7,269 results
Search Results
2. Critically appraised paper: Hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy including lower extremities (HABIT-ILE) improves bi-manual performance and gross motor function in pre-school children with unilateral cerebral palsy [synopsis].
- Author
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Milne N
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Preschool, Child, Upper Extremity, Hand, Lower Extremity, Habits, Cerebral Palsy therapy
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The efficacy of appropriate paper-based technology for Kenyan children with cerebral palsy.
- Author
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Barton C, Buckley J, Samia P, Williams F, Taylor SR, and Lindoewood R
- Subjects
- Child, Dimaprit analogs & derivatives, Humans, Kenya, Pilot Projects, Technology, Cerebral Palsy
- Abstract
Purpose: Appropriate paper-based technology (APT) is used to provide postural support for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-resourced settings. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the impact of APT on the children's and families' lives., Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of children with CP and their families participated. Inclusion was based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV and V. APT seating or standing frames were provided for six months. A mixed methods impact of APT devices on the children and families included the Family Impact Assistive Technology Scale for Adaptive Seating (FIATS-AS); the Child Engagement in Daily Life (CEDL) questionnaire; and a qualitative assessment from diary/log and semi-structured interviews., Results: Ten children (median 3 years, range 9 months to 7 years). Baseline to follow-up median (IQR) FIATS-AS were: 22.7 (9.3) and 30.3 (10.2), respectively ( p =.002). Similarly mean (SD) CEDL scores for "frequency" changed from 30.5 (13.2) to 42.08 (5.96) ( p =.021) and children's enjoyment scores from 2.23 (0.93) to 2.91 (0.79) ( p =.019). CEDL questionnaire for self-care was not discriminatory; seven families scored zero at both baseline and 6 months. Qualitative interviews revealed three key findings; that APT improved functional ability, involvement/interaction in daily-life situations, and a reduced family burden of care., Conclusions: APT devices used in Kenyan children with non-ambulant CP had a meaningful positive effect on both the children's and their families' lives.Implications for rehabilitationAssistive devices are often unobtainable for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-income countries.APT is a low cost and sustainable solution to make seating and standing devices for disabled children in Kenya.The regular use of a postural support device enhanced the children's motor skills, ability to function and participate in everyday activities, reduced the burden of care for the families and promoted the children's social interaction.The postural support devices were highly valued and utilised by the children and families in this study.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Thinking outside the cardboard box: insights from a course to train rural Kenyans to make postural support devices from appropriate paper-based technology (APT) for children with cerebral palsy.
- Author
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Lindoewood R, Bracegirdle C, Samia P, Westmacott J, and Lindoewood P
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Humans, Kenya, Middle Aged, Paper, Rural Population, Young Adult, Cerebral Palsy rehabilitation, Disabled Children rehabilitation, Education methods, Equipment Design, Posture, Self-Help Devices
- Abstract
Purpose: Suitable assistive devices for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-income countries are often unavailable. Devices made from APT are in use in several countries but are unevaluated. Materials and methods: A 2-week training course focused on APT principles, measuring children and constructing postural support devices. Twenty-three Kenyans attended the course. The host organization identified four local children with CP who attended for assessment and measurement. Participants made the devices and children returned for fitting and necessary adjustment. Completion of post-course forms, action plans, visits after 14 months and contact 3 years later comprised the evaluation. Results: All participants found the course beneficial and valued the networking opportunity provided. They appreciated the practicality and utility of locally manufactured cost effective devices. The trainees planned further implementation to provide assistive devices for children with CP in their localities. Follow-up visits revealed several challenges to local ongoing production. Conclusions: Training people in low-income communities to make bespoke assistive devices for children with CP is straightforward, and the course was positively evaluated. However, maintaining device production is limited without local group support and stable leadership, ideally as part of an existing programme.Implications for rehabilitationAssistive devices are often unobtainable for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-income countries.APT is a cost effective way of fulfilling this need and it is relatively straightforward to train people who care for or work with those with CP to make devices using APT.Feedback from APT training suggests participants find the technique a practical way of producing assistive equipment for individuals with CP in their community.Maintaining device production requires support, leadership and increased public awareness of the use of APT at a local level.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Critically appraised paper: A task-specific sit-to-stand training program for children with cerebral palsy improves mobility and self-care function [synopsis].
- Author
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Spittle A
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Self Care, Cerebral Palsy, Resistance Training
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Critically appraised paper: A task-specific sit-to-stand training program for children with cerebral palsy improves mobility and self-care function [commentary].
- Author
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Toovey R
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Self Care, Cerebral Palsy, Resistance Training
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Evidence-based position paper on the professional practice of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine for persons with cerebral palsy. The European PRM position (UEMS PRM section).
- Author
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Hornáček K, Kujawa J, Varela Donoso E, Dincer F, Ilieva E, Takáč P, Petronic Markovic I, Votava J, Vetra A, Nikolic D, Christodoulou N, Zampolini M, and Kiekens C
- Subjects
- Europe, Humans, Professional Practice, Cerebral Palsy, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
- Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of the most common developmental disorders affecting movement and posture of the body, causing activity limitations and participation restrictions. The motor disorders of persons with CP are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, cognition, communication and perception. The symptoms of CP are very diverse and persons with CP are usually presented with a mixed type of symptoms. The non-progressive disturbances can be attributed to disorders that were developed during pregnancy, birth and/or infant stage. The aim of this study was to improve physicians' professional practice of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine for persons with cerebral palsy in order to improve their functionality, social and community integration, and to reduce activity limitations and/or participation restrictions. A systematic review of the literature including an 18-year period and consensus procedure by means of a Delphi process was performed and involved the delegates of all European countries represented in the Union of European Medical Specialists Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (UEMS PRM) Section. As the result of a Consensus Delphi procedure, 74 recommendations are presented together with the systematic literature review. The PRM physician's role for persons with cerebral palsy is to lead and coordinate the multiprofessional team, working in an interdisciplinary way. They should propose and manage the complex but individual PRM program developed in conjunction with other health professionals, medical specialists and importantly in agreement with the patient, their family and care giver. This should be, according to the specific medical diagnosis to improve patients' health, functioning, social and education status, considering all impairments, comorbidities and complications, activity limitations and participation restrictions. This evidence-based position paper is representing the official position of The European Union through the UEMS PRM Section and designates the professional role of PRM physicians in persons with cerebral palsy.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Critically appraised paper: A program of functional electrical stimulation cycling, goal-directed training and adapted cycling improves gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy [commentary].
- Author
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Gibson N
- Subjects
- Child, Electric Stimulation, Exercise Therapy, Goals, Humans, Motor Skills, Cerebral Palsy
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Critically appraised paper: A program of functional electrical stimulation cycling, goal-directed training and adapted cycling improves gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy [synopsis].
- Author
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Spittle A
- Subjects
- Child, Electric Stimulation, Exercise Therapy, Goals, Humans, Motor Skills, Cerebral Palsy therapy
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Critically appraised paper: Participation-focused therapy for children with cerebral palsy improves perception of leisure-time physical activity goal performance, satisfaction and confidence [commentary].
- Author
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Verschuren O
- Subjects
- Child, Exercise, Goals, Humans, Leisure Activities, Personal Satisfaction, Cerebral Palsy
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Critically appraised paper: Participation-focused therapy for children with cerebral palsy improves perception of leisure-time physical activity goal performance, satisfaction and confidence [synopsis].
- Author
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Spittle A
- Subjects
- Child, Exercise, Goals, Humans, Leisure Activities, Personal Satisfaction, Cerebral Palsy
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. ESMAC BEST PAPER 2017: Using machine learning to overcome challenges in GMFCS level assignment.
- Author
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Schwartz MH and Munger ME
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Skills, Retrospective Studies, Activities of Daily Living classification, Cerebral Palsy classification, Machine Learning, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Abstract
We used the random forest classifier to predict Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-IV from patient reported abilities recorded on the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ). The classifier exhibited outstanding accuracy across GMFCS levels I-IV, with 83%-91% true positive rate (TPR), area under the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve greater than 0.96 for all levels, and misclassification by more than one level only occurring 1.2% of the time. This new approach to GMFCS level assignment overcomes several difficulties with the current method: (i) it is based on a broad spectrum of functional abilities, (ii) it resolves functional ability profiles that conflict with existing GMFCS level definitions, (iii) it is based entirely on self-reported abilities, and (iv) it removes complex age dependence. Further work is needed to examine inter-center differences in classifier performance-which would most likely reflect interpretive differences in GMFCS level definitions between centers., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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13. FNIRS based study of brain network characteristics in children with cerebral palsy during bilateral lower limb movement.
