48 results
Search Results
2. Scoping Paper--Shaping a Career Development Culture: Quality Standards, Quality Practice, Quality Outcomes
- Author
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Australian Department of Education, Science and Training and McMahon, Mary
- Abstract
This project on national standards and accreditation of career practitioners is set against a background of unprecedented interest by governments nationally and internationally in the provision of career guidance services. Currently more is known about the policy and delivery of career guidance than at any other time in history. There is growing interest in the relationship between career guidance and public policy because the benefits of career guidance to individuals, society and the economy have been recognised. In this regard, strategic alliances are being formed between career guidance practitioners and policy makers in order that policy commitments relating to the provision of quality career services are enhanced. Such an alliance is evidenced in the collaboration between the Department of Education, Science and Training and the Career Industry Council of Australia on this project. This project constitutes a very necessary step in a move towards a quality industry. The purpose of this scoping paper is to: (1) identify current standards guiding career practitioners in Australia; (2) review international work on standards including examples of best practice and advise on how this work might be relevant to the development of national standards and accreditation in the Australian context; (3) be informed by outcomes of national workshops, forums, and conferences 2000-2004; (4) identify the current membership requirements of professional career associations and bodies both nationally and internationally; (5) assess how prior learning or qualifications might be recognised and developed to fit within and meet the requirements of the quality standards; and (6) identify the issues that need to be addressed in the development of national standards. To achieve this purpose, this paper is structured around four main sections--international quality standards, national quality standards, standards guiding Australian professions, and the Australian career industry. Following this a number of themes related to the development and implementation of quality standards will be elaborated. A number of issues relating to the development and implementation of quality standards and accreditation in the Australian career industry will then be raised. Appended are: (1) Glossary of terms; (2) Table of Comparative Competencies; (3) Entry-level Qualifications of Australian Career Practitioner Associations; (4) Standards of Australian Career Practitioner Associations; and (5) Comparison of Quality Standards Across Career Case Studies.
- Published
- 2004
3. Rural chronic disease research patterns in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand: a systematic integrative review.
- Author
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Disler, R., Glenister, K., and Wright, J.
- Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility ,RURAL geography ,MEDICAL care of the chronically ill ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,TELEMEDICINE ,RURAL health services ,MEDICAL referrals ,CHRONIC diseases ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL care research ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,RURAL health ,HEALTH equity ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,RURAL population - Abstract
Background: People living in rural and remote communities commonly experience significant health disadvantages. Geographical barriers and reduced specialist and generalist services impact access to care when compared with metropolitan context. Innovative models of care have been developed for people living with chronic diseases in rural areas with the goal of overcoming these inequities. The aim of this paper was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of studies investigating innovative models of care for people living with chronic disease in rural areas of developed countries where a metropolitan comparator was included.Methods: An integrative systematic review was undertaken. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method was used to understand the empirical and theoretical data on clinical outcomes for people living with chronic disease in rural compared with metropolitan contexts and their models of care in Australia, New Zealand, United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.Results: Literature searching revealed 620 articles published in English between 1st January 2000 and 31st March 2019. One hundred sixty were included in the review including 68 from the United States, 59 from Australia and New Zealand (5), 21 from Canada and 11 from the United Kingdom and Ireland. 53% (84) focused on cardiovascular disease; 27% (43) diabetes mellitus; 8% (12) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and 13% (27) chronic kidney disease. Mortality was only reported in 10% (16) of studies and only 18% (29) reported data on Indigenous populations.Conclusions: This integrated review reveals that the published literature on common chronic health issues pertaining to rural and remote populations is largely descriptive. Only a small number of publications focus on mortality and comparative health outcomes from health care models in both urban and non-urban populations. Innovative service models and telehealth are together well represented in the published literature but data on health outcomes is relatively sparse. There is significant scope for further directly comparative studies detailing the effect of service delivery models on the health outcomes of urban and rural populations. We believe that such data would further knowledge in this field and help to break the deadly synergy between increased rurality and poorer outcomes for people with chronic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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4. On the Widespread Impact of the Most Prolific Countries in Special Education Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
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Sezgin, Aslihan, Orbay, Keziban, and Orbay, Metin
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify the most prolific countries in the field of special education and to discuss the widespread impact of their papers by taking into account the country's h-index. Through a bibliometric analysis, the data were collected in the Web of Science Core Collection category "Education, Special" in the Social Science Citation Index during 2011-2020. The 25 most prolific countries in the field of special education were determined in terms of paper productivity, and it was seen that the leading country was undisputedly the USA (54.42%). Meanwhile, a strong positive correlation was found between the h-index and the number of papers published by the countries (r=0.864). On the other hand, when the ranking in terms of the number of papers was reconfigured by the h-index, it was relatively changed. The possible reasons for this change for the countries with the most changing rankings were discussed by considering some definitive criteria such as the journal quartiles, the percentage of international and domestic, and the percentage of open access papers. This study reports a positive correlation between the quality and quantity in the field of special education for the publications of countries. It has been shown that where the positive correlation deviates, then especially, the journal quartiles, the percentage of international collaboration and the percentage of open access papers have a significant effect. The bibliometric findings may be useful to enrich the discussion about the widespread impact of papers and debate whether the use of h-index is acceptable for cross-national comparisons.
- Published
- 2022
5. Evaluating Eco-Innovation of OECD Countries with Data Envelopment Analysis
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Mavi, Reza Kiani and Standing, Craig
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Government regulations require businesses to improve their processes and products/services in a green and sustainable manner. For being environmentally friendly, businesses should invest more on eco-innovation practices. Firms eco-innovate to promote eco-efficiency and sustainability. This paper evaluates the eco-innovation performance of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries with data envelopment analysis (DEA). Data were gathered from the world bank database and global innovation index report. Findings show that for most OECD countries, energy use and ecological sustainability are more important than other inputs and outputs for enhancing eco-innovation. [For full proceedings, see ED571459.]
- Published
- 2016
6. The Global Micro-Credential Landscape: Charting a New Credential Ecology for Lifelong Learning
- Author
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Brown, Mark, Mhichil, Mairéad Nic Giolla, Beirne, Elaine, and Mac Lochlainn, Conchúr
- Abstract
This article offers a global overview of the burgeoning field of micro-credentials and their relationship to lifelong learning, employability and new models of digital education. Although there is no globally accepted definition of micro-credentials, the term indicates smaller units of study, which are usually shorter than traditional forms of accredited learning and courses leading to conventional qualifications such as degrees. The paper aims to provide educators with a helicopter view of the rapidly evolving global micro-credential landscape, with particular relevance to higher education leaders, industry stakeholders and government policy-makers. It addresses five questions: (i) What are micro-credentials? (ii) Why micro-credentials? (iii) Who are the key stakeholders? (iv) What is happening globally? and (v) What are some of the key takeaways? Drawing on a European-wide perspective and recent developments in The Republic of Ireland, the paper concludes that micro-credentials are likely to become a more established and mature feature of the 21st-century credential ecology over the next five years. While the global micro-credential landscape is currently disconnected across national boundaries, more clarity and coherence will emerge as governments around the world increasingly align new credentialing developments with existing national qualification frameworks. The micro-credentialing movement also provides opportunities for governments and higher education institutions in partnership with industry to harness new digital learning models beyond the pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
7. Barriers to the use of trained interpreters in consultations with refugees in four resettlement countries: a qualitative analysis using normalisation process theory.
- Author
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MacFarlane, Anne, Huschke, Susann, Pottie, Kevin, Hauck, Fern R., Griswold, Kim, and Harris, Mark F.
