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China is rich in karst resources and famous for its karst landscape. As a part of karst, the popularity of red karst is obviously low and has received little attention; moreover, the related scientific research and tourism development are relatively immature. Therefore, this paper takes the red karst in Tongren, Guizhou as the research object, analyzes the characteristics and causes of the red karst, comprehensively evaluates its landscape value, and puts forward development strategies and protection suggestions. Through the above research, the following three research results are obtained. (1) On the basis of a field investigation and a literature review, the geographical situation, background, and landscape characteristics of the red karst landform and its surrounding areas in Tongren City were investigated in detail. It forms isolated peaks, rock walls, protruding rocks, stone pillars, and other forms. The most prominent features of the red karst landscape in Tongren City are that the color is red and white, and the shape is concave and convex in order. (2) Geochemical test and structural data collection and analyses of the collected samples were performed. The obtain concave layer rock is dolomitic limestone, and that convex lay rock is argillaceous dolomitic limestone. Because the convex layer rock sample is high in silicon element content, the convex layer rock sample is not easy to be weathered, is rich in clay mineral, and is not easy to be corrode; the convex layer rock sample gradually protrudes with the passage of time to form an uneven shape. The red karst landform is developed in either the rock stratum or tectonic zone with moderate tectonic deformation intensity. First, the formation of a single-layer honeycomb morphology requires that the rock stratum is subjected to a sufficient horizontal compressive stress at a certain burial depth. Second, it is necessary to widely exist in areas with relatively gentle rock formation occurrence; too strong of a structural deformation will make the rock formation occurrence steep, which is not conducive to the occurrence of differential dissolution between adjacent strata. (3) Through the construction of an evaluation index system, the red karst in Tongren City is evaluated, and it is concluded that the geological heritage value is high, and the development and utilization conditions are weak. The conclusion of this article is a supplement to the geological and geomorphological system characteristics of southern karst. From the perspective of world natural heritage, the study enriches the academic evidence of red karst and enables its exemplary role to be well played. From the perspective of the tourism development value, more people should be made aware of the diverse types of karst landforms, which provide experience and suggestions for the value of landforms, tourism resources, and tourism development in similar areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior to this study, no species of Pseudophanias Raffray had been reported from Nanling, a vast biodiversity conservation area that spans five provinces in southern China. In this paper, three new species of the genus are described: Pseudophanias furcilobus sp. nov. (Guizhou, Guangxi), P. leigong sp. nov. (Guizhou), and P. mulun sp. nov. (Guangxi), suggesting that additional study on the diversity of this group in the area is required. These species are characterized, keyed, and compared to similar congeners, supplemented with illustrations of the habitus and other morphological characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mineral Resources Management / Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi is the property of Mineral & Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Why do provincial governments change policy, even when those policies have proven successful? This paper explores a debate regarding the determinants of provincial policy choice and the degree of discretion provinces are permitted in this area. It does so by scrutinizing the shift in Guizhou's development policy from a poverty reduction orientation to a wholehearted pursuit of economic growth, urbanization and industrialization. In contrast to those who argue that central experience, prospects for promotion or local conditions are key factors explaining policy choice, the paper concludes that Guizhou's shift in policy had more to do with the backgrounds and experiences of top provincial leaders. The result has implications for our understanding of central–local relations and local government decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A carbon peak in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060 are major strategic development goals for China. Driven by the ambitious goal of achieving a carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the development of green innovation technology is an important method of achieving these aims. Speeding up energy transformation and tapping into the carbon sink capacity of the natural ecosystem are key to this process. The strategic path of green development deserves further discussion. This study takes Guizhou province as an example. Based on the actual situation of Guizhou province and the characteristics of karst areas, through the collection and collation of the existing literature, policies, and technologies and the analysis of typical cases, this paper summarizes and analyzes ecological restoration and negative carbon emissions in karst areas; water-energy-carbon coupling, energy saving, and emissions reduction technologies; industrial energy saving and emission-reduction technologies in karst areas; and CCUS technology for carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage. On this basis, the trend and orientation of green development in Guizhou are studied and judged, and countermeasures such as adhering to clean and efficient low-carbon utilization, strengthening the research on and development of carbon emission-reduction technology, and implementing carbon sink capacity buildings are put forward. Key core technology research and development innovation are recommended to establish a low-carbon science and technology innovation system. The efficient use of energy, the recycling of resources, negative emissions, and other strategies should be promoted. We also posit specific suggestions such as accelerating the transformation and application of green and low-carbon scientific and technological achievements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the reconstruction of a county tea industry in order to help map capitalist agrarian change in contemporary China. The concentration of the tea industry in Meitan County, Guizhou, that began in the 1930s was further centralized under a state-owned farm and factory after 1949. Following the 1990s decline of the state-owned industry, the tea industry reemerged in a new form under a process of state-directed capitalist agrarian change in the early 2000s. Contemporary Meitan's almost 500 independent tea processors market their products to the changing tastes of Chinese consumers. With an increased attention to tea "quality," capitalist processors have had to take greater control over the labor process of farmers. Thus the industry has taken on a complex structure through a process of vertically integrating tea growers and processors, making use of a county tea producers association, dragonhead enterprises, specialized cooperatives, contract farming, and new property forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, due