- Author
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Xie P, Nie Z, Zhang T, Xu G, Sun A, Chen T, and Lv Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Male, Female, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain physiopathology, Nerve Net physiopathology, Nerve Net diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Palsy physiopathology, Cerebral Palsy diagnostic imaging, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared methods, Lower Extremity physiopathology, Lower Extremity diagnostic imaging, Movement
- Abstract
Background: Motor dysfunctions in children with cerebral palsy (CP) are caused by nonprogressive brain damage. Understanding the functional characteristics of the brain is important for rehabilitation., Purpose: This paper aimed to study the brain networks of children with CP during bilateral lower limb movement using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and to explore effective fNIRS indices for reflecting functional brain activity., Methods: Using fNIRS, cerebral oxygenation signals in the bilateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC/RPFC) and motor cortex (LMC/RMC) were recorded from fifteen children with spastic CP and seventeen children with typical development (CTDs) in the resting state and during bilateral lower limb movement. Functional connectivity matrices based on phase-locking values (PLVs) were calculated using Hilbert transformation, and binary networks were constructed at different sparsity levels. Network metrics such as the clustering coefficient, global efficiency, local efficiency, and transitivity were calculated. Furthermore, the time-varying curves of network metrics during movement were obtained by dividing the time window and using sparse inverse covariance matrices. Finally, conditional Granger causality (GC) was used to explore the causal relationships between different brain regions., Results: Compared to CTDs, the connectivity between RMC-RPFC (p = 0.017) and RMC-LMC (p = 0.002) in the brain network was decreased in children with CP, and the clustering coefficient (p = 0.003), global efficiency (p = 0.034), local efficiency (p = 0.015), and transitivity (p = 0.009) were significantly lower. The standard deviation of the changes in global efficiency of children with CP during motion was also greater than that of CTDs. Using GC, it was found that there was a significant increase in causal strength from the RMC to the RPFC (p = 0.04) and from the RMC to the LMC (p = 0.042) in children with CP during motion. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between the PLV of LMC-RMC (p = 0.002) and the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and between the GMFCS and the clustering coefficient (p = 0.01)., Conclusions: During rehabilitation training of the lower limbs, there were significant differences in brain network indices between children with CP and CTDs. The indicators proposed in this paper are effective at evaluating motor function and the real-time impact of rehabilitation training on the brain network and have great potential for application in guiding clinical motor function assessment and planning rehabilitation strategies., (© 2024 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Exome sequencing in a Chinese cohort of children with cerebral palsy identifies likely pathogenic variants.
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Cohort Studies, China epidemiology, Exome Sequencing, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Mutation, East Asian People, Cerebral Palsy genetics, Asian People genetics, Exome genetics
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Mobile Learning (12th, Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal, April 9-11, 2016)
- Author
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International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), Sánchez, Inmaculada Arnedillo, and Isaías, Pedro
- Abstract
These proceedings contain the papers of the 12th International Conference on Mobile Learning 2016, which was organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society, in Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal, April 9-11, 2016. The Mobile Learning 2016 Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrate developments in the field. Full papers presented in these proceedings include: (1) Mobile Devices and Spatial Enactments of Learning: iPads in Lower Secondary Schools (Bente Meyer); (2) NetEnquiry--A Competitive Mobile Learning Approach for the Banking Sector (Marc Beutner, Matthias Teine, Marcel Gebbe and Lara Melissa Fortmann); (3) M-Learning Challenges in Teaching Crosscutting Themes in the Education of Young People and Adults (Marcos Andrei Ota and Carlos Fernando de Araujo Jr); (4) Mobile Learning: Pedagogical Strategies for Using Applications in the Classroom (Anna Helena Silveira Sonego, Leticia Rocha Machado, Cristina Alba Wildt Torrezzan and Patricia Alejandra Behar); (5) Experiencing a Mobile Game and its Impact on Teachers' Attitudes towards Mobile Learning (Hagit Meishar-Tal and Miky Ronen); (6) Exploring Mobile Affordances in the Digital Classroom (David Parsons, Herbert Thomas and Jocelyn Wishart); (7) Design, Development and Evaluation of a Field Learning Video Blog (Otto Petrovic); (8) Development and Evaluation of a Classroom Interaction System (Bingyi Cao, Margarita Esponda-Argüero and Raúl Rojas); (9) Visual Environment for Designing Interactive Learning Scenarios with Augmented Reality (José Miguel Mota, Iván Ruiz-Rube, Juan Manuel Dodero and Mauro Figueiredo); and (10) The Development of an Interactive Mathematics App for Mobile Learning (Mauro Figueiredo, Beata Godejord and José Rodrigues). Short papers presented include: (1) Conceptualizing an M-Learning System for Seniors (Matthias Teine and Marc Beutner); (2) Sensimotor Distractions when Learning with Mobile Phones on-the Move (Soledad Castellano and Inmaculada Arnedillo-Sánchez); (3) Personal Biometric Information from Wearable Technology Tracked and Followed Using an Eportfolio: A Case Study of eHealth literacy Development with Emerging Technology in Hong King Higher Education (Michele Notari, Tanja Sobko and Daniel Churchill); (4) An Initial Evaluation of Tablet Devices & What Are the Next Steps? (Tracey McKillen); (5) Information Literacy on the Go! Adding Mobile to an Age Old Challenge (Alice Schmidt Hanbidge, Nicole Sanderson and Tony Tin); (6) The Use of Digital Tools by Independent Music Teachers (Rena Upitis, Philip C. Abrami and Karen Boese); (7) Development of a Math Input Interface with Flick Operation for Mobile Devices (Yasuyuki Nakamura and Takahiro Nakahara); (8) Smartwatches as a Learning Tool: A Survey of Student Attitudes (Neil Davie and Tobias Hilber); and (9) The Adoption of Mobile Learning in a Traditional Training Environment: The C95-Challenge Project Experience (Nadia Catenazzi, Lorenzo Sommaruga, Kylene De Angelis and Giulio Gabbianelli). Reflection papers include the following; (1) Leadership for Nursing Work-Based Mobile Learning (Dorothy Fahlman); (2) Reflections on Ways forward for Addressing Ethical Concerns in Mobile Learning Research (Jocelyn Wishart); and (3) Mobile Learning: Extreme Outcomes of Everywhere, Anytime (Giuseppe Cosimo De Simone). Posters include: (1) Student Response Behavior to Six Types of Caller/Sender When Smartphones Receive a Call or Text Message during University Lectures (Kunihiro Chida, Yuuki Kato and Shogo Kato); and (2) Understanding the Use of Mobile Resources to Enhance Paralympic Boccia Teaching and Learning for Students with Cerebral Palsy (Fabiana Zioti, Giordano Clemente, Raphael de Paiva Gonçalves, Matheus Souza, Aracele Fassbinder and Ieda Mayumi Kawashita). Doctoral Consortium papers include: (1) Forms of the Materials Shared between a Teacher and a Pupil (Libor Klubal and Katerina Kostolányová); and (2) Mobile Touch Screen Devices as Compensation for the Teaching Materials at a Special Primary School (Vojtech Gybas and Katerina Kostolányová). Individual papers provide references, and an Author Index is provided.
