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The article focuses on the Kazuo Ishiguro Papers, preserved and accessible for research at the Harry Ransom Center, providing insight into Ishiguro's unique approach to archiving and offering a rich resource for studying his creative process. It mentions that Ishiguro's meticulous organization of the archive, accompanied by detailed annotations and "archive notes," provides a distinctive collection of original manuscripts with the author's personal reflections.

The article discusses the papers by novelist J. M. Coetzee which were acquired by the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin. The collection includes correspondence, speeches, awards, citations, research materials assembled by Coetzee for his fiction and nonfiction, and draft of the novels from "Dusklands" to "Elizabeth Costello." Also described are the manuscript entries and revisions and surprises in the papers.

Around 1940, a New York City organization known as the Dance Notation Bureau (DNB) began a decades-long effort to promote a system known as "Labanotation." Designed to capture the ephemeral, three- dimensional complexity of dance on the fl at surface of paper, the DNB believed that Labanotation held the key to modernizing the art form. Focusing on the period between 1940 and 1975, this article catalogues the Dance Notation Bureau's efforts to make dance both "literate" and "scientifi c" and explores how these efforts contributed to broader transformations in the defi nitions of creativity, preservation, authorship, and dance itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the contracts at Warner Bros. for two productions by director Arthur Penn as a case study to consider how these agreements shaped production cultures during the emergence of New Hollywood. Through the 1950s, the studio employed production-distribution agreements that used strict controls and regulations to mimic its in-house procedures. But in the 1960s, it preferred short-form joint venture agreements that allowed more direct control in shaping the film's production while turning the producers into self-regulators. As the contracts reveal, Warner Bros. reshaped their business to grant production culture control to producers while also ensuring the studio's corporate role in the New Hollywood landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the first half of the twentieth century, the increasing use of documents to record everyday interactions generated information that became the basis of official identification practices. Based on this change, this article makes two arguments: (1) the increased use of documents in identification redefined identity in terms of procedure (systematic recordkeeping), and (2) it made concrete a relatively new conception of information as a "substance" that had presence in the world and was objective. Thus, the objectivity that became central to identification was tied to an object, to paper, that facilitated an understanding that these documents "contained" objective information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of the British government's State Paper Office, with a particular focus on the relationship between archives and libraries prior to the development of modern archival theory in the early 20th century. Details on processes of appraisal, arrangement, and description are presented. It is suggested that while the office's collecting policies were similar to those of modern archives, its organizational philosophy was more closely aligned with those of libraries.

The article examines the relationship between female masculinity and romantic friendship in the works of newspaper writer Mary Field Williams Gibson, also known as Winnie Woodfern. According to the author, Gibson's contributions to the 19th-century periodicals known as story-papers challenged normative gender roles and practices. Particular focus is given to the role of Gibson's personal experiences of courtship, marriage, domesticity, and romantic female friendship in her writings. Details on Gibson's literary career and her marriage to engineer Alonzo Lewis are presented. Other topics include death, violence, lesbian self-representation, and authors Louisa May Alcott and Fanny Fern.

Discusses the developments in commodification of manuscripts and archival materials. Implication of developments to aquisition, preservation and utilization of libraries materials; Complexity of intellectual property management in the electronic age; Relationship between dealers to authors and dealers to institutional collectors.

Presents an excerpt of the introduction by psychologist Heinz L. Ansbacher to the articles written by Alfred Adler, Edmund W. Sinnott and Hadley Cantril published in the `Journal of Individual Psychology, Volume 13, Number 1' in 1957.

This paper interrogates the spatial practices and politics involved in remaking Bolivia's protected areas as territories of extraction, focusing on the ongoing conflict over natural gas development in the Tariquía National Reserve of Flora and Fauna. Extending and connecting debates on enclave infrastructures, neoextractivist state formation, and resource futures, I argue that territorialising this hydrocarbon frontier rests on a double movement of cuts and flows. On the one hand, enclaving practices work to minimise environmental impacts, restrict access to sites of extraction, and shield hydrocarbon companies from local efforts to hold them accountable. On the other hand, the state directs flows of money, infrastructure, and political influence to territories of extraction to manufacture consent, situating these spaces within broader geographies of hydrocarbon citizenship. I show how the boundaries and governance structures of protected areas—key sites for new extraction in Bolivia—have become implicated in the management of these cuts and flows. The paper advances understanding of neoextractivist territorialisation, while also highlighting how anti-extractivist peasant movements disrupt this spatial production by mobilising around extraction's leaky materialities and knowledge across extractive sites and project cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This section introduces two articles about business cycles published in the June 1977 issue of Social Science Quarterly journal.