to adverse geological conditions, intense human engineering activities, and extreme weather conditions, catastrophic landslides have frequently occurred in southwest China, causing severe loss of life and property. Identifying the kinematic features of potential landslides can effectively support landslide hazard prevention. This study proposes a remote sensing identification method for rotational, planar traction, and planar thrust slides based on geomorphic features as well as vertical and slope-oriented deformation rates. Rotational landslides are characterized by similar vertical and horizontal deformation rates, with vertical deformation mainly occurring at the head and gradually decreasing along the slope, while horizontal deformation mainly occurs at the foot and gradually increases along the slope. As for the planar slide, the dominant deformation is in the horizontal direction. It is further classified into the planar traction and planar thrust types according to the driving position. The vertical deformation of planar traction slides is concentrated at the foot, while the vertical deformation of planar thrust slides is concentrated at the head of the landslide. We identified 1 rotational landslide, 10 planar traction landslides and 10 planar thrust landslides in the basalt weathering crust area of Guizhou. Field investigations of three landslides verified the method's accuracy. Combining two-dimensional rainfall and time-series deformations, we found that there is a significant positive correlation between landslide deformation acceleration and precipitation. The landslide kinematic identification method proposed in this paper overcomes the shortcomings of the inability to accurately characterize landslide motion by line-of-sight displacement and realizes the non-contact identification of active landslide motion patterns, which is an essential reference value for geological disaster prevention and control in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a case study in frontier colonization, and the subsequent transformation of that colonization into heritage, in order to explore the peripheral processes and projects of state making in China. The paper approaches China’s frontiers as exceptional spaces that compel the state to perform projects of purification. Such projects aim to order frontier space through bordering and “civilizing” practices, yet tend to also have disordering effects. The paper argues that state territorialization of frontier space is achieved through ongoing efforts to order space through such purifying projects which, in turn, generate new disordered outcomes. This argument is developed through an analysis of historiography and heritage-making of “tunpu” (屯堡) culture in central Guizhou. The historiography of tunpu culture provides insight into the ways genealogical records, state minzu ethnic classifications, and contemporary efforts at heritage promotion can all be understood as purifying projects of bordering that in fact introduce outcomes which require more borders. Tunpu, in other words, provides a lens through which to appreciate the central role of the frontier bordering in Chinese statecraft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paraphlomis kuankuoshuiensis (Lamiaceae), a new species found in the limestone areas of northern Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated in this paper. Based on its tubular-campanulate calyx, this taxon should be a member of sect. Paraphlomis Prain. The new species resembles P. patentisetulosa C.Y. Wu & H. W. Li, P. hispida C.Y. Wu, and P. hirsutissima C.Y. Wu & H.W. Li, but differs from these three taxa in the following aspects: the stems are very short (<7 cm), with one or two short internodes, giving the impression of having a tuft of basal leaves; it has sparsely setose hairs on the outer surface of the calyces and short fruiting calyces. The florescence, fruit period, habitat, and the geographical distribution of P. kuankuoshuiensis are also quite different from the three closely related species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal seams can enrich a variety of harmful trace elements under specific geological conditions. The spatial distribution of harmful trace elements in coal is extremely uneven, and the distribution characteristics of each element content are different. The harmful elements released in the process of coal mining and utilization will cause serious harm to the environment and the human body. It is of great resource significance to study the geochemistry of coal that affects the enrichment and distribution characteristics of harmful trace elements. Based on the domestic and foreign literature on coal geochemistry in Guizhou published by previous investigators, this study counted 1097 sample data from 23 major coal-producing counties in Guizhou Province, systematically summarized the relevant research results of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou, and revealed the overall distribution and enrichment characteristics of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou. The results show that the average contents of Cd, Pb, Se, Cu, Mo, U, V, As, Hg, and Cr in coal of Guizhou are higher than those in Chinese coal and world coal. A variety of harmful trace elements in the coal of Guizhou have high background values, especially in Liupanshui, Xingyi and Qianbei coalfield. The enrichment of various harmful trace elements in the Late Permian coal in Guizhou is mainly related to the combined action of various geological and geochemical factors. The supply of terrigenous debris and sedimentary environment may be the basic background of the enrichment of harmful elements in western Guizhou, while low-temperature hydrothermal activity and volcanic ash deposition may be the main reasons for the enrichment of harmful elements in southwestern Guizhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of the 1950s, the nationality policy of the People's Republic of China granted the Sui, a Tai-speaking minority (Kam-sui group of the Kadai branch) in southern Guizhou, the status of nationality under the Chinese name "shui" and allocated them an autonomous administrative territory in their name with the rank of district. The study presented here provides an example of the territorial production of the Chinese state captured on a local scale, where questions of ethnic identification and regional autonomy present their own configurations. We begin by examining the classification procedures of the Qing imperial state, which at the end of the seventeenth century drew the first official contours of a Sui territory by dissociating them from the other 'barbarian' (Miao) populations of the region. The role of the classifications produced by Chinese ethnology in the Republican period in the future recognition of the Sui as a nationality is then highlighted, as is the founding role of the Sui scholar Pan Yizhi, of Sui ethnicity, who was briefly entrusted with the vice-presidency of the Sui autonomous district in 1957. The recent re-publication of his work, which was ill-treated during the Cultural Revolution, allows us to retrace the stages in the process of its creation. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the instrumentalisation of this founding period for contemporary local development purposes.