- Published
- 2016
16. A validation and acceptability study of cognitive testing using switch and eye-gaze control technologies for children with motor and speech impairments: A protocol paper
- Author
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Petra Karlsson, Ingrid Honan, Seth Warschausky, Jacqueline N. Kaufman, Georgina Henry, Candice Stephenson, Annabel Webb, Alistair McEwan, and Nadia Badawi
- Subjects
cerebral palsy ,assistive technology ,cognition ,assessment ,disability ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Despite the importance of knowing the cognitive capabilities of children with neurodevelopmental conditions, less than one-third of children with cerebral palsy participate in standardized assessments. Globally, approximately 50% of people with cerebral palsy have an intellectual disability and there is significant risk for domain-specific cognitive impairments for the majority of people with cerebral palsy. However, standardized cognitive assessment tools are not accessible to many children with cerebral palsy, as they require manual manipulation of objects, verbal response and/or speeded response. As such, standardised assessment may result in an underestimation of abilities for children with significant motor and/or speech impairment. The overall aim of the project is to examine and compare the psychometric properties of standardised cognitive assessment tools that have been accommodated for use with either a switch device or eye-gaze control technologies, with the specific aims to: (1) Examine the psychometric properties (measurement agreement and validity) of accommodated assessment tools by comparing the performance of typically developing children on six cognitive assessment tools administered via standardised versus accommodated (switch or eye-gaze control) administration; (2) Describe and compare the performance and user experience of children with cerebral palsy on six accommodated cognitive assessments administered via switch or eye-gaze control technologies. Secondary aims are to: (1) Describe the completion rates and time to complete assessments of participants in each group; (2) Within the group with cerebral palsy, examine the effects of condition-specific characteristics (type of cerebral palsy, functional levels, and pain) and demographics (age, socio-demographic) on participation. This protocol paper describes a two-phase validation and acceptability study that utilizes a mixed-model design. This study will collect concurrent data from 80 typically developing children and 40 children with cerebral palsy, who use switch or eye-gaze control technology as alternate access communication methods. The set of instruments will measure receptive vocabulary, fluid reasoning, sustained attention, vision perception, visuospatial working memory and executive functions. Data analyses will be conducted using SPSS v. 25 and R v 4.1.0. SPSS Sample Power 3 was used for power computation and allows for a 10% drop out rate. Quantitative descriptive statistics, measurement agreement data plotting, bivariate and multiple regressions analysis will be conducted using appropriate methods.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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17. Modified constraint-induced movement therapy or bimanual occupational therapy following injection of Botulinum toxin-A to improve bimanual performance in young children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a randomised controlled trial methods paper.
- Author
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Hoare BJ, Imms C, Rawicki HB, and Carey L
- Subjects
- Biomedical Research methods, Child, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy methods, Functional Laterality, Hand, Humans, Infant, Motor Skills, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Botulinum Toxins, Type A therapeutic use, Cerebral Palsy therapy, Hemiplegia therapy, Musculoskeletal Manipulations methods, Neuromuscular Agents therapeutic use, Occupational Therapy methods
- Abstract
Background: Use of Botulinum toxin-A (BoNT-A) for treatment of upper limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy has become routine clinical practice in many paediatric treatment centres worldwide. There is now high-level evidence that upper limb BoNT-A injection, in combination with occupational therapy, improves outcomes in children with cerebral palsy at both the body function/structure and activity level domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Investigation is now required to establish what amount and specific type of occupational therapy will further enhance functional outcomes and prolong the beneficial effects of BoNT-A., Methods/design: A randomised, controlled, evaluator blinded, prospective parallel-group trial. Eligible participants were children aged 18 months to 6 years, diagnosed with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy and who were able to demonstrate selective motor control of the affected upper limb. Both groups received upper limb injections of BoNT-A. Children were randomised to either the modified constraint-induced movement therapy group (experimental) or bimanual occupational therapy group (control). Outcome assessments were undertaken at pre-injection and 1, 3 and 6 months following injection of BoNT-A. The primary outcome measure was the Assisting Hand Assessment. Secondary outcomes included: the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test; Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory; Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; Goal Attainment Scaling; Pediatric Motor Activity Log; modified Ashworth Scale and; the modified Tardieu Scale., Discussion: The aim of this paper is to describe the methodology of a randomised controlled trial comparing the effects of modified constraint-induced movement therapy (a uni-manual therapy) versus bimanual occupational therapy (a bimanual therapy) on improving bimanual upper limb performance of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy following upper limb injection of BoNT-A. The paper outlines the background to the study, the study hypotheses, outcome measures and trial methodology. It also provides a comprehensive description of the interventions provided., Trial Registration: ACTRN12605000002684.
- Published
- 2010
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18. Burn injury in patients with early-onset neurological impairments: 2002 ABA paper.
- Author
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Alden NE, Rabbitts A, Rolls JA, Bessey PQ, and Yurt RW
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Body Surface Area, Burns etiology, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Male, Registries statistics & numerical data, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity complications, Autistic Disorder complications, Burns epidemiology, Cerebral Palsy complications, Intellectual Disability complications, Spinal Dysraphism complications
- Abstract
Many patients suffer from sensorimotor deficits that may contribute to burn injury. This retrospective study examines burn injuries in the subgroup of patients that suffer from the early onset neurological impairments of mental retardation, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, autism, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Fifty-one patients who suffered from the above-mentioned early-onset neurological impairments were admitted to our burn center during a 4-year period. The average TBSA burned was 8.9% yet resulted in prolonged hospitalizations. This study describes our burn center's experience in treating patients admitted with early-onset neurological impairments.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. TESTING AND EVALUATION. A PAPER GIVEN AT THE THIRD PAN-PACIFIC REHABILITATION CONFERENCE IN TOKYO, APRIL 1965.
- Author
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MORGAN MR
- Subjects
- Humans, Tokyo, Cerebral Palsy, Medicine, Muscle Spasticity, Paper, Paralysis, Psychological Tests, Rehabilitation
- Published
- 1965
20. Position paper on the use of botulinum toxin in cerebral palsy.
- Author
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Grice J
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Humans, Botulinum Toxins therapeutic use, Cerebral Palsy drug therapy, Drug Approval
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
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21. Position paper on the use of botulinum toxin in cerebral palsy. UK Botulinum Toxin and Cerebral Palsy Working Party.
- Author
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Carr LJ, Cosgrove AP, Gringras P, and Neville BG
- Subjects
- Botulinum Toxins administration & dosage, Child, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Patient Selection, Treatment Outcome, Botulinum Toxins therapeutic use, Cerebral Palsy therapy
- Published
- 1998
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22. Religious Coping and Fatalism on Perception of Care Burden in Caregivers of Patients with Cerebral Palsy in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional and Correlational Study.
- Author
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Demir OB and Yilmaz FT
- Subjects
- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Male, Female, Turkey, Adult, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Caregiver Burden psychology, Adolescent, Adaptation, Psychological, Caregivers psychology, Caregivers statistics & numerical data, Cerebral Palsy psychology, Religion and Psychology
- Abstract
Providing care to a patient with cerebral palsy can have many negative impacts upon caregivers. This study was carried out to define caregiving burden in the caregivers of cerebral palsy patients and determine the relationships between religious coping, fatalism, and burden of care. This cross-sectional and correlational study included 132 caregivers. Data were obtained using the Religious Coping Scale, the Fatalism Scale, and the Caregiver Burden Scale. It was determined that 18.9% of the participants experienced a heavy care burden. The luck and pessimism dimensions of the Fatalism Scale were positively and weakly correlated with caregiving burden (p < 0.01), while there was no correlation between caregiving burden and positive or negative religious coping styles (p > 0.05). Perception of fatalism explained 10% of the total variance in caregiving burden (R = 0.329, R
2 = 0.109, F = 5.195, p = 0.002). It is recommended that caregivers be supported by religious experts to strengthen positive religious coping styles and advisable fatalism perceptions., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Cerebral palsy in African paediatric populations: A scoping review.
- Author
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Murugasen S, Springer P, Olusanya BO, Gladstone M, Newton C, Kakooza-Mwesige A, and Donald KA
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Africa epidemiology, Prevalence, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Comorbidity, Risk Factors, Cerebral Palsy epidemiology
- Abstract
Aim: To review the epidemiology and outcomes of African children with cerebral palsy (CP) over a 21-year period., Method: The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science online databases were searched for original research on African children with CP aged 18 years and younger published from 2000 to 2021., Results: A total of 1811 articles underwent review against explicit criteria; 93 articles were selected for inclusion in the scoping review. The reported prevalence of CP ranged from 0.8 to 10 per 1000 children. Almost half had perinatal risk factors, but up to 26% had no identifiable risk factor. At least one-third of children with CP had one or more comorbidities, most commonly epilepsy, intellectual disability, and malnutrition. African children with CP demonstrated excess premature mortality approximately 25 times that of the general population, predominantly from infections. Hospital-based and younger populations had larger proportions of children with severe impairments. African children with CP had inadequate access to care and education, yet showed functional improvements compared to controls for all evaluated interventions., Interpretation: The prevalence of CP in Africa remains uncertain. African children with CP have different risk profiles, greater premature mortality, and more severe functional impairments and comorbidities compared to the Global North. Several barriers prevent access to optimal care. Larger African studies on validated and effective interventions are needed., (© 2024 The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Mac Keith Press.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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24. How do parents frame their engagement experience in early intervention? A grounded theory study.