This section introduces three position papers on the food-people controversy featured in this issue of Social Science Quarterly.

This paper chronicles the emergence of a new generation of Indigenous leaders in the oil-producing region of northeastern Ecuador. Over the span of almost half a century, oil exploitation and toxic waste have come to mark the landscape, everyday lives, and political relations among the Siekopai people. A new generation of leaders has tacitly accepted that they will not see monetary reparations, but have to make do in a transformed landscape of leaky substances. They are entangled in oil's material afterlife, and I show how new political subjectivities arise with the experience of living with destruction. Leaders take inspiration from shamanic practices of healing, repair and controlled transformation to ensure existential continuity and recompose relations between forests, bodies, and territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the conditions under which the externalities of capitalist energy development become meaningful in Mapuche territory in Chile. I describe two deaths that occurred outside the construction site of the Malleco Wind Farm and analyze how different actors struggled to make sense of them, establish them as eventful, and identify different actors as responsible. One, the death of a local motorcyclist in a traffic collision with employees of the wind farm company, became an accident in official framings. The other, the death of a police officer in the context of police repression of the ensuing protests, was framed as the result of "terrorist" violence. Theoretically, I consider the notion of eventfulness and argue that, in the space constructed as the "Southern Macrozone", certain spectacular forms of eventfulness foreground moments of violent conflict between Mapuche and the state, occluding routine forms of violence involving corporate actors. These dynamics, I argue, are exacerbated by the elusive form of the modern corporation. In the context of the settler-colonial conflict, then, capitalist corporations effectively fade into the background as actors in what appears to be a conflict between irrational "terrorist" violence and the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the use of land as a common practice that is intrinsic to the class construction and way of life of a sub-section of the peasantry. The aim is to understand how the common use of land among the peasant class allows them to escape, albeit relatively, from [End Page 42] the subjection of their income and labor. Grounded in dialectical materialism, we analyze what is common in both its etymological and concrete sense in relation to the experiences of the peasantry. We discuss common land and the imposition of private property as inseparable, and argue that the state acts as a tool for imposing and shaping private property, in a way that strengthens the uneven development of capitalist production. Lastly, we use our analysis to explore the formation of peasant territories in Brazil, which have emerged from land in common use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International retirement migration (IRM) is known to be an important factor for regional economic development in some low-and middle-income countries. However, IRM's effects on land prices and real estate markets, especially housing, are controversial. Using the case study of the Andean city of Cotacachi, Ecuador, this paper discusses the economic and socio-spatial effects of IRM-related construction of comparatively high-priced retirement homes on indigenous communities' access to land and housing prices in the urban area. Based on the analysis and collection of quantitative and qualitative data, the paper identifies that IRM-related foreign investments result in increased prices of (agricultural) land and urban housing. This especially affects indigenous communities as they are historically marginalized in access to land. To understand the IRM-related effects, we contextualize and discuss these in light of the historical control of land by landowning élites. Our data show that recent IRM-oriented real estate development—paired with highly uneven postcolonial distribution of land—has unequal socio-spatial effects: land-rich élites benefit from selling land to both local and foreign investors, while landless and land-poor indigenous communities face increasing difficulty in accessing land for agriculture. La migración internacional de jubilados (MIJ) es conocida como un factor importante para el desarrollo económico regional en algunos países. Sin embargo, sus efectos sobre los precios del suelo y los mercados inmobiliarios son controversiales. A partir de un estudio en la ciudad de Cotacachi, Ecuador, este artículo analiza los efectos económicos y socio-espaciales de la construcción de viviendas de alto valor para jubilados extranjeros, en relación con el acceso a la tierra en las comunidades indígenas y el precio de la vivienda. El artículo identifica que las inversiones extranjeras relacionadas con la MIJ provocan un aumento en los precios de la tierra y la vivienda urbana. Esto, a su vez, afecta especialmente a las comunidades indígenas. Con el fin de entender los efectos relacionados con la MIJ, discutimos los mismos, a la luz del control histórico de la tierra por parte de las élites terratenientes. Nuestros datos reflejan que el desarrollo inmobiliario