4 results on '"Aghamohammadi, Nasrin"'
Search Results
2. Haze and health impacts in ASEAN countries: a systematic review.
- Author
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Ramakreshnan, Logaraj, Aghamohammadi, Nasrin, Fong, Chng Saun, Bulgiba, Awang, Zaki, Rafdzah Ahmad, Wong, Li Ping, and Sulaiman, Nik Meriam
- Subjects
HAZE ,AIR pollution measurement ,BIOMASS burning ,FOREST fires ,META-analysis ,PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of pollutants - Abstract
Seasonal haze episodes and the associated inimical health impacts have become a regular crisis among the ASEAN countries. Even though many emerging experimental and epidemiological studies have documented the plausible health effects of the predominating toxic pollutants of haze, the consistency among the reported findings by these studies is poorly understood. By addressing such gap, this review aimed to critically highlight the evidence of physical and psychological health impacts of haze from the available literature in ASEAN countries. Systematic literature survey from six electronic databases across the environmental and medical disciplines was performed, and 20 peer-reviewed studies out of 384 retrieved articles were selected. The evidence pertaining to the health impacts of haze based on field survey, laboratory tests, modelling and time-series analysis were extracted for expert judgement. In specific, no generalization can be made on the reported physical symptoms as no specific symptoms recorded in all the reviewed studies except for throat discomfort. Consistent evidence was found for the increase in respiratory morbidity, especially for asthma, whilst the children and the elderly are deemed to be the vulnerable groups of the haze-induced respiratory ailments. A consensual conclusion on the association between the cardiovascular morbidity and haze is unfeasible as the available studies are scanty and geographically limited albeit of some reported increased cases. A number of modelling and simulation studies demonstrated elevating respiratory mortality rates due to seasonal haze exposures over the years. Besides, evidence on cancer risk is inconsistent where industrial and vehicular emissions are also expected to play more notable roles than mere haze exposure. There are insufficient regional studies to examine the association between the mental health and haze. Limited toxicological studies in ASEAN countries often impede a comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanism of haze-induced toxic pollutants on human physiology. Therefore, the lack of consistent evidence among the reported haze-induced health effects as highlighted in this review calls for more intensive longitudinal and toxicological studies with greater statistical power to disseminate more reliable and congruent findings to empower the institutional health planning among the ASEAN countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Combustion characteristics of biomass in SouthEast Asia
- Author
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Aghamohammadi, Nasrin, Nik Sulaiman, Nik Meriam, and Aroua, Mohamed Kheireddine
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BIOMASS burning , *GASES from plants , *ACACIA , *FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy , *CARBON dioxide , *OXYGEN , *THERMAL analysis - Abstract
Abstract: Gas emission during combustion of mixed tropical wood, bamboo, oil palm trunk, acacia, and rubber wood have been investigated by using TG–MS in presence of oxygen as well as FTIR. The weight decreasing profiles and the gas formation rates of oil palm trunk was significantly different among the samples although their elemental composition was almost the same from biomass samples. It was found that H2O is the main product formed for all samples. The evolving rates of the gaseous products during the combustion and infrared spectrums such as CO, H2O, CO2, CH4 and COOH+ were found. The DTG curves spectrums for biomass present four overlapping peaks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Impact of regional haze towards air quality in Malaysia: A review.
- Author
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Latif, Mohd Talib, Othman, Murnira, Idris, Nurfathehah, Juneng, Liew, Abdullah, Ahmad Makmom, Hamzah, Wan Portia, Khan, Md Firoz, Nik Sulaiman, Nik Meriam, Jewaratnam, Jegalakshimi, Aghamohammadi, Nasrin, Sahani, Mazrura, Xiang, Chung Jing, Ahamad, Fatimah, Amil, Norhaniza, Darus, Mashitah, Varkkey, Helena, Tangang, Fredolin, and Jaafar, Abu Bakar
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HAZE , *AIR quality , *AIR pollutants , *PUBLIC health , *ENVIRONMENTAL chemistry - Abstract
Haze is a common phenomenon afflicting Southeast Asia (SEA), including Malaysia, and has occurred almost every year within the last few decades. Haze is associated with high level of air pollutants; it reduces visibility and affects human health in the affected SEA countries. This manuscript aims to review the potential origin, chemical compositions, impacts and mitigation strategies of haze in Malaysia. “Slash and burn” agricultural activities, deforestation and oil palm plantations on peat areas, particularly in Sumatra and Kalimantan, Indonesia were identified as the contributing factors to high intensity combustions that results in transboundary haze in Malaysia. During the southwest monsoon (June to September), the equatorial SEA region experiences a dry season and thus an elevated number of fire events. The prevailing southerly and south-westerly winds allow the cross-boundary transportation of pollutants from the burning areas in Sumatra and Kalimantan in Indonesia, to Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo, respectively. The dry periods caused by the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) prolong the duration of poor air quality. The size range of particulate matter (PM) in haze samples indicates that haze is dominated by fine particles. Secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA, such as SO 4 2- and NH 4 + ) and organic substances (such as levoglucosan, LG) were the main composition of PM during haze episodes. Local vehicular emissions and industrial activities also contribute to the amount of pollutants and can introduce toxic material such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Haze episodes have contributed to increasing hospital visits for treatments related to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, upper respiratory infections, asthma and rhinitis. Respiratory mortality increased 19% due to haze episodes. Children and senior citizens are more likely to suffer the health impacts of haze. The inpatient cost alone from haze episodes was estimated at around USD 91,000 per year in Malaysia. Almost all economic sectors also experienced losses, with the heaviest losses in the agriculture and tourism sectors. This review suggests several ways forward to reduce haze episodes in SEA and Malaysia. These include economic approaches, research collaborations and science-policy interface. Improving forecasting capabilities can help reduce response time to burning events and subsequently reduce its impacts. Lastly, commitment and involvement by individuals, government agencies, and the entrepreneurial private sectors are crucial to reduce biomass burning (BB) and haze episodes in SEA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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