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The global pandemic of Coronavirus COVOD-19 has caused global physical health threats and psychological health shocks, whether it is fear and panic of infection, emotional impact on home quarantine or isolation, and economic difficulties due to the epidemic. Interpersonal conflicts caused by epidemic prevention or mental health problems such as internet addiction and domestic violence arising from home extension due to fear of the spread of epidemic disease and their corresponding ways, which deserve the attention of guidance and counseling professionals. These biological epidemics are not individual cases. Significant disasters include SARS and MERS. The minor disasters include influenza and dengue fever, plus the natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, heavy rain, tsunami, and volcanic eruptions. or significant traffic accidents such as plane crashes and train derailments, or unexpected events such as fires, dust explosions, oil pipe explosions, terrorist attacks and nuclear power leakage. Whether it is a natural or human-made disaster, it will cause severe destruction and damage to people's lives, property, and environment of the world. It will bring significant trauma and sorrow to the mental health of the people. As a result, there is an urgent need for psychological counseling and psychotherapy. Guidance and counseling professionals should understand and respond to these counseling needs caused by disasters. At this moment, when COVOD19 continues to spread, the Chinese Journal of Guidance and Counselling specifically plan this special issue on “disasters and counseling” and solicit contributions from scholars around the world. It is hoped that relevant helping professionals will jointly discuss the psychological crisis of the disaster in-depth, and actively build a psychological turning point of counseling, cultivating the present, reviewing the past, and inspiring the future. Professionals in the field of guidance and counseling, as well as cross-disciplinary professionals, are welcome to participate in the submission. Topics include (but not limited to): 1. Different types of mental health problems of people from different backgrounds caused by disasters. 2. The mental health policy and related counseling strategies in response to disaster-induced mental health problems. 3. Mental health problems of helping professionals caused by disasters or disaster relief. 4. The psychological process and experience of helping professionals during disaster relief. 5. All relevant theoretical constructions, intervention programs, case studies, literature reviews, qualitative or quantitative empirical studies related to disasters are also welcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the author's views on the ideals of Eastern women. There are a considerable number of Western men in whom there is a survival of the Eastern view about women, although they take very good care not to carry the Oriental notion of impersonality and sacrifice into their conception of what is seemly in men. This ideal is not imposed upon women by men, but is the national and eternal ideal of both sexes, It is less obviously ridiculous for an Oriental to assert that women like seclusion, ignorance, and subjection, because when any living creature is accustomed from birth to certain conditions, that creature suffers when transplanted to other conditions. The author firmly believes that he has seen so many women gain joy and hope by the opening of doors: seen dull eyes brighten and sad lips smile to hear words spoken which at last express their inmost and hitherto unfriended thoughts and aspirations and sorrows, The depression of life and energy, of will and genius, that comes from slavery is spiritual murder, and the kind of slavery which is involved in the subjection of one sex to the other is the most penetrating conceivable; for it permeates flesh and spirit. It is life-long, it corrupts the ethical standard of both slave and slave-owner, so that no one yet knows what women can do nor to what heights men can rise.

Type D personality has been consistently associated with adverse cardiovascular health with atypical cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress one potential underlying mechanism. As Type D individuals have been noted to report lower social support and greater perceptions of negativity in social interactions, this study examined if the association between Type D personality and cardiovascular reactivity was mediated by these social relationships. A sample of 195 undergraduate students (138 female) participated in this observational study, where they completed measures assessing Type D personality (DS14), social support, and perceptions of negative social relationships (National Institute of Health social relationship scales), before undergoing a traditional cardiovascular reactivity protocol. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP; DBP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were monitored throughout. ANCOVAs and regressions indicated that Type D personality was associated with lower cardiovascular reactivity to a mental arithmetic stressor. Furthermore, mediation analyses (process macro) indicated that the relationship between Type D personality and cardiovascular reactivity was mediated via increased perceptions of negative social relationships, as well as lower levels of social support. Apart from a significant association between Type D personality and increased HR reactivity, all results failed to withstand adjustment for the individual effects of negative affect (NA) and social inhibition (SI) in controlled analyses. Overall, these findings suggest that the predictive utility of Type D personality on cardiovascular reactivity above and beyond the individual effects of NA and SI is limited, and may vary depending on the cardiovascular parameter of focus., (© 2020 Society for Psychophysiological Research.)

