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This paper presents a comprehensive study and analysis of the intelligent grouping of papers in adult higher education using a random matrix approach. Using the results of random matrix theory on the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix, the energy of each subspace is estimated, and the estimated energy is then used to construct a subspace weighting matrix. The statistical properties of the sample covariance matrix eigenvectors are analyzed using the first-order perturbation approximation, and then, asymptotic results from random matrix theory on the projection of the sample covariance matrix signal subspace to the real signal parametrization are used to obtain the weighting matrix based on the random matrix eigenvectors. Dynamic adjustment according to the fitness of individuals in the population is performed to ensure population diversity, while the combination of the small habitat technique can avoid the algorithm from falling into early convergence. The algorithm introduces chaos theory to optimize the population initialization process and uses the dynamic traversal randomness of chaos to select individuals in the population so that the initial population is close to the desired target solution. The design of the fitness function in the genetic algorithm generally maps the objective function of the problem to the fitness function. A good fitness function can directly reflect the quality of the individuals in the group. Based on the in-depth study of the basic attributes of the test questions and the principles of test paper evaluation, the mathematical model and objective function of intelligent paper grouping are determined by the difficulty, knowledge points, and cognitive level of the test questions as the main constraints, and NCAGA is applied to the intelligent paper grouping method, which better completes the intelligent paper grouping session for the computer system architecture course. In the process of designing the intelligent grouping algorithm, for the situations of premature convergence and convergence to locally optimal solutions that easily occur in the traditional genetic algorithm, this paper adopts the approach of adaptive adjustment of crossover probability and variation probability to improve the algorithm and achieves satisfactory results. Based on extensive business research, this paper completes the requirement analysis of the online practice system based on the intelligent grouping of papers and presents the functional design and database design of the key functional modules in the system in detail. Finally, this paper conducts functional tests on the system and analyses the test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have been teaching undergraduate computer architecture since 2012 in an unconventional way. Most undergraduate computer architecture courses are based on microprocessors, and they quickly move into advanced topics such as instruction pipelining, forwarding, branch prediction, cache, and even memory management unit. We instead spend only the last one-third of our course on these topics. The first two thirds of the course is devoted to microcontrollers, i.e., simple-minded processors with no memory hierarchy, no branch prediction, sometimes even no pipelining. Our claim is that it is very hard to truly grasp the advanced topics without full grasp of the basics. Equipped with the above approach, this article comes up with an all-inclusive list of crucial topics for computer architecture education, and it surveys 25 computer architecture textbooks as well as 38 computer architecture education papers to see how much they cover these topics. In addition to that, the article contains a concise description of the perspective of our course. One of the pillars of our course is a working CPU on FPGA. We have so far had around 600 students design their own unique CPUs using Verilog given a complete instruction set, close to 70% of them with complete success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Human social relationships imply conforming to the norms, behaviors, and cultural values of the society, but also socialization of emotions, to learn how to interpret and show them. In multiagent systems, much progress has been made in the analysis and interpretation of both emotions and norms. Nonetheless, the relationship between emotions and norms has hardly been considered and most normative agents do not consider emotions, or vice-versa. In this article, we provide an overview of relevant aspects within the area of normative agents and emotional agents. First we focus on the concept of norm, the different types of norms, its life cycle and a review of multiagent normative systems. Second, we present the most relevant theories of emotions, the life cycle of an agent’s emotions, and how emotions have been included through computational models in multiagent systems. Next, we present an analysis of proposals that integrate emotions and norms in multiagent systems. From this analysis, four relationships are detected between norms and emotions, which we analyze in detail and discuss how these relationships have been tackled in the reviewed proposals. Finally, we present a proposal for an abstract architecture of a Normative Emotional Agent that covers these four norm-emotion relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Today, the increased number of Internet-connected smart devices require powerful computer processing servers such as cloud and fog and necessitate fulfilling requests and services more than ever before. The geographical distance of IoT devices to fog and cloud servers have turned issues such as delay and energy consumption into major challenges. However, fog computing technology has emerged as a promising technology in this field. Methods: In this paper, service/energy management approaches are generally surveyed. Then, we explain our motivation for the systematic literature review procedure (SLR) and how to select the related works. Results: This paper introduces four domains of service management and energy management, including Architecture, Resource Management, Scheduling management, and Service Management. Scheduling management has been used in 38% of the papers. Therefore, they have the highest service management and energy management. Also, Resource Management is the second domain that has been able to attract about 26% of the papers in service management and energy management. Conclusion: About 81% of the fog computing papers simulated their approaches, and the others implemented their schemes using a testbed in the real environment. Furthermore, 30% of the papers presented an architecture or framework for their research, along with their research. In this systematic literature review, papers have been extracted from five valid databases, including IEEE Xplore, Wiley, Science Direct (Elsevier), Springer Link, and Taylor & Francis, from 2013 to 2022. We obtained 1596 papers related to the discussed subject. We filtered them and achieved 47 distinct