- Subjects
COMMUNICATION ,MEDICAL referrals ,PRIMARY health care ,REFUGEES ,SURVEYS ,QUALITATIVE research ,HEALTH facility translating services ,THEMATIC analysis ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Background: Increasing numbers of primary care practitioners in refugee resettlement countries are providing care to refugees. Access to trained interpreters is a priority for these practitioners, but there are many barriers to the implementation of interpreted consultations in routine care. There is a lack of international, theoretically informed research. The purpose of this paper is to understand barriers to interpreter use in primary care consultations in four resettlement countries using Normalisation Process Theory. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with networks of primary care practitioners (PCPs) who care for refugees in Australia, Canada, Ireland and the US (n = 314). We analysed qualitative data from the survey about barriers to interpreter use (n = 178). We completed an inductive thematic analysis, iteratively developed a Normalisation Process Theory (NPT)-informed coding frame and then mapped the emergent findings onto the theory's construct about enacting interpreted consultations. Results: In all four countries, the use of an interpreter presented communication and interaction challenges between providers and patients, which can impede the goals of primary care consultations. Primary care practitioners did not always have confidence in interpreted consultations and described poor professional practice by some interpreters. There was variation across countries, and inconsistency within countries, in the availability of trained interpreters and funding sources. Conclusion: There are shared and differential barriers to implementation of interpreted consultations in a consistent and sustained way in the four countries studied. These findings can be used to inform country-specific and international level policies and interventions focusing on improving skills and resources for interpreted consultations to improve implementation of interpreted primary care consultations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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8. Demographics and Education: The 20 Richest Countries
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Marchant, Gregory J. and Johnson, Jessica J.
- Abstract
This paper explores the PISA [Programme for International Student Assessment] achievement of twenty countries in light of some of their demographic differences. SES [student socioeconomic status], nuclear family, gender, home language, and native status were predictive of achievement for every country. Demographics accounted for as little as 8 percent to as much as 22 percent of individual score variance depending on the country and subject. Being male was almost a universal advantage in math, but was a far greater disadvantage in reading for every country. The relative performance of some countries changed when scores were adjusted for demographic differences; however, the Asian countries and Finland remained on top. Instructional strategies related to countries performing above expectations were explored.
- Published
- 2012
9. The Gendering of Mathematics among Facebook Users in English Speaking Countries
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Forgasz, Helen, Leder, Gilah, and Tan, Hazel
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Using an innovative recruitment tool, the social network site Facebook, survey data were gathered from samples of the Australian general public and from around the world. Views on the gendering of mathematics, science, and ICT were gathered. In this paper we report the findings from six of the 15 questions on the survey, and only from respondents in predominantly English-speaking countries. The findings reveal that the majority was not gender-stereotyped about mathematics and related careers. However, if a gendered view was held, it was overwhelming to endorse the male stereotype. Male respondents' views were more strongly gendered than were females'. [For the complete proceedings, see ED585874.]
- Published
- 2011
10. Problem Solving in Technology-Rich Environments, Adult Education and Training, and Income: An International Comparison Using PIAAC Data
- Author
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Nwakasi, Candidus C., Cummins, Phyllis A., Mehri, Nader, Zhang, Jing, and Yamashita, Takashi
- Abstract
The high dependence on technology for economic activities in developed countries stresses the importance of lifelong learning in order to equip adult workers with the skills required to perform work related tasks, and also increase labor force participation. We use data from the 2012/2014 Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) to examine relationships among problem solving skills in technology-rich environments (PSTRE), participation in adult education and training (AET), and income in Australia, Finland, Japan (high PSTRE scoring countries), Chile, Greece (low PSTRE scoring countries), Ireland, Estonia, and the United States (similarly scoring countries). Although PIAAC measured literacy, numeracy, and PSTRE skills, our research focus is on PSTRE because of its emphasis on problem-solving skills and critical thinking. These skills are undoubtedly important in any global economy currently experiencing rapid technological transformation. In four of five age groups, Japan had the highest PSTRE scores. With the exception of Greece, PIAAC respondents in the oldest age group had lower PSTRE scores than younger age groups. Men had higher PSTRE scores than women in all countries except Australia and Greece. Overall, those with higher PSTRE scores were more likely to participate in AET but there were variations by age, income, and education categories. Greater PSTRE scores were associated with higher hourly wages in the U.S. Australia and Estonia whereas no significant association was observed in other countries. With limited availability of data, females benefited financially from higher PSTRE scores more than males in the U.S., Finland, Ireland and Japan.
- Published
- 2019
11. Conceptualising and Measuring Student Disengagement in Higher Education: A Synthesis of the Literature
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Chipchase, Lucy, Davidson, Megan, Blackstock, Felicity, Bye, Ros, Clothier, Peter, Klupp, Nerida, Nickson, Wendy, Turner, Deborah, and Williams, Mark
- Abstract
Much has been written about why students engage in academic studies at university, with less attention given to the concept of disengagement. Understanding the risks and factors associated with student disengagement from learning provides opportunities for targeted remediation. The aims of this review were to (i) explore how student disengagement has been conceptualised, (ii) identify factors associated with disengagement, and (iii) identify measureable indicators of disengagement in previous literature. A systematic search was conducted across relevant databases and key websites. Reference lists of included papers were screened for additional publications. Studies and national published survey data were included if they addressed issues pertaining to student disengagement with learning or the academic environment, were in full text and in English. In the 32 papers that met the inclusion criteria, student disengagement was conceptualised as a multi-faceted, complex yet fluid state that has a combination of behavioural, emotional and cognitive domains influenced by intrinsic (psychological factors, low motivation, inadequate preparation for higher education, and unmet or unrealistic expectations) or extrinsic (competing demands, institutional structure and processes, teaching quality and online teaching and learning). A number of measurable indicators of disengagement were synthesised from the literature including those that were self-reported by students and those collected by a number of tertiary institutions. An examination of the conceptualisation, influences and indicators of disengagement could inform intervention programs to ameliorate the consequences of disengagement for students and academic institutions.
- Published
- 2017
12. Variables Affecting Student Motivation Based on Academic Publications
- Author
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Yilmaz, Ercan, Sahin, Mehmet, and Turgut, Mehmet
- Abstract
In this study, the variables having impact on the student motivation have been analyzed based on the articles, conference papers, master's theses and doctoral dissertations published in the years 2000-2017. A total of 165 research papers were selected for the research material and the data were collected through qualitative research techniques through document review and content analysis. According to the research results, the most important factors affecting student motivation are the fields of teacher, teachers' classroom management skills and their teaching methods. In this research, factors having less influence on the student motivation are parental communication, student characteristics and study fields. In addition, relational search type was used more than others, mostly students were selected as the study group and most researches were conducted in USA and Turkey.
- Published
- 2017
13. Proceedings of the Commission for International Adult Education (CIAE) International Pre-Conference (64th, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, November 15-17, 2015)
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American Association for Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE), Commission for International Adult Education (CIAE), Boucouvalas, Marcie, and Avoseh, Mejai
- Abstract
The Commission on International Adult Education (CIAE) of the American Association for Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE) provides a forum for the discussion of international issues related to adult education in general, as well as adult education in various countries around the globe. The following purposes summarize the work of the Commission: (1) To develop linkages with adult education associations in other countries; (2) To encourage exchanges between AAACE and associations from other countries; (3) To invite conference participation and presentations by interested adult educators around the world; and (4) To discuss how adult educators from AAACE and other nations may cooperate on projects of mutual interest and benefit to those the Commission serves. The Commission holds its annual meeting in conjunction with the AAACE conference. Following a message from the AAACE President, Jean E. Fleming, these proceedings contain the following papers presented at the 2015 CIAE International Pre-Conference: (1) Tools That Matter: The Assessment of Online Resources for International Students (Valeriana Colón); (2) Faculty Development and Teaching International Students: A Cross-National Study of Faculty Perspectives in a Global Era (Joellen E. Coryell, Monica Fedeli, Jonathan Tyner, and Daniela Frison); (3) Comparing Italian Pre-Service and In-Service Teachers' Beliefs on Competence Based Learning (Mario Giampaolo, Alessio Surian, Federico Batini, Marco Bartolucci); (4) Cutting Edge Discoveries for the 2015: Capsule of a History and Philosophy of Andragogy (John A. Henschke); (5) Yes I Need Help! A Day in the Journey of Adult Learners Pursuing Higher Education: A Caribbean Perspective (Yvonne Hunter-Johnson and Sharlene Smith); (6) Becoming a Lifelong Learning City: Lessons from a Provincial City in South Korea (In Tak Kwon, Junghwan Kim, and Doo Hun Lim); (7) Education Interrupted: Kosovo 1980-1999 (Gjylbehare Llapi and Claudette M. Peterson); (8) Diversity to Inclusion: Expanding Workplace Capability Thinking around Aboriginal Career Progression (Kaye Morris); (9) So Much More Than a Humble Hall: World War One Memorials in NSW Schools of Arts & Mechanics' Institutes (Roger K. Morris, Robert J. Parkinson, and Melanie J. Ryan); (10) Implicit Attitudes of International and American Adult Students toward Black and White Teachers (Eunkyung Na, Tony X. Tan, Travis Marn, and Rica Ramirez); (11) Designing and Implementing Neighborhoods of Learning in Cork's UNESCO Learning City Project (Séamus Ó Tuama and Siobhán O'Sullivan); (12) Learning Lives of North Korean Young Defectors: A Preliminary Study of Reconstructing Identity in Career Development (Hyewon Park, Junghwan Kim, and Fred M. Schied); (13) Andragogy through Social Enterprise: Engaging Students in the Learning Process Is Borderless (Victoria Queen); (14) Leadership outside the Box: The Power of Nurturing the Human Spirit at Work in an Era of Globalization (Nancy Kymn Harvin Rutigliano and Alexandria S. Frye); (15) Lifelong Learning and Vocational Education: Institutional Requirements and University Didactical Concept of a Master Degree Program "Teaching Qualification for Vocational Education in the Field of Health Care and Nursing" at the Otto-von-Guericke-University (Germany) (Astrid Seltrecht); (16) Teaching Nonliterate Adults in Oral Cultures: Findings from Practitioners (LaNette W. Thompson); (17) Evolution and Revolutions of Adult Learning: Capacity Building in Adult and Non-Formal Education in Nigeria (Chinwe U. Ugwu); and (18) Evolution and Revolution of Adult Learning: Exposition of Open and Distance Learning in Nigeria (Nneka A. Umezulike). [Individual papers contain references. Rashmi Sharma provided editorial assistance.]
