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Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After considering the many attempts of cooperation among unions in multinational firms particularly the paper industry, the authors are not optimistic about results in the immediate future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of deontic modality as a strategic means of mitigating evaluative meanings within and across texts. Evaluative meanings concern the function of language as used to express the speaker's or writer's subjective opinions, and such meanings have been extensively analysed through Appraisal framework. The framework has been used to account for evaluative/attitudinal meanings in texts, as well as dealing with the interaction of voices as one way through which speakers and writers can attribute evaluations to third parties in order to downplay or distance themselves from the evaluations that are expressed. Within the literature on Appraisal, however, the potential for deontic modality to mitigate subjective evaluation in texts has largely been overlooked and, thus, under-analysed. In this paper therefore, we develop a systems network for analysing the role of deontic modality and its interaction with other features as a tool for text analysis. We illustrate the distinctions in the network with examples of contrasting values from hard news stories that covered the 2011 public sector workers' strike in Botswana and finish up with a short textual analysis to demonstrate how the consideration of deontic modality as a strategy of mitigation can not only enhance our understanding of how evaluative meanings are downplayed or overridden in texts, but also of how the distinctions between text types themselves can be blurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper maps 20 years of survey research on performance measurement (PM) practices in public sector organizations. Cumulative findings from the discipline of accounting enhance the understanding of public sector PM and its antecedents and effects. Four maps are presented that visualize the relationships among key variables from prior research in four empirical settings: government, health, education, and other domains. Furthermore, this review distinguishes between individual‐level and organization‐level effects of PM, and includes reflections on the appreciation of PM by public sector employees. The findings highlight that PM use and attributes such as fairness, subjectivity, and clarity significantly impact the outcomes yielded by PM systems. This paper contributes by synthesizing prior research on public sector PM and by identifying research gaps, areas of debate, and avenues for future research. In addition, findings from this review have the potential to add nuance to the sometimes‐polarized debate on the acclaimed "benefits" and "costs" of PM in the public sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio Determination Satellite Service (RDSS) is a characteristic service of BeiDou, which can provide users with short message communication services. Since the working frequency of an RDSS system is close to that of a 5G system, the RDSS system is very susceptible to interference from 5G out-of-band radiation. This paper analyzes the compatibility of 5G interference with an RDSS system from the perspective of the signal and the system. Firstly, the compatibility assessment is carried out from the perspective of the signal, the impact of interference on the capture and tracking performance of BeiDou is illustrated, and the safe coexistence distance of the two systems from the perspective of capture probability is obtained from the perspective of the signal. Subsequently, based on the link budget criterion, the interference of 5G base stations and 5G terminals to RDSS receivers under different frequency isolation and the required distance isolation for safe coexistence are analyzed from the system perspective. Finally, from the perspective of civil aviation safety, the aggregate interference is used as an evaluation index to evaluate the interference suffered by the aircraft during takeoff and landing and to obtain the interference suffered by the ground-based 5G base station during the takeoff and landing of the aircraft on different routes and in different 5G propagation environments. The simulation results show that when the airplane is closer to the ground, the ground 5G base stations will cause harmful interference to the RDSS receiver. In this study, the real flight data are combined with the simulation model to obtain the exact influence range of 5G interference on the RDSS system under different viewpoints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the educational landscape in a way unseen before. Educational institutions are navigating between offline and online learning worldwide. Computer-based testing is rapidly taking over paper-and-pencil testing as the dominant mode of assessment. In some settings, computer-based and paper-and-pencil assessments can also be offered side-by-side, in which case test developers should ensure the evidence of equivalence between both versions. This study aims to establish the equivalency evidence of different delivery modes of the English Competency Test, an English language assessment for civil service officers developed and used by the Human Resources Development Education and Training Center, a civil service training institution under the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. Psychometric analyses were carried out with the Rasch model to measure the unidimensionality, reliability, separation, and standard error of measurement estimates. The findings demonstrate that the paper-and-pencil and computer-based versions of the language assessment exhibit comparatively equivalent psychometric properties. The computer-based version of the English Competency Test is proven to offer a reliable and comparable alternative to the paper-and-pencil version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Opole Studies in Administration & Law (OSAO) / Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne (OSAP) is the property of University of Opole / Uniwersytet Opolski and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents an analysis of the evolution of the improvement of the civil servants in the mayoralties of Romania in the period before the COVID 19 pandemic compared to the pandemic and post COVID 19 period, focusing on the need to digitize public institutions, a strong need for the challenges posed by the pandemic to both public institutions and private organisations, and last but not least to citizens as consumers of public services. The study presented in the paper aims to analyze how the professional training process was conducted in the 3 mentioned periods, to identify the advantages, respectively, the disadvantages of carrying out professional