18 results
Search Results
2. A case for the development of departments of gerocomy in all district general hospitals: discussion paper.
- Author
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Millard, P. H.
- Subjects
MEDICAL care ,GERIATRICS ,MEDICAL care for older people ,GOVERNMENT policy ,HEALTH policy - Abstract
The article focuses on the alteration in health care model for elderly people in Great Britain. The need for the change in treatment approach emerged due to diminishing younger workforce and rapidly growing number of elderly people. The effectiveness of all advances in care for the elderly is undermined by government policies and particularly due to the ways of spending money.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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3. Co-production in health policy and management: a comprehensive bibliometric review.
- Author
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Fusco, Floriana, Marsilio, Marta, and Guglielmetti, Chiara
- Subjects
PUBLIC administration ,HEALTH policy ,LITERATURE translations ,SCHOLARLY periodicals ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Background: Due to an increasingly elderly population, a higher incidence of chronic diseases and higher expectations regarding public service provision, healthcare services are under increasing strain to cut costs while maintaining quality. The importance of promoting systems of co-produced health between stakeholders has gained considerable traction both in the literature and in public sector policy debates. This study provides a comprehensive map of the extant literature and identifies the main themes and future research needs.Methods: A quantitative bibliometric analysis was carried out consisting of a performance analysis, science mapping, and a scientific collaboration analysis. Web of Science (WoS) was chosen to extract the dataset; the search was refined by language, i.e. English, and type of publication, i.e. journal academic articles and reviews. No time limitation was selected.Results: The dataset is made up of 295 papers ranging from 1994 to May 2019. The analysis highlighted an annual percentage growth rate in the topic of co-production of about 25%. The articles retrieved are split between 1225 authors and 148 sources. This fragmentation was confirmed by the collaboration analysis, which revealed very few long-lasting collaborations. The scientific production is geographically polarised within the EU and Anglo-Saxon countries, with the United Kingdom playing a central role. The intellectual structure consists of three main areas: public administration and management, service management and knowledge translation literature. The co-word analysis confirms the relatively low scientific maturity of co-production applied to health services. It shows few well-developed and central terms, which refer to traditional areas of co-production (e.g. public health, social care), and some emerging themes related to social and health phenomena (e.g. the elderly and chronic diseases), the use of technologies, and the recent patient-centred approach to care (patient involvement/engagement).Conclusions: The field is still far from being mature. Empirical practices, especially regarding co-delivery and co-management as well as the evaluation of their real impacts on providers and on patients are lacking and should be more widely investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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4. Linking Health and Wellbeing in Public Discourse and Policy: The Case of the UK.
- Author
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Dalingwater, Louise
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HEALTH policy ,WELL-being ,GOVERNMENT policy ,POLICY discourse - Abstract
Copyright of Interventions Économiques is the property of Association d'Economie Politique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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5. The Conflict Between Public Health And Civil Liberties: The Initial UK Government Policy Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Mujib, Minaa
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ethics ,GOVERNMENT policy ,CIVIL rights ,HEALTH policy ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
This paper aims to illustrate the tension between public health and civil liberties through the case study of the UK government's emergency response to the Covid-19 pandemic. In the area of public health, this tension is predominantly approached by reference to two theories: liberalism and communitarianism. This paper studies these positions and how they are manifested in evidence-based policymaking by combining a study of public health policy with a study of public health ethics. The studies help demonstrate the UK government's framing of health policy relating to Covid-19 in terms of liberalism and communitarianism. The paper concludes that in the initial UK government response to Covid-19, the government discourse evoked communitarian values and framed its policies as being evidence-led and as prioritising public health. However, the policy measures themselves manifested liberal values: they had the underlying concern of not infringing excessively on civil liberties, and individuals were given autonomy of decision making within the measures that were taken. The article concluded that emergency times require a communitarian response based on preventative action. This article is the first to combine public health policy with public health ethics to demonstrate how values form a key part of decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. In your hands.