relacionado con la MIJ junto con la distribución postcolonial de la tierra tiene efectos socio-espaciales desiguales: las grandes élites terratenientes se benefician de la venta de tierras, mientras que las comunidades indígenas (sin) o pobres en tierras enfrentan grandes dificultades para continuar con la agricultura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important but lesser-known figures of twentieth-century kebyar was North Balinese composer Ketut Merdana. Owing to the remote location of Kedis Kaja and the political situation in mid-twentieth-century Indonesia, his importance in developing kebyar has been largely ignored. This paper aims to affirm his position as an outstanding composer and to restore to the Balinese a vital part of their twentieth-century musical culture. The first section of this paper provides background information that is critical to understanding the musical culture of his time. The second section helps to explain how the well-known South Balinese musician Wayan Gandera was able to claim Merdana's music as his own, "confessing" that the music was not his only near the end of his life. The last section deals with Merdana's belated public recognition and introduces some of his compositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the relationship between water infrastructures and the identity dimension of citizenship. By combining concepts from urban political ecology and Foucault's work on governmentality, this paper offers an analytical framework of hydro-social regimes of water access, which acknowledges both the material and discursive dimensions of urban infrastructures. This framework is used to analyse water access in the self-built neighbourhoods of Antofagasta, Chile. It is argued that urban infrastructures are crucial to the identity construction of urban dwellers as citizens, as they produce subjects with a particular sense of social belonging. This paper thus contributes to debates on urban infrastructures and citizenship in the context of self-built housing on the urban periphery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trajectory of the Brazilian economy reveals that investments in infrastructure have periodically played a leading role in economic growth strategies and cycles. To examine its multiscale particularities, this paper assumes that the provision of infrastructure in Brazil relates to historical-structural changes in the country's economy, which has evolved from the national-developmentalist stage (1930s-1980s) towards neoliberalization, and has since the 1990s been subordinated to financialization. The paper discusses the provision of infrastructure in a peripheral context and analyzes the relationships formed in the infrastructure sector, emphasizing the marketization processes throughout the accumulation dynamics of Brazilian capitalism. It then considers the resurgence of contradictions that have arisen from providing infrastructure and services for collective consumption during during the recent coronavirus pandemic. And lastly, the paper argues for the alternative nature contained within an emancipatory infrastructure, in contrast to the hegemonic pattern that has historically entailed the realization of such investments in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that in Latin America, renewable energy and mining infrastructures are entangled in a logic of so-called green extractivism that rearticulates coloniality through infrastructural violence. It grounds the analysis in a case study of the Sierra Norte de Puebla, Mexico, where a logic of hydroelectric extractivism entangles small hydropower and mining projects. This co-articulation of extractivist and green transition imperatives reflects a reconfiguration of the Mexican political settlement to make natural resource extraction compatible with, and even necessary to, mitigating climate change. While presented as sustainable development by state and corporate actors, Nahua and Totonac land and environmental defenders resist these projects and call them proyectos de muerte to indicate that they threaten Indigenous lives, livelihoods, and territory. In analyzing this case study, the paper dispels the prevalent assumption that small hydropower plants cause minimal socio-ecological impacts. The findings also highlight the contested role of the state, illustrating that a state's infrastructural power can perpetuate coloniality and infrastructural violence while also enabling political activism to effectively challenge them. The focus on small and sustainable infrastructure contributes to burgeoning research on green extractivism, while the emphasis on power relations challenges much of the current literature on energy and sustainability transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the career of book maker Dard Hunter, particularly emphasizing his paper-making efforts. Hunter amassed a collection of paper specimens, papermaking tools, and plants, which is housed at the Robert C. Williams American Museum of Papermaking at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Hunter's unsuccessful efforts at running a paper mill are explained. The acquisition of three of Hunter's hand-printed press books on papermaking by the University of Utah's Marriott Library is examined. His trade books "Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft" and "My Life with Paper," an autobiography, are also discussed.