Purpose: Emotions and emotional contagion are being increasingly recognized as crucial variables influencing individual behavior and organizational functioning. This position paper serves the function as a ready reckoner by reviewing and consolidating existing literature in the field of emotional contagion. The review is categorized into three broad headings: (a) individual, (b) interpersonal, and (c) contextual factors, based on their relationship with emotional contagion. Design/Methodology/Approach: The article focuses on analyzing and critiquing studies of emotional contagion conducted in several streams such as psychological processes, personality, organizational behavior, marketing, and consumer behavior. A conceptual framework of emotional contagion is presented, supplemented with research propositions. Findings: The phenomenon of emotional contagion in workplace and its effects on personal and group outcomes has emerged as a critical area of research. It has been firmly established in literature that spread of emotions, if not properly managed, is bound to influence work effectiveness. Implications: Importance of understanding the effects of transfer of emotions, for both academicians and practicing managers is one of the critical take-aways of this article. Suitable interventions are the need of the hour in order to ensure proper management of emotions. Originality/Value: The contribution of the article is expected to be fourfold, in terms of: (a) presenting a structured and comprehensive review of literature on emotional contagion, (b) identifying gaps in the existing literature, (c) proposing a conceptual framework, and (d) developing propositions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper involves a discussion of “The Young Infant's Triangular Communication in the Family: Access to Threesome Intersubjectivity?” Conceptual considerations and case illustrations. The work of the Lausanne Group is reviewed with special reference to its relevance to psychoanalytic theory and practice. The ingenuity of the design of the play paradigm is cited, with its illumination of the role of the body and interactive events in the construction of inner experience. Challenges to psychoanalytic thinking are discussed with special reference to the Oedipus complex and its precursors. A major difference involves the Lausanne group's position that triangles are not inherently problematic. The author also addresses the question of intersubjectivity as a motivational system, taking issue with the group's position that it is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I discuss the theoretical and clinical implications of the termination process with Jody Davies and her patient, Karen, in which the revisiting of self-other configurations and their corresponding meanings, having evolved over the course of treatment, are explored. The discussion highlights, from a complexity theory perspective, the themes of emotional honesty, uncertainty, capacity to mourn, and self-agency in the context of multiplicity of self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of papers delivered at conferences related to literature and languages. They include "Philip Roth's Return to Jewish American Values," by William Edward Engel, "Savage in the Text: Paul Gauguin and the Lure of the Primitive in Roth's "Goodbye, Columbus"," by Randall S. Wilhelm, and "Transforming Gender: The Blurring of Binaries in Philip Roth's "The Beast"," by Lisa Wenger.

This article describes the multi-genre-multi-gendered research project. According to the author's analysis, the multi-genre research can be a powerful form that allows for complexity, questioning and the development of personal voice. The multi-genre approach will enable the students to embrace research as a personal and organic experience. The multi genre-multi-gendered papers written by female students depicted gender through their associations with their significant others, such as friends and boyfriends. On the other hand, male students rejected conventional gendered identities.

Abstract: Certain central points of Dr. Fred Pine''s paper “Differentiation, object relation and microprocesses of identification through the mother–infant bodily relationship” are discussed. Emphasis is given on the centrality of the mother–infant relationship for the appearance of more differentiated and more integrated processes in the developing child, and on the complexity of the achievement of identification and its long-term significance for personality development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An editorial is presented which expresses the views of Leonard H. Friedman, PhD, MPH, FACHE on emotional intelligence in health administration. Topics include defining emotional intelligence as the ability to recognize and manage emotions in oneself and others, its core competencies (self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, and relationship management), and the importance of fostering emotional intelligence among both students and faculty in health administration programs.

Purpose: This paper explores the transformative impact of regular employee feedback and recognition in the workplace. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of feedback in fostering a culture of accountability and appreciation, thereby improving organizational effectiveness and employee satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: The paper adopts a qualitative approach, drawing on extensive professional experience and contemporary Human Relations practices. It synthesizes insights from various employee engagement strategies, feedback mechanisms and recognition programs implemented in diverse organizational settings. The methodology includes an analysis of best practices in feedback delivery, the role of technology in Human Relations and the challenges of implementing effective feedback systems. The approach is grounded in practical Human Relations expertise, offering a real-world perspective on managing employee engagement. Findings: This paper finds that clear communication of expectations, setting achievable goals, providing resources and acknowledging success are key to effective feedback. The study also reveals the importance of personalized, empathetic feedback approaches and the strategic use of technology in HR processes. Research limitations/implications: The insights presented are based on the author's extensive experience and existing literature, which may not encompass all possible scenarios in diverse organizational contexts. Future research could benefit from empirical studies to validate these findings across different industries and company sizes. Practical implications: This paper offers actionable strategies for HR professionals and managers to enhance employee engagement through effective feedback and recognition. The paper also discusses the integration of technology in feedback processes and the importance of ongoing training for effective feedback delivery. These insights are valuable for organizations aiming to foster a positive work environment and high employee morale. Social implications: The study highlights the social dimension of workplace feedback, emphasizing its role in building a supportive and inclusive work culture. It underscores the importance of recognizing diverse feedback preferences and the impact of empathetic, personalized communication on employee well-being and job satisfaction. The paper advocates for feedback practices that contribute to a more engaged, motivated and socially connected workforce. Originality/value: This paper offers a unique blend of practical HR expertise and strategic insights into employee feedback and recognition. It fills a gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive view of the impact of feedback on employee engagement and organizational performance. The paper's value lies in its practical applicability and its contribution to the understanding of effective feedback strategies in modern workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a super-aging society, health promotion activities in local Japanese communities are increasingly essential. Developing the health-promotion programs must include the perspective of older people residing in these communities and what they believe to be their regional strengths. This study aimed to clarify the elements of regional strengths perceived by older people living in local Japanese communities from the literature review. Using the internet edition of the Japan Medical Abstracts Society (Ichu-shi), the authors examined papers on Japanese regional residents using relevant keywords. Of 342 considered papers, 14 papers were extracted in this study. As a result, the contents related to the regional strengths perceived by the older people living in the local Japanese community were extracted, classified based on the similarity of the meanings and contents, and then summarized into the elements of the strengths. As the regional strengths, three categories were cited for individual elements: "Actions or behaviors underpinned by experience," "Continuing to live with positivity and vigor," and "Extensive support for the subject and their family." Three categories were cited for environmental elements: "A comfortable environment," "Maintaining intimate and friendly interpersonal relations," and "Support that meets the regional characteristics." Along with individual and environmental elements, support from experts in the region was cited. Hence, it was concluded that the active participation of experts is essential for promoting activities in local communities, and that deepening relationship with older people has the potential to improve their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although peer relations are recognized as a fundamental developmental context, they have been rarely studied as a means of understanding the effects of socioeconomic status and inequality. In this paper, we show how and why peer relations provide a unique and powerful opportunity to assess the differential risks and resources available in the peer system to children and adolescents from different SES spectra. We argue that research on the intersection between SES and peer relations will enrich both these domains of study., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