- Author
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Paton, Nic
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HEALTH policy ,MENTAL depression ,EMPLOYMENT ,HEALTH promotion ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,MENTAL illness ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,SELF-perception ,GOVERNMENT policy ,WELL-being - Abstract
The article discusses how occupational health (OH) practitioners could influence the business agenda of the British government. It argues that the government's public health White Paper "Healthy Lives, Healthy People," which was released in December 2010, is a great opportunity for OH to raise their views on occupational health. The views of OH nurses on the white paper are highlighted. The article also provides an overview of the White Paper.
- Published
- 2011
7. From polarity to plurality: Perceptions of COVID‐19 and policy measures in England and Scotland.
- Author
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Rendall, Jack, McHugh, Neil, Baker, Rachel, Mason, Helen, and Biosca, Olga
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BIOMECHANICS ,INFECTION control ,ATTITUDES toward illness ,RESEARCH funding ,QUALITATIVE research ,GOVERNMENT policy ,HEALTH policy ,INTERVIEWING ,PUBLIC opinion ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,QUANTITATIVE research ,QUARANTINE ,STAY-at-home orders ,SURVEYS ,GOVERNMENT programs ,RESEARCH methodology ,FACTOR analysis ,DATA analysis software ,COVID-19 pandemic ,COVID-19 - Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to uncover perspectives on the COVID‐19 pandemic and the responses implemented by the UK and Scottish Governments to help control the spread of infection. Such understanding could help to inform future responses to pandemics at individual, community and national levels. Method: Q methodology was used to elicit perspectives from people in England and Scotland with different experiences of the pandemic including public health officials, key workers, those on furlough, those who were unvaccinated or vaccinated to different levels, those who were 'shielding' because they were at higher risk and people with different scientific expertise. Participants rank‐ordered phrases about different aspects of COVID‐19 according to their viewpoint. Factor analysis was then conducted in conjunction with interview material from the same respondents. Results: A four‐factor solution was statistically supported and was interpretable alongside the qualitative accounts of participants loading on these factors. These four perspectives are titled Dangerous and Unaccountable Leadership, Fear and Anger at Policy and Public responses, Governing Through a Crisis and Injustices Exposed. Conclusion: The four perspectives demonstrate plurality and nuance in views on COVID‐19 and the associated policies and restrictions, going beyond a binary narrative that has been apparent in popular and social media. The four perspectives include some areas of common ground, as well as disagreement. We argue that understanding the detail of different perspectives might be used to build cohesion around policy initiatives in future. Patient or Public Contribution: The development of the statement set, which is rank‐ordered by participants in a Q study, and factor interpretations were informed by views of the general public. The statement set was initially developed using existing publicly available material based on members of the general public experiencing the pandemic first hand. It was then piloted with members of the public experiencing different challenges as a result of COVID‐19 and the subsequent lockdown and updated based on feedback. Finally, interpretations of the identified factors were presented publicly and edited according to their feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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8. Integrated mental health services in England: a policy paradox?
- Author
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England, Elizabeth and Lester, Helen
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,MENTAL health ,PRIMARY care ,PEOPLE with mental illness ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of health care policy on the development of integrated mental health services in England. Data sources: Drawing largely from a narrative review of the literature on adult mental health services published between January 1997 and February 2003 undertaken by the authors, we discuss three case studies of integrated care within primary care, secondary care and across the primary/secondary interface for people with serious mental illness. Conclusion: We suggest that while the central thrust of a raft of recent Government policies in England has been towards integration of different parts of the health care system, policy waterfalls and implementation failures, the adoption of ideas before they have been thoroughly tried and tested, a lack of clarity over roles and responsibilities and poor communication have led to an integration rhetoric/reality gap in practice. This has particular implications for people with serious mental health problems. Discussion: We conclude with suggestions for strategies that may facilitate more integrated working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
9. Urban green and blue spaces for influencing physical activity in the United Kingdom: A narrative review of the policy and evidence.