To improve the quality of human–computer interaction, it is important for computers to be able to identify the images quickly that can trigger pleasant feelings and create a good user experience. To reach this goal, the affective classification of images is an important prerequisite. Prior research into affective image classification used image features as categorical measurable signals. However, these techniques failed to provide a good correlation between the signal properties of image features and the expected affective experience of the viewer, leaving the research unable to bridge the affective gap. To solve this problem, in this paper we propose a method of affective image classification based on information about the user's experience collected through measurable eye movements and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. This approach bridges the affective gap by establishing an association between experience information (measurable signal properties) and the expected affective experience of the viewer. First, we screened eye movement indexes and EEG indexes to provide an affective correlation index. Then we built an experience space based on participants' physiological data obtained using an eye tracker and EEG recorder simultaneously. Next, physiological experience data from the experience space were extracted, analyzed mathematically and normalized to obtain parametric physiological experience data. Using a multiple linear regression technique, we connected the participants' affective states and physiological experience data. We developed a quantitative mapping between the affective experience states and the sample images to acquire the classification of affective images. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed classification method, we conducted a study in which 16 abstract art paintings were classified as positive, negative or neutral based on subjects' physiological responses. The results showed that the proposed affective image classification method was accurate and successful in identifying images that can lead to a pleasurable experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 20 laterite bauxite deposits have been discovered in the Wuchuan-Zheng'an-Daozhen region, northern Guizhou province, which is important bauxite orefield of China. Based on the reflectance spectra characteristics and low SiO2 content of bauxite ore, this paper applied the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) imagery to produce large-middle scale remote sensing geological interpretation, map the orebearing stratum, extract metallogenic zones for bauxite deposits by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and SiO2 index. These results provide clues for future investigation of bauxite resources in this study area and an effective case reference for the remote sensing geological survey of bauxite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose/Background: This study investigated the impact of Miao-themed souvenir toy design on promoting tourism in Guizhou, China. The culturally diverse province has an opportunity to leverage ethnic arts for tourism growth. Authentic representation of minority groups through creative mediums can attract visitor interest. Methods: A qualitative approach was used involving semi-structured interviews with Miao artisans who design souvenirs. Detailed interviews examined artistic processes and cultural representations in toys. Interview transcripts were analyzed using coding and thematic analysis. Findings: Interviews highlighted the cultural significance of toys for promoting both Miao heritage and local tourism. Artisans play a key role in authentically conveying minority culture through creative souvenirs. Culturally symbolic elements in toys resonate with tourists seeking an immersive experience. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate souvenir toy design as an avenue for boosting tourism while preserving ethnic arts in Guizhou. However, time limitations prevented thorough investigation of tourist preferences and trends influencing market success. Ongoing research is critically needed on optimizing cultural designs and effective promotion for visitor appeal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Shuicheng area in Guizhou (China) contains extensive coalbed methane (CBM) resources in the Permian Longtan Formation and it has high potential for large-scale exploration and development. However, exploration and development have started in a few areas in these regions. Evaluating CBM exploration potential (EP) areas is crucial for efficient exploration. Using an artificial neural network (ANN) model, this research established a CBM EP model for evaluating prospective areas in the Dahebian, Shenxianpo, and Tudiya CBM blocks. Thirty-four coal seams exist in the research area, with coal seams 01# and 07# highly developed exclusively in Dahebian and Shenxianpo blocks, coal seams 09#, 11#, 12#, 13#, and 14# throughout the three blocks, and coal seam 25# in the southern portion of Tudiya blocks. The coal seam 11# is the thickest (0.2–11.48 m), with buried depth of 102–1522 m, and is characterized by a wide range of properties variation: low- to high-rank coal (Ro% 0.6–2.5), gas content range of 0.43–20.12 m3/t, and weak to highly deformed by a string of normal and reverse faults. Considering six key evaluation parameters (thickness, buried depth, gas content, rank, structural and roof sealing conditions), an EP model was developed, and the analytic hierarchy process membership function and pairwise comparison matrix were used to calculate the weight of each parameter. A mathematical model has determined the comprehensive CBM EP coefficient and the evaluation scores ranged 0–1; the high scores represent high CBM EP. In total, 101,965 data points of the six input neurons and one target neuron were extracted from the 3D parameter model and the result of the EP model, respectively, and were used to train the ANN model. The model performed high accuracy based on R and R2 and minimum mean square error and root mean square error. The results reflect that the model construction was 99% accurate, and the established EP model in this study was also 99% precise and adequate for evaluating the favorable areas for exploration. The results show that the EP values of > 0.8 represents medium to thick coal seam, weakly deformed medium-rank coal having high gas content and buried within 600–1200 m. The EP values of 0.65–0.8 indicate medium thick, medium to high-rank coal with weak-moderately deformed coal having a depth range of 400–1200 m. In areas with EP values of < 0.65, coal seams are thin, highly deformed, middle to high-rank coal with medium to high gas content and < 400 and > 1200 m buried depth. Two very high-potential (VHP), three high-potential, and two medium-potential areas were identified; among them, VHP-1 in the Biandanwan area had the most significant potential, which is supported by CBM development data. This model can significantly impact successful CBM exploration and development of complex geological settings areas in the Guizhou province in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use change and water supply–demand assessment are critical to achieving regional sustainable development and improving human wellbeing. In the context of complex climate change and socioeconomic development, there is an urgent need for systematic assessment and forecasting studies on how to combine physical, geographical, and socioeconomic factors to clarify patterns of change in the land use change and water supply–demand, as well as to respond appropriately to different climate and socioeconomic development scenarios in the future. Based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways-Representative Concentration