In the vast literature on homegardens, most of the studies have focused on describing their properties and functions, while there is scant knowledge about the socioeconomic determinants of homegardening patterns. This paper contributes to filling this gap by assessing the planned agrobiodiversity of homegardens in Yucatán, Mexico, and studying the association between homegardening patterns and contextual and household characteristics. In doing so, the paper draws on key elements of the Capability Approach and the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework. Data was collected in four Yucatecan communities showing different urbanization levels, the heterogeneous presence of a Mayan Indigenous population, and diverse attachment to traditional agricultural livelihoods. A mixed-methods approach was followed, involving household surveys and interviews, and quantitative analysis informed by qualitative insights. Principal components analysis, cluster, and regression analyses were applied to develop a homegarden typology and identify associations among four homegardening patterns and five relevant household characteristics: (1) the household structure and family life cycle; (2) ethnicity; (3) rural-urban interactions; (4) wealth; and (5) participation in government-led development interventions. The paper contributes to broader debates on the nexus of agrobio-diversity and sociocultural and economic interactions and on how these influence alternative pathways to the dominant trend of agrobiodiversity loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an embodied and material approach that privileges knowledge, creativity, and cognition-in-the-making, this paper focuses on "designing without design" in Sirwa weaving communities of southern Morocco. In contrast to studies of contexts where weavers use representational devices--such as knot plans, cartoons, or talims--to guide their performance, this article offers an account of designing with the body, material, and social environment. It questions the universality of designing carpets with precise and prescriptive representational devices. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork among several Amazigh Tashelhit speakingweaving communities in the Sirwa Mountains. The first part of the article deals with the perceptual, motor, and social dimensions of designing with the body and technology; the second part focuses more specifically on the designing of patterns; and the last part discusses the form and use of prescriptive presentational devices and their impact on weavers and heritage, both in the Sirwa and in other weaving communities of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explore the development of cartography during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. It analyzes the maps produced by government agencies, research groups and grassroots activist organizations. The analysis demonstrates that cartography became an instrument mobilized for different purposes: to inform, to communicate, to guide, to analyze, and to mobilize subjects and solidarity. However, these different forms of cartography should also be viewed within a context of power relations and struggles. Contested narratives regarding the pandemic and the responses to it, as well as the tools of cartography employed, are revealed as dimensions of these power relations. O objetivo deste texto é debater a produção cartográfica no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. São analisadas cartografias governamentais, de grupos de pesquisa e de grupos ativistas de base. As análises mostram que a cartografia foi um instrumento mobilizado com diversas funções, tais como informar, comunicar, orientar, analisar, mobilizar sujeitos e solidariedades. Entretanto, essa produção deve ser vista dentro de jogos e disputas de poder. Disputas de narrativas sobre a pandemia, sobre as respostas e reações a ela, assim como os próprios instrumentos de produção cartográfica utilizados, são aspectos mostrados como dimensões destas relações de poder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O objetivo deste texto é debater a produção cartográfica no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. São analisadas cartografias governamentais, de grupos de pesquisa e de grupos ativistas de base. As análises mostram que a cartografia foi um instrumento mobilizado com diversas funções, tais como informar, comunicar, orientar, analisar, mobilizar sujeitos e solidariedades. Entretanto, essa produção deve ser vista dentro de jogos e disputas de poder. Disputas de narrativas sobre a pandemia, sobre as respostas e reações a ela, assim como os próprios instrumentos de produção cartográfica utilizados, são aspectos mostrados como dimensões destas relações de poder. The aim of this paper is to explore the development of cartography during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. It analyzes the maps produced by government agencies, research groups and grassroots activist organizations. The analysis demonstrates that cartography became an instrument mobilized for different purposes: to inform, to communicate, to guide, to analyze, and to mobilize subjects and solidarity. However, these different forms of cartography should also be viewed within a context of power relations and struggles. Contested narratives regarding the pandemic and the responses to it, as well as the tools of cartography employed, are revealed as dimensions of these power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the 2014-2015 drying of Lake Poopó, on the central Bolivian Altiplano. While numerous fishing cooperatives and indigenous campesino communities were negatively affected