- Published
- 2015
14. The STEM Wage Premium across the OECD
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William E. Even, Takashi Yamashita, and Phyllis A. Cummins
- Abstract
Using data from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, this paper compares the earnings premium and employment share of jobs in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) across 11 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The results reveal that the STEM wage premium is higher in the United States than in any of the other comparison countries, despite the fact that the U.S. has a larger share of workers in STEM jobs. We also find evidence that the premium varies significantly across STEM sub-fields and education levels, and that the premium tends to be higher in countries with lower unionization rates, less employment protection, or a larger share of employment in the public sector.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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15. Educating Nursing Students with Disabilities: Replacing Essential Functions with Technical Standards for Program Entry Criteria
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Matt, Susan B., Maheady, Donna, and Fleming, Susan E.
- Abstract
Across the globe, students with disabilities have been increasing in prevalence in higher education settings. In the twenty-first century the struggle to include individuals with disabilities into nursing schools and workplaces continues in different parts of the world. Historically, entry criteria in nursing schools have been based on essential functions, which were primarily designed to be used in the workforce, rather than technical standards for education. In other health professions, such as medicine, this is not necessarily the case. For example, the American Association of Medical Colleges has worked over the past two decades to develop appreciation among medical schools for the need to admit and accommodate students with disabilities. We argue that nursing has not followed suit. This paper presents an integrative literature review, consisting of material from the United States, Ireland, United Kingdom, and Australia, investigating compelling stories, legal mandates, websites, and extant literature looking at essential functions or technical standards as entry criteria for nursing schools. The results show that, when essential functions for employment are used in nursing education, they may be a barrier to entry into that program. The paper concludes with recommendations for well-defined technical standards for nursing schools to be used primarily as entry criteria.
- Published
- 2015
16. Speculative Futures on ChatGPT and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Collective Reflection from the Educational Landscape
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Bozkurt, Aras, Xiao, Junhong, Lambert, Sarah, Pazurek, Angelica, Crompton, Helen, Koseoglu, Suzan, Farrow, Robert, Bond, Melissa, Nerantzi, Chrissi, Honeychurch, Sarah, Bali, Maha, Dron, Jon, Mir, Kamran, Stewart, Bonnie, Costello, Eamon, Mason, Jon, Stracke, Christian M., Romero-Hall, Enilda, Koutropoulos, Apostolos, Toquero, Cathy Mae, Singh, Lenandlar, Tlili, Ahm, Lee, Kyungmee, Nichols, Mark, Ossiannilsson, Ebba, Brown, Mark, Irvine, Valerie, Raffaghelli, Juliana Elisa, Santos-Hermosa, Gema, Farrell, Orna, Adam, Taskeen, Thong, Ying Li, Sani-Bozkurt, Sunagul, Sharma, Ramesh C., Hrastinski, Stefan, and Jandric, Petar
- Abstract
While ChatGPT has recently become very popular, AI has a long history and philosophy. This paper intends to explore the promises and pitfalls of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) AI and potentially future technologies by adopting a speculative methodology. Speculative future narratives with a specific focus on educational contexts are provided in an attempt to identify emerging themes and discuss their implications for education in the 21st century. Affordances of (using) AI in Education (AIEd) and possible adverse effects are identified and discussed which emerge from the narratives. It is argued that now is the best of times to define human vs AI contribution to education because AI can accomplish more and more educational activities that used to be the prerogative of human educators. Therefore, it is imperative to rethink the respective roles of technology and human educators in education with a future-oriented mindset.
- Published
- 2023
17. Teaching of Topology and Its Applications in Learning: A Bibliometric Meta-Analysis of the Last Years from the Scopus Database
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Vizcaíno, Diego, Vargas, Victor, and Huertas, Adriana
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In this work, a bibliometric analysis of the investigations of the last 54 years focused on the teaching of topology and its applications in the learning of other areas of knowledge was carried out. The articles that appear in the SCOPUS database were taken into account under the search criteria of the words topology and teaching, connected with the Boolean expression AND in the search field ABS. As a result, 329 articles were obtained which, based on the PRISMA methodology, were reduced to 74 papers. In them publication trends, impact of publications, citation frequencies, among others, were compared. In addition, its use was identified for learning topology at different levels of training, areas of knowledge where this discipline is most applied and strategies used to teach these applications.
- Published
- 2023
18. The Teachers' Role in Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Programs: Implications for Teacher Education
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Scholes, Laura, Jones, Christian, Stieler-Hunt, Colleen, Rolfe, Ben, and Pozzebon, Kay
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In response to the diverse number of child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention programs currently implemented in school contexts, this paper examines key considerations for selecting such initiatives and the multiplicity of understandings required to inform facilitation of contextually relevant prevention curriculum. First, the paper examines concerns about the lack of explicit professional development for educators concerning child protection, and the need to develop understandings about prevention program best practices within pre-service and in-service training. Second, drawing on a systematic review of literature, the paper identifies five key considerations to inform teachers' selection and facilitation of CSA prevention curriculum in school contexts. Third, the paper advances calls by Wurtele (2009) and presents CSA prevention "best practices" overview and "model programs" list for professionals such as teachers. (Contains 1 table.)
- Published
- 2012
19. Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA) (Madrid, Spain, October 19-21, 2012)
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International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS)
- Abstract
The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aimed to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference received 98 submissions from more than 24 countries. Out of the papers submitted, 29 were accepted as full papers. In addition to the presentation of full papers, short papers and reflection papers, the conference also includes a keynote presentation from internationally distinguished researchers. Individual papers contain figures, tables, and references.
- Published
- 2012
20. Cross-National Comparisons of Background and Confidence in Visual Arts and Music Education of Pre-Service Primary Teachers
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Russell-Bowie, Deirdre
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This paper reports the findings of a study on pre-service teachers' background and confidence in music and visual arts education. The study involved 939 non-specialist pre-service primary teachers from five countries. Initially the paper identifies the students' perceptions of their background and confidence in relation to music and visual arts education. Secondly it examines any differences between the visual arts and music education background and confidence of Australian students and those from the other four countries. Results indicated that 25% of the subjects agreed or strongly agreed that they had a good background in music education and 16% indicated that they had a good background in visual arts education. In relation to confidence, 56% of the respondents indicated they felt confident teaching visual arts and 50% felt confident teaching music. There were also significant differences between countries in relation to background and confidence in the two art forms. (Contains 6 tables.)
