1. Magnetic whole-cell biocatalyst based on intracellular lipases of Candida catenulata as promising technology for green synthesis of epoxy fatty acids.
- Author
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Tohfegar, Elham and Habibi, Alireza
- Subjects
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IRON oxide nanoparticles , *FREE fatty acids , *PETROLEUM waste , *ORGANIC solvents , *FATTY acids , *HYDROGEN peroxide - Abstract
This study focuses on the development a green synthesis of epoxy fatty acids (EFAs) which are commonly used as the plasticizer in polymer industries. The intracellular lipases of Candida catenulata cells as a whole-cell biocatalyst (WCB) were examined in the bio-epoxidation of free fatty acids (FFAs) with hydrogen peroxide. The FFAs in soybean soap stock, an industrial by-product of vegetable oil factories, was used as the feedstock of the process. To remove phosphates from soap stock a degumming process was tested before the bio-epoxidation reaction and results revealed that the EFAs yield was improved using the degummed fatty acids (DFAs). The attachments of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to the surface of WCBs facilitated the recovery of the biocatalyst, and were improved stabilities. The activation energy for the magnetic whole-cell biocatalysts (MWCB) was 48.54 kJ mol−1, which was lower than the WCB system (51.28 kJ mol−1). The EFA yield was about 47.1 % and 33.8 % after 3 h for the MWCBs and 2 h for the WCBs, respectively. The MWCBs displayed acceptable reusability in the repetitious bio-epoxidation reaction with maintaining 59 % of the original activity after 5 cycles whereas the performance of the WCBs was 5.9 % at the same conditions. The effects of influential factors such as reaction time, molar ratio of H 2 O 2 to C C, and batch and semi-batch operations were investigated for both biocatalyst systems. The quality of EFAs was characterized by FTIR and GC-MS analyses. • A novel intracellular lipase of C. catenulata were introduced for epoxidation of free fatty acids. • A oil refinery waste after pretreatment was used as the feedstock of epoxy fatty acid production. • Magnetic whole-cell biocatalyst was developed by loading of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on cell-surface. • The presence of water, organic solvent, and different molar ratios of H 2 O 2 /C C were examined. • The bare whole cells and magnetic whole cells were examined in batch and semi-batch experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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