by the lake's drying, arguably the greatest impact was experienced by the three communities of Urus indigenous peoples, located on the lake's eastern shore. As a consequence of their historical marginalization–which began in the the pre-Hispanic era, intensified during the Colonial period, and has continued into the present–Urus have virtually no land of their own and have historically depended on fishing, hunting, and gathering in the lake and the surrounding wetlands. With the drying of the lake, Urus communities have experienced high levels of out-migration and deepening immiseration. This paper examines the causes and consequences of the lake's drying and considers the broader political and economic context of regional socio-environmental transformation. While climate change undoubtedly plays a role in the lake's drying, it has been exacerbated by large-scale water withdrawals for mining, agriculture, and urban uses. Thus, the power relations involved in contemporary patterns of resource use, in combination with regional environmental change, have combined to magnify the vulnerability of fragile ecosystems and already marginalized populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The local government in Medellín, Colombia, has constructed several large infrastructure projects in the past decades as part of a strategy to transform itself into a world-class city. These projects—such as gondola-style mass transit, architecturally striking libraries, and eco-parks—contribute to a neoliberal sustainability agenda that seeks to entice wealthy investors, residents, and tourists into the city. The large-scale urban development projects also exclude marginalized residents and their everyday urban projects from newly valued "natural" commons. This paper argues that the local government uses these large infrastructure projects as a strategy of territorialization, which seeks to control space in the periphery of the city by assembling certain approved actors inside its urban borders while excluding other, less powerful residents as rural, at-risk, or invisible. Relying on data created in community meetings from 2015 to 2017 with displaced people engaged in subsistence urban agriculture, this article provides an empirical example of a territorial assemblage that makes tangible the city's rural-urban border while also dispossessing marginalized residents from their right to the city. This paper contributes to literature in critical urban theory by drawing attention to the fissures and contradictions embedded in such neoliberal urbanism projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Brazilian Amazon Estuary-Delta (AED) covers an area of over 160,000 km 2 and includes forty-nine mostly small urban centers. Despite development hurdles, these small towns are hubs of social and economic life. This paper has a twofold goal: to present a review of typologies developed to categorize urban areas in Brazil, and the Amazon region in particular; and to assess the extent to which these different typologies can be used to distinguish the singularities of small towns in the region. Most typologies do not capture the diversity of urban realities in the region; this needs to be considered in public policy programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers an analytical framework to identify how communities that have been negatively affected by mineral extraction and its infrastructure can begin to transition toward an emancipatory approach to overcome their marginalization, which has been accentuated by the socio-environmental conflicts caused by mining. We argue that through the extractivism–infrastructure nexus, alternative options to overcome these conflicts can be unveiled and unpacked. By comparing two Mexican mining cases—the Sonora River region in the northwest of the country and the Oaxaca highlands in the southeast—we identify the instances of everyday resistance, struggle, and contestation that are important to assessing emancipation. The cases show how non-Indigenous communities, inspired by Indigenous groups, can begin to think differently and move toward a transition that is more socio-environmentally just. Building on interlegal and municipalism debates, we argue that this transition can be accomplished through a focus on narratives, practices, and norms within four analytical factors: normative frameworks, legacies of social movements, local governance, and alternative economies. Our argument offers an alternative way to investigate the function infrastructural projects have in municipal policy-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I In recent years, research on carpets has focused on the production and consumption of Persian "vine-scroll" carpets produced between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Through the study of collections in Portugal and the United States, this paper looks at the transformation of the Iranian carpet industry in response to the demands and competitiveness of the growing international market and how, when, and where this occurred. Based on an interdisciplinary approach involving art history, history, and conservation science and by bringing together the complex political, economic, and cultural backgrounds that set the stage for major innovations in carpet production, this study identified the development of a new carpet type and its variations through a comprehensive survey of fifty-nine selected carpets. Technical and material analysis, especially of dyes, achieved a more detailed understanding of the origin and context of production and local manufacturing processes, Meanwhile, the carpet designs and their depictions in European paintings were