- Author
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Harniess PA, Basu AP, Bezemer J, and Gibbs D
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Infant, Adult, Qualitative Research, United Kingdom, Early Intervention, Educational, Interviews as Topic, Physical Therapy Modalities, Occupational Therapy, Early Medical Intervention, Professional-Family Relations, Infant, Newborn, Grounded Theory, Parents psychology, Cerebral Palsy rehabilitation, Cerebral Palsy psychology
- Abstract
Purpose: Parent and therapist engagement and partnership are critical in early intervention physiotherapy and occupational therapy for infants with cerebral palsy to improve outcomes. The main aim of this study was to understand how parents perceive their engagement experience in early intervention over time., Methods: Grounded theory methodology was used. Twenty parents of diverse backgrounds participated in 22 interviews (including some repeated longitudinally) to reflect on their engagement experience within the context of early intervention community services provided in the UK NHS., Results: The findings highlight how parents' perspectives of their engagement in EI change according to critical circumstances, including their preceding neonatal trauma, the at-risk CP label, firmer diagnosis of CP and their child's response to intervention. We theorise that this disrupted transition experience to parenthood becomes part of parental framing (or sense-making) of their engagement in EI. Overlapping frames of uncertainty, pursuit and transformation capture and explain nuances in parents' engagement patterns within EI over time., Conclusion: This theorising has implications for early intervention therapists in how they engage in the lives of families and partner with parents to support healthier parental transition, wellbeing and subsequent improved infant outcomes.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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25. White Paper by the European Society for Swallowing Disorders: Screening and Non-instrumental Assessment for Dysphagia in Adults
- Author
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Margaret Walshe, Eric Verin, Reinie Cordier, Virginie Woisard, Weslania Viviane Nascimento, Daniele Farneti, Renée Speyer, Walmari Pilz, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, KNO, and MUMC+: MA Keel Neus Oorheelkunde (9)
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Future studies ,Psychometrics ,ORAL-HEALTH ASSESSMENT ,OF-LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE ,B100 ,ITEM RESPONSE THEORY ,Diagnostic accuracy ,FRAIL OLDER-PEOPLE ,Cerebral palsy ,Validity ,03 medical and health sciences ,Speech and Hearing ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,PSYCHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS ,Swallowing ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,030212 general & internal medicine ,ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA ,Aged ,ASSESSMENT-TOOL ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Swallowing Disorders ,Gastroenterology ,Reproducibility of Results ,Responsiveness ,A300 ,OROPHARYNGEAL DYSPHAGIA ,NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ,medicine.disease ,Measures ,Reliability ,Dysphagia ,Deglutition ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Physical therapy ,RISK-FACTORS ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,Deglutition Disorders ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
This White Paper by the European Society for Swallowing Disorders (ESSD) reports on the current state of screening and non-instrumental assessment for dysphagia in adults. An overview is provided on the measures that are available, and how to select screening tools and assessments. Emphasis is placed on different types of screening, patient-reported measures, assessment of anatomy and physiology of the swallowing act, and clinical swallowing evaluation. Many screening and non-instrumental assessments are available for evaluating dysphagia in adults; however, their use may not be warranted due to poor diagnostic performance or lacking robust psychometric properties. This white paper provides recommendations on how to select best evidence-based screening tools and non-instrumental assessments for use in clinical practice targeting different constructs, target populations and respondents, based on criteria for diagnostic performance, psychometric properties (reliability, validity, and responsiveness), and feasibility. In addition, gaps in research that need to be addressed in future studies are discussed. The following recommendations are made: (1) discontinue the use of non-validated dysphagia screening tools and assessments; (2) implement screening using tools that have optimal diagnostic performance in selected populations that are at risk of dysphagia, such as stroke patients, frail older persons, patients with progressive neurological diseases, persons with cerebral palsy, and patients with head and neck cancer; (3) implement measures that demonstrate robust psychometric properties; and (4) provide quality training in dysphagia screening and assessment to all clinicians involved in the care and management of persons with dysphagia.
- Published
- 2022
26. Exploring the rationale for prescribing ankle-foot orthoses and supramalleolar orthoses in children with cerebral palsy: A narrative synthesis of rationale statements.
- Author
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Dailey AH, Landers J, Anderson S, and Dillon MP
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- Humans, Child, Male, Prescriptions, Female, Equipment Design, Ankle Joint, Treatment Outcome, Cerebral Palsy rehabilitation, Cerebral Palsy therapy, Foot Orthoses
- Abstract
Background: To help improve outcomes for children with cerebral palsy (CP), ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) and supramalleolar orthoses (SMOs) are prescribed. However, it is not clear why one intervention is prescribed over the other., Objectives: To explore the rationale for prescribing AFOs and SMOs in children with CP and its link to the choice of outcome measure used., Study Design: Narrative review., Methods: Six databases were searched (eg, Medline) and data extracted from articles that met the inclusion criteria. Data describing the participant demographics, type of orthosis, and outcome measures used were summarized to provide context for the different rationale for orthotic prescription that were thematically analyzed., Discussion: Forty-seven articles were included. Participants were aged 9 ± 2 years, 59% were male, 79% had diplegia, and 38% were classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System level I. All studies included a rationale for prescribing AFOs that, in most cases, reflected the outcome measures used. These rationale statements were synthesized into 5 specific themes (e.g., reduced energy expenditure and metabolic costs). By comparison, 5 of these studies described the rationale for providing SMOs, and of those that did, most of the rationale statements were nonspecific., Conclusions: A large and contemporary body of literature describes the rationale for prescribing AFOs for children with CP. There are opportunities for future research that clearly articulates the rationale for prescribing SMOs for children living with CP and to focus the rational for orthotic intervention on the real-world challenges that are most important to children living with CP, such as the ability to participate among peers., (Copyright © 2023 International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics.)
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- 2024
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27. Clinical features associated with epilepsy occurrence, resolution, and drug resistance in children with cerebral palsy: A population-based study.
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Feroze N, Karim T, Ostojic K, Mcintyre S, Barnes EH, Lee BC, Dale RC, Gill D, and Kothur K
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Child, Intellectual Disability, Anticonvulsants therapeutic use, Registries, New South Wales epidemiology, Infant, Severity of Illness Index, Drug Resistance, Vision Disorders etiology, Cerebral Palsy complications, Epilepsy drug therapy, Drug Resistant Epilepsy drug therapy, Drug Resistant Epilepsy genetics
- Abstract
Aim: To investigate clinicoradiological features associated with epilepsy, its resolution, and drug resistance in children with cerebral palsy (CP)., Method: Data were gathered from the New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory CP Register, encompassing children with CP born between 2003 and 2015 (n = 1916). Clinical features and the severity of impairments were compared among three groups: children with current epilepsy (n = 604), those with resolved epilepsy by age 5 years (n = 109), and those without epilepsy (n = 1203). Additionally, a subset of the registry cohort attending Children's Hospital Westmead (n = 256) was analysed to compare epilepsy and treatment characteristics between drug-responsive (n = 83) and drug-resistant groups (n = 147) using logistic regression and hierarchical cluster analysis., Results: Manual Ability Classification System levels IV and V, intellectual impairment, and vision impairment were found to be associated with epilepsy in children with CP on multivariable analysis (p < 0.01). Moderate to severe intellectual impairment and bilateral spastic CP were independent positive and negative predictors of epilepsy persistence at the age of 5 years respectively (p < 0.05). Microcephaly and multiple seizure types were predictors of drug-resistant epilepsy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83; 95% confidence interval 0.77-0.9). Children with a known genetic cause (14%) and CP epilepsy surgery group (4.3%) formed specific clinical subgroups in CP epilepsy., Interpretation: Our study highlights important clinical associations of epilepsy, its resolution, and treatment response in children with CP, providing valuable knowledge to aid in counselling families and identifying distinct prognostic groups for effective medical surveillance and optimal treatment., What This Paper Adds: Severe motor and non-motor impairments in cerebral palsy (CP) increase epilepsy risk. Epilepsy more likely resolves in bilateral spastic and milder CP impairments. Epilepsy in CP often manifests at an early age with multiple seizure types and high drug resistance. Children with a known genetic cause and CP epilepsy surgery group represent distinct clinical subgroups., (© 2023 The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Mac Keith Press.)
