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Purpose: To assess the reliability and validity of a subset of the Minimum Data Set (MDS) 3.0 Section GG data elements (i.e., standardized self-care, mobility) among 147 long-stay nursing home residents in seven nursing homes in five states. Method: Trained clinicians assessed residents' functional abilities using select Section GG items and Section G activities of daily living items. We examined the reliability and construct validity of the data using Cronbach's alpha, correlations between Section G and Section GG items, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Rasch measurement analysis. Results: We observed acceptable internal consistency values for all (0.98), self-care (0.93), and mobility (0.98) standardized items. Correlations between conceptually related Section G and Section GG items ranged from −0.53 to −0.84. CFA findings found acceptable values for all fit indices. Rasch analysis showed most items had acceptable fit statistics, except for the easiest and most difficult activities. Conclusion: These findings establish the feasibility of data collection, internal consistency reliability, and construct validity of the selected Section GG items among long-stay nursing home residents. Use of the same standardized data elements in post-acute and long-term care populations can support improved coding of function and enhance our understanding of resident functioning. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17(2), 57–64.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aging presents both challenges and opportunities. It will increase demand for health care to restore function or enhance residual functional capability and improving the quality of life in older people. The objective of the present investigation was to offer perspectives into the worldwide research production concerning the geriatric rehabilitation. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted utilizing the Scopus database covering the period of 1948 through 2022. Several methods and instruments were employed to scrutinize and illustrate the data. Results: The search strategy found 6630 articles. The United States was the most active country with the highest number of coauthors. VA Medical Center was the most active organization with Becker the most active author in Geriatric Rehabilitation research with 40 articles from Germany, followed by Hauer and Trabucchi with 39 and 37 articles, respectively. The most frequent words in this field were "rehabilitation, elderly, geriatrics, stroke, hip fracture, aged, dementia and activities of daily living." The most influential articles were specified. In terms of journals, BMC Geriatrics was the most active, while the most cited article was "Gait Variability and Fall Risk in Community-Living Older Adults: A 1-Year Prospective Study" by Hausdorff in 2001. Conclusions: Geriatric rehabilitation has received special attention in the last decade. Current studies highlight the importance and understanding of the unique needs of older adults. The core for this area that includes impairment related to physical, cognitive, and functional needs is considered. Hence, health care practitioners and scholars must prioritize geriatric rehabilitation as a specialty and comprehend the optimal strategy for supporting elderly individuals to maintain their independence as much as feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An early mobility program in a small community hospital resulted in high levels of staff engagement and decreased rates for falls and heel and sacral pressure injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Even small improvements in modifiable Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) risk factors could lead to a substantial reduction of dementia cases. Aims: To determine if self-reported functional limitation associates with ADRD symptoms 4–18 years later. Methods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study using the Health and Retirement Study of adults aged 51–59 years in 1998 without symptoms of ADRD by 2002 and followed them to 2016. Main exposure variables were difficulty with activities of daily living, mobility, large muscle strength, gross motor and upper limb activities. The outcome was incident ADRD identified by the Lange-Weir algorithm, death, or alive without ADRD. We fit two GEE multinomial models for each measure: (1) baseline measure of function and (2) change in function over time. Results: In the model with baseline only and outcome, only difficulty with mobility associated with future ADRD across levels of difficulty with near dose–response effect (risk ratios (RR) difficulty with 1–5 functions respectively, compared with no difficulty: 1.82; 2.70; 1.73 2.81; 4.03). Mobility also significantly associated with ADRD when allowing for change over time among those with 3, 4 or 5 versus no mobility limitations (RR 1.76; 2.36; 2.37). Discussion: The results infer that an adult in midlife reporting difficulty with mobility as well as those with no mobility limitations in midlife but who later report severe limitations may be at increased risk of incident ADRD. Conclusions: Self-reported measures of mobility limitation may be early indicators of ADRD and may be useful for public health planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the associations of heart failure (HF) with five domains of disability while controlling for covariates. Subjects with HF and aged ≥ 50 years were selected from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Five domains of disability were measured with 19 physical tasks. Logistic regression with adjustment for covariates was conducted. The prevalence of HF in 27,185 adults aged ≥ 50 years was 6.37%. After controlling for demographics and smoking, logistic regression showed that HF was associated with 2.8 to 3.4 times increased odds of all domains of disability compared to adults without HF, but with additional adjustments of covariates, the association was attenuated indicating the mediating effects of covariates. The future study may examine the mediating effects of covariates when intervening difficulties with lower extremity mobility and activities of daily living while considering in community-dwelling older adults with HF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether responses to Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form v2.0 - Physical Function 8c (PROMIS PF8c) items differed when the use of a 7-day recall period was compared with no specified recall period.Methods: Using a within-subject design, we surveyed 1810 