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Watermelon is a highly perishable fruit with a niche for majority of microrganisms. It comprises of 91% water and hence it is very difficult to preserve watermelon based products by application of conventional means. Ohmic heating, also known as Joule heating is an electrothermal technique of processing. In this study, the effect of ohmic heating on the electrical conductivity, pH and colour of the watermelon juice at various voltage gradients (10-23.33V/cm) was investigated. The change in the pH and colour of the watermelon juice during storage was studied. The bubbling of juice was observed above 60°C at all voltage gradients. As the voltage gradient increased the time required to reach the desired temperature decreased. The electrical conductivity was observed to increase with increase in temperature. Linear model gave the best fit to the electrical conductivity of watermelon juice. The change in pH and colour has increased with increase in voltage gradient, ohmic heating time and storage period. Ohmic heated watermelon juice showed better retention of physicochemical properties when compared to conventional heating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sapota fruits are highly perishable and have short shelf life at the ambient conditions. The edible coatings have been used on different agricultural products in order to extend their post harvest life. In the present study, the polysaccharide based edible coating made up of sodium alginate and pectin (2%) was studied on the shelf life of sapota fruits. The coating of the fruits is done by dipping method with two dipping time (2 and 4 min). The both control and coated sapota fruits were stored at refrigerated temperature (4?}1oC). The physico-chemical analysis including acidity, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, pH, weight loss, colour and firmness were measured on 1, 8, 15, 23 and 30th day of storage. There was significant difference (p≤0.05) in these physico-chemical parameters between control and coated sapota fruits with 2 and 4 min dipping time. The sensory analysis of control and coated sapota fruits showed that, the polysaccharide coating with 2 minutes dipping time was effective in maintaining the organoleptic properties of the fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies were conducted to use ultrasound treatment in watermelon (Citrulus lanatus) rind as a pre-treatment prior to osmotic-drying. A comparison with the conventional heating as pretreatment prior to osmotic-drying was also carried out. Effects of treatment time (10, 20 and 30 min in ultrasound and 1, 2 and 3 min in conventional method), sugar concentration (40, 50 and 60°Brix) and immersion time (0 - 6 h) on water loss and solid gain in watermelon rind were studied. Second order regression equations describing the effects of these factors on the water loss and solid gain were developed. Results shows the maximum water loss and solid gain of 81 and 46%, respectively for the watermelon rind treated for 30 min under ultrasound and immersed in 60°Brix solution for 6 h. In conventional pretreatment the maximum water loss and solid gain in water melon rind to the tune of 73 and 59%, respectively was achieved on treating the water melon rind for 3 min and immersed in 60°Brix solution for 6 h. The combined process (ultrasound pretreatment and osmotic-drying) was optimized for the operating conditions that minimize total processing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the physical and biochemical properties of guava, sapota, and papaya. The physical properties studied were: dimensions, shell ratio, surface area, bulk and true density, porosity, sphericity, packing coefficient, aspect ratio, and roundness index. The specific heat at various mass fractions, biochemical properties like pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, and colour analysis were studied for fruit pulps. The viscosity of fruits was studied at various mass fractions. The high sphericity of guava and sapota indicated that those fruits had high rolling capability, which is an important factor for designing hoppers. Biochemical analysis showed that sapota was the sweetest fruit amongst the three studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of osmotic dehydration pretreatment on water loss, solid gain, colour and textural change was investigated. Watermelon rind 1 x 1 cm size was immersed in sucrose solution of 40, 50 and 60° Brix after pretreatment with microwave and conventional boiling in water for 1, 3, and 5 min, respectively. Water loss and solid gain increased with the time of cooking and sugar concentration. Microwave pretreated samples showed higher water loss and solid gain. Increase in the time of cooking decreased the brightness of all the samples. Microwave pretreated samples showed higher 'b' values than conventionally pretreated ones. There was no significant difference (P≤0.05) in texture profile analysis parameters except for hardness. Hardness decreased with increase in time of cooking and sugar concentration. Second order regression model was developed for water loss and solid gain of microwave and conventional pretreated watermelon rind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]