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- 2024
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28. Higher risk of cerebral palsy, seizures/epilepsy, visual- and hearing impairments, cancer, injury and child abuse in children with congenital anomalies: Data from the EUROlinkCAT study.
- Author
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Urhoj SK, Morris J, Loane M, Ballardini E, Barrachina-Bonet L, Cavero-Carbonell C, Coi A, Gissler M, Given J, Heino A, Jordan S, Neville A, Santoro M, Tan J, Tucker D, Wellesley D, Garne E, and Damkjaer M
- Subjects
- Child, Female, Humans, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Registries, Seizures epidemiology, Seizures etiology, Cerebral Palsy epidemiology, Cerebral Palsy etiology, Epilepsy, Child Abuse, Neoplasms, Hearing Loss epidemiology, Hearing Loss etiology, Congenital Abnormalities epidemiology
- Abstract
Aim: The aim is to examine the risk of cerebral palsy, seizures/epilepsy, visual- and hearing impairments, cancer, injury/poisoning and child abuse in children with and without a congenital anomaly up to age 5 and 10 years., Methods: This is a population-based data linkage cohort study linking information from the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies network (EUROCAT) and birth registries to hospital discharge databases. We included 91 504 live born children with major congenital anomalies born from 1995 to 2014 from nine EUROCAT registries in five countries and 1 960 727 live born children without congenital anomalies (reference children). Prevalence and relative risk (RR) were estimated for each of the co-morbidities using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates., Results: Children with congenital anomalies had higher risks of the co-morbidities than reference children. The prevalences in the reference children were generally very low. The RR was 13.8 (95% CI 12.5-15.1) for cerebral palsy, 2.5 (95% CI 2.4-2.6) for seizures/epilepsy, 40.8 (95% CI 33.2-50.2) for visual impairments, 10.0 (95% CI 9.2-10.9) for hearing loss, 3.6 (95% CI 3.2-4.2) for cancer, 1.5 (95% CI 1.4-1.5) for injuries/poisoning and 2.4 (95% CI 1.7-3.4) for child abuse., Conclusion: Children with congenital anomalies were more likely to be diagnosed with the specified co-morbidities compared to reference children., (© 2024 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)
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- 2024
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29. Three-Dimensional Instrumented Gait Analysis for Children With Cerebral Palsy: An Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline.
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States RA, Salem Y, Krzak JJ, Godwin EM, McMulkin ML, and Kaplan SL
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- Child, Humans, Evidence-Based Practice, Gait, Immunoglobulin A, Cerebral Palsy, Gait Analysis
- Abstract
Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) who walk have complex gait patterns and deviations often requiring physical therapy (PT)/medical/surgical interventions. Walking in children with CP can be assessed with 3-dimensional instrumented gait analysis (3D-IGA) providing kinematics (joint angles), kinetics (joint moments/powers), and muscle activity., Purpose: This clinical practice guideline provides PTs, physicians, and associated clinicians involved in the care of children with CP, with 7 action statements on when and how 3D-IGA can inform clinical assessments and potential interventions. It links the action statement grades with specific levels of evidence based on a critical appraisal of the literature., Conclusions: This clinical practice guideline addresses 3D-IGA's utility to inform surgical and non-surgical interventions, to identify gait deviations among segments/joints and planes and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. Best practice statements provide guidance for clinicians about the preferred characteristics of 3D-IGA laboratories including instrumentation, staffing, and reporting practices.Video Abstract: Supplemental digital content available at http://links.lww.com/PPT/A524., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy of the American Physical Therapy Association.)
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- 2024
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30. When the Sensory Handicapped Child Has Cerebral Palsy. Part I: Physical Management. Part II: Deaf-Blind Curriculum and the Child with Cerebral Palsy. Working Papers in Developmental Disabilities.
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Nebraska Univ. Medical Center, Omaha. Meyer Children's Rehabilitation Inst. and Fieber, Nancy M.
- Abstract
The paper addresses issues involved in the management of and curriculum for children with sensory impairments combined with cerebral palsy. The first part details typical deformities and their causes in children with cerebral palsy, and describes (with illustrations) techniques for therapeutic handling and positioning in daily living tasks at home and in the classroom (including picking up the child, positioning the child for play, positioning in chairs, and standing and walking). The role of the consulting therapist is considered and the importance of cooperation between therapist and teacher is stressed. Part II considers strategies for adapting the deaf-blind curriculum for a blind child with cerebral palsy. (CL)
- Published
- 1974
31. Self-reported Health-related Quality of Life in Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy.
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Lennon N, Kalisperis F, Church C, Niiler T, Miller F, Biermann I, Davey J, Sees JP, and Shrader MW
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- Male, Young Adult, Child, Humans, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Quality of Life, Self Report, Retrospective Studies, Pain etiology, Cerebral Palsy
- Abstract
Background: Happiness, comfort, and motor function contribute to satisfaction with life for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Evidence-based medical care can improve motor function and physical health of youth with CP. Less is known about medical care and its relationship to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and young adults with CP. This study aimed to describe HRQOL among adolescents with CP to examine differences between adolescent (self) and parent (proxy) reports of HRQOL and to explore associations of pain, age, and gross motor function with HRQOL., Methods: This is a retrospective study including adolescents with CP classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I to V, ages 11 to 20 years, reading ≥ a fourth-grade level, and who completed the self-reported Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). Parents completed the PODCI concurrently or within 12 months and scores were compared. In addition, self-reported scores were compared between age bands, across Gross Motor Function Classification System levels, with typically developing youth (TDY), and between youth with/without pain., Results: PODCI scores from 102 adolescents [59 males; 15.0 (SD: 2.6) years old] were examined. Scores from 50 adolescents and parents were matched. Mean self-reported scores were significantly higher than mean parent-reported scores in 4 domains: upper extremity and physical function ( P =0.018), sports and physical function ( P =0.005), happiness ( P =0.023), and global functioning ( P =0.018). All domains, except Happiness, were significantly < TDY ( P <0.01). The presence of pain was associated with lower scores in all domains ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Examining HRQOL with the PODCI revealed significant limitations in physical function and higher pain in adolescents with CP compared with TDY. Self- and parent-reported PODCI results should be considered separately. Adolescents report higher HRQOL compared with parent proxy. Recognizing and validating the perspectives of youth and their parents presents an opportunity for providers to discuss different points of view with families. Such engagement can help promote self-efficacy in youth with CP as they transition to the responsibility of guiding their own care in adulthood., Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective comparative study., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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32. F-words and early intervention ingredients for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy: A scoping review.
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De Campos AC, Hidalgo-Robles Á, Longo E, Shrader C, and Paleg G
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- Child, Humans, Child, Preschool, Exercise, Early Intervention, Educational, Cerebral Palsy therapy, Self-Help Devices
- Abstract
Aim: To explore the ingredients of early interventions provided to young children with cerebral palsy (CP) who are classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV and V, and to identify the 'F-words' addressed by the interventions., Method: Searches were completed in four electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were the original experimental studies that fitted the following PCC components: population, young children (aged 0-5 years, at least 30% of the sample) with CP and significant motor impairment (GMFCS levels IV or V, at least 30% of the sample); concept, non-surgical and non-pharmacological early intervention services measuring outcomes from any of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains; and context, studies published from 2001 to 2021, from all settings and not limited to any specific geographical location., Results: Eighty-seven papers were included for review, with qualitative (n = 3), mixed-methods (n = 4), quantitative descriptive (n = 22), quantitative non-randomized (n = 39), and quantitative randomized (n = 19) designs. Fitness (n = 59), family (n = 46), and functioning (n = 33) ingredients were addressed by most experimental studies, whereas studies on fun (n = 6), friends (n = 5), and future (n = 14) were scarce. Several other factors (n = 55) related to the environment, for example, service provision, professional training, therapy dose, and environmental modifications, were also relevant., Interpretation: Many studies positively supported formal parent training and use of assistive technology to promote several F-words. A menu of intervention ingredients was provided, with suggestions for future research, to incorporate them into a real context within the family and clinical practice., What This Paper Adds: Family-centred care (including coaching and caregiver-delivered interventions) and formal parental training are effective strategies for children in GMFCS levels IV and V. Assistive technology ingredients (power, mobility, supported, sitting, stepping, and standing) may promote several 'F-words' (functioning, fitness, family, fun, friends, and future). The lowest level of evidence was found for fun, friends, and future. Other factors (service provision, professional training, therapy dose, environmental modifications) are relevant for young children in GMFCS levels IV and V., (© 2023 Mac Keith Press.)