Pathway (SSP-RCP) scenarios, a framework for simulating future land use change and assessing water supply–demand in the coupled SD-PLUS-InVEST model was constructed. The land use change in Guizhou Province from 2020 to 2050 was simulated using the SD-PLUS model, and the water supply–demand conditions were projected for 2030, 2040, and 2050 under multiple scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585). The research results indicated that (1) The land use change in the study area has significant spatial heterogeneity. It showed similar trends in the land use change in the SSP126 and SSP245 scenarios, with both artificial surfaces and forest showing an expansion trend, but the expansion of forest was most typical in the southwestern region in the SSP126 scenario, and there is a significant increase in the northeastern region in the SSP245 scenario. Additionally, there is a rapid expansion of artificial surfaces in the central region in the SSP585 scenario, and a more rapid expansion of cultivated land in the southeastern region, with a significant increase in the area of water bodies. (2) The changes in water supply from 2020 to 2050 under the three scenarios show a smaller increase (5.22–11.88%), a significant increase in water demand (29.45–58.84%), and an increase in the area of water shortage by about 2708.94–9084.40 km2, with the extent of the shortage increasing by about 23.71–79.50%. (3) According to the results of the SSP-RCP scenario projections, socioeconomic development has a significant impact on the growth of water demand, and climate and land use change may exacerbate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of water supply–demand in the karst region. The systematic study of land use change and water supply–demand in Guizhou can provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of regional ecosystems and the rational allocation of land and water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The area of karst terrain in China covers 3.63×106 km2, with more than 40% in the southwestern region over the Guizhou Plateau. Karst comprises exposed carbonate bedrock over approximately 1.30×106 km2 of this area, which suffers from soil degradation and poor crop yield. This paper aims to gain a better understanding of the environmental controls on crop yield in order to enable more sustainable use of natural resources for food production and development. More precisely, four kinds of artificial neural network were used to analyse and simulate the spatial patterns of crop yield for seven crop species grown in Guizhou Province, exploring the relationships with meteorological, soil, irrigation and fertilization factors. The results of spatial classification showed that most regions of high-level crop yield per area and total crop yield are located in the central-north area of Guizhou. Moreover, the three artificial neural networks used to simulate the spatial patterns of crop yield all demonstrated a good correlation coefficient between simulated and true yield. However, the Back Propagation network had the best performance based on both accuracy and runtime. Among the 13 influencing factors investigated, temperature (16.4%), radiation (15.3%), soil moisture (13.5%), fertilization of N (13.5%) and P (12.4%) had the largest contribution to crop yield spatial distribution. These results suggest that neural networks have potential application in identifying environmental controls on crop yield and in modelling spatial patterns of crop yield, which could enable local stakeholders to realize sustainable development and crop production goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A c. 0.30 m thick cherty limestone bed in the Dalong Formation at Gujiao (Guizhou) has yielded a highly diverse Changhsingian nautiloid assemblage. Its age is late Changhsingian, indicated by the co‐occurring ammonoid Pseudotirolites sp. This assemblage is composed of nine species and five taxa in open nomenclature in nine genera, including one new genus and three new species: Neotainoceras zhaoi sp. nov., Nodopleuroceras gujiaoense sp. nov. and Gujiaonautilus longliensis gen. et sp. nov. Sholakoceras is for the first time recorded in South China. Compared with literature data from 52 sites in various regions worldwide, the material described here presents the most diverse Changhsingian nautiloid assemblage. Among the genera of the Gujiao assemblage, Pleuronautilus, Tainoceras and Liroceras are cosmopolitan, while the others are more endemic or genera known so far only from South China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering is the property of INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The evolution of the global sulfur isotope curve was plotted based on the δ 34S values of evaporates resultant from oceanic evaporation. In the long period of geological history the δ 34S values showed obvious peaks for three times during the process of ancient oceans’ sulfur isotope evolution, namely the Early Cambrian (+30‰), the Late Devonian (+25‰) and the Permian-Triassic transition interval (+17‰), but the causes of the abnormal rise of sulfur isotopic values during the geological period are still in question. In this paper, 18 samples collected from a large Devonian barite deposit from Zhenning County were analyzed to determine their δ 34S values, revealing that the 18 samples have very high δ 34S values (δ 34S=41.88‰–+68.39‰), with an average close to 56.30‰, which are higher than the isotopic values of contemporary sulfates (+17‰–+25‰). A comparative analysis was conducted of the emerging of high δ 34S barite deposits (from Cambrian and Devonian) and the δ 34S variation curves of the ancient oceans. The results indicate that the time when the obvious peaks of δ 34S values appeared and the time of massive sedimentation of high δ 34S barite deposits are very close to each other, which, in our opinion, is not a coincidence. There may exist some correlations between the sulfur isotope evolution of ancient oceans during the diverse periods of geological history and the massive sedimentation of high δ 34S barite deposits. Therefore, it is inferred that perhaps it was the massive sedimentation of high δ 34S barites that caused the sharp rise of δ 34S values in a short period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of gold ore prospecting and exploration in recent years a new type of micro-disseminated gold deposits have been found in the regions of Southwest Guizhou Province and Northwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with the orebodies directly occurring in diabase or in the contact zone between diabase and strata. The orebodies are strictly controlled by fault structures. The discovery of this type of gold deposits has brought about new prospects for gold ore prospecting in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi Golden Triangle region. From the preliminary analysis of the geological characteristics of the Qiaoxiang gold deposit in Wangmo County, in combination with the results of research work in the adjacent areas in recent years, this paper roughly described the geological characteristics and metallogenic conditions of this type of gold ore deposits with an attempt to make more and more geologists pay enough attention to this type of gold ore deposits, so as to promote gold ore prospecting in Guizhou Province to develop toward a variety of types of gold deposits in all round way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Guizhou Province, and in the border of Guizhou and Chongqing, having a subtropical humid monsoon