- Published
- 2010
21. Moving Forward--Shaping a Career Development Culture: Quality Standards, Quality Practice, Quality Outcomes
- Author
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Australian Department of Education, Science and Training and McMahon, Mary
- Abstract
This paper represents the second of two papers written as part of the National Standards and Accreditation of Career Practitioners project. The first, a scoping paper titled Shaping a career development culture: Quality standards, quality practice, quality outcomes (McMahon, 2004), provided information for and guided discussion at the National Forum for Career Practitioners held in Sydney on 25-26 August 2004. The purpose of the scoping paper was to: (1) identify current standards guiding career practitioners in Australia; (2) review international work on standards including examples of best practice and advise on how this work might be relevant to the development of national standards and accreditation in the Australian context; (3) be informed by outcomes of national workshops, forums, and conferences 2000-2004; (4) identify the current membership requirements of professional career associations and bodies both nationally and internationally; (5) assess how prior learning or qualifications might be recognised and developed to fit within and meet the requirements of the quality standards; and (6) identify the issues that need to be addressed in the development of national standards. The National Forum for Career Practitioners began the consultation phase of the project. Participation in the Forum was by invitation, and invitees represented the stakeholder groups identified in the scoping paper. Represented at the Forum were groups as diverse as career practitioners, career practitioner associations, CICA (Career Industry Council of Australia), policy makers, consumers/clients, parents, training providers, business and industry, employers of career practitioners, and service providers. During the Forum, group work and discussion were based on issues identified in the scoping paper. Individual and group responses, opinions, ideas and suggestions were recorded during the Forum on activity sheets that were then collated (McCowan, 2004). It was not intended to bring closure on any items raised during the Forum, but rather to open up issues for the next phase of the consultation process to be managed by Miles Morgan Australia (McCowan). The present paper serves as a record of the Forum discussion, and as a bridge between the scoping paper, the Forum, and the consultation phase of the project. Four sets of issues were presented in the scoping paper and discussed at the Forum, specifically: (1) industry membership and associated terminology; (2) the development and implementation of the quality standards; (3) the administration, management and maintenance of the standards; and (4) the role of stakeholder groups. Each issue will now be discussed. First, a brief background to the issue as described in the scoping paper will be presented. This will be followed by an outline of the Forum process and a summary of the discussion. Finally, issues that may warrant further exploration in the consultancy process will be discussed where possible by drawing on the case studies presented in the scoping paper. Where appropriate, comments made by Forum participants will be included in quotation marks. Appended are: (1) Comparison of ethical codes; (2) Comparison of models of continuing professional development; (3) Comparison of competencies; and (4) Timeline developed by a Forum participant. (Contains 2 tables.) [For the first report, "Scoping Paper--Shaping a Career Development Culture: Quality Standards, Quality Practice, Quality Outcomes," see ED536209.]
- Published
- 2004
22. Emotional Epistemologies and Educational Leadership: A Conceptual Framework.
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Beatty, Brenda Ruth
- Abstract
This conceptual framework is grounded in the data analysis of transcribed interviews with 50 Ontario teachers and the text of a 7-month online discussion group among 25 principals from England, Ireland, Canada, United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Both methods were employed with the stated purpose of understanding emotional experiences of educational leadership. A normative professional silence about emotion renders inner-emotional processes largely unacknowledged in the legitimate discourses of educational leadership research, theory, and practice. Like cognitive processes, emotional ways of knowing also affect our experience of self, the ways we engage with others, our public image, our comfort with ambiguity, our level of need for control, the ways we experience leading and teaching, and our sense of moral community. Cognitive epistemological frameworks have conceptualized "connection" as important for developing more complex forms of thinking. This paper proposes that emotional ways of knowing are also epistemological. It argues that emotional epistemologies work in ways similar to cognitive processes. In this conception of emotional epistemologies are the themes of silence, authority, connection, and context that emerged as central to these teachers' and leaders' emotional meaning-making systems. The model suggests that emotional epistemologies can function differently in different contexts and become open to transformation and development. (Contains 71 references.)(RT)
- Published
- 2002
23. Examination of the Researches on the Use of Technology by Fine Arts Teachers
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Rakhat, Berikbol, Kuralay, Bekbolatova, Akmaral, Smanova, Zhanar, Nebessayeva, and Miyat, Dzhanaev
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the examination of the researches about the use of technology by fine arts teachers. The study was conducted according to the content and citation analysis model. In this context, Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection indexes were included. In the document scanning in the WOS environment, the keywords 'Fine arts', 'Teachers' and 'Technology' were searched. In total, 169 documents were examined and analysed one by one. They were analysed according to year, document type, WOS content category, country, source title, organisation and citation, authors, publication language and categories. As a result of this research, the first study was conducted in 2004, while the most studies were conducted in 2016. It was concluded that the published studies had the most Proceedings papers as the document type. The area where the studies of fine arts teachers on the use of technology are mostly carried out is Education Educational Research, according to the Web of Science content category. The most researched title in the distribution according to the Source Title field is 'International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on Social Sciences and Arts.' The university with the most studies is Kazan Federal University. The 19 authors who conducted the studies have a large number of studies in this field. It was concluded that other authors had only one study in the field. Again, when we look at the distribution of the countries and documents according to the language of writing, the country with the most studies is China and the language of the documents is English. The area continues to evolve.
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- 2021
24. Efficiency Measurement with Network DEA: An Application to Sustainable Development Goals 4
- Author
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Koçak, Deniz, Türe, Hasan, and Atan, Murat
- Abstract
Education is the core of the factors that improved people for a better lifestyle and increases the level of society' development. Quality education is one of the most vital goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) due to actualizing these factors. Using relational network data envelopment analysis (DEA), which have three interrelated substages, this current paper computes the educational economy efficiency of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries bearing in mind the characteristics related to SDGs. The contribution of our study is the use of a novel approach to computing the educational economy efficiency using relational network DEA with GAMS. Even though some interesting differences reveal in the efficiency of the countries, the findings show that countries with high-efficiency scores are clustered around countries like Latvia, Slovenia, and Korea.
- Published
- 2019
25. Woman and girl-centred care for those affected by female genital mutilation: a scoping review of provider tools and guidelines.
- Author
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Dawson, Angela, Assifi, Anisa, and Turkmani, Sabera
- Subjects
MEDICAL quality control ,DEVELOPED countries ,FEMALE genital mutilation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PATIENT-centered care ,WOMEN ,COMMUNITY health services ,MEDICAL care ,RISK assessment ,MEDICAL protocols ,PATIENT safety - Abstract
Background: A woman and girl centred, rights-based approach to health care is critical to achieving sexual and reproductive health. However, women with female genital mutilation in high-income countries have been found to receive sub-optimal care. This study examined documents guiding clinicians in health and community service settings in English-speaking high-income countries to identify approaches to ensure quality women and girl-centred care for those with or at risk of female genital mutilation. Method: We undertook a scoping review using the integrative model of patient-centredness to identify principles, enablers, and activities to facilitate woman and girl-centred care interactions. We developed an inclusion criterion to identify documents such as guidance statements and tools and technical guidelines, procedural documents and clinical practice guidelines. We searched the databases and websites of health professional associations, ministries of health, hospitals, national, state and local government and non-government organisations working in female genital mutilation in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, The United States, New Zealand, and Australia. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation tool was used to appraise screened documents. Findings: One-hundred and twenty-four documents were included in this scoping review; 88 were developed in the United Kingdom, 20 in Australia, nine in the United States, three in Canada, two in New Zealand and two in Ireland. The focus of documents from the United Kingdom on multi-professional safeguarding (62), while those retrieved from Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand and the US focused on clinical practice. Twelve percent of the included documents contained references to all principles of patient-centred care, and only one document spoke to all principles, enablers and activities. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the need to improve the female genital mutilation-related guidance provided to professionals to care for and protect women and girls. Professionals need to involve women and girls with or at risk of female genital mutilation in the co-design of guidelines and tools and evaluation of them and the co-production of health care. Plain Language Summary: High-quality health care for women and girls should be provided by health workers who are respectful and caring. Health workers should also work with others as a team and help women and girls make their own decisions about their health care. This approach is called patient-centred care. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a cultural practice associated with poor health outcomes. Women who have experienced FGM have not always received quality health care. We studied the guidance and tools to help health workers provide care to women and girls with or at risk of FGM. This study aimed to understand how health workers are supported to provide woman and girl-centred health care in these documents. We searched for these documents on the websites of health professional associations, government health departments and organisations working in FGM in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, The United States, New Zealand, and Australia. The documents were analysed using a tool that described all the important areas needed to provide patient-centred health care. Of the 124 documents, we found that only 12% contained information about all aspects of patient-centred care. Only one document had details about all the areas that are part of patient-centred care. This study shows that we need to improve the FGM-related guidance provided to health workers to care for and protect women and girls. There is a need for health workers to involve women and girls with or at risk of FGM in designing guidelines and tools and evaluating them to these documents best fit their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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26. The migration of nurses: trends and policies.