It is well established that stressful life events (e.g., family bereavements or moving to a new country) are damaging to psychological health and well-being. Indeed, social relationships are often noted as an important factor that can influence well-being and buffer the negative effects of stress. However, the quality and source of these relationships, particularly for adolescents, are often overlooked. Using the Growing Up in Ireland Survey, a population-based study of 13-year-old Irish adolescents (N = 7,525; 51.1% female), the current study examines the quality of both parent and peer relationships as potential mechanisms explaining the association between stressful life events and psychological well-being indices in adolescents. As expected, results showed that stressful life events negatively impacted the psychological well-being of adolescents. Parallel mediation analyses indicated that both parent and peer relationship quality mediated this association. Further exploratory analyses found that for girls, greater numbers of stressful life events were associated with poorer quality relationships with both their parents and peers, and in turn, these were linked to lower levels of psychological well-being. For boys, this effect was only evident for parental relationship quality, but not peers. The implication of these findings for adolescent's psychological well-being, particularly for girls, is discussed., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

Trust is central to bonding and cooperation. In many social interactions, individuals need to trust another person exclusively on the basis of their subjective impressions of the other's trustworthiness. Such impressions can be formed from social information from faces (e.g., facial trustworthiness and attractiveness) and guide trusting behaviors via activations of dopaminergic brain regions. However, the specific dopaminergic effects on impression-based trust are to date elusive. Here, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject design, we administrated a D2/D3 dopamine agonist (pramipexole) to 28 healthy females who subsequently played a one-shot trust game with partners of varying facial trustworthiness. Our results show that by minimizing facial attractiveness information, we could isolate the specific effects of facial trustworthiness on trust in unknown partners. Despite no modulation of trustworthiness impressions, pramipexole intake significantly impacted trusting behaviors. Notably, these effects of pramipexole on trusting behaviors interacted with participants' hormonal contraceptive use. In particular, after pramipexole intake, trust significantly decreased in hormonal contraceptive non-users. This study fills an important gap in the experimental literature on trust and its neural dynamics, unearthing the cognitive and neural modulations of trusting behaviors based on trustworthiness impressions of others.

Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) have been hypothesized to be associated with interpersonal problems. Furthermore, a stronger contention is that EMSs impact negatively on, or cause, interpersonal problems. The aims of this meta-analysis were (a) to assess the strength of the association between EMSs and interpersonal problems, (b) clarify which EMSs are most strongly associated with interpersonal problems, (c) examine any possible moderators on the relationship between EMSs and interpersonal problems, and (d) examine whether any empirical evidence exists supporting a causal relationship between EMSs and interpersonal problems. A comprehensive systematic literature search and meta-analysis were conducted using the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. A total of 49 empirical studies were reviewed investigating EMSs and interpersonal problems. EMSs were found to have a moderate positive association with interpersonal problems with different EMSs having small to moderate effect sizes. To date, there has been limited evidence supporting a causal effect of EMSs on interpersonal problems. Possible limitations and avenues for future research were discussed., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

Social motivation in individuals with ASD is inferred from the observation of overt behaviors and neurological correlates. Motivation, however, can be distinguishable from overt behavior and neurologic reactivity. Nevertheless, few studies have examined the cognitive processes that may influence goal-directed tasks involved in social interaction. This study addressed this conceptual need by developing a novel interview. The social motivation interview (SMI) assesses for internal cognitions as they relate to social motivation by evaluating social desire, interest, and behaviors in eighteen children with ASD (M years = 12.84). Pilot testing suggested feasibility of administration, user satisfaction, and promising psychometric properties. Future examination of the SMI in large-scale field testing is warranted.

