Patients (aged ≥ 15 years) diagnosed with prostate cancer (1997-2010) and mortality follow-up to December 2010 were included. The 5- and 10-year RS and survival trends (2002-2010) were calculated using standard and model-based period analysis. Results Between 1999 and 2010, prostate cancer incidence decreased in the USA but increased in Germany. Nevertheless, incidence remained higher in the USA throughout the study period (99.8 vs 76.0 per 100,000 in 2010). The proportion of localised disease significantly increased from 51.9% (1998-2000) to 69.6% (2007-2010) in Germany and from 80.5% (1998-2000) to 82.6% (2007-2010) in the USA. Mortality slightly decreased in both countries (1999-2010). Overall, 5- and 10-year RS was lower in Germany (93.3%; 90.7%) than in the USA (99.4%; 99.6%) but comparable after adjustment for stage. The same patterns were seen in age-specific analyses. Improvements seen in prostate cancer survival between 2002-2004 and 2008-2010 (5-year RS: 87.4% and 91.2%; +3.8% units) in Germany disappeared after adjustment for stage ( P = 0.8). Conclusion The survival increase in Germany and the survival advantage in the USA might be explained by differences in incidence and stage distributions over time and across countries. Effects of early detection or a lead-time bias due to the more widespread utilisation and earlier introduction of PSA testing in the USA are likely to explain the observed patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We investigated survival in breast cancer patients by age group, focussing on those covered by screening programmes, using data from 12 European population-based cancer registries participating in the European Network for Indicators on Cancer Survival Working Group. Methods: We calculated period estimates of 5-year relative survival for 2000–2004 and examined the change in survival estimates for four age groups between 1990–1994 and 2000–2004. Trends in age specific incidence, survival and mortality were additionally compared to those in the United States based on results from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) programme. Results: Breast cancer survival uniformly increased particularly in areas with lower breast cancer survival for patients diagnosed in 1990–1994. With the exception of Geneva, Scotland and Estonia, the rise in survival was always larger among the younger age groups than in the 70+ age group and the age-gradient widened over time. The 5-year relative survival of patients aged 70 and above in the European registries was at least 7 percentage points lower than the 5-year relative survival of patients in the same age group in the US in 2000–2004. During the study period, incidence increased in all age groups and populations with a few exceptions, an observation paralleled by declining mortality. Conclusions: Results showed that some of the geographical differences in overall survival are even larger when considering age groups, in particular between Western and Eastern European countries. Furthermore, some of the differences in survival within the Northern and Western European areas could be due to variations in the implementation of screening programmes rather than economic inequalities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]