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- 2024
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33. Effects of the EXECP Intervention on Motor Function, Muscle Strength, and Joint Flexibility in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy.
- Author
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Valadão P, Cenni F, Piitulainen H, Avela J, and Finni T
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Adolescent, Female, Lower Extremity, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength physiology, Range of Motion, Articular physiology, Gait physiology, Cerebral Palsy
- Abstract
Purpose: Numerous exercise interventions to enhance motor function in cerebral palsy (CP) have been proposed, with varying degrees of effectiveness. Because motor function requires a combination of muscle strength, joint flexibility, and motor coordination, we designed a supervised multicomponent exercise intervention (EXErcise for Cerebral Palsy, or EXECP) for individuals with CP. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the EXECP intervention and its retention after it ceased., Methods: The EXECP intervention combined strength training for the lower limbs and trunk muscles, passive stretching for the lower limb muscles, and inclined treadmill gait training. Eighteen participants with CP (mean age, 14 yr; 13 were male) were tested twice before the 3-month intervention and twice after the intervention, each test separated by 3 months. Seventeen typically developing age- and sex-matched controls were tested twice. Motor function was assessed with the 6-min walking test (6MWT) and the gross motor function measure dimensions D and E. Passive joint flexibility was measured with goniometry. Isometric and concentric muscle strength were assessed at the knee, ankle, and trunk joints., Results: The EXECP intervention successfully increased 6MWT ( P < 0.001), gross motor function measure ( P = 0.004), and muscle strength for knee and trunk muscles ( P < 0.05), although no changes were observed for ankle joint muscles. Hip and knee joint flexibility also increased ( P < 0.05). After the retention period, all tested variables except the 6MWT and knee joint flexibility regressed and were not different from the pretests., Conclusions: The improvements in strength, flexibility, and possibly motor coordination brought by the EXECP intervention were transferred to significant functional gains. The regression toward baseline after the intervention highlights that training must be a lifelong decision for individuals with CP., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2024
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34. Efficacy of plyometric exercises on upper extremity function, selective motor control and hand grip strength in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled study.
- Author
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Abd-Elmonem AM, Ali HA, Saad-Eldien SS, and El-Nabie WAA
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Hand Strength, Upper Extremity, Physical Therapy Modalities, Cerebral Palsy rehabilitation, Plyometric Exercise
- Abstract
Background: Impairment in unimanual upper limb function is frequent among children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP), which affects their ability to perform functional activities., Aim: To assess the efficacy of plyometric exercises on the function of upper extremity, selective motor control (SMC) and hand grip strength (HGS) in children with UCP., Design: This was a double-masked, randomized, controlled clinical trial., Setting: Outpatient Clinics of Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University and Center for Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Rheumatology, Al-Agouza Hospital, Giza, Egypt., Population: Forty children with UCP, ranging in age from 8 to 12 years, were randomly allocated to two groups equal in numbers., Method: Children were allocated to receive conventional therapy (CONV-group; n = 20) or plyometric exercises (PLYO-group; n = 20) for 45 min. In addition, children of both groups received selected physical and occupational therapy programs (each lasted for 30 min) twice a week over 3-month. The intervention was delivered on non-consecutive days. Upper extremity function, SMC and HGS were assessed by using quality of upper extremity skills test (QUEST), Test of arm selective control and pneumatic squeeze bulb dynamometer, respectively., Results: Overall, 35 children (18 in the CONV-group, 17 in the PLYO-group) completed data collection and treatment. With-in group comparison showed significant improvement in the study groups while post-treatment comparisons revealed a significant difference from mean difference in upper extremity function is 9.55 (8.71:10.39), SMC is 2.12 (1.51:2.72) and HGS is 2.91 (2.13:3.68) (p < 0.05; 95% Confidence interval) in favor of the PLYO-group., Conclusions: Plyometric exercises have the capability to enhance upper extremity function and strength in children with UCP., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2024
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35. Modified-constraint movement induced therapy versus neuro-developmental therapy on reaching capacity in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
- Author
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Abdul-Rahman RS, Radwan NL, El-Nassag BA, Amin WM, and Ali MS
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- Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Exercise Therapy methods, Hand, Hemiplegia rehabilitation, Movement, Treatment Outcome, Upper Extremity, Cerebral Palsy rehabilitation
- Abstract
Background and Objective: Upper extremity impairment is one of the complications in hemiplegic children. The purpose of modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is to improve the function of impaired arms and hands in these children. This study compared the efficacy of mCIMT and the approach of neurodevelopmental therapy (NDT) on reaching capacity in children with spastic hemiplegia., Methods: Fifty-two spastic hemiplegic children ranging in age from four to 6 years were selected for this study from an outpatient clinic and biomechanical lab (Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, KSA). They were randomly divided into two experimental groups: group I received NDT and group II received mCIMT for the involved upper limb and restriction of the uninvolved arm movements for 12 weeks (three times per week). Both groups received a conventional exercise program in addition to experimental one. Active elbow extension range of motion and three-dimensional motion analysis of the reaching task were measured before and after 3 months of treatment., Results: Significant enhancement in all pre-treatment and post-treatment outcomes was observed in both groups by a two-way mixed MANOVA; furthermore, Group II (mCIMT) showed the most significant improvement (elbow extension, percentage of reach to peak velocity, movement time and movement units) when comparing the post-treatment outcomes between the two groups (p < 0.001)., Implication for Physiotherapy Practice: Addition of mCIMT to a conventional exercise was superior to adding NDT exercise therapy in promoting the performance of reaching pattern in hemiplegic children., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2024
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36. Lifelong Career Development Needs Assessment Study. Working Paper No. 3. Lifelong Career Development Project.
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Missouri Univ., Columbia. Dept. of Counseling and Personnel Services. and Schoepke, JoAnn M.
- Abstract
The report presents findings from needs assessment studies conducted in three community college areas to examine the extent to which 161 severely handicapped adults in seven disability groups (orthopedic, visual, hearing, mental retardation, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and multiple handicapping conditions) have acquired 22 life centered competencies (daily living skills, personal-social skills, and occupational guidance and preparation). In addition to survey results of the disabled individuals, findings from interviews with their relatives, representatives of agencies serving the disabled, community college faculty and staff, and employers are discussed. Data are anlayzed for each of 10 research questions, including proficiency levels of each disability group for each competency, employment status, differences between disabled persons and their relatives' perceptions of their competencies, barriers to attaining personal and career goals, and attitudes of community college faculty and area employers toward the disabled. Among findings summarized are that persons with multiple handicaps and persons with mental retardation reported less ability to perform the competencies than other groups; 64% stated that they would like to receive further training; relatives' perceptions tended to confirm the self reports of the disabled concerning career development competencies; and attitudes of others were noted as barriers to goal achievement by the disabled and their relatives. (CL)
- Published
- 1979
37. The Frank Stinchfield Award Paper. Internal rotation gait in spastic cerebral palsy.
- Author
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Tylkowski CM, Simon SR, and Mansour JM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Femur physiopathology, Humans, Male, Pelvic Bones physiopathology, Cerebral Palsy physiopathology, Gait, Hip Joint physiopathology
- Published
- 1982
38. A regional register of early childhood impairments: a discussion paper. The Steering Committee of the Oxford Region Child Development Project.
- Author
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Johnson A and King R
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, England, Humans, Cerebral Palsy, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, Registries, Vision Disorders
- Abstract
A regional register of preschool children with cerebral palsy, severe vision loss and sensorineural deafness has been complied. Case definition, the threshold for including or excluding a case and a standard method for describing a case have been predefined. In order to achieve complete ascertainment, multiple sources of information were used and account was taken of population movement, and loss of cases through death. The optimal age of case ascertainment poses a particular problem and counting of definite cases was delayed until age three years with a further review at age five years. The register can be used to estimate prevalence of impairment, as a basis for aetiological and interventive studies and for service planning. It fills an important gap in the information currently available on childhood morbidity.