Street connected young people (SCYP) are at risk of encountering negative life experiences, such as abuse, neglect, violence and exploitation. Nonetheless, some demonstrate remarkable resilience. This study therefore aimed to explore protective factors that promote resilience in SCYP in Guatemala City. Using ethnographic interviews and image elicitation eight young people and four adult educational outreach project coordinators participated within this study. Three key protective factors emerged that help develop resilience; Empowerment, as educational projects support SCYP and provide opportunities; Belongingness, encapsulated creating positive relationships, a sense of affinity and positive family environments; and Motivation which highlighted the importance of the young peoples' willpower, engagement with learning and help-seeking behaviour. Educational projects working with SCYP can help to develop resilience by empowering them for change, providing a sense of belonging, while also acknowledging their individual motivation for change., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Background: Companionship at the time of birth is a nonclinical intervention that has been proven to improve the quality of intrapartum care. This study aims to evaluate the coverage, associated factors, and impact of companionship during labor at public hospitals in Nepal., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in six public hospitals in Nepal. The study was conducted from July 2018 to August 2018. Data were collected on sociodemographic, maternal, obstetric, and neonatal characteristics from patient case notes and through predischarge interviews. Coverage of companionship during labor and its association with intrapartum care was analyzed. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to assess the association between companionship during labor and demographic, obstetric, and neonatal characteristics., Results: A total of 63 077 women participated in the study with 19% of them having a companion during labor. Women aged 19-24 years had 65% higher odds of having a companion during labor compared with women aged 35 years and older (aOR 1.65 [95% CI, 1.40-1.94]). Women who were from an advantaged ethnic group (Chhetri/Brahmin) had fourfold higher odds of having a companion than women from a disadvantaged group (aOR 3.84; [95% CI, 3.24-4.52]). Women who had companions during labor had fewer unnecessary cesarean births than those who had no companions (5.2% vs 6.8%, P < .001)., Conclusions: In Nepal, sociodemographic factors affect women's likelihood of having a companion during labor. As companionship during labor is associated with improved quality of care, health facilities should encourage women's access to birth companions., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

The aim of this study was to determine the associations among psychological sense of community (PSoC), psychological empowerment (PE), and relational structure with indicators of centrality and cohesion in egocentric and sociocentric networks when analyzed at different levels. A multicase analysis was used (four developed in Colombia and one in Spain) in which 458 people participated in five studies conducted in organizational and community contexts of vulnerable urban and rural areas. The results suggest that PSoC and PE are intertwined processes whose association is accentuated in organizational contexts. However, the relationships between relational context and PSoC and PE vary notably depending on (a) the type of relationship evaluated, (b) the focus of the study (individual/egocentric vs. group/sociocentric) and the type of indicator used to assess the relational context (centrality vs. structural cohesion). Findings are discussed to understand the role that social bonds play in the development of PSoC and in the ability of subjects to empower themselves in different contexts., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

This study examines how Black and Hispanic parents' report of intergroup relations measured through group identity, linked fate, competition, and conflict are related to their utilization of Head Start services in a region that experienced Hispanic population growth. Surveys were conducted with 227 Black and 130 Hispanic parents in poverty in a mid-sized city in the South. For Hispanic parents, a sense of linked fate within their ethnic group is associated with a lower likelihood of enrollment, however, measures of intergroup relations are not related to the Head Start enrollment status of Black parents. Implications for policies on preschool expansion are discussed., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

In this article, we review research on contemporary social trends that influence the next generation's ability to form and sustain a healthy marriage. As a result, we argue for greater attention to premarital interventions for engaged couples to help the next generation address the potential challenges created by these trends. After we briefly review the current state of premarital education and counseling, we examine four general, interrelated social trends: individualism and commitment ambivalence, changing attitudes about marriage, premarital relationship histories, and the omnipresent media environment. In addition, we offer four general proposals corresponding to these trends that we believe will enhance the future effectiveness of premarital interventions. We urge premarital educators and counselors to evaluate their current interventions with these proposals in mind., (© 2019 American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.)