training programs among civil servants and identify the most efficient and preferred way for civil servants to carry out professional training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Wacana Politik is the property of Jurnal Wacana Politik (JWP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Internationalization has become an indispensable part of universities worldwide. Since the 1990s, various research has been conducted with those often seen as the main stakeholders of universities, namely administrators, academics, and students. However, the leading implementors of internationalization and especially mobility programs, international office professionals (IPs), are rarely considered by research. In this study, qualitative research was conducted through 36 semi-structured interviews with IPs in Poland and Turkey. The results revealed that IPs have several professional and institutional challenges. While the professional challenges include diversified responsibilities, incoming students' problems, and communication difficulties with the young generation; institutional challenges are mainly associated with administrative issues like lack of participation in decision-making, temporarily appointed leaders, and lack of academic support. Additionally, in this study, IPs were referred to as street-level bureaucrats as the main contact with the beneficiaries of internationalization. The research revealed that IPs use a high level of discretion in practice. This paper presents examples of how to structure internationalization policies so that the IPs use their power of discretion in a positive way, contributing to policy implementation. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a roadmap for the practical implementation of internationalization and mobility programs in universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the intersection of regional geopolitics and the governance of transboundary rivers using the case studies of multipurpose reservoirs in Himalayan South Asia. It uncovers the various ways Indian hydrocracy uses its institutional and technical expertise to strengthen India's centrality in Nepal's water and hydropower sectors. The practices of security undertaken by the hydrocrats are classified as structural, institutional, and statutory acts. By focusing on practices of an epistemic community like hydrocrats, this paper addresses longstanding weaknesses of the securitisation theory of being elitist and ignoring the agency of mid-level bureaucrats. It also highlights the constructivist nature of international politics. The findings contribute empirically to securitisation theory's 'Paris School' of thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims at developing a model for improving service productivity in public organizations based on the service complexity approach. This is an applied, descriptive qualitative and, quantitative paper. The population in the qualitative section (grounded theory) includes 16 experts in the field of productivity in the university and managers of government organizations in Tehran province who were selected by theoretical sampling method as a method of targeted sampling. The statistical population in the structural equations section includes three categories: 1) Managers and experts of government service organizations; 2) Experts and deputies of government service organizations and, 3) Consultants and experts of government service organizations. In this section, we used multi-stage relative stratified sampling, which according to Cochran's formula, a total of 384 samples acceptable. Thus, the questionnaires were randomly distributed in each of the five regions of the country and, the data from 390 questionnaires were completed through the data analysis algorithm in PLS software. Having analyzed the interviews based on the grounded theory method and in NVivo Plus 2020 software and by open coding, we obtained 143 items as basic concepts from the text of the interviews, which were classified into 31 sub-indices and 11 main indices and five dimensions. Then, we validated and approved the results of the qualitative section through the data analysis algorithm in the PLS software. Given the research findings, we presented and fitted the model of improving service productivity in public organizations based on service complexity in a paradigm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Working on the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased risk to mental health and wellbeing in multiple occupations and contexts. The current study aimed to provide an insight into the rate of probable mental health problems amongst United Kingdom (UK) Government employees who contributed to the COVID-19 response whilst working from home, and to ascertain what factors and constructs, if any, influence mental health and wellbeing in the sample population. Method: This paper reports on the findings from two studies completed by UK Government employees. Study 1: A cross-sectional online survey, containing standardised and validated measures of common mental health disorders of staff who actively contributed to the COVID-19 response from their own homes. Binary logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with mental health outcomes. Study 2: A secondary data analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected across three timepoints (May, June, and August) in 2020 focusing on the wellbeing of employees who worked from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Study 1: 17.9% of participants met the threshold criteria for a probable moderate anxiety disorder, moderate depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Younger, less resilient, less productive individuals, with lower personal wellbeing and less enjoyment of working from home, were more likely to present with poorer mental health. Study 2: Found lower wellbeing was consistently associated with having less opportunities to look after one's physical and mental health, and having unsupportive line managers and colleagues. Conclusion: It is important to ensure UK Government employees' psychological needs are met whilst working from home and responding to enhanced incidents. It is recommended that workplaces should be seeking to continually build and improve employee resilience (e.g., through opportunities to increase social ties and support networks), essentially ensuring employees have necessary resources and skills to support themselves and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over two decades, the literature has characterized contemporary Western societies as audit societies. These societies are characterized by an approach to governance that is shaped by the idea and practice of auditing. This paper shows that with regard to public governance, the audit society has started to give way to a program of government innovation, or what we theorize to be the emergence of a new form of society: the innovation society. The paper builds this theorization on a longitudinal case study of the past 40 years of Danish central government administrative policy developments with a focus on internal auditing. The paper shows that internal auditing has transitioned from being a macro actor of public governance to becoming a micro actor and ultimately terminated. The paper further shows that this dissociation process was instigated not by elected politicians but by highly positioned civil servants who managed to remove what they identified as an obstacle to the stability of the innovation program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bring together two separate strands of the literature (politics and industrial relations) on civil service management and reform to enable consideration of the industrial relations implications of these changes. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is conceptual and has no empirical base. The paper is a general review of existing literature on the subject. Findings – The paper identifies the importance of historical legacy in both management and union behaviour in the civil service. By revisiting earlier civil service reforms, the reader is able to gain an understanding of the rationale for much of the current restructuring of the civil service. Additionally, any discussion of trade union behaviour should be located in the context of union tradition and evolution. Research limitations/implications – In being a general review, the paper does not report empirical evidence but instead provides the background for future research into civil service industrial relations and management. Originality/value – This paper is the first to provide a systematic review of management restructuring in the civil service whilst at the same time considering union responses. As such, the paper is of interest to academics and practitioners in the areas of both management and politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia i Polityka is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As part of Governments of Ghana efforts to deal with misappropriation of public sector resources, the Internal Audit Agency Act, 2003 (Act 658) was established to ensure probity, accountability, and transparency in the management of public sector resources, yet there is a high Corruption Perception Index in Ghana as asserted by the Transparent International 2021 release. To address this concern, our paper is aimed to develop a new model to explain the extent to which internal audit effectiveness (IAE) could be used to build strong organizational resilience as a mechanism through which efficiency in public procurement could be achieved while reducing public sector corruption incidence. Data have been collected from a cross-section of public sector workers. The structural equation modeling approach has been used to analyze the survey data. Our results have shown that cultural, and strategic resilience dimensions of organizational resilience significantly mediate the relationship between IAE and procurement performance. These results have implications for re-enforcement of audit regulations to ensure transparency in managing public sector resources with a focus on reducing negative public sector corruption perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While calls for institutionalization of evidence-informed policy-making (EIP) have become stronger in recent years, there is a paucity of methods that governments and organizational knowledge brokers can use to sustain and integrate EIP as part of mainstream health policy-making. The objective of this paper was to conduct a knowledge synthesis of the published and grey literatures to develop a theoretical framework with the key features of EIP institutionalization.Methods: We applied a critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) that allowed for a systematic, yet iterative and dynamic analysis of heterogeneous bodies of literature to develop an explanatory framework for EIP institutionalization. We used a "compass" question to create a detailed search strategy and conducted electronic searches to identify papers based on their potential relevance to EIP institutionalization. Papers were screened and extracted independently and in duplicate. A constant comparative method was applied to develop a framework on EIP institutionalization. The CIS was triangulated with the findings of stakeholder dialogues that involved civil servants, policy-makers and researchers.Results: We identified 3001 references, of which 88 papers met our eligibility criteria. This CIS resulted in a definition of EIP institutionalization as the "process and outcome of (re-)creating, maintaining and reinforcing norms, regulations, and standard practices that, based on collective meaning and values, actions as well as endowment of resources, allow evidence to become-over time-a legitimate and taken-for-granted part of health policy-making". The resulting theoretical framework comprised six key domains of EIP institutionalization that capture both structure and agency: (1) governance; (2) standards and routinized processes; (3) partnership, collective action and support; (4) leadership and commitment; (5) resources; and (6) culture. Furthermore, EIP institutionalization is being achieved through five overlapping stages: (i) precipitating events; (ii) de-institutionalization; (iii) semi-institutionalization (comprising theorization and diffusion); (iv) (re)-institutionalization; and (v) renewed de-institutionalization processes.Conclusions: This CIS advances the theoretical and conceptual discussions on EIP institutionalization, and provides new insights into an evidence-informed framework for initiating, strengthening and/or assessing efforts to institutionalize EIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

George Diacont was the first Director of Registration and Inspections for the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). Diacont joined the PCAOB in March 2003, shortly after it commenced operations. His approach was to build a team of highly skilled professionals and encourage them to contribute their best ideas. His leadership style was to support his team, listen to their ideas, and make the best decisions possible without concern for praise or recognition. He also worked to instill a "regulatory attitude" in the former auditors who had become inspectors. This paper describes Diacont's long and distinguished career in government service beginning with his military service in the U.S. Marine Corps. He spent 24 years at the Securities and Exchange Commission and five years in the Listing Investigation group at the NASDAQ stock market. He served nearly eight years at the PCAOB before he retired in 2011. JEL Classifications: M4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]