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The study of carbonate petrography is essential for understanding reservoir properties and the quality of rock formations. High-resolution cathodoluminescence spectroscopy and optical microscopy were used to determine the impact of cement on the porosity evolution of carbonate rocks of the Kurra Chine Formation at Sirwan Valley, Northern Iraq. This study represents the first-ever attempt to investigate sedimentology at this location. A total, of 183 thin-section slides, 18 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) samples, 14 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) samples, and 6 Cathodoluminescence (CL) samples were analyzed from the outcrop section of the Kurra Chine Formation. Four types of dolomite textures are recognized and classified based on the crystal size distribution and crystalboundary shape. The porosity within Kurra Chine Formation includes primary and secondary porosity, with the majority of primary porosity being occluded by cementation. Cathodoluminescence analysis revealed two phases of calcite cement in the Kurra Chine Formation. The first phase (C1), is characterized by weak-zoned blocky calcite, displaying a dull luminescence with typical homogenous red color, which fills most of the interparticle and moldic pores. The second type of calcite cement (C2) is ghost-zoned calcite exhibiting red to slight orange luminesces interfingering with dolomite cement. XRD analysis indicated a predominant of calcite and common dolomite. SEM analysis revealed the predominance of secondary porosity occurring within fractures of the dolomite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Baghdad Science Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current research dealt with a comparative taxonomic study of the two types Chenopodium album L. and Chenopodiastrum murale L. at Baghdad, This research was included a cytological study by calculating the chromosome number by sequence n=27,9. and studying the micro-morphological characteristics of the seeds and fruits of the two types, in addition to the surface covering in the leaf part. All phenotypic characteristics of the seeds were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Light microscope (LM) in terms of shape, colour, dimensions Seed size were measured by the program digmizer, as well as the configuration of the seeds surface, The seeds of Ch.album were distinguished by their darkblack color, while the seeds of the other type were greenish-brown, seeds in addition to the fruits, helped to isolate and classify the two types. The surface covering results showed a variation in terms of density and distribution method on the leaf surface, and the presence of glandular-bladder and a glandular hairs was recorded in Ch.album, while for Ch.murale hairs of the a glandular type were observed. It is worth noting that all the results obtained in this research are presented for the first time in Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanoparticles was reflected a powerful antimicrobial agents newly exclusively after growing incidence of diseases related with biofilm and multi-drug resistant pathogens which essential required to find a different path to eliminate that's challenge. So the aim of present study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles through biological method using bacteria Eschriesca coli. Biological silver nanoparticles were described by several techniques. The UV-visible spectrophotometric indicated absorbance peak at 246 to 356 nm, Fourier Transformer Infrared analysis (FTIR) revealed that carboxylic groups and poly phenolic groups are enclosed on the surface of both silver nanoparticles creating stabilized nanoparticles, and by scanning electron microscope (SEM), which shown that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were spherical in size 26.22 to 31.44 nm. Optimization of silver nanoparticle biosynthesis by E. coli was performed for parameters (temperature and pH and concentration of silver nitrate solution) and the results discovered that temperature 60°C, pH 7 and 3 M silver nitrate concentration were the optimum conditions for silver Nano particles biosynthesis by E. coli isolated from clinical samples of Thi - Qar (Nassryah) city-south Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Baghdad Science Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A detailed sedimentological investigation of the Baluti Formation (Late Triassic) in the Warte section, Imbricated Zone, northeastern Kurdistan region of Iraq has been undertaken for the first time. The formation is comprised of 34 m of dolomitic limestone, marly limestone, and marly dolomitic limestone which is partially brecciated and all interbedded with shale and several beds of marl in the lower part. Based on the field observations and petrographic inspections, four different lithostratigraphic units were identified in the studied section, which are, in ascending order: marly dolomitic limestone interbedded with marl and shale unit, brecciated marly dolomitic limestone interbedded with