- Published
- 1989
39. Effect of Adaptive Seating Systems on Postural Control and Activity Performance: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Acharya BD, Karki A, Prasertsukdee S, Reed D, Rawal L, Baniya PL, and Boyd RN
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Postural Balance, Parents, Posture, Quality of Life, Cerebral Palsy
- Abstract
Purpose: To systematically review the effectiveness of adaptive seating systems on sitting posture, postural control, and seated activity performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP)., Summary of Key Points: From 5 databases, 3 of 21 (14%) articles were of good quality based on the Downs and Black checklist. Commercial modular contoured seating and paper-based low-cost, and contoured foam seating were effective at improving sitting posture, postural control, and seated activity performance. Parents and service providers reported that seating systems reduced stress, burden and psychosocial well-being, and quality of life in children with CP., Conclusion: Limited evidence demonstrated that adaptive seating systems were effective at improving sitting ability and postural control. Randomized controlled trials with objective outcome measures of seating performance in children with CP are needed to evaluate effectiveness., Recommendations for Clinical Practice: Adaptive seating devices are preferred by parents and therapists for children with CP; however, objective measures of seating outcomes are needed., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy of the American Physical Therapy Association.)
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- 2023
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40. Effects of ankle-foot orthoses on different gait patterns in children with spastic cerebral palsy: A statistical parametric mapping study.
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Dobler F, Cip J, Lengnick H, and Alexander N
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Ankle, Retrospective Studies, Cross-Over Studies, Gait, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cerebral Palsy therapy, Foot Orthoses
- Abstract
Background: Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are a common treatment to correct gait deviations in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP). Studies on the outcome of AFOs on gait often do not account for different gait patterns., Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AFOs on specific gait patterns in children with cerebral palsy., Study Design: Retrospective, unblinded, controlled, cross-over study., Methods: Twenty-seven children with SCP were assessed in the conditions walking barefoot or with shoes and AFO. AFOs were prescribed based on usual clinical practice. Gait patterns for each leg were classified as excess ankle plantarflexion in stance (equinus), excess knee extension in stance (hyperextension), or excess knee flexion in stance (crouch). Differences in spatial-temporal variables and sagittal kinematics and kinetics of the hip, knee, and ankle between the 2 conditions were determined using paired t-tests and statistical parametric mapping, respectively. The effect of AFO-footwear neutral angle on knee flexion was tested using statistical parametric mapping regression., Results: AFO use improved spatial-temporal variables and reduced ankle power generation in preswing. For "equinus" and "hyperextension" gait patterns, AFOs decreased ankle plantarflexion in preswing and initial swing and decreased ankle power in preswing. Ankle dorsiflexion moment increased in all gait pattern groups. Knee and hip variables did not change in any of the 3 groups. AFO-footwear neutral angle had no effect on changes in sagittal knee angle., Conclusion: Although improvements in spatial-temporal variables were seen, gait deviations could only partially be corrected. Therefore, AFO prescriptions and design should individually address specific gait deviations and their effectiveness in children with SCP should be controlled., (Copyright © 2023 International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics.)
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- 2023
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41. Research Paper: The Relationship Between the Parent Report of Gross Motor Function of Children With Cerebral Palsy and Their Participation in Activities of Daily Livings
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Marzieh Pashmdarfard and Malek Amini
- Subjects
Gross motor function ,Participation ,Cerebral Palsy ,Activities of daily living ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the parent reports of gross motor function of children with Cerebral Palsy in activities of daily living. Materials and Methods: Sixty mothers of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) who were recruited by convenience sampling method were participated in this cross-sectional study. Children were between 6 to 12 years old. For assessing the participation of children with CP in life areas, the Children Participation Assessment Scale-Parent version (CPAS-P) was used and for assessing the gross motor function level of these children, the Gross Motor Function Classification System-family report was used. For data analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and ANOVA tests were used. All statistical analyses were done by SPSS v.21. Results: The mean age of children was 8.92 years (age range: 6-12 years). A total of 22 of them were males and 30 were females. The relationship between the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) of children with CP and their participation in all objective aspects of Activities of Daily Livings (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Livings (IADL) were moderate to good and this relationship was significant P
- Published
- 2017
42. Research Paper: Correlation Between Mother-Child Relationship and Participation of Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy in Leisure Time Activities.
- Author
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Amiri, Alireza, Kalantari, Minoo, Rezaee, Mehdi, and Baghban, Alireza Akbarzadeh
- Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the correlation between mother-child relationship and the rate of participation of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in leisure time activities. Methods: This study is a descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included cerebral palsy children aged 7-17 years with a mother who is at least 25 years old. A sample size of 152 children was selected using systematic random sampling. The children filled the King's assessment of participation and enjoyment questionnaire, whereas the mothers responded to a survey of Roth's mother-child relationship evaluation. We collected the data and analyzed them (Spearman's correlation test, One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney) using SPSS 16 software. Results: The results showed that there is a correlation between mother-child relationship and the rate of participation of cerebral palsy children in leisure time activities. There was a significant correlation between acceptance of child and the increasing involvement in leisure activities in case of cerebral palsy children. Over protection, excessive ease, and child rejection in a mother-child relationship was associated with reduction in the participation rate of the cerebral palsy children and adolescents in leisure activities. In case of quadriplegic children, the acceptance of child and participation rate was low compared to hemiplegic and diplegic children. Excessive ease of a mother-child relationship in girls was more than boys, but boys experienced more child rejection of a mother-child relationship than girls. Discussion: Participation rate, frequency (how often), and the enjoyment of participation in leisure time activities were correlated with mother-child relationship. Participation differences were existed among CP groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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43. Research Paper: An Investigation of the Social Function of Children With Cerebral Palsy of 2-6 Years Old.
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Hasanvand, Zohre, Kalantari, Minoo, Azari, Zahra Pashazade, and Tabatabaee, Seyed Mehdi
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Objectives: Children who have a disorder in motor function often suffer from disorders in other areas of their daily lives, such as social and communicative functions. The social function of children with cerebral palsy has so far been less studied than other aspects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the social function of children with cerebral palsy of 2 to 6 years old. Methods: This (cross-sectional) descriptive-analytic study was performed on 100 children with cerebral palsy in two age groups of 2-4 and 4-6 years old who were selected through convenient sampling from the centers for occupational therapies in Isfahan city. Children's motor function was classified according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (hereafter, GMFCS). The social function was completed by filling in the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) by interviewing the parents. Statistical analysis was done. Results: The statistical analyses of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of social function in 5 levels of motor function of children with cerebral palsy (P<0.0001). There was also a significant relationship between the age of children and their social function score (r=0.265 and P=0.008). Moreover, the mean scores of social function in the first and second levels of GMFCS had a significant difference in both groups (P=0.002); however, this difference was not significant in the other three levels (0.053
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- 2018
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44. Critically appraised paper: A task-specific sit-to-stand training program for children with cerebral palsy improves mobility and self-care function [synopsis]
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Alicia, Spittle
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Self Care ,Cerebral Palsy ,Humans ,Resistance Training ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Child - Published
- 2022
45. Cerebellar growth, volume and diffusivity in children cooled for neonatal encephalopathy without cerebral palsy.
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Wu CQ, Cowan FM, Jary S, Thoresen M, Chakkarapani E, and Spencer APC
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- Infant, Newborn, Female, Pregnancy, Child, Humans, Brain diagnostic imaging, Cerebellum diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Palsy diagnostic imaging, Brain Diseases, Infant, Newborn, Diseases
- Abstract
Children cooled for HIE and who did not develop cerebral palsy (CP) still underperform at early school age in motor and cognitive domains and have altered supra-tentorial brain volumes and white matter connectivity. We obtained T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI, motor (MABC-2) and cognitive (WISC-IV) scores from children aged 6-8 years who were cooled for HIE secondary to perinatal asphyxia without CP (cases), and controls matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. In 35 case children, we measured cerebellar growth from infancy (age 4-15 days after birth) to childhood. In childhood, cerebellar volumes were measured in 26 cases and 23 controls. Diffusion properties (mean diffusivity, MD and fractional anisotropy, FA) were calculated in 24 cases and 19 controls, in 9 cerebellar regions. Cases with FSIQ ≤ 85 had reduced growth of cerebellar width compared to those with FSIQ > 85 (p = 0.0005). Regional cerebellar volumes were smaller in cases compared to controls (p < 0.05); these differences were not significant when normalised to total brain volume. There were no case-control differences in MD or FA. Interposed nucleus volume was more strongly associated with IQ in cases than in controls (p = 0.0196). Other associations with developmental outcome did not differ between cases and controls., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
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- 2023
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46. Redefining cerebral palsies as a diverse group of neurodevelopmental disorders with genetic aetiology.