- Author
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Leese, Callum and Al‐Zubaidi, Hussain
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,SAFETY ,UNIVERSAL design ,NON-communicable diseases ,PUBLIC health ,COMMUNITY support ,PHYSICAL activity ,ENVIRONMENTAL health ,PUBLIC spaces ,GOVERNMENT policy ,METROPOLITAN areas ,POLICY sciences ,ENVIRONMENTAL justice ,HEALTH promotion - Abstract
Introduction: With the rapid growth of urbanization globally and in the UK, increasing attention is now being directed towards urban green spaces (UGS). The appeal of UGS to policymakers lies in their capacity to address multiple policy objectives, including improving physical and mental wellbeing, mitigating noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), combating climate change through carbon sequestration, providing climate adaptation measures, and enhancing biodiversity. Method: This narrative review gives an overview of the current literature and UK policy relating to urban green and blue spaces, with a particular focus on the use of UGS to increase physical activity levels. Results: UGS have a profound impact on public health, with evidence indicating their positive effect on both physical and psychological health. Thirty‐eight percent of adults in the UK do not live within 15 minutes of UGS, so policy makers at national and international level are aiming to address this gap. One reason for the health benefits of UGS is associated increased physical activity, a vital component needed to address the burden of non‐communicable disease. To effectively harness UGS to promote physical activity various factors must be considered; proximity and diversity of urban green spaces, and the presence of suitable infrastructure features. Tailoring UGS to meet the needs and preferences of different population demographics is essential, as is ensuring safety, and addressing barriers to access particularly for lower socio‐economic groups. The careful planning of UGS must avoid potential gentrification effects and displacement of vulnerable communities, whilst utilising the equigenic nature of UGS. Conclusions: To create a brighter future and capitalize on the potential of UGS, a collaborative approach is needed, involving communities, local governments, and national authorities. Primary‐care professionals, represented by organizations like the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP), can play a crucial role in advocating for UGS and physical activity, promoting their use, and providing guidance and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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10. Nudge nudge, win-win?
- Author
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Preece, Richard
- Subjects
PUBLIC health ,HEALTH policy ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,OCCUPATIONAL health services ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The author comments on the White Paper "Healthy Lives, Healthy People" which is said to indicate the need to clarify the role of occupational medicine in relation to public health in Great Britain. He asserts that the White Paper emphasizes the contribution of the workplace and employers in improving public health. Mixed reactions to the White Paper are also discussed. INSET: BACK TO THE FUTURE.
- Published
- 2011
11. Estimating the potential impact of the Australian government's reformulation targets on household sugar purchases.
- Author
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Coyle, Daisy H., Shahid, Maria, Dunford, Elizabeth K., Louie, Jimmy Chun Yu, Trieu, Kathy, Marklund, Matti, Neal, Bruce, and Wu, Jason H. Y.