climate. There is no severe heat in summer, and no severe cold in winter. It has distinct national characteristics, and there are many biological resources with national characteristics. A systematic investigation of biological resources in the county for nearly a month was carried out by organizing a professional investigation team. The investigation covered 5 townships and we visited 12 village committees and 26 villagers' groups, involving three ethnic groups: Gelao, Tujia and Miao. The biological resources closely related to the agricultural production and life of local ethnic groups were investigated, collected and sorted out. A total of 230 samples of all kinds of resources were collected, including 47 food crops, 75 vegetables and annual crops, 37 fruit trees and perennial crops, and 71 medicinal plants. Of these, a total of 73 were unique, superior and special resources. Based on general investigation and professional investigation, this paper analyzes the present situation, growth and decline of local agricultural biological resources, and puts forward some suggestions for the protection, development and utilization of agricultural biological resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of the genus Catapiestus Perty, 1831 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Cnodalonini), C. bispinosus, is described from Leigonsan National Nature Reserve, Leishan County, Guizhou, China. The identification key by Lang and Ren for the species of Catapiestus is modified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivation of the economic crop flue-cured tobacco is greatly impacted by natural climates, making it a risk industry. In recent years, flue-cured tobacco production is influenced by extreme weather such as typhoon, low temperature, hail, frost, drought, plant diseases and insect pests. It is imperative to establish a sound insurance system for tobacco planting. In this paper, the practice and functions of tobacco planting insurance in Qianxinan Prefecture were summarized, the experience and existing problems in the practice process were analyzed, and finally the countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to further improve the tobacco planting insurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piroplasmosis is a zoonotic disease mainly caused by the Babesia and Theileria parasites. Piroplasmosis is often a subclinical infection in dogs and cats that is difficult to detect and is often suspected when clinical signs such as anemia are present. It has been reported to be prevalent in China. However, molecular evidence of the disease has not been reported in pet dogs and cats in Guiyang. In this study, we collected 307 anticoagulated blood samples from an animal hospital in the Wudang District of Guiyang during the period March 2021 to November 2021 and extracted DNA from the samples. The 18S rDNA gene was amplified using PCR, and the positive amplification product was sequenced. The sequences were then analyzed for homology and phylogeny. Of the 307 samples collected, 164 were feline and 143 were canine, with a total of 23 amplifying a target band of approximately 400 bp. The percentage of positives of piroplasms infection in pet cats was 4.27% (7/164), with the pathogens being T. uilenbergi (3) and T. luwenshuni (4). One Colpodella sp. and two undetermined species were also detected in the cat samples. The percentage of positives of piroplasms infection in pet dogs was 7.69% (11/143), with the pathogen being T. uilenbergi (11). One Colpodella sp. was also detected in the dog samples. The results confirmed that T. uilenbergi and T. luwenshuni are prevalent in pet cats and dogs in this area. In addition, the study found a rare zoonotic pathogen, Colpodella sp., in cats and dogs. Therefore, this study is expected to serve as a valuable reference for decision-making regarding animal health management and public health work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the large-scale implementation of China's ex situ poverty alleviation relocation (ESPAR) policy, China's poverty-alleviation migrants (PAMs) have increased significantly in a short period of time. The majority of the literature has indicated that the changes associated with resettlement in, for example, livelihood, living environment, and living standards have improved the lives of the PAMs. However, a few researchers have studied PAMs' subjective well-being (SWB) after relocation. Taking the PAMs in Anshun City, Guizhou Province of China as an example, this work used interviews and questionnaire surveys to investigate the well-being of PAMs under three resettlement models––resettlement in nearby villages and townships, resettlement in county seats, and resettlement in cities. Through a multiple linear regression model, we analyzed the SWB level and influencing factors of PAMs, and the differences in SWB under different resettlement models. The results show that: (1) the overall SWB level of PAMs is relatively high; (2) living conditions and public services, livelihoods and housing, lifestyle, and social networks all have significant impacts on the SWB of PAMs; and (3) the SWB levels of the migrants resettled in county seats is the highest, followed by resettlement in cities, and resettlement in nearby villages and townships. We also put forward relevant guiding suggestions, hoping to provide references for the sustainable development of future ESPAR projects. Moreover, we hope that this work has guiding significance for improving the mental health of PAMs and constructing healthy living cities for PAMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the chili pepper industry in Guizhou and how it intersects with a push toward high-tech, digital agriculture schemes as part of Guizhou's economic development driven by a data economy. State bureaus, tech companies, and research institutes around rural development cast digital, data-driven agriculture as a broadly positive development that will provide environmental sustainability and economic benefits to small farmers. In examining Guizhou's Chili Pepper City, I argue that such initiatives maintain state power through accelerating complexity and implementation of universalizing technologies. In the context of Guizhou, these universalizing technologies are intertwined with a legacy of China's own settler dynamics, the political uses of poverty alleviation and environmentalism to control land, and socialist legacies of using agricultural modernization toward nationalist ends. I draw on a multitude of news articles, journals, and secondary sources, as well as repeat site visits and interviews that I conducted in Guizhou from 2017 to 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elevated concentrations of uranium have been found in many bauxite deposits, but the status of uranium in the ores and the mechanisms of enrichment have not been well understood. In this paper, we report a new case of uranium enrichment in a paleo-karstic bauxite deposit at Yunfeng, southwestern China, present electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and Raman spectroscopic evidence for the presence of separate U-minerals, and propose a model in which uranium was enriched through successive processes from chemical weathering through early to burial diagenesis. The Yunfeng bauxite ores, developed in Lower Carboniferous mudrocks overlying Middle to Upper Cambrian carbonate rocks, contain 18.0 to 62.4 ppm (average 35.1 ppm) U, which is much high than the abundances in average crustal rocks (1–3 ppm). Micron-sized uraninite occurs as rims