- Author
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Buchan, James and Sochalski, Julie
- Subjects
- *
INTERNAL migration , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *NURSES , *EMPLOYMENT in foreign countries , *LABOR supply - Abstract
This paper examines the policy context of the rise in the international mobility and migration of nurses. It describes the profile of the migration of nurses and the policy context governing the international recruitment of nurses to five countries: Australia, Ireland, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States. We also examine the policy challenges for workforce planning and the design of health systems infrastructure. Data are derived from registries of professional nurses, censuses, interviews with key informants, case studies in source and destination countries, focus groups, and empirical modelling to examine the patterns and implications of the movement of nurses across borders. The flow of nurses to these destination countries has risen, in some cases quite substantially. Recruitment from lower-middle income countries and low-income countries, as defined by The World Bank, dominate trends in nurse migration to the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the United States, while Norway and Australia, primarily register nurses from other high-income countries. Inadequate data systems in many countries prevent effective monitoring of these workforce flows. Policy options to manage nurse migration include: improving working conditions in both source and destination countries, instituting multilateral agreements to manage the flow more effectively, and developing compensation arrangements between source and destination countries. Recommendations for enhancements to workforce data systems are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
27. New Evidence on the Fertility Transition in Ireland 1880-1911.
- Author
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Gráda, Cormac Oó
- Subjects
HUMAN fertility ,CONTRACEPTION ,MARRIAGE - Abstract
The article focuses on the fertility transition in Ireland during 1880-1911. The decline in Irish marital fertility was neither uniform nor universal. Between 1881 and 1911, there were increases in Counties Galway, Mayo, Roscommon and Donegal, while the decline in several other counties was small. Cohort parity analysis (CPA), a fertility measure devised by researcher Paul David and his research associates, provides a means of inferring the extent and timing of birth control within marriage from distributions of married women by number of children born. A key aspect of CPA is the extent to which married couples resort to contraception in order to "space" births. Ireland has played an important part in the development of CPA, because David and his colleagues believe that the rural Irish of 1911 provide a suitable model, not only for urban Ireland in 1911 and the United States around the turn of the century, but also for Western Europe, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, from the mid-nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries.
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- 1991
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28. Reconceptualising and (Re)Forming Early Childhood Professional Identities: Ongoing Transnational Policy Discussions
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Arndt, Sonja, Smith, Kylie, Urban, Mathias, Ellegaard, Thomas, Blue Swadener, Beth, and Murray, Colette
- Abstract
Problematic policy constructions of the purpose of education implicate professional identities and working conditions of professionals working with the youngest children. This paper builds on our earlier writing, to contest teacher professional identities in Australia, Ireland, Denmark and the United States of America, to illustrate the crucial importance of contextualised policy landscapes in early childhood education and care. It uses prevailing policy constructions, power imbalances and tensions in defining teacher identities, to ask crucial questions, such as what has become of the professional 'self'. It questions the fundamental ethics of care and encounter, and of worthy wage and other campaigns focused on the well-being of teachers when faced with a world-wide crisis. The cross-national conversations culminate in a contemporary confrontation of teacher identity and imperatives in increasingly uncertain times as evolving in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
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29. Generating Stable University Funding Mechanisms: Income Contingent Loan Structure Choice within the Irish Education System
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Larkin, Charles and Corbet, Shaen
- Abstract
This paper presents an exploratory analysis of the funding mechanisms for higher education across sixteen countries which builds upon existing work on educational institutions, educational outcomes, and welfare regimes. We focus upon the current financing dilemma within the Irish higher education system, seeking potential solutions within an international comparison. Our quantitative analysis identifies four clusters of countries: the Nordic, Continental-Europe, Mediterranean and English-Speaking; all of which are strongly correlated to economic and structural characteristics based on welfare state literature. Each education regime is associated with institutional, economic, and political factors. Our analysis presents evidence that Ireland does not possess the characteristics of a country that could benefit from an income-contingent lending structure to fund university education due to inherent sovereign characteristics. Further, Ireland could be better served through the introduction of free fee structures such as that found in Norway and Scotland or through the generation of state-sponsored lending facilities through private institutions like those already in place in Finland, Germany, and Sweden.
- Published
- 2021
30. In Abundance: Networked Participatory Practices as Scholarship
- Author
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Stewart, Bonnie E.
- Abstract
In an era of knowledge abundance, scholars have the capacity to distribute and share ideas and artifacts via digital networks, yet networked scholarship often remains unrecognized within institutional spheres of influence. Using ethnographic methods including participant observation, interviews, and document analysis, this study investigates networks as sites of scholarship. Its purpose is to situate networked practices within Boyer's (1990) four components of scholarship--discovery, integration, application, and teaching--and to explore them as a techno-cultural system of scholarship suited to an era of knowledge abundance. Not only does the paper find that networked engagement both aligns with and exceeds Boyer's model for scholarship, it suggests that networked scholarship may enact Boyer's initial aim of broadening scholarship itself through fostering extensive cross-disciplinary, public ties and rewarding connection, collaboration, and curation between individuals rather than roles or institutions.
- Published
- 2015
31. Benchmarking veterinary librarians' participation in systematic reviews and scoping reviews.
- Author
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Toews, Lorraine
- Subjects
LIBRARY education ,BENCHMARKING (Management) ,COLLEGE students ,COLLEGE teachers ,DECISION making ,PSYCHOLOGY of librarians ,MANAGEMENT ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SURVEYS ,TIME ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,VETERINARY medicine ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LITERATURE reviews ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to benchmark roles that veterinary librarians at universities and colleges play in systematic reviews (SRs) and scoping reviews that are conducted by faculty and students at their institutions, to benchmark the level of training that veterinary librarians have in conducting SRs, to identify barriers to their participation in SRs, and to identify other types of literature reviews that veterinary librarians participate in. Methods: Sixty veterinary librarians in universities and colleges in Canada, the United States, England, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand were surveyed online about their roles and training in conducting SRs, barriers to participation in SRs, and participation in other types of literature reviews. Results: Veterinary librarians' highest participation was at an advising level in traditional librarian roles as question formulator, database selector, search strategy developer, and reference manager. Most respondents reported pretty good to extensive training in traditional roles and no or some training in less traditional roles. Sixty percent of respondents received few or no requests to participate in SRs, and only half of respondents had participated in SRs as a review team member. Sixty percent of respondents stated that their libraries had no policies regarding librarian roles and participation in SRs. Conclusions: The surveyed veterinary librarians participated in SRs to a lesser degree than human health sciences librarians, experienced low demand from veterinary faculty and students to participate in SRs, and participated as review team members at significantly lower rates than human health sciences librarians. The main barriers to participation in SRs were lack of library policies, insufficient training, and lack of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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32. Pre-Service Primary Teachers' Knowledge and Understanding of Geography and Its Teaching: A Review
- Author
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Catling, Simon
- Abstract
It is a decade since the last review of the geographical understandings of pre-service primary teachers. Examining the range of research about novice primary teachers' geographical and environmental knowledge and understanding, it is clear there have been limited follow up studies, and there remain important gaps in the research. Research relevant to this topic was identified through journal, research book and conference proceedings searches, where these were accessible. It is evident that more research now exists into pre-service primary teachers' senses of geography, geographical and environmental knowledge and environmental attitudes. For instance, it appears that they have an information oriented view of geography but are not clear about the meaning of the term "environment", that there are misunderstandings in such aspects of their geographical knowledge as climate change, that they may not adapt their behaviors though they appreciate a need for care for the environment, and that they have limited experience in planning for and teaching geography in primary schools. Furthermore, studies are lacking into their understanding of such aspects of geographical learning as fieldwork, map work, geographical enquiry and a wide range of topics in physical and human geography. While there is some information, little is known really about their teaching of geography to younger children. In view of the increased focus globally on geographical knowledge in the school curriculum, this raises serious questions about geography teacher educators' understanding of their trainee primary teachers, in part because tutors seem rarely to undertake such research. This appears to be an embedded situation, resulting in negligible evidence to challenge the status quo and improve pre-service primary teachers' geographical knowledge. Is it really a concern? Four responses are presented, but the paper concludes that more needs to be known.
