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High economic and tourism growth demand extensive energy production that needs the energy creation industry's attention and demands the researchers' and policymakers' emphasis. Hence, the present study examines the impact of economic and tourism growth on renewable energy production (REP) in Vietnam. The present research has taken the gross domestic product (GDP), exports, human capital, and employment rate to measure the economic growth, while international tourism receipts and expenditures have been used to measure the tourism growth. The secondary data have been extracted from 1983 to 2020 using World Development Indicators (WDI) database. The Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (NARDL) model has been applied to investigate the linkage between the constructs. The findings indicated that GDP, exports, human capital, employment rate, international tourism receipts, and expenditures have a significant and positive relationship with REP in Vietnam. These results guide the regulators while making regulations related to the extensive energy production in return for high economic and tourism growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study attempts to understand the contribution of international tourism on economic growth at a sub-national level (i.e. for Kerala) of the Indian economy. By exercising Johansen cointegration test and Vector Error Correction Model on the annual data from 1980 to 2017, it reveals the existence of a positive long-run association between tourism and economic growth. It finds that an increase of Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTA) by 1% leads to almost a same percentage increase in Gross State Domestic Product (by 0.97%) in the long-run. Thus, it suggests that tourism has a significant potential of unleashing the economic growth of Kerala and this is found to be robust with the use of alternative econometric estimation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the global economy, tourism is one of the most important sectors, having a multiplier effect on the other branches of the national economy. The increase in tourist arrivals and implicitly the receipts from tourism can have a positive effect on nations, especially on the Gross Domestic Product and employment. Tourism is a key sector of the national economy of Greece. This study analyzes the impact of tourism on economic growth and employment in Greece, for the analyzed period 1995-2019. The regression analysis we made shows that there is a strong long-term relationship between tourism development and economic growth, respectively employment in Greece, suggesting that the policy makers in this country need to further promote economic policy measures to support this important sector of the national economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article expounds one of the first attempts to explore the relationship between tourist arrivals and gross domestic product (GDP) in Montenegro and Slovenia. Both countries are newcomers on the tourist destinations map, derived from what was previously Yugoslav republics existing as a singular emerging tourist destination. Data vector for empirical analysis covers quarterly change of GDP at constant prices and monthly data for tourist arrivals during January 2010 – December 2019 as an endogenous variable. The cointegration is used in the modelling structure. The empirical results confirm research hypothesis of uni-causal relationship of economic growth-led domestic tourism growth in Montenegro and one cointegrated vector. No cointegration vector was confirmed for Slovenia. These results are important for research, policymakers and tourism practice. Considering that, tourism and economic growth have a different distribution of causalities during the expansion period with a boost of tourist arrivals and vice versa during the economic downturn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study critically examines the impact of institutional quality within foreign direct investment-financial development-international tourist arrival nexus for selected MENA countries. The dynamic pool mean group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is employed for the empirical data analysis from 2012 to 2018. The findings reveal that institutional quality has a positive impact in FDI and real GDP model. Contrarily, it has adverse effect in the model of financial development and international tourist arrival overtime. Hence in the short-run, financial development and real GDP vary inversely moreover international tourist arrival and financial development varies directly. The multivariate panel causality test reveals 4 significant uni-directional causalities. The robust finding suggests institutional policy measures to enhance FDI and international tourist arrival, and the deepening of financial development to stimulate and enhance economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we for the first time applied the vector error correction model (VECM) Granger causality approach to investigate the short-run and long-run causal relationships among tourism, economic growth, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for 30 Chinese provinces over the period 2000–2017. The results implied that the analyzed variables became stationary at their first differences. The panel cointegration tests indicated the presence of a long-term equilibrium relationship among these four analyzed variables. Results from the VECM Granger causality tests suggested that the bidirectional short-term causalities were statistically confirmed between gross domestic product (GDP) and tourism. Additionally, we found that some unidirectional short-run causalities existed running from energy consumption to other analyzed variables and bidirectional long-run causalities existed between CO2 emissions and GDP, CO2 emissions and tourism, and GDP and tourism. Moreover, we also found the existence of unidirectional long-term causalities running from energy consumption to other analyzed variables. Based on these findings, we highlighted some key policy implications to develop China's sustainable tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By applying threshold analysis and quantile regression techniques, we investigate the linearity of the relationship between tourism receipts and economic growth. We find that a threshold exists, below and above which the relationship between tourism receipts and economic growth changes. In our sample, the threshold for tourism receipts is at 3.82% of gross domestic product. Specifically, our findings suggest that tourism receipts have a more pronounced effect on economic growth below the threshold than above the threshold. From the quantile regression analysis, we further find that countries have greater benefits from tourism at lower levels of economic growth. Thus, policy makers designing tourism policy may consider that the marginal benefit of tourism on growth wanes beyond certain levels in spite of the fact that tourism receipts are an important driver of economic growth at all levels of growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine whether there is a causal relationship between migration-related fear and tourism. To achieve the objective, a lag-augmented vector autoregressive (LA-VAR) model that generates country-specific causality test results is employed. The period covered extends from 1995Q1 to 2016Q4. To control for omitted variable bias, we include real gross domestic product per capita as an additional variable. Empirical results provide evidence of one-way causality running from migration-related fear to tourism, and neutrality hypothesis is confirmed in the relationship between migration-related fear and economic growth, and between tourism and economic growth. Although the study confirms the fear-induced tourism hypothesis, it however further submits that other determinants such as exchange rates and real gross domestic product are much more important than fear in determining the number of arrivals at a destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is one of the fastest growing nations in the world with ample scope for renewable energy. Nevertheless, challenges in expansion of renewable energy consumption have resulted in pollutant emissions continuing to be a noteworthy environmental concern in India. This paper investigates the relationship between energy consumption, CO2 emissions, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and international tourist arrivals in India during 1991-2018, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag and Vector Error Correction Model frameworks. This study extends the Indian literature on economic growth, energy consumption, and pollutant emissions nexus by including tourism, an energy-intensive industry in the model specification. Results reveal that energy consumption and tourism positively contribute to CO2 emissions. A long-run unidirectional causality running from energy consumption, GDP, GDP2, and tourist arrivals towards CO2 emissions is observed. Our results suggest that sustainable tourism, energy consumption, and economic growth should be at the forefront of the economic development agenda of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of tourism is usually associated, in positive terms, with economic development, foreign currency inflows, employment opportunities, infrastructure improvements, sustainable development and poverty alleviation. However, the nature of the tourism-growth relationship is still a matter of academic debate, and, perhaps, an expression of the inconsistencies and contradictions of public policies designed to support this industry. Researchers and practitioners have not yet come to an agreement on a number of fundamental questions: does tourism stimulate economic growth or the converse, and whether the causality, if it does exist, is uni or bidirectional, is constant or can change its direction in the medium - or long run. The present paper investigates the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and international tourism in Romania, over the 1995-2016 period. Our results show that the causal effect of the GDP on the international tourist arrivals and on the international tourism receipts is significant in the long run in Romania. In the short-run, we find a unidirectional causal relationship from the international tourism receipts to GDP, and a bidirectional causal relationship between GDP and the number of international tourist arrivals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]