of Ti-oxides, fillings of micro-fractures in kaolinite, and disseminated grains in association with sulfides in the matrix of diaspore and kaolinite. Trace and rare earth elements analysis indicates that the bauxite ores could not be produced by in-situ weathering of the carbonates underlying the orebodies. Instead, the precursor rocks of the bauxite ores are inferred to be black shales originally enriched in uranium that were exposed tens of kilometers away. Detrital grains of the black shales were transported and accumulated in depressions above karstified carbonates in the Yunfeng area, where they were subjected to intense weathering to form bauxite ores. The weathering of the shale clasts liberated much of the uranium due to oxidation of uranium from U 4+ to U 6+ . However, the majority of the U 6+ was reduced to U 4+ again due to availability of reducing agents such as organic matter and sulfides originally in the shales, forming nanocrystals of UO 2+x in close association with Ti-oxides disseminated in Al-hydroxides and clay minerals. These nanocrystals of UO 2+x were converted to uraninite during diagenesis, together with the convention of gibbsite and boehmite to diaspore and the formation of anhedral to euhedral pyrite and various Cu-, Pb-, Ni- and Co-rich sulfides. The recognition of uraninite in the bauxite ores is important for uranium exploration and for evaluation of the economic value of uranium as a byproduct of bauxite deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new Stenus species of the cirrus group collected from Guizhou Province, southwest China, are described: S. dashaheensis sp. n., S. zhangyuqingi sp. n., and S. liuyixiaoi sp. n. The diagnostic characters of the new species are illustrated, and a key to species of the group from Guizhou Province is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Puding County in central Guizhou is a typical karst ecologically vulnerable area integrating rural, mountainous, and ecological migration areas. It is essential to study the dynamic trajectory and direction of its agroecosystems (AESs) transformation to promote sustainable land use development in karst mountain areas. Based on high-resolution remote sensing images from 2004 to 2020, this study analyzes the transformation characteristics, typical landscape patterns, and their driving forces of AESs using the landscape pattern index, moving window method, and Geodetector model. The results show that: (i) The overall landscape pattern of AESs in the study area developed towards complexity and diversification from 2004 to 2020. The overall trend of woodland and grassland (WGL) is increasing, the slope cultivated land (SCL) is shrinking, the construction land (CL) is spreading and expanding along the vicinity of the town, and the economic and fruit forests (EFF) are increasing significantly. (ii) Three typical patterns are concluded according to the main transformation directions of AESs: WGL restoration type, CL growth type, and EFF growth type; middle and high mountains are dominated by the WGL restoration type with increased ecological functions, and the concentration of the new WGL increases with the increase in elevation; low mountain areas are dominated by the CL growth type with enhanced living functions, and the concentration of the new CL decreases with the increase in slope and elevation; valleys and hills are dominated by the EFF growth type with enhanced ecological and economic functions, and the concentration of the new EFF increases with the decrease in slope and elevation. (iii) Socio-economic factors are the dominant drivers of AES transformation. The WGL restoration type is dominated by slope and elevation, the CL growth type is mainly influenced by slope and urbanization rate, and the EFF growth type is primarily influenced by soil organic matter, slope, urbanization rate, and resident population. The study results have implications for rural land use, rural development, and ecological restoration of rocky desertification in karst mountain areas and other similar mountainous areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, the loss of forest vegetation is a significant concern due to the crucial roles that forests play in the Earth's system, including the provision of ecosystem services, participation in biogeochemical cycles, and support for human well-being. Forests are especially critical in mountains environments, where deforestation can lead to accelerated biodiversity loss, soil erosion, flooding, and reduced agricultural productivity, as well as increased poverty rates. In response to these problems, China has implemented a series of ecological restoration programs aimed at restoring forests. However, there is a lack of knowledge as to whether the forest cover is increasing or decreasing, as well as the relative roles played by natural and human factors in forest change. Here, we aim to address these issues by analyzing the pattern and process of the forest changes in Guizhou province, a typical mountainous karst area with a fragile environment in southwestern China, between 1980 and 2018, and evaluating the extent to which these forest changes were influenced by natural and anthropogenic driving forces. Using a temporal sequence of satellite images and a Markov model, we found that the forest cover increased by 468 km2, and that over 33% of the cropland in Guizhou province was converted into forest between 1980 and 2018, with the most significant increases in the forest cover occurring in Qiandongnan. Through correlation analyses and generalized linear model (GLM) regression, we demonstrate that management factors exerted a more significant positive impact on the forest cover than climate change. While the mean annual precipitation and temperature were mostly stable during the period studied, the effects of population and gross domestic product (GDP) on the forest changes weakened, and the influence of land-use change markedly increased. These findings provide valuable information for resource managers engaging in forest protection, deforestation prevention, and ecological restoration in similar regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Yungui Plateau is rich in fungal diversity. Hyphomycetes, growing on submerged wood, can promote the degradation of organisms and the reuse of rotten wood energy. During an investigation of hyphomycetes in this region, 19 species of dematiaceous hyphomycetes were collected in Yungui Plateau. New information Both morphological identification and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, tef1 and LSU sequences supported Coryneum sevenseptatis as a new species. Phaeoisaria guizhouensis and Pleurothecium yunanensis were introduced, based on morphology. