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Unstructured Chinese medical texts are rich sources of entity and relational information. The extraction of entity relationships from medical texts is pivotal for the construction of medical knowledge graphs and aiding healthcare professionals in making swift and informed decisions. However, the extraction of entity relationships from these texts presents a formidable challenge, notably due to the issue of overlapping entity relationships. This study introduces a novel extraction model that leverages RoFormer's rotational position encoding (RoPE) technique for an efficient implementation of relative position encoding. This approach not only optimizes positional information utilization but also captures syntactic dependency information by constructing a weighted adjacency matrix. During the feature fusion phase, the model employs an entity attention mechanism for a deeper integration of features, effectively addressing the challenge of overlapping entity relationships. Experimental outcomes demonstrate that our model achieves an F1 score of 83.42 on datasets featuring overlapping entity relations, significantly outperforming other baseline models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficiently development of enterprise innovation networks is inseparable from integrated innovation processes such as knowledge sharing and transfer. Knowledge flow is a core network activity that is highly dependent on the cultural and structural environment. As an informal governance mechanism, cooperative culture affects the stability and durability of relationship between members. Perfectly cooperative cultural mechanism is the key to promoting knowledge flow in innovation networks. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether and how cooperative culture and network power affect knowledge flow in innovation networks. This paper finds that cooperative culture, network power has a positive effect on knowledge flow, which was obtained by using SEM method based on 227 questionnaire survey samples of enterprises. Furthermore, this paper also uses fuzzy quantitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to study how cooperative culture and network power work together on knowledge flow. This study finds out three paths that lead to high knowledge flow, which are composed of the elements of cooperative culture and network power. The three paths are knowledge reciprocity-oriented, cooperative culture-oriented and cultural knowledge fitoriented respectively. These findings are of great significance for promoting the management of innovation networks.

Neuropeptide F (NPF) is an important signaling molecule that acts as a neuromodulator to regulate a diversity of physiological and behavioral processes from vertebrates to invertebrates by interaction with NPF receptors, which are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). However, nothing is known about NPF in Chinese white pine beetle, Dendroctonus armandi , a destructive pest of natural and coniferous forests in the middle Qinling Mountains of China. We have cloned and characterized cDNAs encoding one NPF precursor and two NPF receptors in D. armandi and made bioinformatics predictions according to the deduced amino acid sequences. They were highly similar to that of Dendroctonus ponderosa. The transcription levels of these genes were different between larvae and adults of sexes, and there were significant differences among the different developmental stages and tissues and between beetles under starvation and following re-feeding states. Additionally, downregulation of NPF and NPFR by injecting dsRNA into beetles reduced their food intake, caused increases of mortality and decreases of body weight, and also resulted in a decrease of glycogen and free fatty acid and an increase of trehalose. These results indicate that the NPF signaling pathway plays a significant positive role in the regulation of food intake and provides a potential target for the sustainable management of this pest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese white pine beetle (Dendroctonus armandi) is undoubtedly one of the most important pests causing ecological damage in the Qinling Mountains. When bark beetles invade conifers, they must overcome host tree defenses, including primary resistance and induced resistance responses. Moreover, this induced resistance occurs following herbivory by bark beetles. Bark beetles have a corresponding defense mechanism for degrading toxic compounds, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) can catalyze the binding of endogenous substances that reduce glutathione (GSH) to various harmful electrophilic substrates, increasing their solubility and facilitating their excretion from cells. In this experiment, we successfully obtained sixteen full-length sequences of D. armandi , which belonged to four GST categories (delta, epsilon, sigma, and theta). The transcript levels of sixteen GSTs in D. armandi were compared at four developmental stages (larvae, pupae, teneral adults, and adults), three different tissues (antennae, gut, and reproductive organs), and under various levels of terpenoid stimuli during feeding on phloem tissue to evaluate the various relevant modes of action. This study aids in the understanding of the interaction between monoterpenes and beetles, and beetles' detoxification through GSTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to survive annual temperature minima could be a key determinant of distribution limits for insects under global climate change. Recent studies have suggested that insect aquaporins are indispensable for cellular water management under conditions that lead to dehydration and cold stress. Aquaporins are integral membrane water channel proteins in the major intrinsic protein superfamily and promote selected solutes and the movement of water across biological membranes. We cloned and characterized nine full-length aquaporins from Dendroctonus armandi (DaAqps), the most destructive forest pest in the Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi Province, China. Eight of the DaAqps belong to three classical aquaporin grades, including the Drosophila integral protein, the Pyrocoelia rufa integral protein, the entomoglyceroporins and one that belongs to the unorthodox grade of aquaporin 12-like channels. The DaAqps were increasingly expressed during different developmental stages and in different larval tissues, and expression peaked in mid-winter. They were tested under cold conditions for different lengths of time, and the expression of almost all DaAqps was down regulated with decreasing temperatures and long-term exposure to cold conditions. However, when the lowest temperatures were reached, the levels were immediately upregulated. These genes indicate that cold tolerance can improve through mortality responses at low temperatures after RNA interference of DaAqps. In our study, we analyzed the molecular response, expression patterns, and RNA interference of DaAqps and clarified the crucial role of protective compounds (aquaporins) underlying D. armandi cold tolerance and provide a new pest control method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese white pine beetle, Dendroctonus armandi Tsai and Li (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is a serious pest of coniferous forests