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,ANALYSIS of variance ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,ACQUISITION of property ,INGESTION ,DIETARY sucrose ,PACKAGED foods ,INCOME ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,SHOPPING ,FOOD ,GOVERNMENT policy ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,FOOD chemistry - Abstract
Background: Countries around the world are putting in place sugar reformulation targets for packaged foods to reduce excess sugar consumption. The Australian government released its voluntary sugar reformulation targets for nine food categories in 2020. We estimated the potential impact of these targets on household sugar purchases and examined differences by income. For comparison, we also modelled the potential impact of the UK sugar reduction targets on per capita sugar purchases as the UK has one of the most comprehensive sugar reduction strategies in the world. Methods: Grocery purchase data from a nationally representative consumer panel (n=7,188) in Australia was linked with a large database (FoodSwitch) with product-specific sugar content information for packaged foods (n=25,261); both datasets were collected in 2018. Potential reductions in per capita sugar purchases were calculated overall and by food category. Differences in sugar reduction across income level were assessed by analysis of variance. Results: In 2018, the total sugar acquired from packaged food and beverage purchases consumed at-home was 56.1 g/day per capita. Australia's voluntary reformulation targets for sugar covered 2,471/25,261 (9.8%) unique products in the FoodSwitch dataset. Under the scenario that all food companies adhered to the voluntary targets, sugar purchases were estimated to be reduced by 0.9 g/day per capita, which represents a 1.5% reduction in sugar purchased from packaged foods. However, if Australia adopted the UK targets, over twice as many products would be covered (n=4,667), and this would result in a more than four times greater reduction in sugar purchases (4.1 g/day per capita). It was also estimated that if all food companies complied with Australia's voluntary sugar targets, reductions to sugar would be slightly greater in low-income households compared with high-income households by 0.3 g/day (95%CI 0.2 - 0.4 g/day, p<0.001). Conclusions: Sugar-reduction policies have the potential to substantially reduce population sugar consumption and may help to reduce health inequalities related to excess sugar consumption. However, the current reformulation targets in Australia are estimated to achieve only a small reduction to sugar intakes, particularly in comparison to the UK's sugar reduction program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. COVID-19 in aged care homes: a comparison of effects initial government policies had in the UK (primarily focussing on England) and Australia during the first wave.
- Author
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Chan, Daniel Kam Yin, Mclaws, Mary-Louise, and Forsyth, Duncan Ronald
- Subjects
ELDER care ,OLD age homes ,COVID-19 ,HEALTH policy ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact globally, with older people living in aged care homes suffering high death rates.Objectives: We aimed to compare the impact of initial government policies on this vulnerable older population between the UK and Australia during the first wave of attack.Methods: We searched websites of governments in the UK and Australia and media outlets. We examined the key policies including the national lockdown dates and the distribution of some important resources (personal protective equipment and testing) and the effects of these initial policies on the mortality rates in the aged care homes during the first wave of attack of COVID-19.Results: We found that both countries had prioritized resources to hospitals over aged care homes during the first wave of attack. Both countries had lower priority for aged care residents in hospitals (e.g. discharging without testing for COVID-19 or discouraging admissions). However, deaths in aged care homes were 270 times higher in the UK than in Australia as on 7 May 2020 (despite UK having a population only 2.5 times larger than Australia). The lower fatality rate in Australia may have been due to the earlier lockdown strategy when the total daily cases were low in Australia (118) compared to the UK (over 1000), as well as the better community viral testing regime in Australia.Conclusion: In conclusion, the public health policy in Australia aimed towards earlier intervention with earlier national lockdown and more viral testing to prevent new cases. This primary prevention could have resulted in more lives being saved. In contrast, the initial policy in the UK focussed mainly on protecting resources for hospitals, and there was a delay in national lockdown intervention and lower viral testing rate, resulting in more lives lost in the aged care sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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13. Health inequalities in the Great Depression: a case study of Stockton on Tees, North-East England in the 1930s.
- Author
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Langthorne, Michael and Bambra, Clare
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,HEALTH policy ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HEALTH status indicators ,INFANT mortality ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,PERINATAL death ,RECESSIONS ,RESEARCH funding ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Background Parallels have been drawn between the 'Great Depression' of the 1930s and the more recent 'Great Recession' that followed the 2007/8 financial crisis. Austerity was the common policy response by UK governments in both time periods. This article examines health inequalities at a local level in the 1930s, through a historical case study. Methods Local and national historical archives, Medical Officer for Health reports, and secondary sources were examined from 1930 to 1939 to obtain data on inequalities in health (infant mortality rates, stillbirths and neonatal mortality rates, 1935 and crude overall mortality rates, 1936) and ward-level deprivation (over-crowding rates, 1935) in Stockton-on-Tees, North-East England. Results There were high geographical inequalities in overcrowding and health in Stockton-on-Tees in the 1930s. Rates of overall mortality, in particular, were higher in those wards with higher levels of overcrowding. Conclusions There were geographical inequalities in health in the 1930s and the most deprived areas had the worst overall mortality rates. The areas with the worst housing conditions and health outcomes in the 1930s remain so today - health inequality is extant over time across different periods of austerity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Prescription for Change.