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species were detailed. Known species are listed with notes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Leishan-Rongjiang antimony ore field (LAOF) is in a unique geotectonic location in the uplift between the Youjiang and Xiangzhong basins. This paper focuses on two representative deposits in the LAOF: the Bameng and Peize antimony (Sb) deposits. We analyzed fluid inclusions (FIs) in stibnite and coexisting quartz, as well as the sulfur isotopic composition of stibnite, to better understand the nature of the ore-forming fluid and the metallogenic process. The FIs data from samples of the stibnite and coexisting quartz indicate that the ore-forming fluids were characterized by low-temperature (150-210 °C), low-salinity (1.5 wt%-6.0 wt% NaCl equiv.), and low-density (0.872-0.961 g/cm). The δS values of stibnite (−8.21‰ to 3.76‰, average = −6.30‰) fall in between the sulfur isotopic compositions of the mantle and of biogenic sulfur in sedimentary rocks. However, the δS values (−4.41‰ to +0.04‰, average = −2.49‰) of the ore-forming fluids are generally closer to the sulfur isotopic composition of the mantle source, indicating that the sulfur in the LAOF was mainly sourced from the mantle, but with possible involvement of biogenic sulfur. In addition, FIs petrography and ore deposit geology show that fluid boiling resulted from an abrupt decrease in pressure, which may have triggered the precipitation of stibnite. We conclude that low-temperature, dilute hydrothermal fluids with mixed origins migrated along the regional fault and interacted with the wall rock, extracting the ore-forming materials. Then, the ore-forming fluids were injected into the fault fracture zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A late Kasimovian (Pennsylvanian) coral reef is reported in the Yanbanzhai (YBZ) area, southern Guizhou Province, South China. The YBZ coral reef, with a thickness of approximately 5.5 m and a lateral exposure of nearly 50 m, is primarily composed of the colonial rugose coral Fomichevella. The fusulinids collected from the reef indicates a late Kasimovian age. Five microfacies types have been identified, including coated bioclastic grainstone, coral (Fomichevella) framestone, bioclastic wackestone, bioclastic grainstone, and peloidal grainstone. The vertical evolution of the microfacies in the YBZ coral reef indicates major sedimentary environmental changes associated with relative sea‐level changes. The growth of the reef‐builder Fomichevella was controlled by the transgression and regression. Deep water promoted the upward expansion of Fomichevella, while shallow water inhibited its growth. Published records of atmospheric pCO2 estimation and sea‐surface temperatures, combined with geochemical proxies, confirm a warm climatic period during the late Kasimovian. This is an interglacial period conducive to the growth of the coral reef. Sea‐level and climate changes associated with the Late Palaeozoic ice age (LPIA) are interpreted as significant controls of the development of the YBZ coral reef. This research of the YBZ coral reef in South China provides practical palaeobiological evidence for global sea‐level rising during the late Kasimovian period caused by the high‐latitude Gondwana delaciation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological environmental security in karst areas is an issue of global concern. Identifying the ecological landscape security pattern (ELSP) is key to promoting environmental protection and alleviating the land development and utilization impacts. Ecological sources (ESs) and ecological corridors (ECs) are important bases for constructing an ELSP. We used five influencing factors (land use type, digital elevation model (DEM), rocky desertification degree, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and slope) to obtain the distribution of the importance and sensitivity values of ecosystem services in Guanling County, Guizhou Province. The probability of the connectivity index (PC) was calculated, and the ES was extracted by combining the importance of ecosystem services, ecological sensitivity, and landscape connectivity. According to the topographic and geomorphological characteristics of Guanling County, seven indicators of elevation, slope, landscape type, degree of stone desertification, distance from rivers, distance from settlements, and distance from roads were selected as resistance factors for the outward expansion of the ESs to calculate the comprehensive resistance surface of Guanling County. Based on the gravity model, an interaction matrix between 10 ESs was constructed, and the magnitude of the interaction forces between the source sites was quantitatively evaluated to distinguish the important ECs and general ECs. The study showed that the total length of the ECs in Guanling County was 509.78 km, and the core area of Guanling County was large, accounting for 65.73% of the ecological landscape area. By assessing the importance of ecosystem services, ecological sensitivity, and landscape connectivity, 10 ES and 45 EC were obtained based on ArcGIS10.8, which constituted the landscape security pattern of Guanling County by ESs and ECs. Suggestions were proposed for a planning layout that will benefit the ecological restoration of Guanling County and environmental protection of the karst region according to the study area characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The termitophilous genus Trichopsenius Horn, 1877 is recorded from China for the first time. A new species, Trichopsenius huaxiensis sp. nov. is described; it was collected in a nest of the termite genus Reticulitermes Holmgren from a dead and flattened pine tree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both transport development and poverty alleviation are vital for sustainable development. However, due to the lack of long-term, comparable, county-level transport accessibility and poverty incidence data, the spatiotemporal patterns of these factors have rarely been accurately revealed in the poverty-stricken regions of China, causing the impacts of transport accessibility on poverty alleviation to be difficult to quantify. Taking Guizhou Province in China as the study area, this study revealed the spatiotemporal patterns of transport accessibility and poverty alleviation in 88 counties from 2000 to 2018 based on multisource data, including nighttime light data, LandScan population data, and transport network data. It was found that the transport accessibility decreased from 4.9 h to 3.3 h, and the poverty index decreased from 0.75 to 0.29 on average. All these factors exhibited a "core–periphery" spatial pattern. Furthermore, the panel data regression analysis suggested that transport accessibility has played a dominant role in poverty alleviation, with an elasticity coefficient of 0.839. In the future, policies concerned to integrate transport development with rural industries such as agriculture, e-commence, and tourism are recommended for poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, which are especially significant for promoting sustainable development, securing a win–win of economic growth and social equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a developing country, China is also a major producer and consumer of mineral resources. At present, China is still in a critical period of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, which will inevitably lead to huge resource consumption. It is only 30 years between the peak carbon consumption and the timepoint planned to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. Coming from a background of dual pressure in terms of the total amount and intensity of "carbon neutrality", the development and utilization of mineral resources has become one of the important factors in affecting and realizing carbon neutrality in China, and comprehensive utilization has become increasingly important. There are abundant bauxite resources in northern Guizhou, more than 700 million tons, and an industrial resource chain could be built around bauxite. The ore-forming process of bauxite is very complex, and there are enrichment phenomena of other useful elements in the ore-bearing rock series, among which the enrichment of associated Ga, Li and rare earth elements is very obvious. It is of great economic and scientific significance to study the migration