in China. Thus, there is considerable interest in developing eco-friendly pest-control methods, with the use of semiochemicals as a distinct possibility. Olfaction is extremely important for fitness of D. armandi because it is the primary mechanism through which the insect locates hosts and mates. Thus, here we characterized nine full-length genes encoding chemosensory proteins (CSPs) from D. armandi. The genes were ubiquitously and multiply expressed across different developmental stages and adult tissues, indicating various roles in developmental metamorphosis, olfaction, and gustation. Ligand-binding assays implied that DarmCSP2 may be the carrier of D. armandi pheromones and various plant host volatiles. These volatiles were identified through RNA interference of DarmCSP2 as: (+)-α-pinene, (+)-ß-pinene, (−)-ß-pinene, (+)-camphene, (+)-3-carene, and myrcene. The systematic chemosensory functional analysis of DarmCSP2 in this study clarified the molecular mechanisms underlying D. armandi olfaction and provided a theoretical foundation for eco-friendly pest control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allatostatin C (PISCF/AST) is a neuropeptide gene that affects juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis in the corpora allata. Juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHAMT) is a key gene in the JH biosynthetic pathway. In this study, two genes encoding DaAST and DaJHAMT were cloned. Both DaAST and DaJHAMT were expressed in the larvae, pupae and adults of Chinese white pine beetle (Dendroctonus armandi), and highly expressed in the head and the gut. The expression of the two genes was induced by JH analog (JHA) methoprene and the functions of the two genes were then investigated by RNAi. Considering the role of hormones in metamorphosis, JHA significantly induced DaAST and DaJHAMT in the larval stage. DaAST knockdown in larvae, pupae and adults significantly increased the DaJHAMT mRNA levels. Moreover, knockdown of DaAST instead of DaJHAMT increased pupae mortality and the abnormal rate of emergence morphology and reduced emergence rates. However, knockdown of DaJHAMT instead of DaAST significantly reduced frontalin biosynthesis in adult males. The results showed that DaAST acts as an allatostatin and inhibits JH biosynthesis, and that JHAMT is a key regulatory enzyme for JH synthesis in the D. armandi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary sustainable development imperative sees enterprises seeking competitive advantages in innovation networks, the distinguishing features of which are continuous interaction and knowledge flow between participants. As an informal governance mechanism, cooperative culture influences the stability and durability of the members' interactions. Knowledge flow is a core network activity that is highly dependent on the cultural environment. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether innovation governance performance is affected by cooperative culture and knowledge flow. How do they play an influential role? We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the linear relationships among the three variables: cooperative culture, knowledge flow, and governance performance. The results suggest that knowledge flow has a mediating effect on the relationship between cooperative culture and governance performance. We also use fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore how cooperative culture and knowledge flow combined can influence governance performance. The results indicate that different combinations of cooperative culture and knowledge flow lead to different levels of governance performance, with two paths leading to high governance performance, which are fit creation-oriented and compatible sharing-oriented paths. These findings have significant implications for improving innovation governance performance and their sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The association between dietary habits and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been well documented, due to the complexity and individualization of dietary culture in the Chinese population., Objective: To construct a composite score from various bad dietary habits and to evaluate their comprehensive association with the prevalence of MetS and its components among Chinese men and women across various age groups., Setting: Serial cross-sectional studies., Methods: Twenty-three dietary habits were assessed through face-to-face interviews with 98,838 males and 83,099 females in health check-up programs from 2015 to 2021, among which eighteen bad dietary habits were observed to be associated independently with total MetS. The total score of bad dietary habits was composed of four categories via variable clustering analysis, including irregular dietary habits, unhealthy dietary flavors, unbalanced dietary structure, and high-fat diet. The 2016 Chinese guideline for the management of dyslipidemia in adults was used to define MetS., Results: Men had a higher score of bad dietary habits than women (9.63 ± 3.11 vs. 8.37 ± 3.23), which decreased significantly with increasing age in both males and females (P interaction <0.01). The prevalence of total MetS increased significantly with the cumulative score of bad dietary habits in both males (highest quintile vs. lowest quintile: OR, 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80-2.00; P linear <0.01) and females (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 2.02-2.46; P linear <0.01) after adjusted for age, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activities. These linear trends were also observed for each MetS component (all P linear <0.01). The role of irregular dietary habits and high-fat diet on MetS prevalence are much higher in males than in females, while unhealthy dietary flavors and unbalanced dietary structure had a greater influence on females., Conclusions: The accumulation of bad dietary habits contributes to the MetS developments. Thus, individualized lifestyle interventions are needed to correct bad dietary habits with regard to gender differences., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

The Chinese white pine beetle, Dendroctonus armandi Tsai and Li (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is a serious pest of coniferous forests in China. Thus, there is considerable interest in developing eco-friendly pest-control methods, with the use of semiochemicals as a distinct possibility. Olfaction is extremely important for fitness of D. armandi because it is the primary mechanism through which the insect locates hosts and mates. Thus, here we characterized nine full-length genes encoding chemosensory proteins (CSPs) from D. armandi . The genes were ubiquitously and multiply expressed across different developmental stages and adult tissues, indicating various roles in developmental metamorphosis, olfaction, and gustation. Ligand-binding assays implied that DarmCSP2 may be the carrier of D. armandi pheromones and various plant host volatiles. These volatiles were identified through RNA interference of DarmCSP2 as: (+)-α-pinene, (+)-β-pinene, (-)-β-pinene, (+)-camphene, (+)-3-carene, and myrcene. The systematic chemosensory functional analysis of DarmCSP2 in this study clarified the molecular mechanisms underlying D. armandi olfaction and provided a theoretical foundation for eco-friendly pest control.