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Purpose Overactive bladder syndrome is defined as urinary urgency, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence in the absence of urinary tract infection or another obvious pathological condition. Electronic questionnaires have been used in a few specialties with the hope of improving treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. However, they have not been widely used in the urological field. When treating overactive bladder, the main outcome is to improve patient quality of life. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether electronic questionnaires would be equally accepted as or preferred to paper questionnaires. The secondary objective was to look at the preference in relation to patient age, education and iPad® tablet familiarity. Materials and Methods We prospectively evaluated the iList® electronic questionnaire application using a friendly iPad tablet in patients with overactive bladder who presented to the urology clinic at our institution. Each of the 80 patients who were recruited randomly completed the validated OABSS (Overactive Bladder Symptom Score) and the PPBC (Patient Perception of Bladder Condition) questionnaires in paper and electronic format on the tablet. Variables potentially associated with the outcomes of interest included demographic data, questionnaire method preference, patient response rate and iPad familiarity. We used the 2-sided Z-test to determine whether the proportion of patients who considered the tablet to be the same, better or much better than paper was significantly greater than 50%. The 2-sided chi-square test was applied to assess whether the intervention effect significantly differed among the demographic subgroups. Results A total of 80 patients 21 to 87 years old were enrolled in the study from November 2015 to August 2016. Of the patients 53% were female and 49% were 65 years or younger. The incidence of those who considered the tablet to be the same or better than paper was 82.5% (95% CI 74.2–90.8, p <0.001). The incidence of patients who considered the tablet to be the same or better than paper ranged from 76% to 97% regardless of age, gender and education subgroup as well as in those with any familiarity with the tablet (each p <0.001). Of the 20 patients who were not familiar with the tablet 45% preferred the electronic questionnaire (p = 0.654). Conclusions We found that the proportion of patients who considered electronic questionnaires to be equivalent to or better than paper versions was higher than those who preferred paper questionnaires regardless of age, gender or education level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sterile gauze is one of dispossable medical tools commonly used in healthcare facilities. The sterility of gauze can be affected by several factors including packaging technique. Objective: to determine the sterility of gauze packed in one layer and three layer of parchment paper. Methods: a quasi-experimental design. The sample were 60 gauzes packed in one layer parchment paper and 60 gauze packed in three layers of parchment paper stored in the ER RSND. The sterility of gauze tested were assessed at week 0, 2, and 4. The differences between groups were analyzed using Chi-square test at 95% confidence intervals. Results: There was no significant difference in sterility among gauzes packed in one layer of parchment paper between week 0, 1,4 (p = 0.126). There was no significant difference in sterility among gauzes packed in 3 layers of parchment paper between week 0, 1,4 weeks (p = 0.675). There was a significant difference in sterility between gauze packed in 1 and 3 perchment paper (p = 0.002). Conclusions: There was a significant difference in sterility of gauze packed in 1 parchment paper 1 layer and 3 layers based on growth of microorganisms. The gauze packed in one layer of parchment paper is more sterile than that of in three layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]