law of associated Ga, Li and rare earth elements and to find out whether these elements in bauxite have development value. On the basis of systematically collecting and sorting previous research results, this study carried out supplementary tests on some areas with insufficient data; summarized and studied the migration law of associated Ga, Li and rare earth elements in the Wuzhengdao bauxite deposit in northern Guizhou; and conducted a feasibility analysis on the development and utilization prospects of associated Ga, Li and rare earth elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global warming and climate change are becoming the most popular topics among scientists. In this century, the research focusing on the process and mechanism of the carbon cycle, especially the research of reducing the concentration of atmospheric CO2 (carbon sink and carbon sequestration technology), are the core issues of global change. The karst carbon sink was neglected due to the consideration that it was a geological process with a long timescale. Recently, studies have proven that carbonate rock weathering is a rapid and sensitive process, and the Fifth Climate Change Assessment Report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change confirmed this. Guizhou, as the center of karst in China, has the unique advantages of the karst carbon sink, and is the core area of the karst carbon sink. On the basis of summarizing the development and evolution trend of karst carbon sinks, through data collection and field research, the Carbon Neutralization Research Group of Guizhou Institute of Technology has conducted an exploratory investigation on karst carbon sinks in Guizhou Province, and basically identified the mechanism, influencing factors and measurement methods of karst carbon sinks in Guizhou karst areas. The results show that the potential of the karst carbon sink in Guizhou is huge. Vegetation restoration, soil improvement, irrigation with external water and the cultivation of aquatic plants are important ways to increase the karst carbon sink by artificial intervention. A series of achievements have been made in the theory, technology and platform construction of the karst carbon cycle geological survey and carbon sink effect evaluation. It is worth noting that there are still great challenges in karst carbon sink measurement and verification, and in the demonstration of artificial intervention in carbon sequestration and sink enhancement, which need to be continuously tackled and improved in the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and beyond, so as to meet the needs of the carbon neutralization target of geological carbon sink services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primula chishuiensis C.M. Hu, G. Hao & Y. Xu sp. nov. (Primulaceae) is described and illustrated from Guizhou, China. It is morphologically belonging to P. sect. Monocarpicae and allied to P. centellifolia and P. scopulicola, but can be distinguished by its homostylous flowers and broadly campanulate calyx which split to 3/4 of its length, and the broadly lanceolate lobes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten new karst cave-dwelling rhaphidophorids species of the subgenus Gymnaeta of the genus Tachycines are described from Guizhou Province, southern China; i.e., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) zhongi sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) jinniui sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) shibenzhangi sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) lahaidensis sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) pinglangus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) shanduensis sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) buyii sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) portae sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) ziyunensis sp.nov., and Tachycines (Gymnaeta) jialiangensis sp. nov. All specimens were collected from Guizhou Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stromatoporoids are the major constructors of a Givetian (Middle Devonian) fossil reef in shallow marine facies, in the Jiwozhai Member of the Dushan Formation, at Dahekou, near Dushan, Guizhou Province, South China. Stromatoporoids, together with other reef building and dwelling components (rugose corals, tabulates, chaetetids and others), form a high diversity community, making the Jiwozhai reef a palaeobiodiversity hotspot. In this study 11 species belonging to nine genera and four orders are identified, including Gerronostromaria grossum (Clathrodictyida), Pseudotrupetostroma porosum, and Salairella buecheliensis (Stromatoporida), Clathrocoilona spissa, Stictostroma saginatum, and Synthetostroma actinostromoides (Stromatoporellida) and ?Habrostroma laminosum, Parallelopora sp., Stachyodes costulata, Stachyodes fasciculata and Stachyodes sp. (Syringostromatida). Among them, Clathrocoilona spissa and Gerronostromaria grossum are the most abundant stromatoporoid taxa. Stromatoporoid growth form, size, substrate and growth interruption are considered to be key autecological parameters to evaluate their growth behaviour and contribution in reef formation. Skeletons of laminar Clathrocoilona spissa are commonly smaller (up to 40 mm in basal dimension and less than 2 mm in thickness) than other stromatoporoid taxa and frequently encrusted on other organisms. In contrast, Gerronostromaria grossum dominates the assemblage, with its larger laminar growth form (up to 500 mm in basal dimension and 40 mm in thickness) expanding both on bioclastic and clay-rich micritic substrate and shows repeated growth interruptions, altogether evidence that this taxon was resilient to environmental pressure and may have pioneered the reef development. The variation of growth preference among stromatoporoid taxa therefore indicates a different growth strategy of each stromatoporoid in this reef environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Soil erosion is a main cause of land degradation, and in its accelerated form is also one of the most serious ecological environmental problems. Moreover, there are few studies on migration of mercury (Hg) induced by soil erosion in seriously Hg-polluted districts. This paper selected Wanshan Hg mining area, SW China as the study area. Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) and Geographic information system (GIS) methods were applied to calculate soil and Hg erosion and to classify soil erosion intensity. Our results show that the soil erosion rate can reach up to 600,884tkm−2 yr−1. Surfaces associated with very slight and extremely severe erosion include 76.6% of the entire land in Wanshan. Furthermore, the cumulative erosion rates in the area impacted by extremely severe erosion make up 90.5% of the total. On an annual basis, Hg surface erosion load was predicted to be 505kgyr−1 and the corresponding mean migration flux of Hg was estimated to be 3.02kgkm−2 yr−1. The erosion loads of Hg resulting from farmland and meadow soil were 175 and 319kgyr−1 respectively, which were enhanced compared to other landscape types due to the fact that they are generally located in the steep zones associated with significant reclamation. Contributing to establish a mass balance of Hg in Wanshan Hg mining area, this study supplies a dependable scientific basis for controlling soil and water erosion in the local ecosystems. Land use change is the most effective way for reducing Hg erosion load in Wanshan mining area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]