Objective: To systematically review evidence of the impact of inflammatory arthritis on, or association of inflammatory arthritis with, intimate relationships and sexual function., Methods: Ovid Medline, Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid Embase, and EBSCO CINAHL databases were searched. Two independent reviewers selected articles, extracted data, and conducted manual searches of reference lists from included studies and previous reviews. The quality of evidence was assessed using standard risk-of-bias tools., Results: Fifty-five eligible studies were reviewed. Of these, 49 (89%) were quantitative, 5 (9.1%) were qualitative, and 1 (1.8%) used a mixed-method design. Few quantitative studies were rated as low risk of bias (n = 7 [14%]), many were rated as moderate (n = 37 [74%]) or high risk (n = 6 [12%]). Quantitative study sample sizes ranged from 10 to 1,272 participants, with a reported age range 32-63 years. Qualitative study sample sizes ranged from 8 to 57 participants, with a reported age range 20-69 years. In studies reporting the Female Sexual Function Index, all inflammatory arthritis groups demonstrated mean scores ≤26.55 (range of mean ± SD scores: 14.2 ± 7.8 to 25.7 ± 4.7), indicating sexual dysfunction. In studies reporting the International Index of Erectile Function, all inflammatory arthritis groups reported mean scores ≤25 (range of mean ± SD scores: 16.0 ± 5.3 to 23.8 ± 7.0), indicating erectile dysfunction. Key qualitative themes were impaired sexual function and compromised intimate relationships; prominent subthemes included inflammatory arthritis-related pain and fatigue, erectile dysfunction, diminished sexual desire, and sexual function fluctuations according to disease activity., Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction appears highly prevalent among men and women with inflammatory arthritis, and increased clinician awareness of this impairment may guide provision of tailored education and support., (© 2019, American College of Rheumatology.)

Since its original formulation, Tajfel's Social Identity Theory (SIT) has broadened considerably from its original focus on intergroup relations and is now applied to a wide range of phenomena. Indeed, the 'social identity approach' has become one of the most widely used perspectives in contemporary social psychology. In this article, I examine the popularity of Tajfel's writings on social identity and intergroup relations, especially over the last thirty years when they started to become more generally used. I offer a critical appraisal of the original SIT, both as a theory of intergroup relations and as a theory of identity, concluding that its real value lies in its success in offering an over-arching perspective on the importance of groups in social life and its ability to stimulate new areas of research. I then widen the discussion to consider how the social identity perspective has been used in a number of other fields of enquiry., (© 2019 The British Psychological Society.)

This article argues that social capital health research should move beyond a mere focus on social cohesion and network perspectives to integrate an institutional approach into the development of social capital health interventions. An institutional perspective, which is unique in its emphasis on linking social capital in addition to the bonding and bridging forms, contextualises social capital, allowing researchers to confront the complexity of social relationships. This perspective allows for the construction of interventions that draw on the resources of diverse actors, particularly the state. One intervention strategy with the potential to create community linkages involves lay community health workers (LCHWs), individuals who are trained to perform a variety of health-related functions but lack a formal professional health education. This article begins with a review of the institutional social capital-building literature. It then goes on to briefly review the social capital and health literature and discuss the state of intervention research. Thereafter, it describes LCHWs and discusses studies that have utilised LCHWs to tackle community health problems. In doing so, this article presents an institutional-based systematic framework for how LCHWs can build social capital, including a discussion of the ways in which LCHWs can successfully promote bonding, bridging and linking social capital., (© 2019 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness.)

The present meta-analysis integrates results from 310 longitudinal studies on associations of the attainment of 10 developmental tasks with psychological symptoms (e.g., internalizing or externalizing symptoms, anxiety, and depression). Higher initial success with getting access to a peer group, building friendships, preparing for a future career, body acceptance, as well as developing a personal identity, a value system, and socially responsible behavior predicted lower levels of symptoms at follow-up and stronger declines of symptoms over time when controlling for initial symptom levels. Furthermore, higher initial symptom levels predicted lower attainment of these tasks at follow-up as well as lower progress in task attainment. In contrast, more initial romantic/sexual involvement predicted an increase in symptoms over time, while higher initial symptoms were related to an increase in romantic/sexual involvement. Associations with autonomy varied between different forms of autonomy, while acquisition of a gender role was not related with psychological symptoms., (© 2018 Society for Research on Adolescence.)