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van Eyk CL, Fahey MC, and Gecz J
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- Humans, Causality, Paralysis complications, Cerebral Palsy diagnosis, Cerebral Palsy genetics, Neurodevelopmental Disorders etiology, Neurodevelopmental Disorders genetics, Intellectual Disability
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Cerebral palsy is a clinical descriptor covering a diverse group of permanent, non-degenerative disorders of motor function. Around one-third of cases have now been shown to have an underlying genetic aetiology, with the genetic landscape overlapping with those of neurodevelopmental disorders including intellectual disability, epilepsy, speech and language disorders and autism. Here we review the current state of genomic testing in cerebral palsy, highlighting the benefits for personalized medicine and the imperative to consider aetiology during clinical diagnosis. With earlier clinical diagnosis now possible, we emphasize the opportunity for comprehensive and early genomic testing as a crucial component of the routine diagnostic work-up in people with cerebral palsy., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
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- 2023
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47. Public health indicators for cerebral palsy: A European collaborative study of the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe network.
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Arnaud C, Ehlinger V, Perraud A, Kinsner-Ovaskainen A, Klapouszczak D, Himmelmann K, Petra M, Rackauskaite G, Lanzoni M, Platt MJ, and Delobel-Ayoub M
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- Infant, Newborn, Child, Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Public Health, Europe epidemiology, Registries, Prevalence, Cerebral Palsy diagnosis, Cerebral Palsy epidemiology
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Background: Public health indicators (PHIs) play an increasingly important role in health policy decision-making. Although cerebral palsy (CP) is the commonest physical disability in children, its impact at population level has not been systematically measured so far., Objectives: We aimed to propose six PHIs for CP designed to annually document the extent of CP and effectiveness of perinatal organisation, the burden of this condition, access to health services and preventive health strategies in the post-neonatal period and to report on the latest updated estimations using population-based data routinely collected by European CP registries., Methods: The study included children with CP born between 2002 and 2011. Harmonised data (number of cases, functional profile, imaging) were extracted from the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE) database. Eligibility criteria for analyses were applied separately for each indicator by selecting registries, birth years and CP cases. Current estimates were based on the last 3 birth years, while trends were reported over a 10-year period. All analyses were descriptive. Sensitivity analyses were carried out to examine the stability of the results using various thresholds of percentages of missing values., Results: Analyses were performed on a total of 8621 children with CP from 12 to 17 SCPE registries. A decreasing prevalence of pre/perinatal CP overall, as well as in preterm and full-term-born children, was observed. The burden of the condition was strongly dependent on CP subtype and the presence of associated impairments. Access to brain imaging ranged from 80% to 100% depending on registries. The overall prevalence of post-neonatally acquired CP was approximately 0.8 per 10,000 live births over the study period., Conclusions: Population-based CP registries can provide data that are relevant for generating key outcomes of interest at the population level, thus potentially contributing to improving public health policies for children with disabilities., (© 2022 The Authors. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2023
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48. Somatosensory discrimination impairment in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy as measured by the sense_assess© kids.
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McLean B, Taylor S, Valentine J, Carey L, Thornton A, and Elliott C
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- Child, Hemiplegia, Humans, Proprioception, Upper Extremity, Cerebral Palsy, Occupational Therapy
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Introduction: To characterise somatosensory discrimination impairment of the upper-limb across domains of tactile discrimination, limb position sense and haptic object recognition using the sense_assess© kids and examine associations with upper-limb motor performance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP)., Methods: The sense_assess© kids was administered at one timepoint to 28 children, aged 6-15.5 years (M = 10.1, SD = 2.4), with hemiplegic CP (right hemiplegia n = 15) and Manual Ability Classification System Levels I (n = 11) and II (n = 17). Unimanual motor performance was quantified using the Box and Block Test., Results: Tactile discrimination was impaired in 18, limb position sense in 20, and haptic object recognition was impaired in 21 of 28 children. Over 80% (23/28) of children had impaired somatosensory discrimination in one or more domains. Low to moderate correlations were observed between each measure of somatosensory discrimination and motor performance. Manual ability classification was associated with limb position sense and haptic object recognition. A moderate inverse correlation (r = -.57, p < .01) exists between the number of somatosensory domains impaired and motor performance., Conclusion: The frequency of somatosensory impairment in the upper limb of children in our sample was high and associated with manual ability, suggesting a need for routine assessment of somatosensation in this population., (© 2021 Occupational Therapy Australia.)
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- 2021
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49. SUpporting People in extreme POverty with Rehabilitation and Therapy (SUPPORT CP): A trial among families of children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh.
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Al Imam MH, Jahan I, Das MC, Bashar SMK, Khan A, Muhit M, Power R, Akbar D, Badawi N, and Khandaker G
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- Humans, Child, Quality of Life, Bangladesh, Pandemics, Poverty, Cerebral Palsy, COVID-19
- Abstract
Aim: To test the efficacy of an integrated microfinance/livelihood and community-based rehabilitation (IMCBR) programme in improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and motor function of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and gain in social capital to their ultra-poor families in rural Bangladesh., Method: This was an open-label cluster randomized control trial. Children with CP aged 5 years or under were randomly allocated to three arms; Arm A: IMCBR; Arm B: community-based rehabilitation (CBR); and Arm C: care-as-usual. The CBR was modified with phone follow-up followed by home-based CBR at 2.5 months post-enrolment because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed., Results: Twenty-four clusters constituting 251 children-primary caregivers' dyads were assigned to three arms (Arm A = 80; Arm B = 82; Arm C = 89). Between baseline and endline, the percentage mean change in the physical functioning domain of HRQoL was highest in Arm A (30.0%) with a significant mean difference between Arm A and Arm B (p = 0.015). Improvement in the mean social capital score was significantly higher in Arm A compared to Arm C (p < 0.001)., Interpretation: The findings suggest that IMCBR could improve the HRQoL of children with CP and the social capital of their ultra-poor families. Long-term follow-up of the trial participants and future exploration of such interventions are essential. The integrated livelihood and CBR programme holds potential to improve health and well-being of children with CP and their ultra-poor families., What This Paper Adds: Half of the families who received livelihoods were impacted by a cold-wave, suggesting the need for a more disaster-resilient livelihood asset. The integration of livelihood with community-based rehabilitation programme helps to improve health-related quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and the social capital of their ultra-poor families., (© 2022 Mac Keith Press.)
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- 2023
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50. Supported-standing interventions for children and young adults with non-ambulant cerebral palsy: A scoping review.
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McLean LJ, Paleg GS, and Livingstone RW
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- Child, Humans, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Exercise, Qualitative Research, Cerebral Palsy therapy
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Aim: To describe the evidence, outcomes, and lived experience of supported standing for children and young adults with cerebral palsy aged 25 years or younger, classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV and V., Method: This scoping review included searches in eight electronic databases and manual searching from database inception to May 2020 and updated on 21st February 2022. Two of three reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts and extracted and appraised data. Methodological quality and risk of bias were appraised using tools appropriate to study type. Content analysis and frequency effect sizes were calculated for qualitative and descriptive evidence., Results: From 126 full-text references, 59 citations (one study was reported over two citations) were included: 16 systematic reviews, 17 intervention studies reporting over 18 citations, eight analytical cross-sectional studies, five descriptive cross-sectional/survey studies, five qualitative studies, and one mixed-methods study were identified, along with six clinical guidelines. Maintenance of bone mineral density and contracture prevention outcomes were supported by the most experimental studies and evidence syntheses, while evidence supporting other outcomes was primarily quasi-experimental or descriptive. Qualitative evidence suggests that programmes are influenced by attitudes, device, child, and environmental factors., Interpretation: Individualized assessment and prescription are essential to match personal and environmental needs. Although experimental evidence is limited due to many factors, lived-experience and cohort data suggest that successful integration of standing programmes into age-appropriate and meaningful activities may enhance function, participation, and overall health., What This Paper Adds: Supported-standing interventions may provide an important psychosocial and physical change of position. Supported standing is not passive for those classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System level IV or V. Supported standing may enhance social participation, functional abilities, and fitness. Children need choice in where and when to stand., (© 2022 Mac Keith Press.)
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- 2023
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