traced develop a chronology for the evolution of production. In this paper, in addition to presenting general results of this combined methodology, group of four carpets are presented as case studies that offer insights into the evolution of the vine-scroll type and new interpretations on the roles of the producer and consumer between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early museum collections of Iban textiles from Borneo generally date from the late 1880s. This paper presents seven Iban ikat skirt cloths (kain kebat) with accession dates in the mid-nineteenth century: six cloths donated by James Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak, to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in the 1850s, and a slightly earlier specimen at the Ethnological Museum, Berlin, collected between 1846 and 1848 by Oscar von Kessel in Kalimantan. This paper follows the convoluted accession paths of the James Brooke donation and reviews the events, institutions, and personages involved in the context of early Victorian England; it catalogues the dispersal of Kessel's extensive collection of over a thousand objects to various European institutions; and finally, the paper considers the implications of these seven early specimens for our understanding of Iban weaving history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to examine the relationships among cross-border transport connectivity, transport density, and population dynamics in border regions of southern Brazil. We focus our empirical analysis on southern Brazil border cities. Our findings demonstrate that cross-border location and network efficiency indices are closely related and that these two indices are positively correlated to a transport density measure. We also find that population levels are positively related to network efficiency and transport infrastructure density indicators. Finally, as a policy recommendation, our evidence provides support for investments in transport infrastructure that optimize border connectivity as a way to counter disparities in border regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the result of extensive work with an ethnographic scope, carried out during the context of the Covid-19 pandemic in the rural territory of El Valle, Cuenca (Ecuador). The objective of this research is to study the new social constructions of space and rural territory that have arisen during the lockup time from the everyday life spatial narratives of the population that mobilizes, uses, and configures El Valle. Conceptually, this research uses the lenses of social space theory and emotional geographies. The results suggest that due to the pandemic, [End Page 34] the inhabitants were situated in a certain place, but community markets and health centers became mobile social spaces. Inhabitants of El Valle point out the importance of rural territories to keep sustainability in the city. Finally, the local people have maintained survival and solidarity strategies such as mobile minka, especially in spaces designated for them as of the community use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1978, Petróleos Mexicanos first announced reserve estimates for the Chicontepec Basin, calling it "one of the largest [hydrocarbon fields] in the Western Hemisphere" with 42 percent of Mexico's crude oil reserves. Optimism for the basin's potential was particularly high after 2000 when Mexico's supergiant Cantarell field peaked and rising global oil prices made unconventional deposits, such as the Chicontepec, economically viable. However, by 2017, less than 1 percent of the Chicontepec's estimated total-oil-in-place had been extracted. In this paper, I draw on scholarship into hydrocarbon reserve estimates, socio-technical imaginings, and resource geography to examine the rise, fall, and significance of the Chicontepec's oil potential. The paper shows how making the Chicontepec involved a geophysical study to create an internally homogenous subsurface volume, a calculation method with political-economic connotations, and a management strategy that prioritized using oil reserves to attract international capital. As an imagined unconventional hydrocarbon volume, the Chicontepec was hailed for its reserve replacement potential, which led to large capital investments in its development and allowed transnational oilfield services firms to gain territorial footholds. By thinking through volumetric assessments and oil potential outcomes in the Chicontepec, this paper contributes to scholarship on resource geographies of the Mexican oil industry, broader international debates concerning the social constitution of hydrocarbon reserves, and the role of unconventionals as reserve replacements. Detailing the creation of oil potential in the Chicontepec also provides a template for evaluating resource and petro-geographies in other parts of Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses twenty-first-century Korean composer Unsuk Chin and her aesthetics to demonstrate how Chin's practices in her music present new possibilities beyond previous scholarly research focused on intercultural interpretations. Through biographical research on and musical analysis of Chin's Violin Concerto (2001), the electronic work Xi (1998), and the opera Alice in Wonderland (2007), I argue that Chin's musical ideas suggest a new aesthetic paradigm beyond the application of nationalistic sound. Furthermore this article examines how Chin searches for her own stylistic position. Apart from any references to her Indigenous cultural roots, this paper draws attention to the issue of expressing individualism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]