studies. In the following, we analyze and discuss these studies; then we review the parameters of service quality in the papers, and ultimately, we present the benefits, drawbacks, and innovations of each study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a Scientometrics mapping of papers published inJournal of Computer Science and Technology, during 2012 to 2016 as reflected in Web of Science database. It attempts to analyze the growth and development of publications output of Journal of Computer Science and Technologyas reflected. Data for a total of 485 have been downloaded and analysed according to objectives. The study reveals thatThe year wise growth rate revel that highest no. papers published in 2015, No. of Papers: 106 (21.86%) Authorship pattern data reveals that most of the authors like to publish papers in collaborations and most preferred authorship pattern was four author i.e. no. publications for four authors were 125 (25.77 %). The Degree of Collaboration (DC) revel that DC is found highest in 0.95 Co-Authored Publication. The highly prolific authors and their publications revel that Zhang L, published highest numbers of papers (11 nos.), the geographical distribution contributions (International) is revel that Peoples R China is in the top with no. of publications is 371 (76.50%), it is found from institutionwise distribution of papers that highest contributed institutions was Chinese Academy of Sciences with 93 Publications (19.18%) is placed at 1st rank and the average of citations per year (2012-2016) were 205. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Curved-line folding, the act of folding paper along a pattern of curved lines to obtain a 3D shape, is an interesting starting-point for the design of innovative pliable structures. There exists a kinematic connection between two surfaces linked through a curved crease that can be used to generate a folding motion. However, due to the interdependency of geometry, forces and material properties the design of pliable structures based on curved-line folding is very complex. To facilitate the design process, adequate computational modelling methods are essential. This paper presents two ways of modelling: a geometric modelling method based on discretisation of the crease pattern and a method based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The proposed methods are validated by means of a case study in which a physical model is compared to digital ones. It can be concluded that the method based on FEA corresponds very well with the physical model, proving its potential. The accuracy of the geometric modelling is improved by the introduction of a set of guidelines based on the direction of the principal bending moments in the pliable structure. Furthermore, the case study exposes how the material-dependent behaviour of pliable structures increases the complexity of the design and should certainly be part of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report describes The University of Texas Student Cluster Competition team’s effort to reproduce the results of “MemXCT: memory-centric X-ray CT reconstruction with massive parallelization” (Hidayetoğlu et al., 2019). The article details a new memory-centric approach that reconstructs X-ray computed tomography (XCT) from noisy raw data. In our reproduction experiments, we utilized Microsoft Azure’s CycleCloud tool to provision, orchestrate, and manage our computing cluster in the cloud. In particular, we scheduled and benchmarked reconstruction workloads using Azure’s CPU-based HC44rs and GPU-based NC12s v2 virtual machine (VM) types to evaluate the scalability properties of the reconstruction approach and the performance differences between architectures. The HC44rs VMs contained 44 Intel Xeon Platinum cores, while the NC12s v2 VM was equipped with two NVIDIA P100 GPUs. We used a recent version of Intel’s compiler stack with the MKL library for our CPU code along with CUDA 11.1 on GPUs. Overall, our results confirm the findings of the original article, demonstrating similar acceleration on GPUs and scalability properties on CPUs. Digital artifacts from these experiments are available at: 10.5281/zenodo.5598108 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The guest editors introduce the Top Picks and Honorable Mentions from the 2016 computer architecture conferences. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This column discusses two awards given in 2014: the International Symposium on Computer Architecture Influential Paper Award, which was given to the authors of the paper "PipeRench: A Coprocessor for Streaming Multimedia Acceleration," and the Maurice Wilkes Award, which was given to Ravi Rajwar. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The objective of the work reported in this paper is to improve a 4-bit softcore processor previously designed in Verilog language, keeping its compact size. This processor was thought to be used as academic and didactic tool for teaching as computers architecture subject as digital circuits subject in the technology faculty of the Universidad Distrital. The new features include arithmetic instruction with input carry, BCD operations enabling, rotating instructions, implementation of input and output register banks, increase of the number of general purpose registers of the data memory, and the reduction of the execution clock cycles per instruction. Additionally, the assembler software was enabled to support macro-instructions to make easy the comprehension of some composed functions. As result, a very compact softcore processor was obtained, by means of a Verilog description done in a single file. This implementation occupies only the 2% of the medium-size FPGA used for the application, reaching a maximum possible working clock frequency of 929 Mhz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a smart and embedded multi-touch system for consumer electronics. The infrared (IR) camera is utilized to capture the coordinate of the IR blob from IR stylus or human finger in an emitted IR field. This system allows the consumer to easily convert large surface, projector screen, or conference table into multi-touch interface. The keystone distortion of IR camera is compensated by using homography. To improve the user experience, the calibration of homography is automatically triggered by accelerometer sensor. The special purpose (SP) processor with the parallel COordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) architecture computes the observation-to-track association, and the computation result updates the motion status of each tracked trajectory. These motion data support the multi-touch tracking system to evaluate the sliding window of each tracked trajectory for reducing the tracking error. Additionally, the motion data are reused by the adaptive trajectory estimation (TE) system to smooth the touch trajectory and mitigate the measurement noise. This research presents multiple autonomous functions to provide a user-friendly multi-touch interface for consumer electronics. These include the