- Published
- 2014
33. A Tale of Five Countries: Background and Confidence in Preservice Primary Teachers in Drama Education across Five Countries
- Author
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Russell-Bowie, Deirdre E.
- Abstract
In many public primary schools across different countries, generalist primary teachers are required to teach all subjects, including music, dance, drama and visual arts. This study investigates the background and confidence of preservice primary teachers from five countries in relation to drama and drama education. It also examines if there is a difference between the preservice teachers' perceptions of their own background and confidence in drama education in relation to each of the five countries (Australia, South Africa, Namibia, USA and Ireland). On investigating the differences between countries, there were significant statistical differences in the means of responses from preservice teachers from the different countries in relation to both background and confidence in drama education. The paper concludes with suggestions for teacher educators, given their students' weak background in drama education. (Contains 5 tables.)
- Published
- 2013
34. Transition between Primary and Secondary School: Why It Is Important and How It Can Be Supported
- Author
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Hanewald, Ria
- Abstract
This paper identifies and critiques literature on the experience of transition between primary and secondary school; how and why it is seen as critical and in what ways it can be supported. The aim of this literature review is to remind readers of this important period on the lives of young people and the diverse range of issues which they face. There is general consensus in the literature that well-designed and implemented transition approaches can assist in the process of supporting students, their families and school staff. Teachers are crucial in supporting children and young people moving in, between and out of school and making these transitions positive experiences. Therefore, pre-service teacher education needs to include awareness and understanding of the main issues in relation to transition. Teacher educators need to consider how they can incorporate transition programs and strategies in their courses to ensure that graduate teachers have the skills and knowledge to mediate some of the pressures that their students are facing when dealing with transitions. (Contains 1 figure.)
- Published
- 2013
35. Same but Different? Measurement Invariance of the PIAAC Motivation-to-Learn Scale across Key Socio-Demographic Groups
- Author
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Gorges, Julia, Koch, Tobias, Maehler, Débora B., and Offerhaus, Judith
- Abstract
Background: Data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) revealed that countries systematically differ in their respondents' literacy, numeracy, and problem solving in technology-rich environments skills; skill levels also vary by gender, age, level of education or migration background. Similarly, systematic differences have been documented with respect to adults' participation in education, which can be considered as a means to develop and maintain skills. From a psychological perspective, motivation to learn is considered a key factor associated with both skill development and participation in (further) education. In order to account for motivation when analyzing PIAAC data, four items from the PIAAC background questionnaire were recently compiled into a motivation-to-learn scale. This scale has been found to be invariant (i.e., showing full weak and partial strong measurement invariance) across 21 countries. Methods: This paper presents further analyses using multiple-group graded response models to scrutinize the validity of the motivation-to-learn scale for group comparisons. Results: Results indicate at least partial strong measurement invariance across gender, age groups, level of education, and migration background in most countries under study (all CFI > 0.95, all RMSEA < 0.08). Thus, the scale is suitable for comparing both means and associations across these groups. Conclusions:Results are discussed in light of country characteristics, challenges of measurement invariance testing, and potential future research using PIAAC data.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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36. Proceedings of the Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (31st, Seoul, Korea, July 8-13, 2007). Volume 2
- Author
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International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education., Woo, Jeong-Ho, Lew, Hee-Chan, Park, Kyo-Sik Park, and Seo, Dong-Yeop
- Abstract
This second volume of the 31st annual proceedings of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education conference presents research reports for author surnames beginning Alc- through Hal-. Reports include: (1) How Do Your Students Think about Proof? A DVD Resource for Mathematicians (Lara Alcock); (2) Teachers' Conceptions of Mathematical Challenge in School Mathematics (Mark Applebaum and Roza Leikin); (3) Semiotic Games: The Role of the Teacher (Ferdinando Arzarello and Domingo Paola); (4) Examples, a Missing Link (Amir H. Asghari); (5) Scaffolding Revisited: From Tool for Result to Tool-and-Result (Mike Askew); (6) How Can We Assess Mathematical Understanding? (Patrick Barmby, Tony Harries, Steve Higgins, and Jennifer Suggate); (7) The Discursive Construction of Mathematical Thinking: The Role of Researchers' Descriptions (Richard Barwell); (8) Authority and Esteem Effects of Enhancing Remote Indigenous Teacher-Assistants' Mathematics-Education Knowledge and Skills (Annette R. Baturo, Tom J. Cooper, and Katherine Doyle); (9) Raising Students' Understanding: Linear Algebra (Marianna Bogomolny); (10) Informal Conceptions of Distribution Held by Elementary Preservice Teachers (Daniel L. Canada); (11) First Graders' Strategies for Numerical Notation, Number Reading and the Number Concept (Gabrielle A. Cayton and Barbara M. Brizuela); (12) An Exploratory Study of Elementary Beginning Mathematics Teacher Efficacy (Y. L. Chang and S. C. Wu); (13) Preservice Secondary Mathematics Teachers' Knowledge and Inquiry Teaching Approaches (Olive Chapman); (14) Developing and Testing a Scale for Measuring Students' Understanding of Fractions (Charalambos Y. Charalambous); (15) The Effectiveness and Limitation of Reading and Coloring Strategy in Learning Geometry Proof (Ying-Hao Cheng and Fou-Lai Lin); (16) Grade 5/6 Teachers' Perceptions of Algebra in the Primary School Curriculum (Helen L. Chick and Kiri Harris); (17) The Influence of Inquiry-Based MathematicsTeaching on 11th Grade High Achievers: Focusing on Metacognition (Erh-Tsung Chin, Yung-Chi Lin, Chih-Wei Chuang, and Hsiao-Lin Tuan); (18) The Effects of "Spatial Geometry Curriculum with 3D DGS" in Lower Secondary School Mathematics (Kimiho Chino, Tatsuo Morozumi, Hitoshi Arai, Fumihiro Ogihara, Yuichi Oguchi, and Mikio Miyazaki); (19) Mathematics as Mother/Basis of Science in Affect: Analysis of TIMSS 2003 Data (Mei-Shiu Chiu); (20) Mediating Model between Logo and DGS for Planar Curves (Han Hyuk Cho, Min Ho Song, and Hwa Kyung Kim); (21) Comparing Korean and U.S. Third Grade Elementary Student Conceptual Understanding of Basic Multiplication Facts (Insook Chung and Hee-Chan Lew); (22) Self-Monitoring by Lesson Reports from Teachers in Problem-Solving Maths Lessons (Christina Collet, Regina Bruder, and Evelyn Komorek); (23) Mathematics Education and Torres Strait Islander Blocklaying Students: The Power of Vocational Context and Structural Understanding (Tom J. Cooper, Annette R. Baturo, Bronwyn Ewing, Elizabeth Duus, and Kaitlin Moore); (24) Interdisciplinary Learning and Perceptions of Interconnectedness of Mathematics (Ng Kit Ee Dawn, Gloria Stillman, and Kaye Stacey); (25) The Treatment of Addition and Subtraction of Fractions in Cypriot, Irish, and Taiwanese Textbooks (Sean Delaney, Charalambos Y. Charalambous, Hui-Yu Hsu, and Vilma Mesa); (26) The Development of Primary Students' Knowledge of the Structured Number Line (Carmel Diezmann and Tom Lowrie); (27) Reasoning with Metaphors and Constructing an Understanding of the Mathematical Function Concept (Hamide Dogan-Dunlap); (28) Exploring the English Proficiency-Mathematical Proficiency Relationship in Learners: An Investigation Using Instructional English Computer Software (Anthony Essien and Mamokgethi Setati); (29) Vet in the Middle: Catering for Motivational Differences in Vocational Access Courses in Numeracy (Bronwyn Ewing, Annette Baturo, Tom Cooper, Elizabeth Duus, and Kaitlin Moore); (30) The Gendering of Mathematics in Israel and Australia (Helen J. Forgasz and David Mittelberg); (31) 21st Century Children, Numeracy and Technology: An Analysis of Peer-Reviewed Literature (Jillian L. Fox); (32) Teaching and Teacher's Competence with ICT in Mathematics in a Community of Inquiry (Anne Berit Fuglestad); (33) Statistical Inference in Textbooks: Mathematical and Everyday Contexts (Israel Garcia-Alonso and Juan Antonio Garcia-Cruz); (34) Pre-Service Elementary School Teachers' Experiences with the Process of Creating Proofs (Soheila Gholamazad); (35) International Survey of High School Students' Understanding of Key Concepts of Linearity (Carole Greenes, Kyung Yoon Chang, and David Ben-Chaim); and (36) Mathematical Beliefs in Pictures and Words Seen through "Multiple Eyes" (Stefan Halverscheid and Katrin Rolka). (Individual papers contain references.) [For other volumes in the series, see ED499416, ED499418, and ED499419.]