- Author
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Gopal, Kevin
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,DRUG prescribing ,MEDICAL practice ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Focuses on the proposal of the British government, which outlines restructuring of the National Health Service, including provisions that would allow primary care groups to help people with chronic illness manage their own health. Impact of the proposal on medical practice; Health conditions wherein fully-funded evidence-based prescribing is needed; How the media's overhyping of products affect the mindset of patients.
- Published
- 2000
15. The Impact of New Labour Health Policy on Social Services: A New Deal for Service Users' Health?
- Author
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Bywaters, Paul and McLeod, Eileen
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,SOCIAL services ,EQUALITY ,GOVERNMENT policy ,HEALTH planning - Abstract
The health policies of the Labour Government of 1997–2001 included an increased emphasis on social services departments' (SSDs) contribution to promoting health. Three dimensions of this policy shift are discussed: first, the drive towards organisational fusion between elements of the NHS and SSDs; second, the new mechanisms for conjoint funding of health and social services; and, finally, the new policy focus on tackling health inequalities by combating social inequalities on a national and locality basis. In each case, the touchstone of our analysis is the consequences for the health and well-being of SSD service users as members of socially disadvantaged groups. We conclude that New Labour has taken some steps, particularly reducing child poverty, which will have long lasting health and social benefits for actual and potential service users. However, inadequate funding of SSDs undermines their effectiveness as a partner in integrated health and social care. As signalled by service user initiatives, SSDs potential for promoting more equal chances of health and well-being in ill-health will also not be realised without substantial changes to current SSD policy and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
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16. A clear public mission? Public-private partnerships and the recommodification of the NHS.
- Author
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Ruane, Sally
- Subjects
PUBLIC health ,PUBLIC-private sector cooperation ,BUSINESS enterprises ,HEALTH policy ,HOSPITALS ,CREATIVE ability ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article reports on the Private Finance Initiative (PFI), one of the types of public-private partnerships being run by the government in Great Britain. In a PFI development, a consortium of private sector companies would finance, design and build the hospital and then run a range of services including maintenance and estate management, within it. Such engagement in which private sector's managerial, commercial and creative skills can be brought to bear in the task of modernizing and strengthening public sector services, offers the prospect of better value for money. The responsibility to manage such arrangements has been given to some Great Britain National Health Service managers.
- Published
- 2001
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17. A tentative step towards healthy public policy.
- Author
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Joffe, Michael and Mindell, Jennifer
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,GOVERNMENT policy ,EQUALITY ,PUBLIC health ,MEDICAL care - Abstract
This article presents information about a recent report, released by finance ministry in Great Britain, which explores the ways that population health can be improved and health inequalities reduced. The starting point in the report is that prevention is more cost effective than provision of health care to treat disease. It also accepts that past and current public health approaches may have contributed to widening health inequalities. In summarizing the roles and responsibilities of different agents, the report rejects the view that all decisions should be left completely up to each individual, as people may not have sufficient scientific information and they may lack a supportive social context. This is particularly important in relation to social inequalities in health.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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18. MPs dissect NHS IT plan's failings.
- Author
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Collins, Tony
- Subjects
INFORMATION technology projects ,MEDICAL informatics ,INFORMATION technology ,HIGH technology ,PUBLIC health ,HEALTH policy ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article reports that the Public Accounts Committee of the British House of Commons recently submitted its report on the significance and progress of Great Britain's National Health Service's National Program for IT. Though the committee has raised some issues that need to be tackled urgently, the magnitude of concerns did not seem alarming. The committee has questioned whether the 10-year contracts, which could cost taxpayers £6.2 billion, will bring significant clinical benefits by the time they expire. It is stated that the program has focused too narrowly on the delivery of IT systems at the expense of the proper consideration of how to use IT within a broader process of business change.
- Published
- 2007
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