shale unit, fractured marly dolomitic limestone unit, and marly limestone interbedded with shale unit. The petrographic study of 19 thin sections of Baluti carbonates shows that the majority are composed of carbonate mud (micrite). The skeletal grains include ostracods, calcispheres, benthonic foraminifera, gastropods, bivalves, clasts, and bioclasts. While non‐skeletal grains include peloids, intraclasts, and extraclasts. The results of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) of five samples and scanning electron microscope (SEM) of three samples of the shale and marl of the studied formation show that the main clay mineral is illite, whereas non‐clay mineral is dolomite. The carbonate rocks of the Baluti Formation were subjected to different diagenetic processes, such as micritization, dolomitization, cementation, compaction, solution, pyritization, neomorphism, and fracturing. Three main microfacies were identified in the Baluti carbonates and according to their environmental interpretation, they are grouped into one basic type of facies association—subtidal‐semi restricted lagoon. Field observation, petrographic, microfacies, and textural analysis indicate that the Baluti Formation in the Warte section was deposited in a shallow marine, subtidal (lagoon) environment with semi‐restricted conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed to investigate micro-morphological and cytological characteristics for sex species of Euphorbiaceae family in Baghdad during the two growing seasons 2018-2019 . The species are: Euphorbia granulate Forssk.,E.helioscopia L.,E. hirta L.,E. hypericifolia L., E. milli Des Moul .,E. puplus L. Which involved with morphological characters of pollen grains and seeds, as well the chromosomes number, and the study managed to count chromosome number for the above species sequentially:-n=11, n=21, n=9, n=16, n=14,18, n=7,8. The morphological characters of pollen grains surface has been studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), shape and size, polar and equatorial axes, spines length, dimensions of ora and colpi, and the ornamentations on pollen surface, and it has been observed that all the species are tri-zono-colporate, spinulose and spinate (echinated), and spinolophate fruite, and importance of the pollen grains in taxonomy. The study includes morphological characteristics of seeds by using (SEM) In terms of size, shape, color, and appearance of the seed surface(configuration). It has been shown that the seeds are significantly different from species to another. Species help to isolate and classify, and through relying on these characteristics, classification limits could be set, whether at the level of species or genus within each family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new record of Lamproglenine copepods, Lamproglena pulchella were collected from the gills of cyprinid freshwater fish Leuciscus vorax from the Tigris River, Iraq in order to investigate the morphological and functional characteristics of their appendages using scanning electron microscope. A maxilliped appears robust, and bears at its apex two subequal curving, claw-like spines. First legs were with a small protuberance on medial margin of the sympod near the base; endopod apparently unsegmented, exopod indistinctly two-segmented, with several setae on lateral margin and single stout seta on apex. Second legs have two segmented rami; endopod unarmed and exopod with single seta on lateral margin of basal segment and three setae at apex. Third and fourth pairs of appendages were similar, with alike rami and with only two setae at the apex of exopod. These appendages are thought to serve as a holdfast for attachment on the gill filament of the tigris fish. Cuticular differentiations found on the body surface of L. pulchella play a secondary role in the attachment of the copepod on its host. Current study microscopy shows that the maxillae of L. pulchella are characteristically prehensile and thus provides an efficient tool for the attachment to the host tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phylogeny of the species of Potentilla in Kurdistan Region-Iraq was investigated by using six in-group species and one out-group related genus Sibbaldia parviflora, based on trnL-F intergenic region of chloroplast DNA and internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA. In addition, the pollen morphology of the six species of Potentilla was examined by using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Individual and combined analysis of trnL-F and ITS sequence data indicated monophyly of the genus Potentilla, the results of bayesian and maximum parsimony displayed three clades of Potentilla with high supports (bs=100%, pp=1.00). The pollen grains appeared tricolporate and prolatespheroidal, oblate-spheroidal, or oblate; their sizes were small to medium; the outlines varied from circular to ellipsoid; the exine sculpturing type was striate and consists of shallow, fingerprint-like ridges and predominately parallel arranged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]