- Published
- 2007
37. Adult Basic Education: Impact of Policy on Practice. An Annotated Bibliography
- Author
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Centre for Literacy of Quebec (Canada) and Elliott, Claire
- Abstract
This bibliography was compiled for The Centre for Literacy's 2004 Summer Institute: "Adult Basic Education: Impact of Policy on Practice: International Perspectives". The references and annotations point to relevant research studies, advocacy papers, and government documents that describe and discuss the role that policy plays in shaping program-level structures and practices in the adult literacy and basic education sector in Canada, and internationally. This list is not exhaustive, but represents a core set of essential readings on the topic and offers a solid starting point for more in-depth research. Research for this bibliography involved thorough searches of: The Centre for Literacy resource collection; the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC); the National Adult Literacy Database (NALD); the National Institute for Literacy (NIFL) "LINCS" database; and numerous national and provincial government and organizational web sites. All sources of information appear in the annotated list of web sites. Search terms included: adult basic education; adult education; adult literacy; educational policy; lifelong learning; literacy policy; policy formation. The annotations are abridged or edited versions of existing author or ERIC abstracts, though where no abstract was available, one was written. The original source of all annotations is identified in square brackets.
- Published
- 2004
38. Skills, Earnings, and Employment: Exploring Causality in the Estimation of Returns to Skills
- Author
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Hampf, Franziska, Wiederhold, Simon, and Woessmann, Ludger
- Abstract
Ample evidence indicates that a person's human capital is important for success on the labor market in terms of both wages and employment prospects. However, unlike the efforts to identify the impact of school attainment on labor-market outcomes, the literature on returns to cognitive skills has not yet provided convincing evidence that the estimated returns can be causally interpreted. Using the PIAAC Survey of Adult Skills, this paper explores several approaches that aim to address potential threats to causal identification of returns to skills, in terms of both higher wages and better employment chances. We address measurement error by exploiting the fact that PIAAC measures skills in several domains. Furthermore, we estimate instrumental-variable models that use skill variation stemming from school attainment and parental education to circumvent reverse causation. Results show a strikingly similar pattern across the diverse set of countries in our sample. In fact, the instrumental-variable estimates are consistently larger than those found in standard least-squares estimations. The same is true in two "natural experiments," one of which exploits variation in skills from changes in compulsory-schooling laws across U.S. states. The other one identifies technologically induced variation in broadband Internet availability that gives rise to variation in ICT skills across German municipalities. Together, the results suggest that least-squares estimates may provide a lower bound of the true returns to skills in the labor market.
- Published
- 2017
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39. Degrees of Competency: The Relationship between Educational Qualifications and Adult Skills across Countries
- Author
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Massing, Natascha and Schneider, Silke L.
- Abstract
Background: Educational qualifications and literacy skills are highly related. This is not surprising as it is one aim of educational systems to equip individuals with competencies necessary to take part in society. Because of this relationship educational qualifications are often used as a proxy for "human capital". However, from a theoretical perspective, there are many reasons why this relationship is not perfect, and to some degree this is due to third variables. Thus, we want to explore the net relationship between educational attainment (harmonized according to the International Standard Classification of Education, ISCED) and literacy skills, and how much skills vary within education levels across countries. Methods: We use data from 21 countries from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies 2012. This paper compares the literacy skills of adults who achieved different levels of educational attainment across countries. Given the high degree of educational differentiation in most countries, we do this using a more differentiated educational attainment variable than what is commonly used. In our analyses we firstly adjust for factors that are likely to affect access to education and the acquisition of educational qualifications and literacy skills, such as parental education and language and migration background. In a second step, we also take into account factors affecting skill development after initial formal education, such as occupation and skill use at home. Results: We firstly find a high degree of heterogeneity of skills across countries for equivalent education categories. Secondly, we find skill similarities for equivalent education categories classified at different broad education levels, sometimes even breaking the hierarchical order of 'higher education entails higher competencies'. Conclusion: We conclude that ISCED levels cannot be taken as a cross-nationally comparable proxy for human capital in terms of literacy skills, and that education has to be harmonized in a substantively more meaningful way in future adult literacy surveys.
- Published
- 2017
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40. International Trends in the Implementation of Assessment for Learning: Implications for Policy and Practice
- Author
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Birenbaum, Menucha, DeLuca, Christopher, Earl, Lorna, Heritage, Margaret, Klenowski, Val, Looney, Anne, Smith, Kari, Timperley, Helen, Volante, Louis, and Wyatt-Smith, Claire
- Abstract
This paper discusses the emergence of assessment for learning (AfL) across the globe with particular attention given to Western educational jurisdictions. Authors from Australia, Canada, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Norway, and the USA explain the genesis of AfL, its evolution and impact on school systems, and discuss current trends in policy directions for AfL within their respective countries. The authors also discuss the implications of these various shifts and the ongoing tensions that exist between AfL and summative forms of assessment within national policy initiatives.
- Published
- 2015
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41. Change and Continuity: A Quantitative Investigation of Trends and Characteristics of International Social Workers in England.
- Author
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Hussein, Shereen, Stevens, Martin, Manthorpe, Jill, and Moriarty, Jo
- Subjects
CLINICAL competence ,AGE distribution ,ANALYSIS of variance ,CHI-squared test ,FOREIGN medical personnel ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIAL workers ,QUANTITATIVE research - Abstract
The UK has long experienced a shortage of social workers and has recruited internationally to meet demand. There have been few specific data quantifying the scale of social work mobility to the UK through which such experiences can be set in context. The analysis reported in this article uses data from October 2008, relating to registered social workers working in England. As part of a wider study of migrant social care workers in England, the article reports analysis of data records of over 7,000 non-UK social workers registered to work in England and compares their characteristics to UK-qualified social workers. These analyses are supplemented by analysis of more recent application and registration data from the General Social Care Council pertaining to social workers qualified within and outside the European Union during 2008 and 2009. The findings highlight several important observations in terms of non-UK-qualified social workers' profile as well as some possible trends in migration and variations in rates of qualification verification. Over half of all international social workers in England were trained in four countries: Australia, South Africa, India and the USA. Findings are contextualised with qualitative data obtained from the wider study and policy debates. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
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42. The 'Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior' at Fifty
- Author
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Laties, Victor G.
- Abstract
The "Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior" was founded in 1958 by a group of male psychologists, mainly from the northeastern USA and connected with either Harvard or Columbia. Fifty years later about 20% of both editors and authors reside outside this country and almost the same proportion is women. Other changes in the journal include having its own website for more than a decade and now publishing online as well as on paper. A recent connection with PubMed Central of the National Library of Medicine has made possible the completely free electronic presentation of the entire archive of about 3,800 articles. (Contains 5 tables and 3 figures.)