This study investigated the relationship between paper and pencil measures and molecular behavioral indicators of social skills in three widely used assessment options. A total of 221 students engaged in either a “get acquainted” or “role play” interaction, in which they were given instructions and knew they were being observed. A third group engaged in a “waiting period” interaction, in which they were given no instructions to interact and had no knowledge of being observed. Results showed that subjects in the “get acquainted” and “role play” situations scored higher on several measures of social skills than those in the “waiting period” situation. In addition, there was most variability in the measures of social skills in the waiting period situation. In general, trait measures exhibited poor correspondence with behavioral measures of social skills in all situations. However, state paper and pencil measures of social skills exhibited strong correspondence with behaviors in the waiting period, but not in the get acquainted or role play situations. Implications for the assessment of social communication skills through commonly used assessment procedures are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Members of the U.S. military are at a high suicide risk. While studies have examined predictors of suicide in the U.S. military, more studies are needed which examine protective factors for suicide. Informed by the interpersonal theory of suicide, this study examined the strength of the intimate relationship and its role as a buffer of suicidality in National Guard service members., Method: A total of 712 National Guard residing in a Midwestern state, who had all recently returned home from a deployment, took part in this study and completed surveys at 6 and 12 months postdeployment. They were assessed on suicide risk, mental health (depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety), and relationship satisfaction., Results: Lower relationship satisfaction and more depressive symptoms at the 6-month assessment were significantly related to greater suicide risk at 12 months. Each interaction between couple satisfaction and three mental health variables (PTSD, depression, and anxiety) at the 6-month assessment was significantly associated with suicide risk at 12 months., Conclusions: The strength of the intimate relationship serves as a buffer for suicide in National Guard service members who have PTSD, anxiety, or depression. Interventions that strengthen these intimate relationships could reduce suicide in service members., (© 2018 The American Association of Suicidology.)

The social sciences are going through what has been described as a 'reproducibility crisis' 1,2 . Highly influential findings derived from accessible populations, such as laboratories and crowd-sourced worker platforms, are not always replicated. Less attention has been given to replicating findings that are derived from inaccessible populations, and recent high-profile replication attempts explicitly excluded such populations 3 . Pioneering experimental work 4 offered a rare glimpse into banker culture and found that bankers, in contrast to other professionals, are more dishonest when they think about their job. Given the importance of the banking sector, and before academics or policy-makers rely on these findings as an accurate diagnosis of banking culture, an exploration of their generalizability is warranted. Here we conduct the same incentivized task with bankers and non-bankers from five different populations across three continents (n = 1,282 participants). In our banker studies in the Middle East and Asia Pacific (n = 148 and n = 620, respectively), we observe some dishonesty, although-in contrast to the original study 4 -this was not significantly increased among bankers primed to think about their work compared to bankers who were not primed. We also find that inducing non-banking professionals to think about their job does not have a significant effect on honesty. We explore sampling and methodological differences to explain the variation in findings in relation to bankers and identify two key points. First, the expectations of the general population regarding banker behaviour vary across jurisdictions, suggesting that banking culture in the jurisdiction of the original study 4 may not be consistent worldwide. Second, having approached 27 financial institutions, many of which expressed concerns of adverse findings, we expect that only banks with a sound culture participated in our study. The latter introduces possible selection bias that may undermine the generalizability of any similar field study. More broadly, our study highlights the complexity of undertaking a high-fidelity replication of sensitive, highly publicized fieldwork with largely inaccessible populations resulting from institutional and geographical barriers. For policy-makers, this work suggests that caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings of the original study 4 to other populations.

Financial stress can have a detrimental impact on a couple's relationship but there is no validated instrument to assess the way couples cope with financial stress. This study sought to validate the Dyadic Coping Inventory for Financial Strain (DCIFS), an adaptation of the Dyadic Coping Inventory to financial stressors, with self-report data collected from 132 heterosexual couples seeking couple and/or family therapy services. Confirmatory Factor Analysis results supported a 23-item version consisting of the following subscales for both men and women: Stress Communication by Oneself and by Partner; Emotion and Problem-Focused Supportive Dyadic Coping (DC) by Oneself and by Partner; Negative DC by Oneself and by Partner; Emotion and Problem-Focused Common DC; and Evaluation of DC (Chi-square test: Men: χ 2 (175) = 310.11, p = 0.00; Women: χ 2 (175) = 242.88, p = 0.00. Results also supported the hypothesized factorial structure for the aggregated subscales of DC by Oneself and by Partner as well as the discriminant, predictive, and convergent validity of the DCIFS. Findings associated with the Stress Communication subscales suggest that this DC dimension may behave differently depending on the type of stressor. Further studies should be conducted to replicate the DCIFS factorial structure with longitudinal data from couples not seeking couple or family therapy., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