automatic calibration system, the multi-touch tracking architecture with motion estimation system, and the adaptive TE system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This column discusses the 2015 ISCA Influential Paper Award, which recognized "Wattch: A Framework for Architectural-Level Power Analysis and Optimizations" by David Brooks, Vivek Tiwari, and Margaret Martonosi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the 2017 ACM SIGARCH/IEEE-CS TCCA Influential ISCA Paper Award, which was given to the 2002 ISCA paper, “Drowsy Caches: Simple Techniques for Reducing Leakage Power.” [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every year, the International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA) recognizes the most influential paper published in the conference 15 years earlier, based on its impact on research, development, products, or ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present User Customizable Logic Paper (UCLP) with a Sea-of Transmission-Gates (SOTG) of 2-V organic CMOS transistors. This can enable users to fabricate custom integrated circuits, by printing 200 \mu\ m wide interconnects with at-home ink-jet printers for the prototyping of large-area electronics and educational purposes. The SOTG reduces the area of the circuits in UCLP by between 11% and 85% compared with a conventional gate array architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While graphics remain central to the mission of the article titled "NVIDIA A100 Tensor Core GPU: Performance and Innovation", GPUs have becomethedefaultforhighperformanceandprogrammability in one solution, supporting a huge variety of scientific computing workloads and powering both neuralnetworktrainingandinference. GUESTEDITORS'INTRODUCTION BestPapersFromHotChips32 Priyanka Raina,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA,94305,USA CliffYoung,Google,PaloAlto,CA,94306,USA W elcome toour specialissue of IEEE Micro, which highlights the best presentations from Hot Chips 32, held virtually on August 16-18, 2020. Bridging between the general-purpose floatingpoint power of GPUs and the specialized application focus of neural network accelerators, "Manticore: A 4096-Core RISC-V Chiplet Architecture for Ultraefficient Floating-Point Computing" uses the extensibility of the RISC-V ISA to reduce control overheads and energycostsforneural-networkworkloads. [Extracted from the article]

This column discusses the MICRO Test of Time Award, given to the most influential papers published in past MICRO conferences. The authors discuss the selection process for 2014 and the future, solicit nominations for 2015, and announce the 2014 award winners. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

While working with usual software tools users have to change their many valued logical thinking (approximate reasoning) into the two-valued computer logic. Although the Structured Query Language (SQL) is a very powerful tool, it is unable to satisfy needs for data selection based on linguistic expressions and degrees of truth. In this paper, we are interested in flexible querying that is based on fuzzy set theory. Medina et al. have developed a server named fuzzy SQL, supporting flexible queries and based on a theoretic model called GEFRED. To model the flexible queries and the concept of fuzzy attributes, an extension of the SQL language named fuzzy SQL has been defined. The FRDB supposed has already been defined by the user. In this paper, we extend the work of medina et al. to implement a new architecture of fuzzy DBMS based on the GEFRED model. This architecture is based on the concept of weak coupling with the DBMS SQL Server. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present the current version of the Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM) whose core has been developed at the Institute of Meteorology and Climatology at Leibniz Universität Hannover (Germany). PALM is a Fortran 95-based code with some Fortran 2003 extensions and has been applied for the simulation of a variety of atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for more than 15 years. PALM is optimized for use on massively parallel computer architectures and was recently ported to general-purpose graphics processing units. In the present paper we give a detailed description of the current version of the model and its features, such as an embedded Lagrangian cloud model and the possibility to use Cartesian topography. Moreover, we discuss recent model developments and future perspectives for LES applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This column discusses the winner of the 2012 International Symposium on Computer Architecture Influential Paper Award. It describes, from the point of view of the chair of the committee, what makes the paper influential. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper considers sparse device activity detection for cellular machine-type communications with non-orthogonal signatures using the approximate message passing algorithm. This paper compares two network architectures, massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and cooperative MIMO, in terms of their effectiveness in overcoming inter-cell interference. In the massive MIMO architecture, each base station (BS) detects only the users from its own cell while treating inter-cell interference as noise. In the cooperative MIMO architecture, each BS detects the users from neighboring cells as well; the detection results are then forwarded in the form of a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) to a central unit where final decisions are made. This paper analytically characterizes the probabilities of false alarm and missed detection for both architectures. The numerical results validate the analytic characterization and show that as the number of antennas increases, a massive MIMO system effectively drives the detection error to zero, while as the cooperation size increases, the cooperative MIMO architecture mainly improves the cell-edge user performance. Moreover, this paper studies the effect of LLR quantization to account for the finite-capacity fronthaul. The numerical simulations of a practical scenario suggest that in specific case cooperating three BSs in a cooperative MIMO system achieves about the same cell-edge detection reliability as a non-cooperative massive MIMO system with four times the number of antennas per BS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A. Kireeva et al. contributed another paper in the field of cellular automata: "Parallel simulation of drift-diffusion-recombination by cellular automata and global random walk algorithm". Parallel computing technologies enable the solution of large-scale numerical simulation and data processing problems in science and industry. The previously proposed contention-aware scheduling algorithm is formally described with this model, modifications of the algorithm are proposed: look-ahead technique, chunked data transfers, data caching, and peer-to-peer data transfers. [Extracted from the article]