- Published
- 2008
43. Are National-Level Research Evaluation Models Valid, Credible, Useful, Cost-Effective, and Ethical?
- Author
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Coryn, Chris L. S. and Scriven, Michael
- Abstract
The evaluation of government-financed research has become increasingly important in the last few decades in terms of increasing the quality of, and payoff from, the research that is done, reducing the cost of doing it, and lending public credibility to the manner in which research is funded. But there are very large differences throughout the world in the extent to which systems used promote these results. This paper briefly presents the dimensional results of a study designed to comparatively evaluate the national-level research evaluation models in sixteen countries on five merit-defining dimensions. (Contains 6 figures.)
- Published
- 2007
44. Rescuing Lay Teachers in Catholic Schools from Anonymity for the Period 1870-1970
- Author
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O'Donoghue, Thomas A.
- Abstract
Over the last 25 years there has been a growing corpus of literature internationally on the history of teachers. During the 1980s, educational historians in the United States became particularly active in developing this general field. However, the general field of the history of Catholic teachers' lives is still much under-researched internationally. Furthermore, what little accounts there are tend towards being heroic and centre on the lives of those teachers who were priests, brothers and nuns, and who were collectively known as "the teaching religious". The emphasis in many of the histories of Catholic education on the lives of the members of religious teaching orders is hardly surprising given that for over one hundred years up to the mid 1960s they dominated the Catholic teaching force in the English-speaking world, particularly in the United States, England and Wales, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. The Catholic school came to be seen by the Church as one of its instruments for holding on to, and re-establishing its control over, the faithful. The staffing of Catholic schools with members of religious orders ensured that Catholic education could be provided for the "masses" since the labour provided was cheap. It also ensured that young Catholics were shaped in a manner which served the Church's interests, the most crucial of which were to ensure the teaching of religion, the infusion of the various subjects on the secular curriculum with Catholic principles and ideals, and the creation of a religious atmosphere in the schools which was all-pervasive. Providing a basic elementary education in the 3Rs for the great mass of Catholic children was also motivated by a desire to break down the link between being Catholic and being poor. While most of the work in Catholic schools was conducted by teaching religious, in their midst were lay teachers. These constitute a much under-researched group in Catholic education internationally. This paper is offered as one attempt to provoke some thought on this neglected group in the historiography of the Catholic teacher and, hopefully, stimulate research, in an attempt to fill the lacuna which exists.
- Published
- 2004
45. Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year Ending June 30, 1904. Volume 1
- Author
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Department of the Interior, United States Bureau of Education (ED)
- Abstract
Volume 1 begins with the Commissioner of Education's introduction and includes state school-system statistics. Chapter I covers education in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Chapter II presents children's growth statistics collected in Worcester, Mass., Toronto, Ontario, and Milwaukee. Chapter III addresses German university pension and insurance beneficiary regulations. Chapter IV presents a digest of school laws on governance, teachers, and schools for each state except Florida, Idaho, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. Chapter V discusses the University of Paris during the Middle Ages. Chapter VI presents the proceedings of an Armstrong Association meeting on the work and influence of Hampton Institute, including a letter from former U.S. president Grover Cleveland and addresses by Andrew Carnegie, Harvard president Charles W. Eliot, Hampton principal H.B. Frissell, and Booker T. Washington. Chapter VII addresses public school temperance instruction and the liquor question, with reports from Connecticut, New York State, and Massachusetts, as well as information on Prussian temperance instruction. Chapter VIII presents early English writers' notices on education from 1578 to 1603. Subsequent chapters address German juvenile criminality; Southeastern Alaska's Hlingit language grammar and vocabulary; the Swedish education system; British and Irish education in 1903; and English higher education, i.e., secondary, technical, and evening schools, and the 1902 law requiring councils to support schools higher than elementary schools. Chapters XIV and XV cover education at the St. Louis Exposition, including state and territorial and educational institution exhibits. Chapter XVI discusses the final establishment of the American common school system in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia between 1863 and 1900. Chapter XVII reprints the Alaskan-education general agent's 1890 preliminary report and 1892 report on introducing domestic reindeer into Alaska. Chapter XVIII offers "A Definition of Civilization," the Indian Industrial School commencement address by W.T. Harris, and papers by Harris on "Art Education the True Industrial Education" and "The Intellectual Value of Tool Work." Chapter XIX is a list of U.S. education periodicals. Chapter XX is a directory of chief state school officers, city superintendents, college presidents, pedagogy professors and university and college pedagogy department heads, and normal-school principals. [For Volume 2, see ED620501.]
- Published
- 1906
46. The Role of Occupational Health Services in Psychosocial Risk Management and the Promotion of Mental Health and Well-Being at Work.
- Author
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Jain A, Hassard J, Leka S, Di Tecco C, and Iavicoli S
- Subjects
- Australia, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Humans, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mental Health, Netherlands, Poland, Risk Management, United Kingdom, United States, Occupational Health, Occupational Health Services
- Abstract
The development and enhancement of occupational health services (OHS) at the national level is central to ensuring the sustainable health, well-being and work engagement of the working population. However, due to differences in national health, social security and occupational safety and health systems, the content, capacity, coverage and provisions of OHS vary considerably across national contexts. Obtaining a better understanding in terms of such similarities and variations internationally is essential as such comparative information can help inform evidenced-based decision-making on OHS at both policy and practice levels. This paper therefore reviews and analyses the key policies, standards and approaches in OH systems and services, using both academic and grey literature, across 12 industrialised countries (Australia, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Poland, United Kingdom and the United States of America). It provides a detailed overview and categorization of OHS in these selected countries in terms of the legal and policy context, organisation and financing and coverage and staffing while specifically discussing variations aimed at psychosocial risk management and the promotion of mental health and well-being at work. It draws conclusions on key development needs of OHS internationally to ensure psychosocial risk management and mental health promotion are prioritised effectively in a preventive manner.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Ethics codes and use of new and innovative drugs.
- Author
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Borysowski J, Ehni HJ, and Górski A
- Subjects
- Australia, Canada, Cross-Cultural Comparison, France, Germany, Humans, Internationality, Ireland, New Zealand, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Therapies, Investigational methods, United Kingdom, United States, Codes of Ethics, Drugs, Investigational therapeutic use, Ethics, Medical, Therapies, Investigational ethics
- Abstract
Treatment with new and/or innovative drugs with uncertain safety and efficacy profile is associated with substantial ethical concerns. The main objective of this paper is to present guidance on the use of such drugs contained in: (i) major international codes and guidelines pertaining to medical ethics and biomedical research; (ii) national codes of medical ethics and professional conduct of the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the UK, Ireland, France and Germany. Out of the four international codes and guidelines analysed, only the Declaration of Helsinki addresses the question of the use of unproven drugs. Among national codes, only two (USA and New Zealand) explicitly allow for use of new or innovative drugs. Moreover, treatment with unproven drugs seems to be permissible under the French code, though this is not stated explicitly. The remaining codes do not contain any articles on the use of new and innovative drugs. An update of existing articles, as well as the addition of new guidelines to the codes, should be considered in view of the rapid pace of development and introduction to clinical practice of new drugs. This work is relevant to innovative off-label applications of approved drugs and expanded access to investigational drugs., (© 2018 The British Pharmacological Society.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Interpretations and variations of ISO 9000 in acute health care. International Organization for Standardization.
- Author
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Sweeney J and Heaton C
- Subjects
- Accreditation, Australia, Certification, Documentation, Health Services Research, Humans, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Switzerland, United States, Acute Disease, Guideline Adherence statistics & numerical data, Guidelines as Topic, Total Quality Management standards
- Abstract
Objective: This paper aims to address two questions related to the implementation of the ISO 9000 Quality Management System standard in the acute health care sector: which countries have developed specific nationwide guidelines/interpretations? and what variances exist between the different interpretations of the ISO 9002 standard?, Design: The study was carried out via an assessment of the available guideline documents for the use of ISO 9000 in the acute health care sector. The interpretation of each document was examined for common elements and deviations from the commonly agreed terms., Setting: Worldwide in the acute health care sector (excluding that of laboratories)., Study Participants: Eighty-two international ISO members and/or quality health care organizations., Results: The results showed variation in the interpretations of the ISO 9000 standard. In total, 16 of the clauses/subclauses note distinct variations, between one or more of the documents, which could alter the perception of the system., Conclusion: From examination of the six identified guideline documents, the claim that ISO 9000 introduces quality systems which are comparable from one country to another is unfounded in the acute health care sector.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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