The Internet is increasingly used to seek support by those suffering with mental distress (Bauman, S. and Rivers, I. Mental Health and the Digital Age. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan; 2015). Drawing on research on a major online peer support forum, we analyse discussions around acute distress, self-harm and suicide. The paper argues that new temporalities of mental health 'crisis' are emerging through the intersection of the immediacy of online support, the chronicity of underlying distress and the punctuated nature of professional support. Online support adds a layer of temporal immediacy that does not traditionally feature in other forms of support (e.g. professional in-person services). This shifts the meaning of a mental health 'crisis' from acute to processual, and can lead to definitions of 'crisis' being used when not desired nor necessarily accurate. By attending to the layering of temporalities at the intersections of professional in-person, and online support, we demonstrate how parameters of crisis support are set - by whom, for whom and in relation to whose bodies. This has implications for professional clinical practice internationally in relation to the increased digitisation of support and the meanings of 'crisis' that emerge., (Chapters © 2019 The Authors. Book Compilation © 2019 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness/John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Predictions of two different models for suicide attempts (SA) over 12 months, as differentially impacted by specific school-based suicide prevention interventions, were compared. These were as follows: (a) interpersonal theory (IPTS) and (b) a two-pathway model, one path associated with externalizing symptoms and continuum of self-harm behaviors, and the other with internalizing symptoms., Methods: Self-report questionnaires were completed by 11,110 high school students from ten EU countries enrolled in the Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE) study. Baseline measures included perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness from parents and peers, health risk behaviors, self-injury, suicide ideation (SI), and attempts (SA). SI and SA were reassessed at 12-month follow-up. Each model's predictions of SI and SA groups over time (i.e., repeated SA, remitted SA, SA onset, and no SA) were estimated in the no intervention/control group. The superior model was estimated across intervention groups., Results: Interpersonal theory showed better fit compared to the two-pathway model. In partial agreement with IPTS predictions, parental low belongingness but not peer belongingness or burdensomeness predicted greater likelihood of SI. The likelihood of repeated SA versus no SA was higher among adolescents who reported SI, self-injury, risk behaviors, and particularly both SI and self-injury. All three interventions attenuated the combined effect of SI and self-injury. Youth Aware of Mental Health Program (YAM) additionally decreased the effect of risk behaviors on the likelihood of repeated SA., Conclusions: Interpersonal theory assumptions were partially supported. Perceived interpersonal difficulties with parents were primarily related with SI, and risk behaviors and self-injury were important predictors of SA. Suicide prevention interventions may be effective by mitigating the hazardous effect of varying self-harm behaviors and may be further advanced by increasing parental involvement., (© 2019 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.)

Models of pain communication propose that the social environment contributes to partners' pain estimation. This study examined partners' pain estimation in vulvodynia, an idiopathic vulvovaginal pain condition that disrupts the sexuality and relationships of affected couples. Specifically, we investigated (1) the overall bias and tracking accuracy of male partners' perceptions of women's pain during intercourse and (2) the influence of men's within-person variability in relationship satisfaction on bias and accuracy. Sixty-nine women (mean age = 28.1, SD = 6.7) diagnosed with vulvodynia and their cohabiting male partners (mean age = 29.7, SD = 8.1) participated in an 8-week daily diary study. On sexual intercourse days (mean = 6.1, SD = 5.4), men reported their perception of women's pain during intercourse and women self-reported their pain. Men reported their daily relationship satisfaction on all diary days. Men's within-person variability in relationship satisfaction was represented by the SD of relationship satisfaction scores across all daily diaries. Results indicated that men's perceptions were both accurate in that they tracked changes in women's pain and biased in that they generally underestimated this pain. Men's variability in relationship satisfaction moderated tracking accuracy such that men with higher variability manifested lower tracking accuracy for women's pain. Men's higher variability in relationship satisfaction may interfere with their motivation to accurately infer their female partner's pain. Poorer pain estimation may impair men's ability to adjust their emotional and behavioral responses to women's pain, which may have negative consequences for the couples' coping with vulvodynia.

This paper aims to review the literature and analysis the concept of lifestyle and its impact on academic performance. The objective is to identify the lifestyle variables that affect academic performance. Various dimensions of lifestyle are identified namely physical activity, dietary habits, sleep duration; interpersonal relationship, stress management, average hours spent on social media; height and weight of the respondents were measured to measure their BMI -- Body Mass Index. To measure academic performance, GPA was considered. There is a significant relation between excellent performance and sleep duration from 6 hours to 9 hours. A healthier lifestyle is positively correlated to academic performance. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed the significant positive relationship between lifestyle and academic achievement (p=0.03 and r=0.628). These reviews help the researcher to identify the lifestyle variables which affect the academic performance and create the conceptual framework for their future study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Articulating the complexities of relational wellbeing can be challenging at the best of times, and even more complex during periods of heightened stress and uncertainty. Taking inspiration from feminist materialisms and recent writings on material methods, we explore the potential of object interviews to reveal the material-discursive dimensions of women's experiences of wellbeing during the pandemic. In this paper we describe our research process conducting object interviews with 38 women living in Aotearoa New Zealand from a range of socio-economic, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds. We explore the potential and challenges of object interviews for surfacing new ways of knowing (theoretically, methodologically, and cross-culturally) wellbeing beyond human-oriented health, medical and social-constructionist models, and towards more multidimensional and relational understandings. This paper offers our reflections and learnings about the process of re-turning object interviews and the potential of such approaches for evoking complex ways of knowing wellbeing during and beyond pandemic times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this discussion of Summers' “Creating New Ways of Being and Relating,” a synthesis of British Object Relations and American Relational contributions to theory and practice, the author suggests that Relational Clinical Theory constitued from the beginning an integration of theories that included Independent thinking. This integration of American Interpersonal and British Object Relations thinking included the facilitation within the psychoanalytic relationship of the emergence of potential space and the possibility of regression, which added several new dimensions to the clinical armamentarium of the generally more interactive Interpersonal approach as it was defined before the emergence of the synthesis that came to be called “Relational.” The implications of the synthesis of Interpersonal and Object Relations thinking in American Relational Psychoanalysis are explored in relation to both contemporary clinical theory and technique. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this discussion I address some of the ways in which psychoanalytic theory and technique have advanced, taking as my starting point Dr. Summers' chosen schools of thought. I then go on to elaborate what I see as a difference in our understanding of Philip Bromberg's and Donnel Stern's ideas about therapeutic action, suggesting that they actually contribute in bolstering Summers' argument. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An essay on the collaborative conservation and the experience of three teams that worked with the Malay and Iban communities to manage the tropical forest area in Danau Sentarum National Park, Indonesia is presented. It discusses the relations between conservation workers and communities which reportedly revealed the importance of social capital for conservation success. The authors contend that the characters of individual people affects the outcome of a conservation effort in any area.