individuals from the US general population, administering PROMIS PF8c at survey beginning and end. The order of measure presentation was randomly assigned. We calculated recall difference scores (RDSs) as no recall score minus 7-day recall score using both item response theory-based T scores and raw summed scores. We examined the distribution and created Bland-Altman plots for both RDSTscore and RDSRaw. We also calculated correlations between no recall versus 7-day recall T score and raw scores. Finally, we determined whether differences in no recall versus 7-day recall scores were associated with patient-reported PF.Results: RDSTscore and RDSRaw had means (root mean square differences) of 0.00 (5.43) and -0.04 (3.79), respectively. The vast majority (%) of RDSTscore and RDSRaw values fell between the Bland-Altman limits of agreement (-10.65 to 10.66 and -7.46 to 7.38, respectively). Pearson's correlations between no recall and 7-day recall for T scores and raw scores were 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. Effect sizes for mean RDSTscore and RDSRaw compared across level of Eastern Oncology Cooperative Group performance status, patient global impression of PF severity, and single PF items were near 0.Conclusions: We did not find any significant recall period effect on PF8c responses. Therefore, we recommend the use of the PROMIS physical function standard, with no specified recall time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Engaging in healthy behaviors may help to preserve function during aging; however, it is not well understood how sleeping time is associated with functional capacity in older adults. Aims: We sought to determine the association of sleeping time on functional limitation in a national sample of older Americans. Methods: The analytical sample included 6020 adults aged at least 65 years who participated in the 2007–2016 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Respondents indicated their hours of sleep/weeknight and were categorized as < 5, 5–6.5, 7–8, 8.5–9, and > 9 h of sleep/weeknight. Ability to complete 19 functional tasks including basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, leisure and social activities, lower extremity mobility activities, and general physical activities were also self-reported. A covariate-adjusted logistic model analyzed the associations between each sleeping time category and functional limitation. Results: Relative to those reporting 7–8 h of sleep/weeknight, older Americans reporting < 5, 5–6.5, 8.5–9, and > 9 h of sleep/weeknight had 1.66 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05, 2.62], 1.25 (CI: 1.02, 1.52), 1.59 (CI: 1.19, 2.12), and 2.99 (CI: 1.96, 4.56) greater odds for functional limitation, respectively. Discussion: Sleep should be recognized as a health factor that may reflect functional capacity in older adults. Healthcare providers should discuss the importance of optimal sleep with their older patients and older adults should practice healthy sleeping behaviors for preserving function. Conclusions: Not meeting optimal sleep recommendations is associated with functional limitations in older Americans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the co-development of cognitive and physical function in older Americans using an age-heterogeneous sample drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2008). We used multiple-group parallel process latent growth models to estimate the association between trajectories of cognitive function as measured by immediate word recall scores, and limitations in physical function as measured as an index of functional mobility limitations. Nested model fit testing was used to assess model fit for the separate trajectories followed by estimation of an unconditional parallel process model. Controls for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and chronic health conditions were added to the best-fitting parallel process model. Pattern mixture models were used to assess the sensitivity of the parameter estimates to the effect of selective attrition. Results indicated that favorable cognitive health and mobility at initial measurement were associated with faster decline in the alternate functional domain. The cross-process associations remained significant when we adjusted estimates for the influence of covariates and selective attrition. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were consistently associated with initial cognitive and physical health but had few relations with change in these measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological traits, such as character strengths, have been already established in experimental studies as factors playing a favorable role for well-being and potentially reducing the risk of depression. Positive associations have been also reported between character strengths and physical fitness, self-reported physical and mental health. Yet, evidence with large scale, epidemiological data on the role of character strength of honesty and integrity (CSHI) in shaping subsequent health outcomes and daily functioning remains unexplored. We examined whether the character strength of honesty and integrity was prospectively associated with six physical health outcomes, two depression outcomes, and two daily functioning outcomes. We used data from the Health and Retirement Study obtained from a sample of 9813 older adults. We found that after a 4-year follow-up period, compared with individuals who scored the lowest in CSHI, participants who scored in the third tertile had a 18% lower risk of lung disease (RR = 0.824; 95% CI = 0.732; 0.927), and a 11% lower risk of depression (RR = 0.891; 95% CI = 0.806; 0.986). They also reported lower limitations in mobility (β = −0.048; 95% CI (−0.089; −0.008)] and less difficulty in instrumental activities of daily living [β = −0.088; 95% CI (−0.128; −0.047)]. These associations were independent of demographics, prior socioeconomic status, psychological factors, health conditions, and health behaviors. Policy makers and practitioners may consider the character strength of honesty and integrity as a factor for promoting healthy longevity, limiting risks of becoming physically inactive and reducing risk of physical and mental disease. • The role of character strength of honesty and integrity (CSHI) for health is examined. • CSHI is a significant predictor of subsequent physical and mental health outcomes. • CSHI is significantly associated with subsequent daily functioning outcomes. • CSHI may be a factor for promoting healthy longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]