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The corona discharge characteristics of an electrostatic precipitator are an important factor that affects particle charging and collection. The electrical characteristics of a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator and the particle transport behavior were studied by considering the electrohydrodynamics (EHD) and the effect of particle space charge through numerical simulation. Simulation results showed that the effect of particle space charge intensifies in extremely small particles, such as submicron particles. This condition significantly influences electric field, ionic charge density, and current. The electric field intensity and ionic charge concentration significantly decreased. The reduction in the minimum field intensity between the electrodes decreased to 50%, and the lowest concentration of the ionic charge tended to 0 when the particle size varied from 5 µm to 0.1 µm. When the applied voltage increased from 13 kV to 40 kV, the space charge ratio of the particles larger than 2 µm was reduced to almost 0 but remained at a high level for the particles less than 0.5 µm whose corresponding current was lower by 20% than that without particle condition. The ionic wind in the electrostatic field also weakened because the movement of ions was restricted for corona suppression, leading to decreased corona current. Furthermore, the particle transport behavior was compared considering the effect of particle space charge. Results indicated that the difference between the two conditions increased from 1.3% to 47.4% with decreasing particle size from 5 µm to 0.07 µm. In addition, the particle migration velocity of the 0.1 µm particles increased by 9.8%, from 0.2 to 0.1 µm, even if the drag force was reduced when considering the particle space charge. A modified I–V equation was provided, with fitting coefficient of 0.996, and is thus worthy of reference in practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Multi-field modeling on simultaneously removing mercury and particulate matter. • The mass transfer module shows relatively higher accuracy than previous models. • Sorbent particle size predominates over simultaneous removal efficiency. • The influences of other typical operating parameters are carefully discussed. • EHD conditions have complex effects on capture of mercury and particulate matter. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model coupled with gas-particle mass transfer, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) effect, electric field, particle motion and particle charging is established to advance the understanding of combined particulate matter precipitation and mercury capture within industrial electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). The comparisons between experimental data and numerical results demonstrate that this model can reasonably predict the mercury removal efficiency by powdered sorbent injection (PSI). The mechanism of simultaneous removal of mercury and particulate matter is then discussed in detail by considering the complex interactions among multi-physics. The influences of particle size, mercury concentration, particle injection rate and the EHD effect are investigated. The simulation results indicate that the mercury removal process is primarily controlled by the sorbent particle residence time, surface area and mass transfer rate. Accordingly, reducing the size of sorbent particles (activated carbon) can promote mercury removal efficiency while decreasing the particle collection efficiency. Increasing the initial mercury concentration and adsorbent mass loading also benefit mercury adsorption by influencing the mass transfer rate and the surface area. The EHD effect plays important roles in mercury removal and particle collection by means of altering the flow patterns and particle migration. The two mechanisms of in-flight and wall-bounded mercury adsorption affected by ionic wind are also evaluated and some interesting phenomena are observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]