The self is a social self to begin with. The research reviewed indicates that, from infancy, innately given brain processes support social reciprocity and the development of “we-ness.” Implications for psychoanalysis and needs for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vulvodynia is a prevalent vulvovaginal pain condition that interferes with women's psychological health. Given the central role of sexuality and relationships in vulvodynia, relationship satisfaction may be an important moderator of daily partner responses to this pain and associated negative sequelae, such as depression. Sixty-nine women (M age=28.12 years, SD=6.68) with vulvodynia and their cohabiting partners (M age=29.67 years, SD=8.10) reported their daily relationship satisfaction, and male partner responses on sexual intercourse days (M=3.74, SD=2.47) over 8 weeks. Women also reported their depressive symptoms. Relationship satisfaction on the preceding day moderated the associations between partner responses and women's depressive symptoms in several significant ways: (1) On days after women reported higher relationship satisfaction than usual, their perception of greater facilitative male partner responses was associated with their decreased depression; (2) on days after women reported lower relationship satisfaction than usual, their perception of greater negative male partner responses was associated with their increased depression; (3) on days after men reported higher relationship satisfaction than usual, their self-reported higher negative responses were associated with decreased women's depression, and higher solicitous responses were associated with increased women's depression, whereas (4) on days after men reported lower relationship satisfaction than usual, their self-reported higher negative responses were related to increased women's depression, and higher solicitous responses were associated with decreased women's depression. Targeting partner responses and relationship satisfaction may enhance the quality of interventions aimed at reducing depression in women with vulvodynia., (Copyright © 2014 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

High school student aspirations about living well (N = 190) were compared to those of middle school respondents (N = 187). Building on the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations, the middle school Variable Concept Indicator Model was expanded to reflect high school aspirations. Gender differences and developmental changes in the aspirations between middle school and high school students were evident. Male students became decidedly more extrinsic while the aspirations of their female counterparts grew to be more intrinsic. In both samples extrinsic adolescents were highly unrealistic about the true cost of expensive personal possessions, making them vulnerable to unsound financial practices and strained interpersonal relationships. When student and client aspirations are addressed educational and practitioner interventions may be more successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The termination process begins while the analytic couple is preparing together to end treatment. Mourning the loss and binding the edges of the analytic relationship proceed within each participant after they no longer meet. Many of our common termination practices, however, undermine the patient's leave taking and endanger the positive internal object relationship that we hope our patient will carry into the future. Traditional teachings about how to practice termination, based on one-person psychology and classical principles of anonymity, abstinence, and neutrality, must change to reflect newer ideas about how analysis works. I propose that we think of termination as both a death and a graduation. I suggest ways in which the analyst might engage with the patient in mourning together. I stress the critical importance of follow-up sessions in which unanticipated negative reactions to the termination might be examined before the analytic tapestry has a chance to unravel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this commentary, I argue that if humor is to be considered in an intersubjective context, the impact of any comment or action by analyst or patient cannot be predicted with much confidence. An interaction that is experienced by both parties as humorous depends on an unconscious confluence that is largely spontaneous. Efforts to orchestrate a particular outcome to an intervention that is meant to be humorous may well reveal more than was intended, and thus have an unpredictable unconscious resonance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I add a developmental perspective to the picture Roth and Freedgood have elaborated regarding the significance of surfaces. With Roth's attention to the analytic couple and adult intersubjective interaction, I include the mother-infant dyad—what I have written about, following Winnicott, as the "nursing couple." I now employ Meltzer's evocative concept regarding the aesthetic impact of the mother. From this perspective regarding the early maternal relation, I then address the anxieties that Freedgood, especially, highlights in relation to culture and gender. I emphasize that we communicate to and with a maternal object that is herself a complex object both in her surface and in her interior. I contend that jewelry is a concrete representation of the mother's most interesting bodily surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]